1、精選課件1IELTS WritingSunny Gao精選課件2Chapter 1 預(yù)備知識Work in pairs to decide whether these statements about IELTS are true or false.1. Grammar is the most important assessment criteria in writing. 2. IELTS Examiners can tell when someone is giving a memorized answer. 3. IELTS and TOEFL both use examiners t

2、o assess writing and speaking. 4. Your IELTS score in China will vary depending on which city you take the test.5. IELTS scores are carefully monitored and many are double checked. FTTFT精選課件3Chapter 1 預(yù)備知識學(xué)術(shù)類雅思寫作考試內(nèi)容類別官方建議時間字?jǐn)?shù)題材學(xué)術(shù)類Task 1 20 min150字以上圖表作文學(xué)術(shù)類Task 240 min250字以上議論文或報告精選課件4Task 2 議論文兩種形式

3、 Argumentation 80%1. 題目給出一方觀點（反方觀點隱含），問lDo you agree or disagree?lTo what extent do you agree or disagree?l例：In order to learn a language well, we should learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2. 題目中給出雙方觀點，要求

4、分析正反方觀點后做出結(jié)論Some say Others argue that What is your opinion?Discuss both views and give your opinion.Express some reasons for both views and give your opinion.Do you think its advantages outweigh the disadvantages?精選課件5Task 2 中報告 Report ，出現(xiàn)概率為20%題目中沒有觀點，只給出一種現(xiàn)象，讓考生分析該現(xiàn)象的causes, solutions, effects .

5、通常題目的標(biāo)志詞為What are？例子：Today, there are more images of disasters and violence in the media. What are the causes and what are your solutions?精選課件6 雅思寫作評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)精選課件7TRTask responseTA -Task achievementCCCoherence and CohesionLRLexical resourceGRGrammatical range and accuracy 雅思寫作評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)精選課件8IELTS TASK 2 Writing

6、 band descriptorsBand Task Achievement Coherence and Cohesion Lexical Resource Grammatical Range and Accuracy765精選課件9Task Achievement精選課件10Coherence and Cohesion 精選課件11Lexical Resource 精選課件12Grammatical Range and Accuracy精選課件13Comments on Sample Script 2 (International Tourism)Band 7TA: The candidat

7、e addresses both aspects of the task and presents a clear position throughout the response. Main ideas are generally clear and relevant, although some supporting ideas lack focus (as in the opening of paragraph 2). CC: Ideas are generally well-organised, and there is a clear overall progression with

8、 only minor lapses where points are not well-integrated into the argument. A range of cohesive devices is used effectively, although there is some under-use of connectives and substitution, and some lapses in the use of referencing. LR: A good range of vocabulary is used with some flexibility and pr

9、ecision. The candidate has a good awareness of style and collocation, although occasional awkward expressions or inappropriacies in word choice and word form limit the rating. GRA: Likewise, a good range of sentence structures is used with a high level of accuracy resulting in frequent error-free se

10、ntences. Minor systematic errors persist, however, and punctuation is unhelpful at times精選課件14Comments on Sample Script 3 (International Tourism)Band 5TA: The input material is directly copied as an introduction to this response, and once this is deducted from the word count, the response is under-l

11、ength at 194 words and so loses marks. Nevertheless, the topic is addressed and a relevant position is expressed, although there are patches (as in third paragraph) where the development is unclear. Other ideas are more evidently relevant, but are sometimes insufficiently developed. These ideas are

12、clearly organised and there is an overall progression within the response. CC: There is some effective use of a range of cohesive devices, including referencing, but there is also some mechanical over-use of linkers in places. Paragraphs are sometimes rather too short and inappropriate. LR: A range

13、of vocabulary is attempted and this is adequate for a good response to the task. However, control is weak, and there are frequent spelling errors which can cause some difficulties for the reader, thus keeping the rating down for the lexical criterion. GRA: The candidate uses a mix of simple and comp

14、lex structures with frequent subordinate clauses. Control of complex structures is variable, and although errors are noticeable, they only rarely impede understanding of the message,精選課件15Practice 劍橋雅思7 P169請判斷考官是怎樣給這份試卷打出5分的？評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)考官評語對應(yīng)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)描述得分評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Task responseCoherence &CohesionLexical Resource

15、Grammatical Range and Accuracy其他Under length/Off-topic/ Illegible 精選課件16評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)考官評語對應(yīng)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)描述得分評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)TRIt does not address all parts of the questionAddresses the task only partially 5C&C正評價(6分）+there is also a lot of repetition due to inadequate use of referencing and substitutionmay be repetitive beca

16、use of lack of referencing and substitution 5.5LRThe high level of repetition indicates limitations in range of vocabularyUses a limited range of vocabulary 5GRAThe answer includes attempts at complex sentence forms, but+正評價nevertheless, there are examples of accurate complex structures （6分）Attempts

