1、Unit 4 Grammar定語從句（1）-關系代詞lead in I can see a boy. The boy is readi ng un der the tree.合并這兩個句子：I can see a boyis readi ng un der the tree.二、定語從句的相關概念1、復合句：復合句是相對于簡單句來說的，簡單句是只有一個謂語動詞的句子，而復合句是由兩個或兩個以上的謂語動詞夠成的。復合句又分為并列復 合句和主從復合句。并列句是由and, but, or等并列連詞來連接的句子。而主從復合句是由從屬連詞來連接的句子，包括主從，賓從，表從，定從，狀從，同位語從句等。Eg

2、: He is a student.（簡單句 He is a good student so that we all like him.復合句） I hope you will succeed. I think you are right.2、定從的四句話： 在復合句中作定語，修飾某一個名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。 先行詞：被定語從句修飾的那個名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。 關系詞：關系詞由關系代詞和關系副詞來引導。 句型:可分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。Eg: (1) I see a girl who is cryi ng.(2) He who doesn t reach the Grea

3、t Wall isn t a good man.3、定從的兩個表格：表一：(關系代詞)7關系代詞作用whowhomwhosethatwhich指代作用人人人/物人/物物在句中成分主、賓、表（少）賓疋主、賓主、賓表二：（關系副詞）作用 關系副詞、代替作用在句中成分whe n時間：（介詞+which）時間狀語where地點：（介詞+which）地點狀語why原因：（介詞+which）原因狀語三、真題演練1. The prize will go to the writerstory shows the most imagination.（2011 全國）A. that B. which C. who

4、se D.who2. the old small town has narrow streets and small houses_are built close to each other.（2011. 山東）A. they B. where C. what D.that3. As a child, Jack studied in a village school,is n amed after his gran dfather.（2010,全國卷I）A. which B. where C. what D. that4. English is a Ianguage shared by sev

5、eral divers culture, each of uses it somewhatdiffere ntly.（2011,浙江）A. which B. what C. them D. those5. The professor you are waiting for has come.A. whom B. which C. what D. he四、定語從句的做題步驟： 先判斷是否是定語從句（從定義）【定定從】 找先行詞 （名詞或代詞） 明確從句所缺成分（主、賓、表、定或狀） 定關系詞（主、賓、表、定一關系代詞，狀語一系副詞）五、注意事項：（一）只用that不用which的情況 當先行詞為

6、不定代詞時（ somethi ng, some one, anyone） 當先行詞前有形容詞最高級修飾時 當先行詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時 當先行詞既有人又有物時 當先行詞前有 the very, the only, the last, just, no, little, few等時 當主句是以 who, which 開頭的疑問句時 當主句是there be結構時（二）只用 which 不用 that 的情況前有介詞非限制性定語從句先行詞是that時有兩個定語從句，一個用that, 一個用which六、Exercises（1）.改寫下列句子 （合并 ）。1. I have a friend. He l

7、ikes listening to classical music.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I gave it to her.3. The student s article was published. I know the student.4. Betty is studying English very well. She has never been abroad.5. My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 10 years old.（2）改錯1. China

8、 is a country who has a long history.2. The woman whom likes music always goes to CD shop.3. He has little time which he can spare抽出時間）4. They visited Beijing where is the capital of China.5. It s the tallest tower which lies in the centre of the city.6. It was in Guangzhou where I met him.7. Jack l

9、ives in a house its gate faces south.8. Who is the person who told you the news.9. There is not much which we can help.10. Which is the cap which you decide to buy?（3）填關系詞1. The girls served in the shop wee the owner s daughters.2. The pen withI was writi ng was bought in the supermarket.3. The man

10、toI spoke was a foreig ner.4. All the applesfall are eate n by wild bears.5. Can you think of anyon could look after him?6. We talked the things and classmateswe remember in the school.7. The road con diti ons there turned out to be very good,was more tha n wecould expect.8. You can take any room yo

11、u like.9. He showed a machi neparts are too small to be see n.10. This is the first on won the Nobel Prize.翻譯1. 他買了一本魯迅寫的小說。2. 這是我唯一看過的英文電影。3. 他們搬出那所它的窗子都破了（ broke n）的房子。4. 他在他父親住過的房子里停留了（ stay）很長的時間。5. 那些經(jīng)常讀英語的學生就會提高(improve)他們的英語。一、真題演練： 1-5：CDAAA二、改寫句子1.I have a friend who likes listening to clas

12、sical music.2. Yersterday Emily was wearing the new dress that/which I gave her.3. I know the student whose article was published.4. Betty, who has never been abroad, is studying English very well.5. My grandparents live in a house, which is more than 10 years old. 三改錯1. whothat/which 2. whom-who 3.whichthat 4.where which/that5.which that 6. wherethat 7.itswhose 8. whothat 9.whichthat 10. 第二個 which that四、關系詞1.who 2. which 3. whom 4. that 5. that/who 6. that 7.which 8.that 9.whose 10.that五、翻譯