1、目錄TOC o 1-1 h u HYPERLINK l _Toc23389 第1講 Great scientists（reading、語法和閱讀）4 HYPERLINK l _Toc28192 第2講 Great scientists（詞匯和寫作）17 HYPERLINK l _Toc28192 第3講 The United Kingdom（reading、語法和閱讀練習）35 HYPERLINK l _Toc28192 第4講 The United Kingdom（詞匯和寫作訓練）.49 HYPERLINK l _Toc28192 第5講 Life in the future （readin

2、g、語法和閱讀練習）66第6講 Life in the future （詞匯和寫作訓練）80第7講 Making the news （reading、語法和閱讀練習）99第8講 Making the news（詞匯和寫作訓練）119第9講 First aid （reading、語法和閱讀練習）143第10講 First aid （詞匯和寫作）163第11講 期中復習1 語言點復習181第12講 期中復習2 語法復習198第13講 期中復習題型指導-完形填空218第14講 選修六 Unit 1 Art239第15講 選修六Unit2 Poems257第16講 選修六unit3 A healthy

3、 life274第17講 選修六unit4 Global warming290第18講 選修六 The power of nature306第19講 選修六 期末復習（一）320第20講 選修六 期末復習（二）332第21講 期末復習題型指導-語法填空346第22講 期末模擬測試360第第1講 講 偉大的科學家（reading、語法和閱讀）通過對本節課的學習，你能夠：學習并能實際運用過去分詞做定語和表語分析和理解文章中長難句及高級句式，并學習仿寫概 述 概 述 適用學科高中英語適用年級高中二年級適用區域人教新課標版課時時長（分鐘）120知識點過去分詞做定語和表語學習目標1、知識：學習過去分詞做

4、定語和表語，并能夠實際運用。2、方法：分析和理解文章中長難句以及高級句式，并學習仿寫。3、能力：閱讀和分析與科學家有關的文章。學習重點過去分詞做定語和表語學習難點了解幾位不同領域的科學家，進而幫助理解文章。學習學習過程一、導入一、導入復習：單詞和詞組默寫。1）conclude 2）attend 3）expose 4）absorb 5）blame 6）instruct 7）contribute 8）put forward 9）apart from 10）make sense 二、知識講解二、知識講解知識點知識點1 reading中重點句子分析 (1) Neither its cause nor

5、its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。【句法分析】neither nor 既不也不【典型例句】Neither you nor he knows about it. 關于這件事，你不知道他也不知道。【練習】Jane wont join us for dinner tonight and _.A. neither wont TomB. Tom wont eitherC. Tom will tooD. so will TomKey: B 考查句型結構。句意：Jane今天晚上不和我們一起吃飯，Tom也一樣。and后接的應同為否定句，故排除C、D項，

6、A項應改為neither will Tom，故選B項。(2) He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍亂疫情是無法控制的。【句法分析】not/never until 直到才【典型例句】I didnt get the news until last night. 直到昨晚我才聽到這消息。【練習】Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him.A. did he beg

7、in B. had he begunC. he began D. he had begunKey: A 考查倒裝句。not until放在句首要用部分倒裝，翻譯為“直到”，所以begin的動作發生在left的動作之后或同時發生。(3) A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位婦女是從寬街搬過來的，她特別喜歡那個水泵的水，每天都叫人把水運到家里來。【句法分析】本句中

8、so that 意為“如此以至于”，that引導結果狀語從句；本句中had it delivered是have的復合結構用法，即“have+賓語+賓補”。【典型例句】He did the work so badly that I had to do it all over again myself.他的活干得太差勁了，我只好親自重做。The patient is going to have his temperature taken. 這個病人準備讓人量體溫。【練習】Youd better start early _ you can get there on time.A. so thatB.

9、 so as toC. such thatD. in order to(4) 文章例句：Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說的清楚。【句型】Only 引導的狀語放在句首，句子需用部分倒裝。【練習】漢譯英就在你失去它的時候，你才會懂得時間的寶貴。_ (5) 文章例句：He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the p

10、lanets going round it . 他把太陽固定在太陽系的中心位置上，而行星則圍繞著太陽轉。【句型】with + 賓語+ v. ing / v. ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases構成的復合結構在句中通常作為狀語，表示背景情況，為方式，原因或條件等。【典例】With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest. 在老者的帶路下，我們向森林進發。【練習】漢譯英隨著考試的結束，我們的假期開始了。_ 知識點2 知識點2 重點語法講解：過去分詞作定語和表語(1) 過去分詞