17、 complex sentences but these tend to be less accurate 5.5其他 Less than 250 words扣0.5總分（5+5.5+5+5.5）/4=5.25 5.55.5-0.5=5精選課件17其他預(yù)備知識1. 格式：不用抄題目，齊頭格式2. 縮寫： 不要使用were , cant , dont 等縮寫，應(yīng)使用正式文體，可以使用全球通用首字母縮寫，如NBA, KFC, WTO等，國內(nèi)通用的不可以寫，如CET-43. 數(shù)字：十以下數(shù)字用英語單詞表示4. 標(biāo)點符號： 、 “Avatar” , ， and so on5. I , My, We,

18、You的使用精選課件186. 美式和英式拼寫-re 與ercentercentre theater-theatre -our 與 orcolorfulcolourful laborlabour-ise, -isation 與 ize, -izationrealizerealise organizationorganisation-ce與-selicenselicence defensedefence 英式在美式拼寫中被簡化programme-program traveller-traveler其他預(yù)備知識精選課件19雅思寫作流程5+33+25分鐘構(gòu)思，寫提綱 （寫作觀點，2個主要論據(jù)，1個例子

19、）33分鐘寫作2分鐘檢查 語法：主謂一致，標(biāo)點詞匯：用同義詞和代詞（it,them)替換重復(fù)過多的單詞邏輯：是否需要在句子中添加therefore, moreover, in contrast等linking words精選課件20練習(xí)：請利用在本節(jié)課學(xué)到的內(nèi)容找出下面句練習(xí)：請利用在本節(jié)課學(xué)到的內(nèi)容找出下面句子的錯誤。子的錯誤。1. 下面的句子從寫作風(fēng)格看存在什么問題？Mobile phones are so important to our lives. Everyone should use mobile phones!2. 請在下面的兩個句子中間加上一個恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞將其改寫為復(fù)雜句：A

20、ir pollution is increasingly serious. Measures should be taken to tackle this problem.3. 請迅速找出下面句子里的拼寫錯誤：The color scheme of this design is not very organised.4. 請找出下面句子的非正式詞匯并替換：Lots of rivers and lakes have been severely polluted.5. 請改寫下面句子中的詞匯使其用詞更正式：The crime rate in cities is higher and higher,

21、 so the advantages of these security measures are more than disadvantages.精選課件21Chapter 2 語法與從句 考官最敏感的三大語法錯誤 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)孤立出現(xiàn)。請判斷下列翻譯是否正確 ：“狗是朋友。 ” Dog is friend. Dogs are friends.A dog is a friend. The dog is a friend. 精選課件22 主謂不一致The growing use of computers_causing enormous changes in work. (be)Watchin

22、g TV and playing computer games _one of the most important childrens leisure activities. (be)How we can cope with these problems _an interesting issue. (be) 逗號不能連接兩個獨立的句子。isisare精選課件23練習(xí)： 請找出下列句子的語法錯誤（每句僅有一個錯誤）1. Allow employees to work from home can help employers to reduce costs. 2. Because many p

23、arents do not spend enough time with their children. 3. Some companies have plans to replace for their human workers with robots. 4. The Internet is a useful educational tool, spending too much time online is harmful to children. Allowing-Allowing刪掉 Because刪掉 forAlthough the精選課件245. The results of s

24、pace research has also increased our knowledge about our own planet. 6. An ageing population means an increased tax burden for worked adults. 7. Students are expected to sit quietly and pay attention on their teacher. 8. They argue that, large cities offer a higher standard of living. 9. These activ

25、ities can improve students foreign language skills. has-haveworked-workingon-to刪掉 ，studentsstudents精選課件25復(fù)合句的寫作1. 什么是復(fù)合句？I love you. I love you, and you love me. I love you that you love me. 簡單句并列句 and/or/but復(fù)合句精選課件26復(fù)合句是不是越多越好？劍橋雅思考官范文平均每篇12句話簡單句 2句并列句 2句從句 8句平實通順簡單句、并列句和基礎(chǔ)的復(fù)雜句易懂把意思表達(dá)清楚不長也不難不要讓考官數(shù)詞

26、數(shù)到手軟精選課件27高分復(fù)合句1. 賓語從句賓語從句Many people believe that we have developed into a “throw-away society”.This means that change is not always a personal option, but an inescapable fact of life. While there are both benefits and drawbacks to a multicultural society, it is safe to say that the pros out weigh

27、the cons.Traditionally, the approach has been to punish criminals by placing them in prisons to pay for what they have done.精選課件282. 狀語從句狀語從句If 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句如果學(xué)生想知道具體的職業(yè)信息，他們無需坐在教室里就可以得到。如果一個人失去工作仍能獲得幫助，或者一個少數(shù)民族仍能夠獲得和其他人一樣的成功機會，那我們才可以說這個國家是進步的。If a student wants to learn about job-specific info

