1、1. 中國書法( Chinese calligraphy) 漢字從圖畫和符號演變而來，中國書法藝術自然而然衍生于這一特殊的書寫體系，因此中國書法也被稱作線條藝術。盡管中國書法以漢字為表達工 具，但要欣賞中國書法之美，不一定非要懂得漢語。書法的目的在于保持(retain)自然之美，突顯(illuminate)人類精神之美。書寫的文字能夠彰顯書法 家(calligra pher)對生活和藝術的理解。書法作為一門中國傳統藝術，很早便為鄰國所青睞。Chinese characters evolved from pictures and signs, and the Chinese art of cal

2、ligraphy developed naturally from this special writing system, so Chinese calligraphy is also called the art of lines. Although Chinese calligraphy usesChinese words as its vehicle of expression, one does not have to know the language to appreciate its beauty. The purpose of calligraphy is to retain

3、 the beauty of nature and illuminate man' sspiritual beauty. The written characters reveal the calligrapher s unde'rstanding of life and arts. Being a Chinese traditional art, Chinese calligraphy also found favor in the neighboring countries from the early times.2. 婚俗中國是一個有 56 個民族的大國。不同的民族有不

4、同的婚俗。但無論是哪 個民族，結婚儀式都很復雜。傳統的中國婚禮儀式包括 6 個步驟：說媒、定 親、聘禮(betrothal presents)迎娶、拜堂(three bows)、喝交杯酒(wedlock wine)。在一對新人訂婚后，接下來就是挑選吉日成親。有一些人會請算命先生挑選 結婚的吉日(通常是雙日子) ，這樣就是雙喜臨門了?；槎Y慶典很隆重，最后 是很奢華的婚宴。China is a large country with 56 nationalities. Different nationalities have different marriage customs, but whate

5、ver the nationality is, the wedding ceremony is usually very complicated. The traditional Chinese marriage usually involves six procedures, namely: match-making, engagement, betrothalpresents,meeting the bride, three bows, and drink wedlock wine. When a new couple is engaged, what followed is a choi

6、ce of the date of their marriage. Some people would ask a fortune-teller for a lucky date (usually an even number) so that their marriage would have “DoubleHappiness ”T.he wedding ceremony is usually presided warmly, and the wedding ceremony very often ends with a very extravagant banquet.一項基本特征。鼓浪嶼

7、是位于廈門西南隅的一個小島，面積僅1.78平方公里，素以“海 上花園”的美稱享譽中外，是國家級重點風景名勝區。它四面環海，綠色蔥 蘢。環境優美，風光秀麗。它還是全國獨一無二的“步行島”，島上空氣清新, 沒有車馬的喧囂，卻時聞琴聲悠揚。島上居民多喜愛鋼琴和小提琴，很多中 國著名的音樂家都出生于此，故又有“琴島”和“音樂之島”的雅稱。Gula ngyu Isla nd, a small isla nd in southwester n Xiame n, covers an area of1.78 square kilometers, and is known, home and abroad, a

8、s the Garde n on the Sea. It is surr oun ded by the sea, and has beautiful la ndsca pe. In 1988, it was listed as one of the state-level scenic spots. It is the only “ orfoot ”island with fresh air becausethere are no vehicles. Many reside nts on the isla nd are music fans andPlay musical instrument

9、s such as piano and violin, and many Chinese-famous musicia ns were born here; hence its n ame the Isla nd of Music.4.少林寺少林功夫(Shaolin Kungfu)是河南登封市少林寺信奉佛教文化的和尚們練習的一種武術(martial arts)。少林寺，建于北魏太和期(Taihe Period十九年,是少林功夫發展的文化空間。少林功夫最初是佛教僧侶練習的，他們的職責 是保護寺廟?，F在經過1500多年的發展，少林功夫已逐步發展成為一種完 美技術 和豐富含義相融合的藝術，在全世界享

10、有聲譽。Shaoli n Kungfu is a kind of martial arts p racticed by monks un der the sp ecialBuddhist culture of the Shaoli n Temp le in Dengfeng City, Henan Provin ce. The S haoli n Tem pie, built in the Nin etee nth year of Taihe P eriod duri ng the Norther n W ei Dyn asty, is a cultural sp ace for the de

11、vel opment of the Shaoli n Kun gfu. The Sh aolin Kun gfii, which is origi nally p racticed by the Buddhist monks whose duties were to p rotect the temp le, has bee n gradually devel oped into an art of p erfect tec hno logy, abundant mea nings and high repu tati on in the whole world after more th a

12、n 1500 years of devel opment.5.中國城市化中國城市化(urbanization)將會充分釋放潛在內需(domestic demand)b 些 經濟學家指出，在中國幾乎所有的發展中城市都面臨著城市化的進程。這使 得許多人的生活水平有所提高，也為人們提供更多的就業機會。隨著越來越 多的人向城市遷徙，住房及城市基礎設施建設(infrastructure)，包括水源等能源 的供應將會成為城市發展的焦點問題。商品的快速自由流通是城市化社會的China's urbanization will release the full potential of domestic

