1、第五章 短文改錯（Correction）第第1、2課時課時題型簡介題型簡介新型高考改錯題是在新型高考改錯題是在2013年首次出現在新課標全國二卷中，和過去的高考年首次出現在新課標全國二卷中，和過去的高考英語改錯題相比較，新舊題型特點如下：英語改錯題相比較，新舊題型特點如下：1.舊題型要求在固定行中找出語言或語言錯誤，而新題型則要求在整篇中找出錯誤。2.舊題型10行中可能有一處正確或全錯，而新題型則在文章中有10處錯誤。3.舊題型相對死板，新題型則相對靈活。4.舊題型相對固定墨守成規和拘束，新題型相對新穎而開放式。5.舊題型相對起點低，模式死板；新題型相對起點高，難度加大，測試效度更強。先學任務

2、先學任務&Warming up:&Warming up:（20092009年海南、寧夏卷）年海南、寧夏卷）Dear Mrs. Winthorp,So my first week at college is over! No lectures this morning so I think Id email you and let you know what things are going. Im glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm. I remember asking for a room as

3、far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor. howeverythingfoundtheThere are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so that we can help each other on the course work. Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here. Well, I had bette

4、r to stop now. Im going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon, for Ive got some preparation to make, Keep in touch. Best,Carolfriendswithwarm去掉mysoStep1:Discussion (group work)Step1:Discussion (group work)短文改錯短文改錯賓語從賓語從句引導句引導詞詞不定代詞不定代詞謂語動詞謂語動詞冠詞冠詞名詞單名詞單復數復數介介詞詞非謂語非謂語動詞動詞形容詞、形容詞、副詞副詞代詞代詞并列連詞并列連詞

5、Step2: Step2: 短文改錯題命題特點短文改錯題命題特點1. 短文內容：短文內容：與學生的學習或生活密切相關，以書信居多。2. 短文長度：短文長度：約100個詞，不少于95詞，也不多于110詞。3. 錯誤設置：錯誤設置：每個句子最多有兩處錯誤，即有的句子無錯，有的句子只有一個錯誤，有的句子有兩個錯誤。注意：一句不會出現三處錯誤。4. 錯誤類型：錯誤類型：1處多詞；1處少詞；8處錯一個詞，即多詞、少詞和錯詞的比例是1:1:8。 多一個詞，要求考生刪除的通常是：冠詞、介詞、連詞、不定式符號、助動詞。 少一個詞，要求考生添加的通常是：冠詞、介詞、連詞、不定式符號、物主代詞。 錯一個詞，要求考

6、生改正。Step3Step3：改錯題解題原則及步驟：改錯題解題原則及步驟總原則：總原則：改動以最少為原則改動以最少為原則; 虛詞以添加或刪除為原則虛詞以添加或刪除為原則; 實詞以改變詞形為原則；以保持句子原意為原則。實詞以改變詞形為原則；以保持句子原意為原則。步驟：步驟：通讀全文，掌握大意通讀全文，掌握大意;整句分析，逐行推敲整句分析，逐行推敲;反復通讀，復查驗證。反復通讀，復查驗證。Step4: Step4: 短文改錯解題技巧短文改錯解題技巧1.語意矛盾：語意矛盾：andbut comego luckilyunluckily herethere unless-if；1. Unfortunat

7、ely, the Twins Towers destroyed on September 11th, 2001 and I would have the chance to see them by myself. 2. More than 1000 paintings will be on show, but high school students and teachers from all the eight districts will come to the event. 3. I am here in Beijing, and I do wish you could go to vi

8、sit China.4. This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to somebody else.一、邏輯關系錯誤一、邏輯關系錯誤orandcomebut2. 2.語意重復：語意重復：becauseso; though-but; repeat-again; becauseso; though-but; repeat-again; improve-better; improve-better; Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same

9、 place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. 1. 錯誤搭配：錯誤搭配：enter into; marry with; in last week; all what; the place where he lives in; the girl whom he works with her; 主主系表系表+to do it. The teacher entered into the classroom, followed by some students.She marri

