1、中文論文格式要求（樣本）基于神經網絡理論的系統安全評價王三明 蔣軍成 （南京工業大學安全工程研究所，江蘇，南京，210009）摘 要：本文闡述了人工神經網絡基本原理，研究分析了BP神經網絡模型的缺陷并提出了優化策略。在此基礎上，將神經網絡理論應用于系統安全評價之中，提出了基于此理論的系統安全評價模型關鍵詞：神經網絡 網絡優化 安全評價SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF THE SYSTEM BASED ON THE ARTIFICALNEURAL NETWORKAbstract: In the article the theory of ANN has been introduced.

2、At the same time some limitations of BP neural network have been analyzed and optimized methods have been supposedKeywords: Neural Network; Network Optimization; Safety Assessment1 引言人工神經網絡模擬人的大腦活動，具有極強的非線形逼近、大規模并行處理、自訓練學習、自組織和容錯能力等優點，將神經網絡理論應用于系統安全評價之中，能克服傳統安全評價方法的一些缺陷，能快速、準確地得到安全評價結果2神經網絡理論及其典型網絡模

3、型人工神經網絡是由大量簡單的基本元件-神經元相互聯結目前在模式識別中應用成熟較多的模型是前饋多層式網絡中的BP反向傳播模型，其模型結構如圖1。輸出層輸入層隱層輸入量Xi隱層輸出量Oj輸出層輸出量Yk圖1 典型BP網絡結構模型2.1 BP神經網絡基本原理 BP網絡模型處理信息的基本原理是：輸入信號Xi通過中間節點（隱層點）作用于輸出節點，經過非線形變換，產生輸出信號Yk3安全評價實例（1）安全評價參數的確定（3）評價結果當學習因子h=4.07，動量因子a=0.2，預設誤差為0.00001，單隱層，其隱節點數為L=9，模型迭代29254次，所得到的網絡評價的結果見表2。表2 企業神經網絡安全評價結

4、果安全評價參數網絡安全評價結果企業1企業2企業3企業4企業51-0.5-1.50.51.50.52-1.50.5-0.50.51.53-0.50.50.5-0.51.54-1.5-0.5-0.50.50.550.50.51.5-1.50.56-0.5-0.50.51.51.5安全狀況-1.5-0.50.50.51.5差可接受好好非常好 4 結束語本文將優化后的BP神經網絡應用于系統安全評價中，能對系統進行準確、動態的安全評價 參考文獻1 王俊普.智能控制.合肥:中國科學技術大學出版社,1996,1351772 施式亮,劉寶琛.基于神經網絡的煤礦安全性預測模型及應用.中國安全科學學報,1999,

5、l9(3):3437英文論文格式要求（樣本）Experimental Study of Water Sprays Effect on Gas Flame PropagationXI Yuhai & SEN Xi-an (Department of Mechanics, University of Science and Technology , Xian 710000,China)andQI Shuxia , HANG Li & ZU Ruru(Department of Chemical Engineering, Henan stitute of Technology, Zh

6、engzhou 450000,China)Abstract: The influence of water sprays on gas flame propagation was experimentally studied. The present results suggest that the mitigating effect ofKey words: explosion; flame propagation; water sprays1 IntroductionThe effectiveness of water as a fire-fighting agent is univers

7、ally recognized and water sprays are widely used in protecting structures and against fire. Recently, researchers have again focused on studying water sprays as a means of mitigating gaseous explosions152 Experiment Obstacles zoneGas supplyManometerDAS-820M data recorderPhototriodesSpark ignitorFTWa

8、ter spraysA 1480-mm-long, 89×89-mm-quadratic cross, horizontal FAT (flame acceleration tube) closed at one end was used (Fig. 1) Fig. 1 Apparatu3 Results and Discussion Fig.3 Ralationship Fig.3 shows that, before the flame burns into the water sprays zone, the flame speeds with no spray areTabl

9、e 1 The optimization resultsMethoThe highest /mmThe minimum /mmscenario543442prophase569364anaphase6785114 ConclusionsThe self-developed experimental system, the flame acceleration tube setup is valuable for the further study of the effectiveness of water spray on quenching gas flame. The present te

10、sts have demonstrated that water sprays can References1. Thomas G O, Edwards M.J, Edwards D H. Influence of Water Spra 附：參考文獻著錄內容要求及示例1 專著、書籍【著錄格式】序號 主要責任者. 書名. 其他責任者（如編者、譯者，供選擇）. 版本（第1版不寫）. 出版地: 出版者, 出版年. 頁碼Bird R B, Stewart W E, Lightfoot E N. Transport Phenomena. New York: John Wiley & Sons I

11、nc, 1960. 752 期刊【著錄格式】序號 析出責任者. 析出題名. 刊名, 出版年, 卷號（期號）: 起止頁碼Henry R C, Lewis C W, Collins J F. Vehicle-related hydrocarbon source compositions from ambient data:the GRACE/SAFER method. Eniron Sci Technol, 1994, 28(5): 8238323 會議論文集（或匯編）【著錄格式】序號 析出責任者. 析出題名. 見（英文用In）: 文集編者（英文姓名后加ed或eds）. 文集名. （供選擇項：會議名，會址，開會年.）出版地: 出版者, 出版年. 起止頁碼Ma Tingxi, Lu Xueshu. Computer aided analysis of the penetration of mounted tillage implement. In: Zhang Wei, Guo Peiyu, Zhang Senwen eds. Agricultural Engineering and Rural Development: Vol I. Beijing: International Academic Publishers, 1992. 1571604 學位論文【著錄格式】序號 責任者.