11、做定語過去分詞做定語，在語態上是被動；在時間上，表示動作已經發生或完成，與它所修飾的詞有邏輯上的動賓關系。如：English is a widely used language. (表被動)He threw away the broken cup. (表完成)This is one of the schools built in 1980s. (表被動和完成)Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices (表被動)注意：1）單個過去分詞及由過去分詞構成的復合形容詞作定語時，常放在被修

12、飾詞的前面，表示被動和完成的意義。The injured passengers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.There are some fallen leaves in the yard. The United States is a developed country. China has sent up many man-made satellites.2）過去分詞短語作定語，常放在被修飾詞的后面，相當于一個定語從句。This is the best novel written by Xiao Ming. = This

13、 is the best novel that was written by Xiao Ming.Several guests invited to your birthday party didnt come.= Several guests who were invited to your birthday party didnt come.3）及物動詞的過去分詞表示結束了的被動動作或者沒有一定的時間性，只表示被動關系。polluted water= water which is polluted被污染的水reserved seats= the seats which were reser

14、ved被保留的座位trapped animal = the animal which was trapped被困住的動物不及物動詞的過去分詞不表被動，只表示動作發生在謂語動詞之前，含有動作完成，動作結束之含義。boiled water= water which has boiled開水fallen leaves= the leaves which have fallen 落葉risen sun= the sun which has risen升起的太陽(2) 過去分詞做表語表示主語的心理感覺或所處的狀態。許多動詞的過去分詞已經被當作形容詞使用。如：disappointed, excited,

15、moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。The window is broken. 窗戶碎了。Dont get so excited. 別這么激動。1）用作表語的過去分詞被動意味很弱，主要表示動作的完成和狀態，此時相當于一個形容詞；被動語態的過去分詞動詞意味很強,句子主語為動作的承受者，后面常跟by短語。試對比：The glass is broken.這只杯子是碎的。（表狀態）The glass was broken by Tom.這只杯子是湯姆打碎的。（表被動）The windows are closed. 窗戶是關著的。（表狀態）The wind

16、ows are closed by Jack.窗戶都被杰克關上了。（表被動）2）表示“感覺流露”的一些過去分詞(如：interested, surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些過去分詞(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用作表語，表示狀態。其中有些僅表示狀態，毫無被動意味。How did the audience receive the new play?They got very excited.How did Bob do in the exams this time?Well, his fath

17、er seems pleased with his results.She was very disappointed to hear the result.Hes quite experienced in teaching beginners. 三、例題三、例題精析例題1例題1【題干】Prices of daily goods _through a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been boughtD. buying【答案】B【解析】根據句子結構，需填動詞的非謂語形式，由于Prices of

18、 daily goods與buy之間是邏輯上的動賓關系，因此用過去分詞bought，故選B。例題2例題2【題干】Five people won the “Chinas Green Figure” award, a title _ to ordinary people their contributions to environmental protection.A. being given B. is givenC. givenD. was given【答案】C【解析】考查過去分詞的用法。此處用過去分詞given做后置定語，相當于which was given.例題例題3【題干】Child r

19、emained _ long after they had been told the puzzling story.A. puzzling B. puzzledC. being puzzledD. to be puzzled【答案】B【解析】考查過去分詞用法。此處的puzzled表主語感到迷惑不解。A項的puzzling修飾物，意為“令人迷惑不解”；C項強調正在被進行的動作；D項表在主句謂語之后發生。例題4例題4【題干】There have been several new events _ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

20、A. addB. to addC. addingD. added【答案】D【解析】考查過去分詞用法。add為及物動詞，常用于add sth to sth結構中，本題應為add several new events to the program。因此add與new events之間為動賓關系，故用過去分詞做后置定語。例題例題5【題干】The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing.A. seatB. seatingC. seatedD. to be seating【

21、答案】C【解析】句考查過去分詞做表語。be/remain seated為固定用法“坐下”，故選C。四 、課堂運用四 、課堂運用基礎基礎用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. You seem _ (frighten).2.Please be patient and remain _ (seat).3. I found this _ (break) cup on the floor.4. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man _ (name) Xiao Ming.5. She worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Minin

22、g Company, _ (know) as 3M.鞏固鞏固6. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed7. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., didnt include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing8. Most of

23、 the people _ to the party were famous scientists.A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 9.As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed10. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be puttin

