1、Words and expressions adv. 曾經；從來；在任曾經；從來；在任 何時候何時候 v. （使）參加；（使）（使）參加；（使） 報名報名 n. 比賽；競爭比賽；競爭 n. 獎品；獎項獎品；獎項 一等獎一等獎everentercompetitionprizefirst prize Words and expressions dreamafford write about make up invite n. 夢；夢想；夢；夢想；只用于只用于名詞前名詞前夢寐以求的夢寐以求的 v. 做夢；夢到；夢想做夢；夢到；夢想 v.（有財力）買得起，（有財力）買得起， 付得起付得起 編寫；寫作編

2、寫；寫作 編寫；創作編寫；創作 v. 邀請邀請competition n. 比賽，競賽比賽，競賽prize n. 獎品，獎項獎品，獎項first prizepity n. 可惜，遺憾可惜，遺憾Whats this video about?Its about a speaking competition.Did you see the speaking competition before?Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.Are they entering the writing competition?Yes, they are.Are you interested in

3、the speaking competition?Yes, I am. / No, I am not. everexcitingtiredvisitwonderful145231. Lingling has visited / hasnt ever visited the US.2. Betty has asked / hasnt asked her parents.3. Lingling has travelled / hasnt travelled by plane.現在完成時現在完成時一、一、 現在完成時定義：現在完成時定義：強調過去發生的強調過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響或結果。動作對

4、現在造成的影響或結果。例如：例如：Betty went to the park yesterday.(強調去強調去公園的動作發生在昨天）公園的動作發生在昨天）Betty has been to the park before.(強調不強調不僅去過公園，而且了解公園的狀況）僅去過公園，而且了解公園的狀況）二、二、 現在完成時的謂語結構：現在完成時的謂語結構： have/has + 動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞例如：例如： Ive always wanted to go on a dream holiday.句中的謂語結構為：句中的謂語結構為：have wantedLingling has vis

5、ited the US.句中的謂語結構為：句中的謂語結構為：has visited三、過去分詞的構成三、過去分詞的構成 規則動詞過去分詞的構成規則與規則動詞規則動詞過去分詞的構成規則與規則動詞過去式的構成規則相同。過去式的構成規則相同。1. 動詞一般在詞尾加動詞一般在詞尾加“-ed”。如：如： workworkedworked2. 以以“e”結尾的動詞，詞尾加結尾的動詞，詞尾加“-d”。 如：如： livelivedlived3. 以以“輔音字母輔音字母+ y”結尾的動詞，將結尾的動詞，將“y”變為變為 “i”，再加，再加“-ed”。如：如：crycriedcried4. 以重讀閉音節結尾，末

6、尾只有一個輔音字母，以重讀閉音節結尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“-ed”。如：如： stopstoppedstopped四、句式結構四、句式結構 肯定句式肯定句式: 主語主語+have/has+動詞過去分詞動詞過去分詞+其他。其他。They have seen the Pyramids.2. 否定句式否定句式: 主語主語+have / has+not+動詞過去分詞動詞過去分詞+ 其他。其他。have not 和和has not 分別縮寫為分別縮寫為havent和和hasnt。He hasnt visited the France yet. 3. 一般疑

7、問句式一般疑問句式: Have / Has+主語主語+動詞過去分詞動詞過去分詞+其他其他? 肯定答語為肯定答語為Yes, 主語主語+have / has.; 否定答否定答語為語為No, 主語主語+havent / hasnt.Have you ever seen the Great Wall?Have you entered a competition?Have you ever won any prizes before?Ive stopped trying now.That sounds wonderful, but I havent travelled much.Observe the

8、following sentences and get the structure of the present perfect tense.現在完成時基本結構：現在完成時基本結構：主語主語+has/have+過去分詞過去分詞 Lets practiseA: Have you.? B: Yes, I have. / No, I havent.A: Has he/ she ? B: Yes, he/she has. / No, he/she hasnt.wash your teethwashed your teethA: Have you.? B: Yes, I have. / No, I ha

9、vent. A: Have you.? B: Yes, I have. / No, I havent.ride a horseridden a horse read a book read a bookA: Has she?B: Yes, she has./No, she hasnt.have a piece of pizzaA: Have they?B: Yes, they have./No, they havent.had a piece of pizzaA: Has she ?B: Yes, she has./No, she hasnt. listen to musiclistened

10、to musicvisit the White Housevisited the White HouseA: Have you ?B: Yes, I have./No, I havent. 1. Have you ever won any prizes before?2. Ive always wanted to go on a dream holiday.在對話中找到含有現在完成時的句子。在對話中找到含有現在完成時的句子。3. Ive also entered lots of speaking competitions, but havent won any prizes.4. Ive st

11、opped trying now.5. Have you ever thought about other kinds of competitions?6. But I havent travelled much. I am entering a competition. 我正參加一個比賽。我正參加一個比賽。 enter表示表示“參加，報名參加，報名”。還表示。還表示“進進入入”。e.g. Several of the worlds finest runners have entered the race. 幾名世界最優秀幾名世界最優秀 的運動員已報名參加比賽。的運動員已報名參加比賽。 The

12、 thieves entered the building by the back door. 小偷從后門進入大樓。小偷從后門進入大樓。2. The first prize is “My dream holiday”. 一等獎是一等獎是“我的夢想假期我的夢想假期”。 dream n. 夢；夢想（只用于名詞前）夢寐夢；夢想（只用于名詞前）夢寐以求的以求的v. dreamed, dreamed/dreamt, dreamt 做夢，做夢，夢到，夢想夢到，夢想e.g. I had a strange dream last night. 我昨晚做了個奇怪的夢。我昨晚做了個奇怪的夢。 I dreamt I

