1、新課標(biāo)人教版課件系列高中英語(yǔ)必修必修5- 5-3.9Important Words & Phrases 1. Now think about what changes you might expect to find in the next one thousand years.現(xiàn)在你考慮一下現(xiàn)在你考慮一下, 一千年之后你料想一千年之后你料想會(huì)發(fā)生什么變化。會(huì)發(fā)生什么變化。 Important words and phrases.expect (sb.) to do sth. 希望希望(某人某人)做某事做某事I expect to be back within a week.I did

2、nt expect him to stay so long.hope to do something 希望做某事希望做某事Joans hoping to study law at Harvard.wish wish to do something 希望做某事希望做某事I wish to make a complaint.wish somebody something 希望某人希望某人We wish them every happiness in their new home.2. by horse or by simple vehicle such as a carriage 騎馬還是乘像四輪

3、馬車這樣的普通騎馬還是乘像四輪馬車這樣的普通交通工具交通工具 such as 如如, 像像這樣的這樣的辨析辨析: such as 與與for examplesuch as用來列舉事物用來列舉事物,常用在列舉的事常用在列舉的事物和前面的名詞之間物和前面的名詞之間,但是所列舉的事但是所列舉的事物的數(shù)量不能等同于前面所提事物的物的數(shù)量不能等同于前面所提事物的總數(shù)總數(shù),否則應(yīng)用否則應(yīng)用that is或或namely；for example主要用來列舉說明主要用來列舉說明,一般只一般只列舉同類人或事物中的列舉同類人或事物中的“一個(gè)一個(gè)”,其位其位置比較靈活置比較靈活,可置于句首、句中或句末可置于句首、句

4、中或句末,用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)隔開用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)隔開, 而而such as只能放在只能放在所列舉事物之前。所列舉事物之前。He knows several languages, such as English, French and German.他懂幾種語(yǔ)言他懂幾種語(yǔ)言, 像英語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)。像英語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)。Some students, for example, John, lives in the neighborhood. 有些學(xué)生有些學(xué)生, 比如約翰比如約翰, 住在這個(gè)地區(qū)。住在這個(gè)地區(qū)。3. made of wood and mud; no bathrooms 用木頭和泥做的用木頭和泥做的;

5、沒有浴室沒有浴室 be made of 由由制造制造 This knife is made of metal and woods. 這把刀是由金屬和木頭合制而成的。這把刀是由金屬和木頭合制而成的。辨析辨析: be made of (from) 與與be made intobe made of “由由制成制成”表示能看出表示能看出原材料來的原材料來的;be made from “由由制制成成”,表示看不出原材料的表示看不出原材料的;be made into “把把制成制成”, 其賓語(yǔ)是其賓語(yǔ)是“成品成品”;而而be made of (from) 的賓語(yǔ)是材料的賓語(yǔ)是材料be made up of

6、 由由制成制成 make out 辨認(rèn)出辨認(rèn)出, 看出看出,理解理解,了解了解make up for 補(bǔ)償補(bǔ)償, 彌補(bǔ)彌補(bǔ)4. I still cannot believe that I am taking up my prize that was won last year.我還是無(wú)法相信我是在接受去年獲得我還是無(wú)法相信我是在接受去年獲得的這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。的這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。 When does the new manager take up his job?Sorry , I have taken up you too much time.He wants to take up art in colle

7、ge. He decided to take up photography as his career.Do you intend to take up his offer of a job?開始某項(xiàng)工作開始某項(xiàng)工作占用占用(時(shí)間或空間時(shí)間或空間)選修選修從事從事接受接受 office apart in it easytake back down notes away aim就職就職拆開拆開吸收，留宿吸收，留宿別著急別著急收回收回取下取下,記下記下作筆記作筆記拿走拿走瞄準(zhǔn)瞄準(zhǔn) out notice of it for granted hold of take steps to do sth s

8、b as., advantage of a deep breath拿出拿出注意注意想當(dāng)然的認(rèn)為想當(dāng)然的認(rèn)為抓住抓住采取措施做某事采取措施做某事把某人當(dāng)作把某人當(dāng)作利用利用深呼吸深呼吸 pride in ones chance trouble to do sthtake over pity on sb turns to do sth以以為榮為榮碰運(yùn)氣碰運(yùn)氣不辭勞苦去做某事不辭勞苦去做某事接管接管憐憫某人憐憫某人輪流去做某事輪流去做某事take up 舉起舉起, 拿起拿起, 抬起抬起; 對(duì)對(duì)有興趣有興趣;從屬于從屬于;占據(jù)時(shí)間、空間占據(jù)時(shí)間、空間 John took up writing at s

