1、高考英語語法填空題高考英語語法填空題 安遠一中安遠一中 邱海萍邱海萍1、語法填空主要考查哪方面的內容、語法填空主要考查哪方面的內容?2、語法填空命題特點是什么、語法填空命題特點是什么 ?語法和詞匯（考試重點） 上下文連貫性（語境）101.51510150151？共共10個小題個小題每題每題1.5分分滿分滿分15分分須在須在10分鐘內完成分鐘內完成短文長度短文長度150詞左右詞左右設空間距設空間距15詞左右詞左右每格不一定每格不一定1個詞個詞（特別是謂語或非謂語動詞形式特別是謂語或非謂語動詞形式 ）側重語境加語法側重語境加語法語語 法法 占占 關關 鍵鍵語法填空考哪些語法項目？語法填空考哪些語法

2、項目？ 1、名詞；、名詞； 2、代詞；、代詞； 3、數詞；、數詞； 4、介詞和介詞短語；、介詞和介詞短語； 5、連詞；、連詞； 6、形容詞；、形容詞； 7、副詞；、副詞； 8、冠詞；、冠詞； 9、動詞；、動詞； 10、時態；、時態； 11、被動語態；、被動語態； 12、非謂語動詞；、非謂語動詞； 13、構詞法；、構詞法； 14、句子種類；、句子種類； 15、句子成分；、句子成分； 16、簡單句基本句型；、簡單句基本句型； 17、主謂一致；、主謂一致； 18、并列復合句；、并列復合句； 19、主從復合句；、主從復合句； 20、間接引語；、間接引語； 21、省略；、省略； 22、倒裝；、倒裝； 2

3、3、強調；、強調； 24、虛擬語氣。、虛擬語氣。1 1、閱讀、閱讀/ /理解理解語篇語篇的能力的能力; ;2 2、分析句子結構的能力、分析句子結構的能力; ;3 3、熟練運用語法的能力。、熟練運用語法的能力。語法填空題語法填空題能力要求能力要求 重在基礎語法和句子結構分析：重在基礎語法和句子結構分析：從語法角度去考慮，填的是從語法角度去考慮，填的是語法詞語法詞，包括包括功能詞功能詞和和詞形變換詞形變換兩個方面。不兩個方面。不限定一個詞。限定一個詞。句子方面，要學會正確分析句子的結句子方面，要學會正確分析句子的結構，如構，如主謂賓主謂賓等；還要會區分等；還要會區分主從句主從句的層次。的層次。特別

4、是特別是動詞動詞的成分，是否謂語動詞。的成分，是否謂語動詞。語法填空題語法填空題解題方向解題方向1. 章法章法 4. 慣用法慣用法2. 句法句法3. 詞法詞法語語 法法語法填空解題技巧語法填空解題技巧（“由大到小由大到小” ）1、通讀全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脈。通讀全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脈。2、巧用已知，連線畫圖、降低難度、鋪平道路。巧用已知，連線畫圖、降低難度、鋪平道路。3、理解句意、分析結構、大膽猜測、各個擊破理解句意、分析結構、大膽猜測、各個擊破 。4、重讀全篇、仔細核查、語法正確、語意貫通。重讀全篇、仔細核查、語法正確、語意貫通。5、拼寫正確、書寫規范、大小寫準確（注

5、意三寫）。、拼寫正確、書寫規范、大小寫準確（注意三寫）。根據語法知識進行填充根據語法知識進行填充根據邏輯關系進行填充根據邏輯關系進行填充根據語篇標志進行填充根據語篇標志進行填充 語篇是指比單個句子長的語言單位（句群、語篇是指比單個句子長的語言單位（句群、段落、篇章等）。語篇間往往有標明內在聯段落、篇章等）。語篇間往往有標明內在聯系的詞，我們稱這些詞為系的詞，我們稱這些詞為“語篇標志詞語篇標志詞”。如表示結構層次的有如表示結構層次的有first, second, third, finally等；表示邏輯關系的有等；表示邏輯關系的有thus，therefore，so等；表示轉折關系或變換話題等；表

