1、Food and CultureUnit 3英語24字整體教學Period ThreeGrammarThe past perfect tense and The past perfect passive voice達標檢測 當堂檢測 基礎達標演練語法導學 感悟規律 重點難點剖析內容索引感知以下課文原句，補全方框下的小題1.Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American t

2、astes.2.When my family and I had just arrived in China，we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing.3.A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend，and finally，we found it.語法感知語 法 導 學感悟規律 重點難點剖析4.Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the ch

3、ef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.1.以上句子中所用的時態都是 。2.句2和句4中使用的是過去完成時態的 語態，其基本結構是_ 。3.句1和句3中使用的是過去完成時態的 語態，其基本結構是_ 。過去完成時had過去分詞主動被動hadbeen過去分詞過去完成時及其被動語態1.概念：過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成了的動作，即“過去的過去”。語法精析2.基本結構：(1)肯定結構：主語had (been) done其他成分(2)否定結構：主語had not (been) don

4、e其他成分(3)疑問句結構：Had主語(been) done其他成分？疑問詞had主語(been) done其他成分？3.基本用法(1)表示在過去某一時間或動作以前完成了的動作，即“過去的過去”?？梢杂胋y，before等介詞短語或一個時間狀語從句來表示，也可以用一個表示過去的動作來表示，還可以通過上下文來表示。By nine oclock last night，we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9點鐘，我們已經收到200 張飛船發來的圖片。The classroom hadnt been cleaned before the teac

5、her came.老師到來前教室還未打掃。(2)表示由過去的某一時刻開始，一直延續到過去另一時間的動作或狀態，常和for，since引導的時間狀語連用。I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.當車來的時候，我在車站已經等了20分鐘。It is reported that more than 3,000 people had been killed since the disease broke out.據報道，自從疾病爆發以來，已經有3 000多人喪生。(3)敘述過去發生的事情，在已敘述了過去發生的事情

6、后，反過來追述或補述以前發生的動作時，常使用過去完成時。Mr Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好朋友。They became homeless again，for their house had been destroyed in the earthquake.他們又一次無家可歸了，因為他們的房子在地震中被毀掉了。(4)在含有定語從句的主從復合句中，如果敘述的是過去的事，先發生的動作常用過去完成時。I returned the book that I had borrowed fro

7、m the library.我已歸還了我從圖書館借的書。She was pleased with the dessert that had been made by her grandmother.她很喜歡外婆做的甜點。(5)過去完成時常常用在told，said，knew，heard，thought等動詞后的賓語從句(或間接引語)中，這時從句中的動作發生在主句表示的過去的動作之前。I thought I had sent the letter a week before.我認為我一星期前就把信寄出去了。The boy was reminded that his homework had not

8、 been handed in.這個小男孩被提醒還未交作業。(6)狀語從句：在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在前，用過去完成時；發生在后，用一般過去時。如when，before，after，as soon as，till/until引導的從句。When I woke up，it had already stopped raining.我醒來時雨已停了。She didnt go to bed until all her work had been finished.直到所有工作做完之后她才去睡覺。注意：如果兩個動作緊接著發生，則常常不用過去完成時，特別是在含有before和after的復合句

9、中，因為這時從句的動作和主句的動作發生的先后順序已經非常明確，這時可以用一般過去時代替過去完成時。After he arrived in England，Marx worked hard to improve his English.馬克思到達英格蘭之后，努力提高他的英語水平。(7)動詞think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用過去完成時來表示過去未曾實現的想法、希望、打算或意圖等。They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.他們本來打算去幫忙，但沒有及時趕到那里。We had hoped to be

10、 able to come and see you.我們本來希望能來看看你。(8)過去完成時還可用在hardly.when.，no sooner.than.，It was the first (second，etc.) time (that).等固定句型中。Hardly had he begun to speak when he was interrupted by the audience.他剛開始演講，聽眾就打斷了他。It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.這是他那一年第三次失業了。4.過去完成時的語法判定(

11、1)由時間狀語來判定一般說來，各種時態都有特定的時間狀語。與過去完成時連用的時間狀語有：by過去的時間點I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night.到昨天晚上九點，我已經讀完了那本小說。by the end of過去的時間點More than three thousand English words had been learned by the end of last term.到上學期末已經學習了三千多個英語單詞了。before過去的時間點More than six hundred trees had been pl

12、anted before last Wednesday.在上周三前已經種了600多棵樹了。(2)由“過去的過去”來判定過去完成時表示“過去的過去”，是指過去某一動作之前已經發生或完成的動作，即動作有先后關系，動作在前的用過去完成時，在后的用一般過去時。這種用法常出現在賓語從句中。當賓語從句的主句為一般過去時，且從句的動作先于主句的動作時，從句要用過去完成時。如told，said，knew，heard，thought等動詞后的賓語從句。I heard that she had been offered a well-paid job in a foreign company.我聽說她已經在國外一

13、家公司得到了一份收入豐厚的工作。巧學妙記過去完成時記憶口訣had加上“過去分”，構成過去完成時。過去完成的意義，也表“完成”或“延續”。若有主、從兩個句，先后動作分別敘。哪個在先哪“完成”，哪個在后哪“過去”。5.過去完成時與一般過去時的區別 雖然這兩種時態都表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態，但在使用時應注意以下幾點： (1)時間狀語不同：過去完成時在時間上強調“過去的過去”；而一般過去時只強調過去某一特定的時間。試比較： They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.昨天10點前他們已經到達了車站。They arrived at the st

14、ation at ten yesterday.他們昨天10點到達了車站。(2)在沒有明確的過去時間狀語作標志時，謂語動詞動作發生的時間先后須依據上下文來判斷：先發生的用過去完成時，后發生的則用一般過去時。如：She and the whole family were very happy.She had just won the first in the composition competition.她和全家人都非常高興。她剛剛在作文比賽中獲得了第一名。(3)當兩個或兩個以上接連發生的動作用 and 或 but 連接時，按時間順序，只需用一般過去時來代替過去完成時；另外，在 before，a

15、fter，as soon as引導的從句中，由于這些連詞本身已經表示出時間的先后，因此也可以用過去時來代替過去完成時。如：He entered the room，turned on the light and began to read an evening paper.他進入房間，打開燈，然后開始閱讀晚報。返 回.單句語法填空1.Alan Greenspan had to admit that he (make) some serious mistakes.2.Arthur was unhappy because some of his animals (die).3.I was sent

16、to the village last month to see how the development plan _ (carry) out in the past two years.4.This Monday morning I was informed I (choose) as one of three exchange students from our college.5.I (expect) the operation to be painful，but I didnt feel a thing.達 標 檢 測當堂檢測 基礎達標演練had madehad diedhad bee

17、ncarriedhad been chosenhad expected6.When the hurricane ended，several buildings in the town (fall) down.7.She returned home and (find) all her furniture _(ruin) by the flood.8.When she woke up，she found that her house (destroy) by the thunderstorm.9.A local radio said that several eruptions (take) p

18、lace in the previous twenty years.10.I (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldnt manage it.had fallenfoundhad been ruinedhad been destroyedhad takenhad hoped.用括號內單詞的正確時態完成下面短文A cow and a fox went out to search for food together.They 11. (go) only a few miles before they saw a lion coming their way.They were both very frightened.The fox 12. (think) of a way of saving his own life，and went up