9、chool. The work took up a whole day. Please take the piano out, it _too much room. A. picks up B. makes up C. takes up D. takes on5. I have to constantly rub my eyes to remind myself that I have travelled to the year AD 3005. 我得不斷擦拭自己的眼睛來提醒自我得不斷擦拭自己的眼睛來提醒自己己, 我已到了公元我已到了公元3005年。年。 remind sb. of/about

10、 sth. 使某人想起某事使某人想起某事reminded her of college days. 使她回想起了大學(xué)里的日子使她回想起了大學(xué)里的日子remind sb. to do sth 提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事must remind him to call 必須讓他記著打電話必須讓他記著打電話區(qū)別區(qū)別: remind, remember, recallremind 指指“由于受到提醒或啟發(fā)而想由于受到提醒或啟發(fā)而想起往事起往事”remember指指“過去的事情仍在記憶中過去的事情仍在記憶中, 不必費(fèi)勁就能想起不必費(fèi)勁就能想起”, 記住記住recall 較較 remember 正式正式,

11、 指指“對(duì)自己或他人的對(duì)自己或他人的 過去進(jìn)行有意義的回憶過去進(jìn)行有意義的回憶”。6. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.我很擔(dān)心這次旅行我很擔(dān)心這次旅行, 所以頭幾天心里總所以頭幾天心里總是不踏實(shí)。是不踏實(shí)。 worried about the journey 為過去分詞為過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),在此處作原因狀語(yǔ)。在此處作原因狀語(yǔ)。 worried adj. 焦慮的煩惱的擔(dān)憂的焦慮的煩惱的擔(dān)憂的; worrisome adj. 使人煩惱的使人煩惱的,焦慮的焦慮的 7. As a result, I

12、 suffered from “time lag”. 結(jié)果我得了時(shí)間滯后癥。結(jié)果我得了時(shí)間滯后癥。 as a result (of): because of something that has happened 作為作為的結(jié)果的結(jié)果,由于由于 It snowed, as a result, she was late. 天下雪天下雪, 因此她遲到了。因此她遲到了。result from 起因于起因于 result in 導(dǎo)致某事導(dǎo)致某事,造成某事造成某事(=lead to)suffer from: to experience (something unpleasant, such as an

13、illness), especially over a long period of time or habitually 患有患有(疾病等疾病等);為為所苦所苦,因因而吃苦頭。而吃苦頭。She suffers from headache. 她患頭痛病。她患頭痛病。辨析辨析: suffer與與suffer fromsuffer 意為遭受苦痛意為遭受苦痛,損失損失,忍受侮辱等忍受侮辱等,其其賓語(yǔ)為賓語(yǔ)為pain, lose, grief, insult, punishment, wrong, hardship, injustice, discouragement, disappointment,

14、 setback, suffer from 遭受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)遭受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),自然災(zāi)害帶來的苦自然災(zāi)害帶來的苦難及患病之意。難及患病之意。suffer from the war / the flood/ a headache 遭受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)遭受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),洪水之苦洪水之苦/患頭病；患頭病；suffer (from) cold and hunger 遭受寒冷和遭受寒冷和饑餓饑餓(派派) suffering n. 痛苦痛苦,苦惱苦惱;勞苦勞苦,困難困難8. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get when flying, but instead it means you keep g

15、etting flashbacks from your previous time period. 這種病有些像乘噴氣式飛機(jī)高速飛行這種病有些像乘噴氣式飛機(jī)高速飛行時(shí)所引起的時(shí)差反應(yīng)那樣，所不同的時(shí)所引起的時(shí)差反應(yīng)那樣，所不同的是是,它意味著你的腦海里不停地從以它意味著你的腦海里不停地從以前的時(shí)間段一直往回閃去。前的時(shí)間段一直往回閃去。keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事繼續(xù)做某事It kept raining for a week. 接連下了一星期雨。接連下了一星期雨。 辨析辨析:keep doing sth. 與與keep on doing sth.這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)都表示每隔一段時(shí)間就發(fā)生