6、示轉折關系或變換話題的有的有however, but, by the way等。等。“語篇語篇標志詞標志詞”對迅速理清文章的脈絡，弄清上下對迅速理清文章的脈絡，弄清上下文關系很有幫助。文關系很有幫助。4.根據固定詞組進行填充根據固定詞組進行填充熟練掌握一些常見的詞組，如熟練掌握一些常見的詞組，如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulateon, devoteto, earn ones living, keep ones word, make up ones mind等，對解題很有幫助。等，對解題很有幫助。 5.

7、 根據句型搭配進行填根據句型搭配進行填,就是根據一些常用的句就是根據一些常用的句型搭配，如型搭配，如so/suchthat, it is(for sb.) to do sth., There is no doubt that, there is no sense in doing sth.等來解題。等來解題。6. 根據詞匯知識進行填充根據詞匯知識進行填充 指根據某些詞語在用法上的特殊搭配來解指根據某些詞語在用法上的特殊搭配來解題。如下列各類動詞必須牢記：只能接動題。如下列各類動詞必須牢記：只能接動詞的詞的-ing形式作賓語的動詞，只能接形式作賓語的動詞，只能接to do作賓語的動詞，接作賓語的

8、動詞，接to do作補語的動詞，接作補語的動詞，接do作補語的動詞，接作補語的動詞，接doing或或done作補語作補語的動詞，對句式搭配要求較為特別的詞語，的動詞，對句式搭配要求較為特別的詞語，等等。等等。7. 根據生活常識進行填充根據生活常識進行填充實踐與提高Practice makes perfect! Will _1_ matter if you dont take your breakfast? Recently a test _2_ (give) in the United Sates. Those tests included people of different _3_ fr

9、om 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got _4_ breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see _5_ well their bodies worked and when they had eaten_6_certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfa

10、st, he or she will work with better effect _7_ if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be _8_ (especial) true if a person works _9_ his brains. For example, if a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with_10_ (much) attenti

11、on in class.itwere givenagesnohowathanespeciallywithmore備考策略備考策略1不斷記憶，積累詞匯。不斷記憶，積累詞匯。語法填空題對單詞提出了比以前更高的要求，語法填空題對單詞提出了比以前更高的要求，它不但要求考生認識單詞，還要求能寫出一些它不但要求考生認識單詞，還要求能寫出一些要求的單詞。這就要求考生平時要求的單詞。這就要求考生平時不斷地記憶單不斷地記憶單詞，不斷地積累詞匯詞，不斷地積累詞匯，千方百計地把我們的詞，千方百計地把我們的詞匯量提高上去。考試時才能隨心所欲的寫出單匯量提高上去。考試時才能隨心所欲的寫出單詞，填出固定搭配。詞，填出固定

12、搭配。2夯實基礎，學好語法夯實基礎，學好語法。 英語的基礎知識瑣碎繁雜，不是一朝英語的基礎知識瑣碎繁雜，不是一朝一夕就能掌握的，它要求我們平時多聽，一夕就能掌握的，它要求我們平時多聽，多讀，多記，夯實自己的基礎知識；我多讀，多記，夯實自己的基礎知識；我們還要堅定不移地加強語法的學習，尤們還要堅定不移地加強語法的學習，尤其是長句、難句、復雜句的分析。只有其是長句、難句、復雜句的分析。只有這樣，才能為綜合能力的提高打下堅實這樣，才能為綜合能力的提高打下堅實的基礎。的基礎。3大聲朗讀，培養語感。大聲朗讀，培養語感。 語感是一種對語言、語段或詞句的感受能力，語感是一種對語言、語段或詞句的感受能力，是一