13、 demand. Some economists point out that urbanization is a process that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country. It will lead to a better quality of life for many people, and provide individuals with more job opportunities. The construction of housing and city infrastructure, incl

14、uding water and energy supplies, will be a focal point of urban development as more people migrate to cities. The fast, free flow of goods is a basic trait of an urbanized society.6. 中國的傳統節日中國的傳統節日頗為不少，如春節、元宵節、端午節、中秋節、重陽節 等等，還有許多少數民族的民俗節日。隨著時間的推移，這些節日逐漸成為 中華民族的傳統節日。近年來，隨著民族文化的復興和發展，人們越發珍視 傳統節日。對于普通百

15、姓來說，這些傳統節日就是與家人團圓的寶貴時間。許多傳統的節日食品，如春節的年糕、中秋的月餅，也成為了人們傳遞問候 和祝愿的最佳選擇。China has many traditional festivals, such as Spring Festival, LanternFestival, Mid-autumn Day, Dragon Boat Festival, the Double Ninth Festival, etc.along with some particular festivals celebrated by ethnic minorities. As time passed,

16、 these gradually developed into traditional festivals for the Chinese nation.In recent years, with the rehabilitation and development of traditional culture， people began to attach more value to these native festivals. For ordinary people, these traditional festivals are precious time for reunion wi

17、th their family members.Many traditional festival foods, such as Niangao for Spring Festival, mooncakes for Mid-autumn Day, have become best choices for people to send their greetings and wishes to their relatives and friends.7. 假日經濟假日經濟的現象表明：中國消費者的消費觀正在發生巨大變化。根據統 計數據，中國消費者的消費需求正在從基本生活必需品轉向對休閑、舒適和 個

18、人發展的需求。同時，中國人的消費觀在蓬勃（prosperouS發展的假日經 濟中正變得成熟。因此產品結構應做相應調整，來適應社會的發展。另一方 面，只有服務質量得到了改善假日經濟才可以滿足人們提高生活質量的要求。The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people ' sconsump ti on concept is un dertak ing great cha nges. Accord ing to statistics, the dema nds of Chin ese con sumers are shift

19、ing from the basic n ecessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal devel opment. At the same time, their consump ti on concept is beco ming mature in the prosp erous holiday economy. Therefore, the structure of p roducts should be adjusted accord in gly in order to ada pt to social development

20、. On the other hand, only by improving services can holiday economy satisfy people ' s dema nd for an impro ved quality of life.8. 中醫中醫是世界醫學的遺產(heritage)。中醫有比西方醫學更好的治病方法。中醫的效果和醫治方式現在越來越流行了。中醫起源于古代，巳經發展了很 長一段時間，它收集了治療不同疾病的各種方法。1傳統中醫講究人們身體系 統的平衡。這是說，一旦人的身體系統平衡，疾病就會消失。身體系統的損 害是疾病的根源。Chinese medicin

21、e is a heritage of world medicine. Traditional Chinesemedicine has a power to heal people better than the western ones. Chinese medici ne effect and its way to heal people now become more and more popu lar.Originated from the ancient time，the Chinese medicine has developed for a long time and it has

22、 collected various ways to treat differe nt diseases. The traditi onalChin ese medici ne p ays atte ntio n to the bala nee of the body system. It is said that once the system of people is in bala nee, the ill ness will disa pp ear. The damage of the body system is the source of disease.9. 喝茶無論中國人走到哪

23、里，都不會改掉喝茶的習慣。茶最先由中國人發現, 它是中國人生活中不可或缺的組成部分。有一句中國諺語將基本的日常必需 品(basic daily necessities稱為柴(fuel)、米、油、鹽、醬、醋、茶。一千多年以來，飲茶的習俗已經在中國人心中根深蒂固(ingrained)。唐朝時，一個名叫陸羽的人寫了世界上第一部關于茶的著作茶經(Book of Tea)，這部書有助于在中國推廣飲茶藝術。Wherever the Chin ese go, the custom of drinking tea follows. Tea was first di scovered by the Chin e

24、se and it is an in dis pen sable part of the Chin ese life . A Chin ese say ing ide ntifies the basic daily n ecessities as fuel, rice, oil, salt, s oy sauce, vin egar, and tea. The custom of drinking tea has bee n ingrained in theChinese for over a thousand years. In Tang Dynasty, a man named Lu Yu

25、 created t he first book in the world on tea, Book of Tea. This work helped to popularize the art of tea drinking all across China.10. 秧歌舞秧歌舞(yangko)是中國漢族的一種民間傳統舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服裝， 他們的表演動作有力迅速。 在春節、 元宵節等節日期間，人們一旦聽到鑼鼓(drum and gong)聲，不管外面天氣有多冷，他們都會蜂擁到街上看秧歌舞表演。近年來，中國東北某些城市的老 年人自發組織了了秧歌隊， 隊