16、這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)都表示每隔一段時(shí)間就發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作,這時(shí)可互換這時(shí)可互換;keep doing sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性和客觀性動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性和客觀性,而而keep on doing sth.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的重復(fù)性或動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的重復(fù)性或動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者 的決心的決心,常含有一定的感情色彩常含有一定的感情色彩;keep doing sth. 還可以表示持續(xù)不間斷還可以表示持續(xù)不間斷的狀態(tài)和動(dòng)作的狀態(tài)和動(dòng)作;而而keep on doing sth. 無(wú)無(wú)其用法。其用法。He kept on smoking after the doctor told him to stop.醫(yī)生已經(jīng)勸他戒煙醫(yī)生已經(jīng)勸他

17、戒煙, 可他仍繼續(xù)抽煙。可他仍繼續(xù)抽煙。keep away from 不接近不接近;避開避開 keep back 留在后面留在后面,不上前不上前;隱瞞隱瞞keep off 不接近不接近,擋住擋住 keep out (of) 使在外使在外keep up 跟上跟上;趕上趕上;保持保持 keep up with 跟上跟上;不落人之后不落人之后9. The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink, which made us sleepy, our eyes closed. 座位是很舒適的座位是很舒適的, 喝了點(diǎn)鎮(zhèn)靜劑后喝了點(diǎn)鎮(zhèn)靜劑后,我們我們

18、的眼睛閉上了的眼睛閉上了, 感到昏昏欲睡似的。感到昏昏欲睡似的。 which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行修飾先行詞詞drink. make+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)(adj., p.p., n.) As a foreign student, can you make yourself understood in Chinese? Helen had to shout _above the sound of the music. (2004.全國(guó)全國(guó)III) A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making hers

19、elf heard D. to make herself heard10. Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. 新的環(huán)境把我弄得心煩意亂的新的環(huán)境把我弄得心煩意亂的,由于缺乏新由于缺乏新鮮空氣鮮空氣, 我感到受不了。我感到受不了。 confused by the new surroundings 為過去為過去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)分詞作原因狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于because引導(dǎo)的從引導(dǎo)的從句句 I was confused by the new surroundings. 如如: Deeply mov

20、ed by the story, the children began to cry._by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. (2004 遼寧遼寧)A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be attracted D. Having attractedsurrounding adj. in surrounding areasurroundings n. 只用復(fù)數(shù)只用復(fù)數(shù) surroundings 影響生活質(zhì)素的影響生活質(zhì)素

21、的,某地某地人身人身邊的一切事物邊的一切事物The house is situated in very pleasant surroundings.environment 人們所在的影響其感覺及人們所在的影響其感覺及發(fā)展的物質(zhì)、社會(huì)環(huán)境發(fā)展的物質(zhì)、社會(huì)環(huán)境;自然環(huán)境自然環(huán)境new laws to prevent the pollution of the environment辨析辨析: beat, hit與與strikebeat指連續(xù)地打指連續(xù)地打;hit側(cè)重指?jìng)?cè)重指“擊中擊中”,有有時(shí)也指時(shí)也指“打一下打一下”;strike常指常指“猛地一猛地一擊擊”。“敲鑼敲鑼”要用要用strike;“打

22、鼓打鼓”要要用用beat;“敲門敲門”要用要用knock;“鐘敲幾點(diǎn)鐘敲幾點(diǎn)”要用要用strike;比喻意思的比喻意思的“打擊打擊”要用要用give (deal) a blow to sb.lack: 1). v. not have, to be without, not have enough of sth that is needed or wanted. He is good at his job but sometimes he seems to lack confidence.2). n. the state of not having enough of sth The plant

23、s died for/through/by/ lack of water.be lacking in sth=lack sth 缺乏缺乏,不足不足, 11. ache He has an ache in his back. My body was all aches and pains. cure an ache 治好疼痛治好疼痛 feel aches 感到疼感到疼 suffer from an ache 遭受疼痛遭受疼痛His back aches/ is aching.My body ached all over.n.n.v.v.12. I felt better in no time.