24、g C. to put D. putting拔高拔高11.這本農民寫的書非常受歡迎。_12. 受到老師嚴厲懲罰的男孩現在是大學生了。_13. 在昨天會議上討論的問題很難解決。_14. 大多數被邀請去參加聚會的藝術家都來自南非。_15. 受到老師鼓舞的學生比以前更努力了。_句子理解練習: 英譯漢(1) 他不但不知道發生了什么，而且也不關心。_(2) 直到他媽媽回來，他才睡覺。_(3) 他工作太努力了，以至于經常忘記吃飯。_ (4) 只有用這種方法，我們才能盡快地達到目標。_ (5) 點著蠟燭，我們將為她唱生日快樂歌。_閱讀理解Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany o

25、n Mar. 14, 1879. Einsteins parents moved from Ulm to Munich when Einstein was still a baby. The family business was the manufacture of electrical parts. When the business failed, in 1894, the family moved to Milan, Italy. At this time Einstein decided officially to give up his German citizenship. Wi

26、thin a year, still without having completed secondary school（中學, Einstein failed an examination that would have allowed him to continue with a course of study leading to a diploma（文憑）as an electrical engineer at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. He spent the next year in nearby Aarau at a s

27、econdary school, where he enjoyed excellent teachers and first-rate facilities（設備）in physics. Einstein returned in 1896 to the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, where he graduated, in 1900 as a secondary school teacher of mathematics and physics. After two years he got a post at the Swiss paten

28、t （專利）office in Bern. The patent office work required Einsteins careful attention, but while employed（19021909）there, he completed an astonishing range of publications in theoretical physics. For the most part these texts were written in his spare time and without the benefit of close contact（接觸）wit

29、h either the scientific literature or theoretician colleagues. Einstein submitted one of his scientific papers to the University of Zurich for a PhD degree in 1905. In 1908 he sent a second paper to the University of Bern and became a lecturer there. The next year Einstein received a regular appoint

30、ment as associate professor of physics at the University of Zurich. By 1909, Einstein was recognized throughout German-speaking Europe as a leading scientific thinker.1. Which of the following shows the right order of the events that happened to Einstein? a. graduated from the Swiss Federal Institut

31、e of Technology b. moved to Milan c. got a post at the Swiss patent office in Bern d. worked in the University of Zurich e. studied at a secondary school in Aarau f. gave up his German citizenship A. c, b, a, e, d, f B . a, b, f, e, d, c C. b, f, e, a, d, c D. b, f, e, a, c, d 2. How many countries

32、did Einstein stay in before he became successful? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 3. What did Einstein do when he was in the patent office? A. He paid little attention to his work.B. He wrote plenty of scientific works. C. He kept close contact with his friends. D. He read a lot of physics books. 4. Which o

33、f the following do you think played the most important role in Einsteins success? A. His school year in the secondary school in Aarau. B. His years in the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. C. His years in the Swiss patent office. D. His PhD degree. 課堂小結課堂小結本節課的重點句型是：1、neither nor 既不也不2、not/neve

34、r until 直到才3、so that如此以至于4、Only 引導的部分倒裝5、with復合結構本節課的重點語法知識是：過去分詞作定語和表語通過本節課的學習，學生應該掌握以上的5個重點句型，并且學會如何用過去分詞作定語和表語。課后需要通過大量的練習來鞏固課上所學的知識，真正做到學以致用。拓展延伸拓展延伸基礎基礎1. The Olympic Games, _in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be fi

35、rst playing2. Did you attend the meeting _ yesterday? A. to be held B. having been held C. held D. being held3. I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week. I like it very much.A. written B. writing C. was written D. to write4.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table _

36、 already for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid5.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work_, he gladly accepted it.A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished6. From the dates _ on the gold coin, it is confirmed that it was made five hundred

37、 years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked7. Hearing the_ news, we all felt_.A. encouraging; encouraging B. encouraged; encouraged C. encouraged; encouraging D. encouraging; encouraged8. As is known to us all, traveling is_, but we often feel_ when we are back from travel

38、s. A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring. C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired9. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour.A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay10. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recorded B. recordingC. to be r

39、ecorded D. having recorded 鞏固鞏固1. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been knownC. to be known D. known2.With nothing _ to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out.A. leaving B. left C. leave D. to leave3. Linda worked for

40、 the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _as 3M.A. knowing B. knownC. being known D. to be known4.The old man stood there, _.A. with back against the wall B. with his back against the wallC. with back against wall D. his back against wall5. _, he cant go out for a walk as usual.A. With so mu