28、rmation, they do not need to sit in a classroom to get it. If a person loses a job but get assistance, or a minority still has an equal opportunity of success, then we can say this country is advanced. 精選課件29While 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句盡管經(jīng)濟的進步使我們的生活變得舒適，但同時也使社會在財富分配中產(chǎn)生了兩極分化。盡管傳統(tǒng)建筑外觀美觀，但通常內(nèi)部使用起來卻并不是很方便。W

29、hile the economic development has made our life more comfortable, it has also polarized the society in the distribution of wealth.While traditional buildings might look nice from the outside, they are often not very user-friendly. 精選課件303. 定語從句定語從句who 引導(dǎo)，修飾引導(dǎo)，修飾“人人”Those who feel that sports stars s

30、alaries are justified might argue that the professionals with real talent are very few. Student without teachers will surely be lost; but students who simply rely on teachers for knowledge are not really learning. Children who enter school at an early age are generally more confident and independent

31、 than children who stay at home with their parents. 精選課件31 that 引導(dǎo)，修飾引導(dǎo)，修飾“物物”如何處置罪犯是所有國家和社會都需要面臨的問題。 原本需要人工花費數(shù)月時間完成的工作現(xiàn)在可以由機器人在幾分鐘內(nèi)毫無瑕疵的完成。How to handle criminals is a problem that all countries and societies face. The workload that could take months to finish by manual labor now could be done flaw

32、lessly by robots in minutes. 逗號加逗號加which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句If fuel prices go up, either fewer people will drive or people will drive less, which makes sense for reducing pollution.Demand for various commodities creates a huge market for the local and international businesses, which in turn increase

33、s demand for the labor market. 精選課件324. 主語從句主語從句 whether 引導(dǎo)的主語從句Whether is a controversial issue/ has caused a heated debate. it 引導(dǎo)的主語從句It is obvious that what引導(dǎo)主語從句 + not butWhat most companies and workforces need are not robots, but creative people who can contribute ideas.What the poor countries

34、need most is not money, but advanced technologies and talent in some key areas. 精選課件335. 同位語從句同位語從句The fact that we have different languages demonstrates that we have different cultures. Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about the phenomenon that our kids are spending more time

35、watching TV. 6. 表語從句表語從句 This is because it is the rich and powerful people in our society who are able to impose changes. Another reason for this is that old buildings, like native languages, form a cultural identity and keep a unique record of a country. 精選課件34作業(yè)：語法改錯練習(xí)易錯詞選擇練習(xí)判斷練習(xí)定語從句練習(xí)賓語從句練習(xí)精選課件3

36、5Chapter 3 寫作思路哪里來？無話可說沒有思想具體分類法舉反例法1.關(guān)鍵詞法精選課件361. 具體分類法- it dependsMany people use distance-learning programs (study material post, TV, Internet, etc.) to study at home, but some people think that it cannot bring the same benefits of attending college or university. To what extent do you agree or d

37、isagree with this opinion?Individuals can do nothing to improve the environment; only governments and large companies can make a difference. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 精選課件372. 舉反例法only/ -est/ always/ never/ ban/ stopThe only way to improve safety on the road is to impose severe punish

38、ment on driving offenders. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Some people say that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sports facilities. Others, however, say that this would have little effect on public health and that other measures are required. Discuss both

39、 these views and give your own opinion. 精選課件383. 關(guān)鍵詞法身體（健康） VS. 心理 （安全，求知，自信，被尊重）物質(zhì)上 （經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)） VS. 精神上（文化娛樂）International travel is becoming cheaper, and countries are opening their doors to more and more tourists. Do the advantages of increased tourism outweigh its disadvantages?Skill & Efficiency

40、 Technology & SafetyRight & Responsibility Environment & HealthEmployment & Money Culture & Fun精選課件39PracticePlease write down your main ideas or arguments for the following two writing tasks. 1. Some people think that students should focus on a few subjects while others think th

41、ey should study a wide range of subjects. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 2. Some people think the media should stop reporting on details of crime. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 精選課件401. Some people think that students should focus on a few subjects while others think

42、they should study a wide range of subjects. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. Skill & Efficiency: core subjects help students to develop important skillsFocusing on these subjects helps them to gain knowledge quickly Employment & Money : students who have a good understandi

43、ng of a wide range of subjects can find jobs more easily after graduationCulture & Fun: art subjects, such as painting and photography, develop their interest in art. 精選課件412. Some people think the media should stop reporting on details of crime. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Safety: P

44、eople are better informed about criminal activities, which helps them to protect themselves and their communities against crime.Health: Detailed media reports on crime may increase peoples fear of crime. Right & Responsibility:These reports may violate the victims privacy. Media crime reports ar