13、 was flying to the moon at this time of yesterday. 昨晚的這個時候我夢見我正飛往月球。昨晚的這個時候我夢見我正飛往月球。3. Have you ever won any prizes before? 你以前曾經得過獎嗎？你以前曾經得過獎嗎？ ever表示表示“曾經曾經”。是現在完成時的標是現在完成時的標 志。通常用于一般疑問句中。志。通常用于一般疑問句中。 “have/has +主語主語+ever + 過去分詞過去分詞”，用用 于詢問某人過去的經歷。于詢問某人過去的經歷。e.g. Have you ever been to Paris? No,

14、 never. / Yes, I have. 你去過巴黎嗎？你去過巴黎嗎？ 沒有沒有/ 去過。去過。4. But I cant afford it. 但是我付不起。但是我付不起。 afford v. （有財力）付得起，買得起（有財力）付得起，買得起 常與常與can, could, able to 連用。連用。e.g. I just cant afford the time. 我花不起這個時間。我花不起這個時間。5. Ive stopped trying now. 我已經不再嘗試了。我已經不再嘗試了。stop doing sth. 表示表示“停止正在做的事情停止正在做的事情”stop to do

15、 sth. 表示表示“停下正在做的事去做停下正在做的事去做 另件事另件事”e.g. The two girls stopped talking when they saw me. 那兩個女孩一見到我就停止了講話。那兩個女孩一見到我就停止了講話。 The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me. 那兩個女孩一見到我就停下來和我講那兩個女孩一見到我就停下來和我講 話。話。6. Thats a pity. 很遺憾很遺憾! pity表示表示“遺憾，可惜遺憾，可惜”。 Thats a pity. = Its a pity. = What a pi

16、ty!7. You can make it up. 你可以編（一你可以編（一個故事）。個故事）。 make up 表示表示“編造；組成編造；組成”。e.g. The whole story is made up. 整個故事是虛構出來的。整個故事是虛構出來的。8. I will invite you to come with me. 我將邀請你和我一起來。我將邀請你和我一起來。 invite sb. to do sth. 表示表示“邀請某人去做某事邀請某人去做某事”。e.g. Jane invited me to go fishing last week. 簡上周邀請我去釣魚了。簡上周邀請我去釣

17、魚了。Farming and mining make up most of the countrys industry.農業和礦業構成這個國家的大部分產業。農業和礦業構成這個國家的大部分產業。 good luck! Thats a pity. That sounds wonderful NameExperiencesYes No Lingling has won some prizes.has always wanted to go on a dream holiday.Tonyhas entered lots of speaking competitions.has won some pri

18、zes.has travelled a lot.3. Now check () what Lingling and Tony have or have not done.Has Lingling ever won any prizes before?No, she hasnt.Has Tony entered lots of speaking competitions?Yes, he has. Has Tony won any prizes? No, he hasnt. Has Tony travelled much? No, he hasnt.Ask and answer questions

19、 about what Lingling and Tony have or have not done. Her _ was to study at a good university one day.2. When I was in school, I won many _ for my writing.3. You must enter the music _! You will beat everybody.afford competition dream invite pity prizeprizesdreamcompetition5. Complete the sentences w

20、ith the correct form of the words in the box.4. My family cannot _ to buy a ticket for the match.5. It is a(n) _ that you did not come to see the film with us.6. John _ his new friends to his birthday party last week.afford competition dream invite pity prizeaffordpityinvited英語句子一般由多個單詞構成，這些單詞的英語句子一

21、般由多個單詞構成，這些單詞的重讀重讀(stress) 一般遵循以下規律：名詞、形容詞、數詞、一般遵循以下規律：名詞、形容詞、數詞、動詞、副詞、代詞和表達強烈思想感情的感嘆詞動詞、副詞、代詞和表達強烈思想感情的感嘆詞需要重讀需要重讀；人稱代詞、連詞、冠詞、介詞、以及；人稱代詞、連詞、冠詞、介詞、以及少數系動詞和助動詞等主要少數系動詞和助動詞等主要起語法作用的單詞起語法作用的單詞一一般般不重讀不重讀（當然有少數例外）。（當然有少數例外）。注意注意: 有時為了表達思想感情一些有時為了表達思想感情一些提供新信息的詞提供新信息的詞需要需要重讀重讀, 需要強調的詞需要強調的詞需要重讀。需要重讀。6. Re

22、ad and predict which words the speaker is likely to stress.- Have you ever wanted to travel around the world?- Yes, I have. Ive always wanted to travel around the world.- Have you ever visited New York? - No, I havent. Ive never visited the US. - Have you ever entered a competition? - No, I havent.

23、I havent entered any competitions. Have you ever visited ? Yes, I have. /No, I havent. Ive Read the conversations in Activity 6 aloud. Ask and answer about yourself.1. visit - _ 2. ask - _3. travel - _ 4. enter - _5. help - _ 6. win - _7. want - _ 8. stop - _9. think - _ 10. hope - _11. invite - _ 12. call - _visitedaskedtravelledenteredhelpedwonwantedstoppedthoughthopedinvitedcalled請寫出下面動詞的過去分詞。請寫出下面動詞的過去分詞。1. Linging _ written a story about the competition. A. have B. has C. is 2. I have _ lots of speaking competitions, but I lost. A. helped B. stopped C. entere