41、ch work to do B. With so much work doingC. With so much work done D. Without so much work to do6. With a lot of different problems_, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B. settlingC. to settleD. being settled7. The flowers _sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to

42、 the beauty of nature.A. to smell B. smellingC. smelt D. to be smelt8. The picture writing _long ago is hard for us to understand today.A. having been drawn B. being drawnC. was drawn D. drawn9. The man _there is my uncle.A. seat B. seatingC. to seat D. seated10. The first textbooks _for teaching En

43、glish as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. written D. being written拔高拔高1. 我一見到他就把這封信給他。_2. 就在你失去它的時候，你才會懂得時間的寶貴。_3. 她不停地奔跑，汗順著臉頰流了下來。_第2第2講 講偉大的科學家（詞匯和寫作）通過對本節課的學習，你能夠：認識、熟悉幾位不同領域的科學家，進一步了解他們對人類的貢獻及其成通過單詞記憶法熟悉并能夠熟練運用重點單詞和短語；學習人物描寫概 述 概 述 適用學科高中英語適

44、用年級高中二年級適用區域人教新課標版課時時長（分鐘）120知識點現在分詞做狀語學習目標1、知識：認識、熟悉幾位不同領域的科學家，進一步了解他們對人類的貢獻及其成果；2、方法：通過單詞記憶法熟悉并能夠熟練運用重點單詞和短語；3、能力：學習人物描寫。學習重點重點單詞和短語的記憶及正確應用。學習難點將所學的句式應用到寫作當中。學習學習過程一、導入一、導入復習： 1、主謂一致原則：語法一致Air as well as water is matter.空氣和水都是物質。Serving the people is my great happiness.為人民服務是我最大的幸福。Mary is one of

45、 those people who keep pets. 瑪麗是飼養寵物者之一。【測試】Mr. Smith, together with his wife and children, going to China soon.A. was B. were C. is D. Are2、非謂語動詞：動名詞和現在分詞的使用Listening to music is my sisters hobby. 聽音樂是我妹妹的愛好。Do you know the boy playing basketball?你認識在打籃球的那個男孩嗎？Coming into the room, he found his fat

46、her angry. 走進房間，他發現自己的父親在生氣。When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house.當我們回來的時候，我們發現有一個陌生人站在房子的前面。二、知識講解二、知識講解知識點知識點1 詞語辨析1）character/characteristic n. 性格，特點【解釋】character 性格，品質（本身具有的）；角色，人物；字體，字符characteristic 特點，特征（區別于其他事物）【練習】選擇character 或characteristic 并用其適當的形式填空。He prov

47、ed himself true gentleman and the beauty of his _ was seen at its best when he worked with others.People living in the city are different from those in the countryside in _ .What are the _that distinguish the Chinese from the Japanese?Chinese _ attract a great number of foreigners all over the world

48、.The main purpose of a play is to let the _ speak for themselves as much as possible.2）examine/ check /test 檢查【解釋】examine指仔細察看或觀察（以了解情況或是否有問題或毛病）check檢查（含有“校對”或“找錯”的意思）test 檢查，檢測（以某種手段來試一試某人或某物是否達到了一定的標準）【練習】選擇 check , examine 或 test并用其適當的形式填空I was being _ for a driving license for the third time.Th

49、e doctor _ him carefully.The interviewer always _ her facts before sending them to the editor.3）cure/ treat 治療【解釋】cure 表示治愈的結果treat 表示治療的過程【練習】選擇cure 或treat 并用其適當的形式填空After being _ for such a long time, the wound _ at last.4）blame/scold 責備【解釋】blame 責備、譴責，歸咎于強調對某種可以解釋的失誤或不良行為的譴責或懲罰scold “斥責”、“責罵”指大聲呵

50、斥，責備，嘮嘮叨叨地說，常用于長輩對晚輩【練習】選擇blame或scold并用其適當的形式填空Dont _ it on him, but on me.The parents _ the naughty boy and asked him to leave the home at once.5）reject /refuse 拒絕【解釋】reject 后接名詞，（含對被拋棄的東西不屑一顧）refuse 后接名詞，動名詞，可表“謝絕”【練習】選擇refuse 或reject 并用其適當的形式填空The Christian Church _ his theory, saying it was agai