13、種看不見摸不著的東西，但在做完形是一種看不見摸不著的東西，但在做完形填空題時又是必不可少的東西。嫻熟的語填空題時又是必不可少的東西。嫻熟的語感的形成不是一蹴而就的，要在平時的學感的形成不是一蹴而就的，要在平時的學習過程中多聽，多讀，尤其是大聲朗讀猶習過程中多聽，多讀，尤其是大聲朗讀猶為重要。在早讀或晚讀時間，拋開顧忌，為重要。在早讀或晚讀時間，拋開顧忌，放開喉嚨，大聲朗讀，對培養語感是非常放開喉嚨，大聲朗讀，對培養語感是非常重要的。如果通過朗讀能夠多背誦一些課重要的。如果通過朗讀能夠多背誦一些課文是再好不過的了。語感在你的朗讀和背文是再好不過的了。語感在你的朗讀和背誦課文的過程中，不知不覺地逐

14、步形成了。誦課文的過程中，不知不覺地逐步形成了。4堅持不懈，多做練習。堅持不懈，多做練習。 語法填空是一種新題型，考生在前幾年都不語法填空是一種新題型，考生在前幾年都不曾練過的。但是高考中又占了總分的十分之曾練過的。但是高考中又占了總分的十分之一，非常重要。因此要求考生在考前一段時一，非常重要。因此要求考生在考前一段時間要大量練習這種題型，不斷練習，不斷總間要大量練習這種題型，不斷練習，不斷總結，不斷提高，高考時才能處變不驚，輕松結，不斷提高，高考時才能處變不驚，輕松應對。應對。練習與思考根據語法知識進行填空根據邏輯關系進行填空根據語篇標志進行填空根據固定詞組進行填空根據句型搭配進行填空根據詞

15、匯知識進行填空根據生活常識進行填空根據文化背景進行填空 A proverb says, “Time is money”. But in my opinion, time is even 1 _ precious than money. Why? 2 _ when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is 3 _ , it will never return. 4 _ is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make

16、 5 _ use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in 6 _ future. But it is a pity that there are a lot of people 7 _ do not realize the value of time. They 8 _ their precious time smoking, drinking and playing. In a word, we should form the good habit of 9 _ (save) time. Do not put off w

17、hat can be done today 10 _ tomorrow.moreBecausegoneItgood / fullthewhospend / wastesavingtill / until1.由than可知,precious要用比較級，多音節形容詞的比較級前加more，故此題答案為more2. 因前句用Why提問，應當用because來回答，故此題答案是because3. 由表示轉折however的可知，是指當時間失去的時候，表示“失去”是gone。4.填it，形式主語，真正主語是后面由that引導的主語從句5.有表示結果的Therefore可知，應充分利用時間，故用形容詞ful

18、l或good來修飾名詞。6. 表示“在將來”，固定短語in the future7.因there are是個句子，do not 應是一個定語從句，從句缺主語，先行詞是人，應填入 who.8.由time smoking可想到是spend/waste time (in) doing句型，這是由spend/waste的用法所決定的；這里是一般現在時，主語是復數，填spend/waste9. 因of是介詞，介詞后的動詞通常用-ing形式，故填saving10.結合生活常識，不難理解句意為“不要把今天能做的事情推遲到明天做”，答案自然是表示“直到”的until/till.語法填空題的解題技巧語法填空題的

19、解題技巧一、無提示型的解題技巧一、無提示型的解題技巧 介詞，代詞，冠詞，介詞，代詞，冠詞， 助動詞助動詞/情態動詞，疑問副詞情態動詞，疑問副詞 并列句，復合句并列句，復合句規律規律1 空格空格+謂語動詞謂語動詞1. I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _ gets there almost in a second. 2. Some of my friends who had been there before said _ was a wonderful holiday destination.3. Behind him

20、were other people to whom he was trying to talk, but after some minutes _walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed4. She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 代詞或名代詞或名詞詞( (多考多考代詞代詞) ) ititheit5. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynas

21、ty (9601279) was very anxious to help _rice crop grow up quickly.6. In the beginning, there was only_very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little,always thinking that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.” 7. I sat next to the m

22、an and introduced myself. We had_amazing conversation.hisaan8. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _ top floor.9. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _ last row.10. the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to