26、員常年通過跳秧歌舞來保持健康并樂在其中。Yangko is one of tradition folk dance of Han in China.It is usually performed in northern provinces. The dancers usually wear colorful and light costumes, and the performance is powerful and rapid. During some festivals such as Spring Festi val, Lantern Festival, if people hear t

27、he sound of drum and gong, no matter how c old the weather is , they will come to street and appreciate the Yangko. Recently, the old people in city of east-northern of China organized the team of Yangko by t hemselves, andthe teamers keep their health and enjoy dancing Yangko the whole year.11. 長城長

28、城是人類創造的世界奇跡之一。 如果你到了中國卻沒去過長城， 就想到了巴黎沒有去看看菲爾鐵塔(Eiffel Tower)，或者就像到了埃及沒有去看金字塔一樣。人們常說： “不到長城非好漢。 ”實際上，長城最初只是一些斷斷續 續的城墻，直到秦朝統一中國后才將其連城長城。然而，今天我們看到的長 城東起山海關， 西至嘉峪關 (Jiayunguan Pass) 大部分都是在明代修建 的。The Great Wall is one of the world wonders created by human beings! If you come to China without climbing the

29、Great Wall, it's just like going to Paris without visiting the Eiffel Tower; or going to Egypt without visiting the Pyramids!Men often say, "He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man." In fact, it began as independent walls for different states when it was first built, and

30、 did not become the "Great Wall" until the Qin Dynasty. However, the wall we see today, starting from Shanhaiguan Pass in the east to Jiayunguan Pass in the west, was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty.12. 景德鎮景德鎮，中國瓷都(ceramic metropolis),是世界瓷器藝術花園的 耀眼明珠。它位于長江南部，是江南一個有活力的城鎮。它制造瓷器(po rcela

31、 in)的歷史已經有 1700 多年,已經形成了豐富的瓷器文化。 稀有的瓷器文物,一流的瓷器工藝， 瓷樂器的優雅表演， 以及優美 的田園風光組成了景德鎮特別的旅游文化,而且讓景德鎮成為中國 唯一一個以瓷器旅游文化為特色的旅游城市。Jingdezhen, known as the ceramic metropolis of China is a brilliant pearl inthe world 's art garden of ceramics. It is a powerful town located on the south ofthe Yangtze River. It h

32、as a porcelain making history of over 1700 years which hasbeen crystallized into its rich cultural tradition of ceramics. Rare ceramic relics,superb ceramic craftsmanship, unique ceramic customs, graceful performance ofceramic musical instruments and beautiful rural scenery make up the peculiartouri

33、st culture of Jingdezhen and hence make Jingdezhen the only Chinese touristcity featuring ceramic culture.13. 中國假期中國人民依法享受超過 115天的假期,其中包括 104天的周末和 11 天的節假日。中國一年中有 7 個法定假日,包括元旦 、春節、清明節、五一勞動節、端午節、中秋節、和國慶節。員工有 5 至 15 天的帶薪年假。學生和老師有大約三個月的寒暑假。 在中國,暑假一般約在 7月 1 日開始,8 月 31 日左右結束,寒假是根據春節的日期,通常是在 1 月或 2月。Chine

34、se people legally enjoy over 115 days off including104 days ofweekends and 11 days of festivals. China has seven legal holidays in a yearincluding New Year's Day, Spring Festivalg,mQiing Festival, May Day, DragonBoat Festival, Mid-Autumn Day and National Day. Employees have 5 to 15 daysof paid a

35、nnual leave. Students and teachers have summer and winter vacations forabout three months. The summer vacation in China generally starts around July1st and ends around August 31s,t and the winter vacation usually falls on Januaryor February according to the date of the Spring Festival.14. 七夕每年農歷七月初七

36、的七夕節，簡稱七夕 (Qi xi) ，俗稱乞巧節 (the BeggingFestival),是中國傳統節日中最具浪漫色彩的一個節日。傳說每年的七月初七 是牛郎、織女相會的日子。在這一天，人間的喜鵲(mag pie)要飛到天上去,為牛郎和織女搭一座鵲橋，好讓二人渡過天河相見。在這一天的晚上，如果 靜靜地躲在葡萄架(grape trellis)下，就能聽到牛郎、織女說的悄悄話。The Double-Seventh Festival, called Qi xi for short, falls on the seventh dayof the seventh month on the Chinese lunar calendar. It is also known as “theBegging Festival ”an,d it is a traditional Chinese festival full of romance.According to the legend, Niu lang(Cowherd) and Zhi nv(Weaver Maid) get together on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month every year. On this day, all the m