1、外交聲明的翻譯文本概說 外交聲明是指以國家、政府、政黨、團(tuán)體或其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人名義，就某個或某些問題和事件表明立場、觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度或主張的外交文書。用于在報刊上公開發(fā)表，或向?qū)Ψ叫x后交給對方。按內(nèi)容和作者可分為單發(fā)聲明和聯(lián)發(fā)聲明。單發(fā)聲明是以一個國家、政府、政黨、團(tuán)體及外交機(jī)關(guān)、新聞單位或其 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人名義發(fā)表 的，性質(zhì)莊嚴(yán)、鄭重，在國際上特別重視和慎重使用，其中以國家政府名義發(fā)表的聲明意味其內(nèi)容特別重要，實(shí)際是國家的一種莊嚴(yán)宣言；以外交部名義發(fā)表的聲明，根據(jù)需要可加事實(shí)材料作其附件；新聞單位奉命發(fā)表的聲明，既是一種新聞消息的發(fā)布，又是代表政府對某些問題所作的表態(tài)；以國家的一定單位(如外交部新聞司)或個人

2、(如外交部發(fā)言人) 用發(fā)表談話的形式發(fā)表的聲明，一般語調(diào)較客氣、涉及的問題較具體，其鄭重性次于新聞單位奉命發(fā)表的聲明。聯(lián)發(fā)聲明又叫聯(lián)合聲明、共同聲明，是由兩個以上國家、政府、政黨、團(tuán)體或其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人聯(lián)名發(fā)表的。其中由兩國、兩黨或團(tuán)體發(fā)表的，具有共同宣言性質(zhì)，或具有雙方共同承擔(dān)某些權(quán)利、義務(wù)的條約性質(zhì)；由兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人共同發(fā)表的，一般是在一方訪問另一方時經(jīng)協(xié)商、談判之后，就某些問題發(fā)表的共同立場、觀點(diǎn)，或就某些問題表明共同承擔(dān)的權(quán)利與義務(wù)；會議聲明多屬政治性宣言，表達(dá)到 會各國對某些問題 的共同意愿、態(tài)度、主張或應(yīng)共同遵守的原則等。翻譯范例 1 1中國政府關(guān)于全面禁止和徹底銷毀核武器的聲明 2000.1

3、1.7 P37-41翻譯分析 原文與譯文的共同點(diǎn) 1. 文本結(jié)構(gòu)相似 2. 語言莊重簡潔 原文與譯文的不同點(diǎn) 1. 原文中大量使用排比修辭，譯文使用融 合與省略技巧忠實(shí)的表達(dá)了漢語句意。 2. 漢語原文主題突出，英語譯文主語突出。 3. 名詞修飾詞位置不同。譯例解析1. 外交聲明翻譯中修辭的轉(zhuǎn)換：排比 2. 外交聲明翻譯中主題性移位： 從主題突出 到主語突出 3. 外交聲明翻譯中詞匯特征的轉(zhuǎn)換：名詞修 飾語翻譯范例 2 2第七屆亞歐外長會議主席聲明（節(jié)本）P45-48譯例解析1. 外交聲明翻譯中詞匯特征的轉(zhuǎn)換：首字母 縮略詞2. 外交聲明翻譯中翻譯單位的確定：切分法 翻譯實(shí)踐 共建面向未來的亞

4、太伙伴關(guān)系 亞太經(jīng)合組織成立25周年聲明 中國 北京 2014年11月11日1.我們，亞太經(jīng)合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人聚首北京雁棲湖畔，舉行亞太經(jīng)合組織第二十二次領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會議。我們今天共同發(fā)表聲明，紀(jì)念亞太經(jīng)合組織成立25周年。2.我們憶及，亞太經(jīng)合組織于1989年應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，掀開亞太區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的歷史新篇章。25年來，亞太經(jīng)合組織矢志不渝發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，改善民生，共促繁榮，推動貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化、經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)合作“兩個輪子”一起轉(zhuǎn)動。亞太經(jīng)合組織全力幫助本地區(qū)經(jīng)受亞洲金融危機(jī)、國際金融危機(jī)的嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)，成為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長重要引擎。3.我們高興看到，亞太經(jīng)合組織已成為亞太地區(qū)層級高、領(lǐng)域最廣、影響力最大的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合

