1、過去完成時一、 概念過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成了的動作，即“過去的過去（ past-in-the-past ）”。-|-|-|->那時以前 那時 現在二、 構成過去完成時由“助動詞had + 過去分詞”構成，其中 had 通用于各種人稱。 例如：1) They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. 他們來賓館之前就已經吃過飯了。2) He didnt go to bed until he had finished he work.他直到把工作做完之后才睡覺。三、 用法1. 過去完成

2、時表示一個動作或狀態在過去某一時間或動作之前已經完成或結束，即發生在“過去的過去”。例如： 1) When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 我醒來時，雨已經停了。（主句的動作發生在“過去的過去”） 2) He had left when I arrived. 當我到達時他已經離開。2. 過去完成時是一個相對的時態，表示的是“過去的過去”，只有和過去某一時間或某一動作相比較時才使用它。例如： 1) She told me that she had written a new novel. 她告訴我她已經寫好一本小說了。(had written 發生在 tol

3、d 之前 ) 2) I found the watch which I had lost. 我找到了我丟失的表。3. 過去完成時需要與一個表示過去的時間狀語連用，它不能離開過去時間而獨立存在。此時多與 already，yet，still，just，before，never 等時間副詞及 by，before，until 等引導的短語或從句連用。例如： 1) Before she came to China, Amy had taught English in a middle school for about five years. 艾米來中國之前，在一所中學已經教了五年英語。 2) Tom h

4、ad collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was seven. 湯姆在七歲時已經集了300多張中國郵票。4. 過去完成時表示某一動作或狀態在過去某時之前已經開始，一直延續到這一過去時間，而且動作尚未結束，仍然有繼續下去的可能。例如： 1) By the end of last year, my father had worked in the factory for twenty years. 去年年底時，爸爸已經在工廠工作二十年了。（ had worked 已有了 20 年，還有繼續進行下去的可能） 2) By six

5、oclock he had worked eleven hours. 到6點鐘時他就已經工作了11小時。5. 動詞think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用過去完成時來表示過去未曾實現的想法，希望，打算或意圖等。例如： 1) I had wanted to help but could not get there in time.我本來打算去幫忙，但沒有及時趕到那里。 2) They had hoped to be able to come and see you.他們本來希望能來看看你。 6. 過去完成時還可用在hardly when , no soone

6、r than , It was the first (second, etc) time (that) 等固定句型中。例如： 1) Hardly had he began to speak when the audience interrupted him.他剛開始演講，聽眾就打斷了他。 2) No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他剛到就又走了。 3) It was the third time that she had been out of work that year.這是她那一年第三次失業了。過去完成時的用法總結如下表：過

7、去 完 成 時構成助動詞 had+動詞的過去分詞 基本用法1） 表示在過去某一時刻或動作以前完成了的動作，即“過去的過去”?？梢杂胋y, before等介詞短語或一個時間狀語從句來表示，也可以用一個表示過去的動作來表示，還可能通過上下文來表示2）表示由過去的某一時刻開始，一直延續到過去另一時間的動作或狀態，常和for, since構成的時間狀語連用3）過去完成時常常用在賓語從句（或間接引語）中，這時從句中的動作發生在主句表示的過去的動作之前4）在包含有when, until等連詞的復合句中，如果主句謂語動詞和從句謂語動詞所表示的過去動作不是同時發生的，那么先發生的動作通常用過去完成時

8、表示和其它時態的區別過去完成時/現在完成時現在完成時著眼于現在，強調過去發生的某動作對現在造成的影響和結果，或是由過去持續到現在的動作 過去完成時則主要體現過去發生的動作先后有別，表達的是“過去的過去” 過去完成時/一般過去時過去完成時強調某動作在過去某時間或另一動作之前已完成一般過去時僅表示動作或狀態在過去某時間發生過，不強調與另一動作的比較 注意事項1）動詞think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用過去完成時來表示過去未曾實現的想法，希望，打算或意圖等。2) 過去完成時還可用在hardly when , no sooner than , It was t

