1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上初中英語語法列表名詞的數可數名詞有單數和復數兩種形式。這和漢語不同，比如，在漢語中，我們說一個蘋果，那就是一個蘋果，沒什么特殊變化。你要說三個蘋果，只需把“一”換成“三”就可以了。而在英語中，一個蘋果是one apple，三個蘋果是 three apples，不僅數量詞變化了，名詞也有相應的變化。下面我們就將名詞變復數的規則分為規則變化和不規則變化。第一部分：規則變化 情況構成法讀音例詞一般情況（包括以e結尾的名詞）加-s-s在清輔音ptk f后讀s在濁輔音和元音后讀z在輔音szd ?后讀iz口訣：清清濁濁元濁Cups, cats, cakes, roofs, fla

2、gs, keys, faces以s, x, ch, sh結尾加-es在sz?t?后讀izClasses, boxes, watches, brushes 以輔音+y結尾變y為i，加es讀zCities, countries, studies以元音+y結尾加-s讀zBoys, rays, days 有人還把以下兩個加入了名詞有規則變復數的行列:情況構成法讀音例詞以o 結尾加-es讀zHeroes, tomatoes, potatoes, Negroes加-s讀zBamboos, radios, zoos, photos, pianos以f, fe結尾變f, fe為v，再加-es讀vzLeaf-l

3、eavesLife-livesWife-wivesThief-thievesHalf-halvesKnife-knivesWolf-wolvesSelf-selvesLoaf-loaves加-s讀sRoofs, proofs, chiefs, beliefs, gulfs第二部分：不規則變化我們經常會看到有些名詞變復數時并沒有遵循上述規則。這就是名詞的不規則變化。還有一些名詞，單復數是同一個形式的。不過，我們還是可以通過一些比較，發現其中的一些奧妙。以下我將為大家講講名詞的不規則變化。一、有些名詞中保存了英語中古舊的復數形式，如：man-men woman-womentooth-teeth f

4、oot-feetchild-children goose-geesemouse-mice ox-oxen二、有些是外來詞，仍保有原來的復數形式，如：Phenomenon-phenomena（現象）Formula-formulae（公式）Thesis-theses（論文）Basis-bases（基礎）Analysis-analyses（分析）Criterion-criteria（標準）Crisis-crises（危機）Appendix-appendices（附錄） 三、部分單詞的復數形式不變。例：fishfish; sheepsheep; cattlecattle; deerdeer; salm

5、onsalmon, meansmeans四、compound nouns，這類復數詞是以主要的名詞來表示例：daughter-in-lawdaughters-in-law 媳婦; father-in-lawfathers-in-law岳父man-of-warmen-of-war兵艦; maid-servantmaid-servantsstep-sonstep-sons晚子; son-in-lawsons-in-law.但是，也有些合成名詞，特別是由man和woman構成的合成名詞，里面所含的成分，全都要變為復數，如：Man-servantmen-servants，woman doctorwom

6、en doctors等五、有些名詞經常是帶著-s詞尾的，但通常都作單數看待，如： Phonetics（語音學），physics（物理學），optics（光學），politics（政治），news（新聞）等。六、另一些名詞則以復數詞出現的機會較多例：bellows風箱; clothes; police; shorts短褲; scissors剪刀; spectacles眼鏡; shears大剪刀，trousers長褲，wages工資，belongings所有物， surroundings環境，savings儲蓄，findings調查結果，arms武器，clothes衣服，stairs樓梯，等七、另

7、外還有一些名詞，其復數形式有時可表示特別意思，例：goods貨物，waters水域，fishes（各種）魚，papers文件，證件，greens青菜，manners禮貌，ruins廢墟，troops軍隊，looks外貌，times時代，等第三部分：不可數名詞的計量方法（1）一般用“數字+of+計量單位+名詞”表示，（注意：當數字大于一時，表示計量單位的名詞可以有復數形式）。如：a piece of news 一則新聞 a piece of meat 一塊肉 a glass of wine一杯酒 two bowls of rice 兩碗米 a sum of money 一筆錢 five bags

8、 of flour 一袋面粉 a drop of water 一滴水 three bottles of milk 三瓶牛奶 two pieces of advice 兩條建議（2）用much/some/ a little/ little/ a lot of/ plenty of+不可數名詞練習題：1、 All the people at the conference are _.a. mathematic teachers c. mathematics teacherb. mathematics teachers d. mathematics teachers (C)2、All the _ i

9、n the hospital got a rise last month.a. women doctors c. woman doctorsb. women doctor d. woman doctor (a)3、-Are there any _ on the farm?-Yes, there are some.A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep (D)4、- They are thirsty. Will you please give them _ ? - Certainly.A. some bottles of waters B. some bottl

10、es of waterC. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters (B)5、Mike hurt one of his _ in the accident yesterday.A. tooth B. feet C. hand D. ear (B)6、There is some _ on the plate.A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears (B)7、The little baby has two _ already.A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths (C)8、We

11、 need some more_. Can you go and get some, please?A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe (C)9、Please remember to give the horse some tree_.A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave (B)10、He gave us_ on how to keep fit.A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice (B)11、Please pass me _. A.

12、two glass of water B. two glasses of waters C. two glasses of water D. two glass water (C)12、There are a lot of _ down there but hardly any _.A. sheeps, people B.sheep, people C. sheeps, peoples D. sheep, peoples (B)13、This table is made of _.A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass (D)14、_

13、 can get a better view of the game than the participants.A. Looker-on B. Lookers-on C. Looker-ons D. Lookers-ons (B)15、Some _ are flying kites near the river.A. child B. boy C. boys D. childs (C)16、Mr. Smith always has _ to tell us.A. some good pieces of news B. some pieces of good news C. some good

14、 piece of news D. some piece of good news (B)17、Twelve _ were hurt, but no _ were lost in that accident.A. person; life B. people; lives C. peoples; lives D. persons; life (B)18、In the view of the foreign experts, there wasnt _ oil here.A. much B. lots of C. a great deal of D. many (A)19、The police investigated those _ a