5、作論壇，正協(xié)力共建充滿活力、繁榮發(fā)展的亞太大家庭。進(jìn)步和成就4.我們贊賞亞太經(jīng)合組織自1989年成立以來取得的輝煌歷史成就。過去25年，亞太經(jīng)合組織成員經(jīng)濟(jì)體平均實(shí)施關(guān)稅降低超過10個百分點(diǎn)，推動區(qū)域內(nèi)貿(mào)易額和區(qū)域總貿(mào)易額提升7倍，亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)增速高于世界其他地區(qū)。5.我們認(rèn)可并贊賞25年來亞太經(jīng)合組織積累的許多成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)：秉持平等互利、相互尊重、開放包容、靈活務(wù)實(shí)、合作共贏的亞太經(jīng)合組織精神；遵循自主自愿、協(xié)商一致的合作原則。 確立茂物目標(biāo)，提出發(fā)達(dá)成員于2010年前、發(fā)展中成員于2020年前實(shí)現(xiàn)自由開放貿(mào)易和投資的兩個時間表。 亞太經(jīng)合組織認(rèn)識到貿(mào)易在創(chuàng)造就業(yè)、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和可持續(xù)發(fā)展方面的關(guān)鍵作用

6、，同時重申世界貿(mào)易組織所代表的多邊貿(mào)易體制價值及其中心和首要地位。歷史上，亞太經(jīng)合組織一貫支持以規(guī)則為基礎(chǔ)的多邊貿(mào)易體制并發(fā)揮引領(lǐng)作用，包括1994年推動完成烏拉圭回合，2001年啟動多哈發(fā)展議程，1996年成功達(dá)成信息技術(shù)協(xié)定，2012年啟動信息技術(shù)協(xié)定擴(kuò)圍談判，2014年啟動環(huán)境產(chǎn)品協(xié)定談判以及2013年達(dá)成“巴厘一攬子”協(xié)議。為支持“自由和開放的貿(mào)易和投資”，亞太經(jīng)合組織經(jīng)濟(jì)體承諾不采取新的貿(mào)易和投資壁壘，反對各種形式的保護(hù)主義。作為亞太和全球經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的先行者、引領(lǐng)者和開拓者，亞太經(jīng)合組織推進(jìn)最終實(shí)現(xiàn)亞太自貿(mào)區(qū)建設(shè)的進(jìn)程，推動貿(mào)易便利化，頒發(fā)亞太經(jīng)合組織商務(wù)旅行卡，支持全球價值鏈發(fā)展，制

7、定增長戰(zhàn)略，推動環(huán)境產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)貿(mào)易，提高供應(yīng)鏈績效，推進(jìn)互聯(lián)互通，加強(qiáng)實(shí)施良好規(guī)制實(shí)踐，解決下一代貿(mào)易投資議題。在經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)改革、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)制、婦女參與經(jīng)濟(jì)、衛(wèi)生、教育和勞工、氣候變化、糧食和食品安全、能源安全和可持續(xù)能源發(fā)展、綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)、藍(lán)色經(jīng)濟(jì)、中小企業(yè)、信息通信技術(shù)、交通、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)發(fā)展和投資、林業(yè)、礦業(yè)、反恐、防災(zāi)減災(zāi)和反腐敗等廣泛領(lǐng)域開展務(wù)實(shí)合作。6. 亞太經(jīng)合組織建立工商咨詢理事會，成為工商界提供政策建議、推進(jìn)亞太經(jīng)合組織議程的重要機(jī)制。產(chǎn)業(yè)對話和伙伴關(guān)系在加強(qiáng)成員經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和一體化方面發(fā)揮獨(dú)特作用。我們重申公私合作對亞太經(jīng)合組織工作的重要貢獻(xiàn)。新機(jī)遇、新挑戰(zhàn)7.我們深知，25年后的今天