9、he first (second, etc) time (that)等固定句型中。3）It/This was +序數詞 time或最高級 that 后面的從句用過去完成時。4）用于表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件從句中現在完成時與過去完成時的區別現在完成時著眼于現在，強調過去發生的某動作對現在造成的影響和結果，或是由過去持續到現在的動作。 例如：1) I have cleaned the classroom.我打掃干凈教室了。（強調掃地所產生的結果：地干凈了?。?2) They have lived here for twenty years.他們住在這二十年了。（“住”從過去持續到現在的動作用現

10、在完成時） 3) We have lived in Beijing since we came China.自我們來中國就住在北京了。（“住”是從過去持續到現在的動作用現在完成時） 過去完成時則主要體現過去發生的兩動作的先后有別，表達的是“過去的過去”，即比過去發生的某動作都還要“過去”，兩動作中先發生的就用過去完成時，后發生的則只用一般過去時。運用過去完成時的句子往往有兩過去的時間或動作。例如：1) Mr Smith had lived in London for ten years before he came to China.史密斯先生在來中國之前就已經在倫敦住過十年了。(“來”中國已

11、成過去，而先前“住”在紐約就是過去的過去！）2) We had learned 2000 words by the end of last term. 在上期期末，我們就已經學了2000個單詞。（“上期期末”已過去，而在其前“學”的就更過去了?。┻^去完成時專項練習一、單項填空1. When Li Ming hurried home, he found that his mother _already _to hospital.  A. has; been sent   B. had; sent   C. has; sent  D. h

12、ad; been sent2. The students _ several new English songs by the end of last term.  A. had learned  B. learned   C. have learned   D. will have learned 3. Lu Mei told me she _breakfast, so she was very hungry after having two classes. A. has had  B. hasn&#

13、39;t have  C. have had  D. hadn't had4. Hardly _ to the bus stop when the bus left, which drove them crazy.  A did they get  B they got  C had they got D has they got5. She _her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _home.  A has left; comes 

14、B had left; would come  C had left; came  D left; had come 6. Mr. Black said that it was at least ten years since he _a good drink.  A had enjoyed  B was enjoying  C have enjoyed  D have been enjoying7. I _ to catch the first train but I got up too late this morning.A.

15、hoping B. had hoped C. has hoped D. would hope8. Dr. Brown was very disappointed that one third of the guests _ when he _ at the party. A. left; had arrived B. left; arrived C. had left; had arrived D. had left; arrived9. Tom first met me 10 years ago. I_ in a radio factory at that time.A. had worke

16、d B. have worked C. was working D. has been working10. - What _ when I phoned you? - I _ my work, and wanted to go out for a walk. A. have you done; finished B. were you doing; have finished C. did you do; had just finished D. were you doing; had just finished11. It is very clear that you were in a

17、hurry. You _ your sweater inside out.A. had worn B. wore C. were wearing D. are wearing12. - We _ that you would fix the TV set this week. - Im sorry. I _ to fix it this week, but Ive been too busy.A. had expected; had intended B. are expecting; had intendedC. expect; intend D. expected; intend13. -

18、Alice came back home the day before yesterday. -Really? Where _?A. has she been B. had she been C. has she gone D. had she gone14. Mr. Green and I are familiar with each other; we _ to each other at an international conference.A. are introduced B. are being introducedC. were introduced D. had been i

19、ntroduced15. - Did he notice you enter the room?- I dont think so. He _ to the radio with his eyes shut.A. listened B. was listening C. has listened D. had listened16. Tom and Jack met again in the street that day. Until then, they _ each other for nearly two years. A. didnt see B. hadnt seen C. hav

20、ent seen D. havent been seen17. -Jane, do you still remember the first time we met? -Of course I do. You _ in the library.A. were reading B. had read C. have read D. read18. A lot of my friends want to buy that kind of cloth because they _ the cloth _ well.A. have told; washes B. have been told; was