51、nst Gods idea.I cant stand working with Jane in the same office. She just _to stop talking while she works.知識點2 知識點2 重點單詞1）conclude vi.終結；結束；推斷；決定【重點用法】(1) concludeeq blc(avs4alco1(sth.（from sth.）（從中）,（from sth.）that. 推斷出)conclude sth.eq blc(avs4alco1(with sth.,by doing sth.) 以結束to conclude 最后(2) co

52、nclusion n. 結論；結束come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出結論in conclusion 總而言之【典例】The meeting concluded at ten oclock. 會議于十點鐘結束。It is hard to conclude. 這很難斷定。【翻譯句子】我們推定藍隊無法按時抵達目的地。_2）attend v. 注意；留意；處理(與to連用)=do with 出席；到場 照看；照料=take care of; look after【重點用法】attend a meeting/a lecture/church參加會議/聽講座/做禮拜att

53、end on/upon sb. 伺候某人；照顧某人attend to 處理；傾聽；專心于；照顧【典例】 I am so sorry that I wont be able to attend the lecture on American history tomorrow afternoon.非常抱歉我明天下午不能去聽關于美國歷史的演講了。 She was praised for having attended on her sick mother-in-law for over thirty years. 她伺候生病的婆婆三十多年，受到人們的稱贊。 Well attend to the pr

54、oblem later. 稍后我們將關注那個問題。 Which doctor is attending you? 哪一個醫生為你看病?【翻譯】他們在我們不在時管理事務。_他在這個領域很出名，今晚會有成千上萬的敬仰者參加他的講座。_3）expose vt.使暴露，顯露；曝光；揭露【重點用法】expose.to使顯露；暴露be exposed to 暴露于；處于危險中expose sth.to sb. 向某人揭發某事【典例】 A real artist can always expose his students to good art and music. 稱職的藝術家總能使學生接觸美好的藝術和

55、音樂。 This film has been exposed. 這片子已經感光。 He exposed the plan to the newspapers.他向幾家報紙透露了這個計劃。 Some people think we shouldnt expose the children to playing computer games.一些人認為我們不應該讓孩子們接觸電腦游戲。 As we all know，it is a good idea to be exposed(expose)to the real language environment. 眾所周知，接觸真實的語言環境是個好主意。

56、【練習】用expose的恰當形式填空。The soil was washed away by the flood, _bare rock.The baby was left _the wind and rain.The _of the plot against the President probably saved his life.4）absorb v. 吸收；使（精神）貫注；占用（時間）【重點用法】absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意o. 把吸收進absorbed adj. 全神貫注的(be)absorbed in. 全神貫注于【典例】The equipment ca

57、n absorb moisture from the air. 這一設備能從空中吸收水分。He is absorbed in study. 他專心讀書。This job absorbs all of my time. 這件工作占用了我的全部時間。【翻譯句子】顏色豐富的東西總能輕易地吸引孩子們的注意力。_這雙新鞋特別設計了吸收能量的作用。_5）blame vt.責備；譴責；歸咎于； n. 責怪；（過失、過錯等）責任【重點用法】 (1)blame sb.for sth.因某事責備某人blame sth.on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人身上be to blame(for.) 應承擔責任；該受責備 (用

58、主動形式表被動意義)(2)bear/take the blame for.對負責lay/put the blame for sth.on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人身上【典例】The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday. 那個粗心的司機該為昨天發生的交通事故負責。Who is to blame for the failure? 誰該為這次的失敗負責?The student blamed the teacher for his failure. 學生因失敗而怪老師。【重點用法】blame

59、sb. for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而指責某人blame sth. on sb. 因某事而指責某人sb. be to blame for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事某人應該受到譴責；【注意】be to blame 應負責(無被動形式)。【翻譯句子】看來霍亂的流行要歸罪于飲用水了._這件事誰也不能怨._6）instruct vt.教導；指示【典例】Miss Liu instructed a class in math last year. 劉老師去年給一個班學生上數學課。The volunteers often go to an orphan home to instruc

60、t orphans in English.這些志愿者經常去孤兒之家去教他們英語。【翻譯句子】老職工對青年職工言傳身教。_同時要求孩子們放學后留在教室里。_7）contribute vi. &vt.捐助，捐獻，貢獻；投稿【重點用法】contribute sth.to.把某物捐獻給contribute to 為做出貢獻；有助于；導致；為撰稿contribution n. 捐獻；貢獻；投稿make a contribution/contributions to 對做出貢獻【典例】He contributed to the church. 他向教會捐款。He often contributes to