8、，亞太經(jīng)合組織和亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)體正站在新的歷史起點(diǎn)上，面臨前所未有的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。8.我們高興地看到，亞太地區(qū)發(fā)展勢頭健康平穩(wěn)，圍繞改革和創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的努力競相展開，亞太作為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長引擎的地位進(jìn)一步鞏固。我們對亞太地區(qū)的光明前景充滿信心。9.與此同時，我們?nèi)悦媾R各種重大挑戰(zhàn)。我們認(rèn)識到，全球和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作機(jī)制蓬勃發(fā)展，亞太經(jīng)合組織必須不斷探尋創(chuàng)新合作路徑，實(shí)現(xiàn)本組織宗旨，繼續(xù)緊跟世界經(jīng)濟(jì)潮流，發(fā)揮引領(lǐng)和協(xié)調(diào)作用。亞太經(jīng)合組織亟需鞏固和推進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)程，支持多邊貿(mào)易體制，反對任何形式的貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義，防范碎片化風(fēng)險。10.成員經(jīng)濟(jì)體亟需在后危機(jī)時期尋求新的增長點(diǎn)和增長動力。為此，各經(jīng)濟(jì)體將加倍努力，

9、致力于破解瓶頸，加強(qiáng)互聯(lián)互通與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，以滿足增長需要。共建面向未來的亞太伙伴關(guān)系。11.今天，我們在此歡慶成就，展望亞太愿景和長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展方向。我們致力于鞏固亞太經(jīng)合組織作為本地區(qū)首要經(jīng)濟(jì)合作論壇的地位，推進(jìn)可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和繁榮，促進(jìn)亞太地區(qū)貿(mào)易投資的自由和開放。12.我們承諾在亞太經(jīng)合組織歷史成就的基礎(chǔ)上，本著互尊、互信、包容、合作、共贏的精神，共建面向未來的亞太伙伴關(guān)系。13.我們致力于共同打造發(fā)展創(chuàng)新、增長聯(lián)動、利益融合的開放型亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)格局。14.我們將繼續(xù)發(fā)揚(yáng)引領(lǐng)世界貿(mào)易組織發(fā)展進(jìn)程這一驕傲傳統(tǒng)，協(xié)同工作，維護(hù)和加強(qiáng)有力和富有生機(jī)的多邊貿(mào)易體制，增強(qiáng)世界貿(mào)易組織在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理方面的引

10、領(lǐng)作用15.我們決心推動宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)，加強(qiáng)信息交流和政策對話，實(shí)現(xiàn)政策合力，為地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長創(chuàng)造良好政策環(huán)境。16.我們重申2020年前實(shí)現(xiàn)茂物目標(biāo)的承諾，將在既有進(jìn)展的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步加大努力。發(fā)達(dá)成員愿為發(fā)展中成員提供支持和協(xié)助，幫助其實(shí)現(xiàn)茂物目標(biāo)。17.我們堅信本次經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會議的決定將為建設(shè)充滿活力、發(fā)展繁榮的亞太夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。鑒此，我們重申以下決定：實(shí)施亞太經(jīng)合組織推動實(shí)現(xiàn)亞太自貿(mào)區(qū)北京路線圖，開展實(shí)現(xiàn)亞太自貿(mào)區(qū)有關(guān)問題的聯(lián)合戰(zhàn)略研究，在現(xiàn)有區(qū)域自貿(mào)安排基礎(chǔ)上，盡早建成亞太自貿(mào)區(qū)。實(shí)施亞太經(jīng)合組織推動全球價值鏈發(fā)展合作戰(zhàn)略藍(lán)圖，共建有利于全球價值鏈發(fā)展合作的良好環(huán)境。實(shí)施亞太經(jīng)合組織經(jīng)濟(jì)