23、 pull it to _ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.規律規律2 2 空格空格+ +名詞名詞限定限定詞詞thethea11 who should have the honour of receiving me _ a guest in their house.12. When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next _ the window13. my credit card had already been

24、charged _ the reservation.14. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect_ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”15. The new boy looked at the teacher _ a few seconds and all the other students wondered規律規律3 3 空格空格+ +名詞名詞/ /代詞代詞介

25、詞介詞astoforforfor16. two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso _ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars.17. all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me _ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. 18. I wanted to see as much of the city

26、as possible in the two days _ I was to return to Guangzhou.19. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy20. Maybe you leave a habit _ is driving your family crazy.andandbeforebutthat21. The next day, my brother and I went to the beach _ we watched some people play voll

27、eyball.22. Nicks guests, _ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy sale more cheaply if they could.23. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _ made her feel like a star.24. Behind him were other people to _ he was trying to talk25. One day, he c

28、ame up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.規律規律4 詞和詞之間沒連詞，句和句詞和詞之間沒連詞，句和句之間沒連詞（注意標點）之間沒連詞（注意標點）連詞連詞wherewhowhichwhomthat26. What is acceptable in one country_ be considered extremely rude in another. 27. He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wi

29、fe, but he _ bring home a regular salary.規律規律5 5 結構完整，給原形，結構完整，給原形， 上下文其他時態不一致上下文其他時態不一致情態動詞情態動詞或助動詞或助動詞maydid28. and _ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldntt eat MSG (味精味精)! 29. _with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.30. as_ took them just three minutes to steal

30、paintings by two world-famous artists31. Dating sites also make_ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.32. This made the goat so jealous _ it began plotting against (謀劃對付謀劃對付) the donkey. 33. Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares_ how much he

31、pays.itOnlyititthatthan規律規律6 特殊句式特殊句式(1)由由it isthat強調結構形式，判斷填強調結構形式，判斷填it還是還是that。如：(2)由倒裝句式判斷，是填構成倒裝的條件的由倒裝句式判斷，是填構成倒裝的條件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，還是填等，還是填do, does, did等。等。如：(3)由由it作形式主語或形式賓語的句式判斷，空格處作形式主語或形式賓語的句式判斷，空格處是否填是否填it。如：(4)so /suchthat句型。句型。如：(5)more

32、than (與其說與其說不如說不如說，比，比更更)句型。句型。如：分析句子結構分析句子結構上下文語境上下文語境謂語動詞（時態和語態）謂語動詞（時態和語態）非謂語動詞非謂語動詞名詞，形容詞，副詞，名詞，形容詞，副詞，形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級有有提提示示詞詞（一）動詞類（一）動詞類 1. A boy on a bike _ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.2. We _（tell）that our rooms hadnt been reserved for

33、that week3. Suddenly, he_ (find) that he had run out of salt.4. In Logan, three people _ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. 規律規律1 句中沒有別的謂語動詞句中沒有別的謂語動詞 所給動詞所給動詞就是謂語就是謂語動詞動詞, , 則則考慮時態考慮時態語態語態 5. That was definitely not an attractimve idea so I politely declined her invi

34、tation, _(close) my book and walked away. closed 雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是并列關系并列關系所給動詞就是謂語動詞所給動詞就是謂語動詞, , 則考慮時態語態則考慮時態語態 規律規律2 2 ：若句中已有謂語動詞，又不是并若句中已有謂語動詞，又不是并列謂語時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若列謂語時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若是非謂語動詞就要確定用是非謂語動詞就要確定用 doing形式，形式，done形式，還是形式，還是 to do 形式。非謂語的形形式。非謂語的形式一定要考慮式一定要考慮它與其邏輯主語之間它與其

35、邏輯主語之間 的關系。的關系。先來看看歷年高考語法填空題非謂語先來看看歷年高考語法填空題非謂語動詞都考了什么？動詞都考了什么？1. but he refused _ (stop) until we reached the next stop.2. Still, the boy kept _ (ride).3. We got a little _（sunburn），），but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.4. Mary felt _ (please), because there were many empty seats in