45、e likely to mislead the public. Money: Such reports can attract more viewers, listeners or readers and increase advertising revenue for media companies. 精選課件42Chapter 4 最簡化15句框架模板 到底要不要模板？模板的好處：操作簡單見效快分?jǐn)?shù)高模板的缺點：結(jié)構(gòu)死板千篇一律有被判定“Memorized”的可能性精選課件43最簡化15句框架模板脫胎于官方7分以上評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)結(jié)構(gòu)固話但句子自由規(guī)范文章的邏輯簡化思維和寫作難度低碳環(huán)保，無毒，無

46、副作用精選課件44A 15-Sentence Solution to IELTS Writing第一段第一段（引出話（引出話題，表達(dá)題，表達(dá)觀點）觀點）1Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about_背景介紹背景介紹2However, whether_is a controversial issue.辯論話題辯論話題3My view is that_寫作觀點寫作觀點第二段第二段（說理）（說理）4First, it is obvious that_原因一，中心句原因一，中心句5(This means that)_具體理由

47、具體理由6So, _所以觀點成立所以觀點成立第三段第三段（舉例）（舉例）7Moreover, _原因二，中心句原因二，中心句8For example, _舉例，越具體越好舉例，越具體越好9_例證解釋說明例證解釋說明第四段第四段（讓步）（讓步）10That is not to say that_not _并不完全否定反方觀點并不完全否定反方觀點11Of course, _承認(rèn)反方觀點的合理性承認(rèn)反方觀點的合理性12But_駁斥反方觀點不合理性駁斥反方觀點不合理性第五段第五段（結(jié)尾）（結(jié)尾）13In sum, _重申觀點重申觀點14Meanwhile, _不能忽視反方觀點不能忽視反方觀點15By

48、doing so we can make sure that_思想升華思想升華精選課件45實戰(zhàn)練習(xí)Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake, regardless of whether the c

49、ourse is useful to an employer. What in your opinion, should be the main function of a university?Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.Write at least 250 words. 精選課件46第一段第1句. Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about

50、the purpose of university education. Tips:Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about the phenomenon thatNowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about the purpose that university education serves.Nowadays, more and more students are concerned about what they will lear

51、n in the universities. Universities are one of the most important institutions in modern society. 精選課件47第一段第2句. A. “是否應(yīng)該”However, whether universities should mainly provide job-related skills to graduates is a controversial issue.B. “是這樣還是應(yīng)該那樣”However, whether universities should mainly provide job-

52、related skills or pure knowledge to graduates has caused heated debate. However, what kind of knowledge and skills universities should mainly provide to graduates is a controversial issue.C. 一些人認(rèn)為另一些人認(rèn)為Some people state that universities should focus on giving access to knowledge; others believe tha

53、t the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace are more important for university graduates. 精選課件48第一段第3句 In my view, My view is that I agree with the view that， for the following reasons. I mainly agree with the former/ latter view for the following reasons. My view is that job-related knowledge

54、 and skills should be the main focus of universities. 精選課件49第二段第1 句 First , it is obvious/ clear that for most students, the purpose of receiving university education is to obtain practical knowledge and skills which will enable them to become qualified employees in the future job market. First, the

55、re is no doubt thatOne reason for this is that 精選課件50第二段第2句1. This is because most of them, after graduation , will enter workplace ,earn a living, and support their own families. (想上一句話的原因）2. This means that the courses focusing on jobs will become the most welcomed subjects which the majority of s

56、tudents will select. (想上一句話的結(jié)果）3. If universities do not pay enough attention to such skills, most graduates will not be able to find satisfactory position in the workplace, leading to a higher unemployment rate.(反證中心句）精選課件51第二段第3句So universities, as service providers, have to give top priority to t

57、hese customers real needs. (重申寫作觀點）OrTherefore, it is necessary/ crucial/ important for universities to give top priority to the students real needs. 精選課件52第三段第1句Moreover/ In addition/ Besides , focusing on the job-related skills can benefit the university itself. 精選課件53第三段第2句For example, the sci-fi

58、 blockbuster Avatar has marked a milestone in the filmmaking industry and drawn massive interest in 3D technology. or For example, 3D technology has become a hot topic after the movie Avatar made the whole world crazy. 精選課件54第三段第3句If a university can quickly respond, and consolidate teaching resourc

59、es to offer courses about 3D, not only will its graduates be more competitive in the job market, but the university itself will keep pace with the technological development and move forward. OrAnother example is 精選課件55第四段第1句1.That is not to say that universities should not pay any attention to devel

60、oping pure science and knowledge. 2. It is also true that universities should develop pure science and knowledge. 3. Those who harbor the view that the main function of universities should be to give access to the knowledge believe that the theoretic knowledge is the foundation of any practical skills. 精選課件56在討論優(yōu)劣勢的作文中，可以使用下列模板This is not to