10、ed with a lawyer in last year. 去掉去掉but去掉去掉into去掉去掉with去掉去掉in二、習慣搭配錯誤二、習慣搭配錯誤2. 固定搭配：固定搭配：give up; stay up; give in; be filled with; tooto; so/suchthat; whetheror not;hardlywhen; no soonerthan；agree with；enjoyoneself等等Immediately the homeless dog filled me of sympathy. They quarreled as they could no

11、t agree each other.It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expecting anything in return.We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. withwithtoto當堂導練一：當堂導練一：1. I like dancing, my brother likes playing basketball.2. Last week, she visited the places where sh

12、e lives in many years ago. 3. Unless you lose heart, youll fail. 4. He wrote to me immediately as soon as he got there.5. Though it was cold, but he went out.6. Living in a dorm can increase friendship and cooperation among classmates, but of course it is safe. and/butinIfimmediatelybutand1. 名詞單復數用錯

13、；可數與不可數名詞的混用：名詞單復數用錯；可數與不可數名詞的混用：They take him lots of good book and fresh fruit.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.2. 動詞：時態和語態的錯誤；及物動詞后無賓語；不及物動詞后多了賓語；動詞：時態和語態的錯誤；及物動詞后無賓語；不及物動詞后多了賓語；需要接需要接ing形式的接了形式的接了to等：等：We must found ways to protect our environment.I had been looking forward

14、to go there for a long time.There were lots of visitors stood in front of the ticket window. We waited for a long time and buy three tickets. booksfindair三、詞法錯誤三、詞法錯誤goingstandingbought3. 形容詞副詞：常出現需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反；原級、比形容詞副詞：常出現需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反；原級、比較級、最高級的錯用：較級、最高級的錯用：Lots of studies have shown that glob

15、al warming has already become a very seriously problem. Unfortunate，I got separated from my parents.The fish has gone bad. It tastes terribly. He has a comfortable room，patiently nurses，and a great deal of time to read.This dancer is much more younger than that one.seriousUnfortunatelyterriblepatien

16、tmore4.介詞：主要是介詞的多余或缺失，錯用介詞：主要是介詞的多余或缺失，錯用(多為固定搭配多為固定搭配)：Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.Tony saw a toy on a shop window. With the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes in our back garden. We have more time with afte

17、r-school activities.withinoffor5.主謂一致性：第三人稱單數漏掉主謂一致性：第三人稱單數漏掉s，或主語為復數，謂語動詞用了，或主語為復數，謂語動詞用了單數；再就是就近原則對主語的影響。單數；再就是就近原則對主語的影響。It is one of the modern city in the world.More than 1000 painting will be on show.There are different train ticket for people to choose from when traveling by train. citiespain

18、tingtickets6. 冠詞：定冠詞冠詞：定冠詞the的多余或缺失，如季節，月份，星期，球類及的多余或缺失，如季節，月份，星期，球類及三餐活動，稱呼頭銜前等三餐活動，稱呼頭銜前等不能加不能加the; same等常和等常和the一起使用；一起使用；a， an不能混用，特別注意：不能混用，特別注意：hour， honest等雖然首字母不是元音字母，等雖然首字母不是元音字母，但其發音卻是以元音素開頭，故但其發音卻是以元音素開頭，故用用an，而，而useful， university， European， onehour等雖然首字母是元音字母，但卻以輔音音素等雖然首字母是元音字母，但卻以輔音音素開

19、頭，故開頭，故用用a。1. And sports center has been built in their place. 2. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.3. I felt really glad that we made difference to the environment.4. The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through. atheaan7.

20、數詞：主要是序數詞與基數詞的混用和錯用，如分數的分子大于數詞：主要是序數詞與基數詞的混用和錯用，如分數的分子大于一時分母沒有用復數等，基數詞的復數形式如幾百一時分母沒有用復數等，基數詞的復數形式如幾百hundreds of，幾，幾千千thousands of漏掉了漏掉了s，或是當其前有具體數字或，或是當其前有具體數字或several時加了復時加了復數，如數，如seven hundred，寫作，寫作seven hundreds。Some people prefer hard seats to soft one.Hundred of students go to visit the place every year.Three thousands students went to study abroad this year.onesHundredsthousand8. 代詞：代詞：1）代詞的）代詞的性、性、數、數、格格的錯用，的錯用，2）形容詞性、名詞性物主）形容詞性、名詞性物主代詞；代詞；3）關系代詞，）關