21、hesC. was told; washed D. have been told; is washed19. The young professor talked for about nearly two hours yesterday. Never _ him talk so much. A.I heard B. did I hear C.I had heard D. had I heard20. Ms Wang _ to the office than she got down to writing the report.A. has no sooner got B. had hardly

22、 got C. no sooner got D. had no sooner got21. My dictionary _. I have looked for it everywhere but still _it.A. has lost; dont find B. is missing; dont findC. has lost; havent found D. is missing; havent found22. - Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favour? - Of course. What is it? - I _ if you could

23、 take me to the station.A. would wonder B. did wonder C. was wondering D. had wondered23. -Hi, Liu Tao. I dropped in at your house at about ten last night, but you werent in. -Oh, I _ regular exercise at the club.A. did B. was doing C. had done D have been doing24. All the policemens attention was s

24、uddenly caught by a small dusty box which_ placed in the corner of the room. A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would be25. By the time I got home yesterday, my husband _ cooking the dinner. A. had finished B. finished C. has finished D. finishes26. My friend asked me whether it was the first t

25、ime that I _ skiing. A. went B. has gone C. had gone D. would go 27. To everyones surprise, Mr Smiths son spent much more money than he _ on the journey. A. will plan B. has planned C. would plan D. had planned28. If he _ to the meeting yesterday, I would have met him. A. had come B. came C. would c

26、ome D. was coming29. I was late for the interview yesterday. I _ the road to be so crowded. A. wouldnt expect B. havent expected C. wasnt expecting D. hadnt expected30. -How long had the hotel _ fire when the firemen got there?-For an hour or so.A. caught B. been caught C. been on D. been catching二、

27、用所給動詞的正確形式填空1 By the time we got to the airport, the plane _ (take) off.2 The children _ (have) the book for two weeks before they returned it to the library.3 He _ (study) English for five years before he came here.4 When I woke up this morning, I found that it _ (stop) snowing. 5 The boy _ (not wa

28、tch) the movie because he had watched it twice.6 Kate told me that it was the second time that she _ (go) skating.7 When Jim _ (come) to China two years ago, he found people didn't understand him at all though he _(learn) some Chinese in his own country.8 I saw Han Mei yesterday. We _ (not see)

29、each other since we left Beijing.9 If you _ (work) harder, you would have passed the examination.10 No sooner had we got there than it _ (begin) to rain.三、句子改錯1. When she got home last night, her three children went to bed. 2. I didn't go to see the firm because I saw it before. 3. The wind was

30、still blowing, but the rain has stopped. 4. By the end of last term we learned about 1,500 English words. 5. Jim got seriously ill. He didnt eaten anything since Tuesday.四、中譯英1. 當我們到達電影院時，電影已經開始十分鐘了。2. 他們本來計劃在上個周末前到達中國的。3. 火車開出之前，所有的參觀者就已經到了車站。4. 我告訴了我美國的朋友在過去的三十年里中國發生了巨大的變化。5. 我原以為這是他第一次遲到。五、真題回顧 1

31、. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time. A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell2. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I _ there several years ago. A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been3. -Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.-Oh, nothing much. In fac

32、t, I _ of my friends back home. A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just be thinking4. -Tom, you didnt come to the party last night? -I _, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. A. had to B. didnt C. was going to D. wouldnt5. -Did you tidy your room? - No,

33、I was going to tidy my room but I _ visitors.A. had B. have C. have had D. will have6. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances _ in the past years. A. discovered B. have discovered C. had been discovered D. have been discovered7. They_ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise the

34、yd never have been able to afford to go. A. had got B. got C. have got D. get 8. -Did Peter fix the computer himself?-He _, because he doesn't know much about computers. A. has it fixed B. had fixed it C. had it fixed D. fixed it9. I got caught in the rain and my suit _.A. has ruined B. had ruin

35、ed C. has been ruined D. had been ruined10. -It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.-Oh, dont mention it. I _ past your house anyway.A. was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come11. -I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.-Impossible. She _TV with me in my home then.A. watched B. had watched C. would watch D. was watching12. As the years passed, many occasionsbirthdays, awards, graduations_ with Dads flowers.A. are ma