24、我立刻感到舒服多了。我立刻感到舒服多了。 in on time: very quickly 立刻立刻;馬上馬上 They will be back in no time. 他們馬上就會(huì)回來。他們馬上就會(huì)回來。 all the time 一直一直, 始終始終 at a time 依次依次, 逐一逐一, 每次每次at all times 隨時(shí)隨時(shí),永遠(yuǎn)永遠(yuǎn)at one time 從前從前 at times 有時(shí)有時(shí) behind the times 過時(shí)的過時(shí)的,落伍的落伍的for the time being 暫且暫且, 眼下眼下 from time to time 不時(shí)不時(shí),偶爾偶爾,間或間或

25、 in good time 不消多久不消多久 no time to lose 刻不容緩刻不容緩 on time 按時(shí)按時(shí)13. There were so many carriages that I lost sight of Wang Ping. lost sight of 1)看不見看不見 It was so dark he lost sight of him at once. Ive lost sight of Smith. 2)忘記，忘記， 忽略忽略 No matter how rich and famous he became, he never lost sight of the

26、fact that he had been born in the slums.拓展：拓展：catch sight of 望見，看到望見，看到in sight 在視線內(nèi)在視線內(nèi)out of sight 看不見了看不見了set ones sight 目標(biāo)，想達(dá)到目標(biāo)，想達(dá)到take sight 瞄準(zhǔn)瞄準(zhǔn)within sight of 已能看到，在已能看到，在在望在望14. Just relax as there is plenty of oxygen here. 這兒氧氣充足這兒氧氣充足, 你可以你可以好好休息一下。好好休息一下。 plenty of “充足的充足的,相當(dāng)多的相當(dāng)多的”,通常通常

27、只用于肯定句只用于肯定句,后可接可數(shù)名詞后可接可數(shù)名詞,也可也可接不可數(shù)名詞。接不可數(shù)名詞。plenty of作主語(yǔ)時(shí)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞跟謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞跟of后的名詞一致。后的名詞一致。There is plenty of coal in this area. 這個(gè)地區(qū)有豐富的煤。這個(gè)地區(qū)有豐富的煤。Plenty of foreign firms have set up factories here. 很多外國(guó)公司已在這里開辦工廠了。很多外國(guó)公司已在這里開辦工廠了。“許多許多”修飾可數(shù)名詞修飾可數(shù)名詞:many, many a (n), a great/ good many, a good/ lar

28、ge number of, the majority of“許多許多”修飾不可數(shù)名詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞: a good/ great deal of, a large amount of, amounts of, a lot of/ lots of, much“許多許多”修飾可數(shù)修飾可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞: a quantity of/ quantities of, plenty of, a supply of, supplies of15. Have a class discussion and decide whether you think the writer has an optim

29、istic or a pessimistic view of the future. 全班同學(xué)討論一下全班同學(xué)討論一下, 斷定作者對(duì)未來斷定作者對(duì)未來持有樂觀還是悲觀的態(tài)度。持有樂觀還是悲觀的態(tài)度。adj. believe that good things will happen in the future 樂觀的樂觀的,樂觀主義的樂觀主義的(常與常與about連用連用)The experts are optimistic that we will succeed. 那些專家們對(duì)我們的成功抱有樂觀態(tài)度。那些專家們對(duì)我們的成功抱有樂觀態(tài)度。We should be optimistic abou

30、t our life.optimisticadj. expected that bad things will happen in the future or that a situation will have a bad result 悲觀的悲觀的,悲觀主義悲觀主義的的(常與常與about連用連用)There is no reason to be pessimistic about the future. 沒有理由對(duì)未來悲觀。沒有理由對(duì)未來悲觀。pessimistic16. Be prepared to join in a class discussion. 一定準(zhǔn)備好參加班級(jí)討論。一定準(zhǔn)

31、備好參加班級(jí)討論。 join in 參加參加, 加入加入 She burst into song. Several passengers also joined in. 她唱了起來她唱了起來, 幾位乘客也跟著唱了起來。幾位乘客也跟著唱了起來。辨析辨析: join in, take part in與與join join in與與take part in 都可以作都可以作“參加參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)”講。講。join加入某個(gè)組織，并成加入某個(gè)組織，并成為其中的一員；為其中的一員；join in參加小型的活動(dòng)參加小型的活動(dòng), join sb. in；take part in 參加大型的活動(dòng)參加大型的活

32、動(dòng) He joined the army five years ago. He joined us in the discussion . Liu Xiang will take part in the 2008 Olympic.1. A machine usually with wheels and an engine which is used for transporting people or goods on land, particularly on roads. = 2. To make use of (the prize)= 3. To be carried away =vehicle to take up to be swept upLearning about