36、 the room.5. some of them looked very anxious and _ (disappoint) .6. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man _ (sit) at the front.7. While she was getting me _ (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car8. She wished

37、 that he was as easy _ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.9. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop _ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story.10. He spit it out, _ (say) it was awful.11. In the beginning, there was only a very small amount of unfairness in

38、the world, but everyone added a little, always _ (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”歷年高考語法填空題考過的非謂語歷年高考語法填空題考過的非謂語動詞結構動詞結構1 動詞動詞 +不定式不定式2 動詞動詞 + 動名詞動名詞3 系動詞系動詞 + 非謂語動詞非謂語動詞4 動詞動詞+賓語賓語+不定式不定式/現在分詞現在分詞/+過去分過去分詞詞5 Be +形容詞形容詞+ to do6 不定式做目的狀語不定式

39、做目的狀語7 現在分詞做伴隨狀語現在分詞做伴隨狀語非謂語動詞類試題的幾個非謂語動詞類試題的幾個其他注意點其他注意點1. but it is not enough only _(memorize) rules from a grammar book.to memorize 2. _(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrarySpeaking 注意注意 ：作主語或賓語時，通常用作主語或賓語時，通常用doing / being done形式表示習慣或一般情況；形式表示習慣或一般情況； 用用to d

40、o / to be done形式表示具體情況或將來；形式表示具體情況或將來；用用having done / having been done表示已表示已發生。發生。3. _(complete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day.To complete 5. Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _(succeed.)to succeed 1.目的狀語目的狀語, (too

41、to,enough to, only to do) 2. be+形容詞形容詞+to do4. The young student did all that he could _ (pass) the examinations.to passThe cake is easy to make. 6. He saw the stone, _ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”saying 分詞作狀語，查邏輯主語，確定形式。分詞作狀語，查邏輯主語，確定形式。7. The headmaster went into the lab, _(fol

42、low) by the foreign guests. followed8. There will be a meeting, _(start) later this year to review the film.learned 分詞后置定語，查與被修飾詞，確定形式。分詞后置定語，查與被修飾詞，確定形式。starting 9. .Lessons_(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 10. Antonio Gaudio, a Spanish architect, was the first _ (und

43、erstand) that.the first/second/last/next/only.(+名詞名詞/代詞代詞)+to do sth.to understand 其他詞類的解題規律其他詞類的解題規律熟悉各種詞性充當何種句子成分是基礎熟悉各種詞性充當何種句子成分是基礎 判斷出該詞在句子所作何種句子成分是關鍵判斷出該詞在句子所作何種句子成分是關鍵熟悉各種詞形變化是保障熟悉各種詞形變化是保障1. The youngster immediately fell _ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.2. That would be

44、 a very _ (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course.4. Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _ (interest) in the subject規律規律1：作表語、定語或補語，：作表語、定語或補語，

45、通常用形容詞形式。通常用形容詞形式。答案：答案：silent，reasonable，natural，interested規律規律2：作主語或在及物動詞或介詞：作主語或在及物動詞或介詞后作賓語，用名詞后作賓語，用名詞 5. When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.6. These people have made great _(contribute) to Chi

46、na with their work. 7. instructors expect students to be familiar with _(inform) in the reading achievements contributions information 規律規律3 限定詞限定詞+空格空格+of +名詞名詞空格用名詞空格用名詞8. But Jane knew from past experience that her _ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.9. With the large numbers of stu

47、dents, the _ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.choice，operation規律規律4：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個句子，作狀語，用副詞或整個句子，作狀語，用副詞 10. the crowd of strangers _ (sudden) became friendly to one another.11. She was _（surprise）helpful.12. But such a small thing couldnt _ (possible) destroy a village.13. Singles are flocking(涌向涌向) to the Internet _ (main) because their busy lifestyles leave them little timesuddenly, surprisedly, possibly, mainly規律規律5