11、創(chuàng)新發(fā)展、改革與增長共識。實(shí)施亞太經(jīng)合組織互聯(lián)互通藍(lán)圖（20152025），決心在2025年前完成各方共同確立的倡議和指標(biāo)，加強(qiáng)硬件、軟件和人員交往互聯(lián)互通，實(shí)現(xiàn)無縫、全面聯(lián)接和融合亞太的遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)。18.我們決心共同探索適合自身實(shí)際情況的發(fā)展道路和發(fā)展模式，加強(qiáng)政策協(xié)調(diào)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流互鑒，為所有成員多元和共同發(fā)展培育良好環(huán)境。19.我們承諾綠色和可持續(xù)增長，通過更緊密的務(wù)實(shí)合作應(yīng)對環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)。20.我們承諾縮小發(fā)展差距，通過務(wù)實(shí)合作和相互幫助，實(shí)現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展。21.我們重申支持亞太經(jīng)合組織自身改革，促進(jìn)機(jī)制自我完善。我們將從機(jī)制、議題和貿(mào)易投資三個層面，加強(qiáng)亞太經(jīng)合組織與其他國際和區(qū)域合作組織的協(xié)調(diào)與

12、互補(bǔ)，更好抓住機(jī)遇，應(yīng)對復(fù)雜的跨境挑戰(zhàn)，為區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和全球經(jīng)濟(jì)治理做出更大貢獻(xiàn)。22.我們支持利益相關(guān)方參與亞太經(jīng)合組織合作，使合作成就惠及亞太區(qū)域更多民眾。我們歡迎工商咨詢理事會和其他私營部門代表積極參與，承諾與工商界建立聯(lián)系更緊密，合作更廣闊的互動關(guān)系。23.我們相信，通過上述努力，亞太地區(qū)必將迎來地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)更加融合，政策協(xié)調(diào)更加高效，經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)紐帶更加牢固，區(qū)域聯(lián)通更加順暢，與世界其他地區(qū)聯(lián)系更加緊密的光明未來。我們的持久承諾將確保亞太地區(qū)的和平、穩(wěn)定和繁榮。我們承諾為亞太經(jīng)合組織下一個25年的合作不懈努力，實(shí)現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展、繁榮和進(jìn)步的亞太夢想。參考譯文Statement on the 2

13、5th Anniversary of APEC2014/11/12STATEMENT ON THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF APECShaping the Future through Asia-Pacific PartnershipBeijing, China11 November, 20141. We, the Leaders of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), having met by Yanqi Lake, Beijing, China for the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders

14、Meeting, jointly issue this statement today to commemorate the 25th anniversary of APEC.2. We recall the establishment of APEC in 1989, which opened up a new historic chapter for economic cooperation in the Asia-Pacific. Over the course of the past 25 years, in pursuit of economic growth, better wel

15、lbeing of people, and common prosperity of the region, APEC has propelled progress through two wheels - trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and economic and technical cooperation. Having contributed to global efforts in meeting the grave challenges of the Asian Financial Crisis and

16、the International Financial Crisis, APEC member economies have been the main engine of global growth.3. We are pleased to note that APEC has become the premier, and most extensive and influential regional economic cooperation forum in the Asia-Pacific, unified in a common drive to build a dynamic an

17、d prosperous Asia-Pacific community.Progress and Achievements4. We acknowledge the historical achievements and the remarkable results APEC has delivered since its establishment in 1989. In the course of the past 25 years, the average applied tariffs of APEC economies have fallen by more than 10 perc

18、entage points, contributing to a seven-fold increase in both intra-APEC merchandise trade and APECs total trade, as well as higher economic growth compared to the rest of the world.5. We recognize with appreciation that many successful experiences can be drawn from the 25 years of APEC:- APEC has up

19、held the spirit of equality, mutual benefit, mutual respect, openness, inclusiveness, flexibility, pragmatism, and win-win cooperation; and followed the principles of cooperation, voluntarism, and consensus building- APEC has established the Bogor Goals, putting forward two timelines calling for the

20、 realization of free and open trade and investment by 2010 for industrialized economies and by 2020 for developing economies.- APEC recognizes the importance of trade as a key to job creation, economic growth and sustainable development, and reiterates the value, centrality and primacy of the multil

21、ateral trading system as embodied in the WTO. Historically, APEC has been consistently supporting the rules-based multilateral trading system, and played a leading role in facilitating the conclusion of the Uruguay Round in 1994, launching the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) in 2001, and achieving a s

22、uccessful conclusion of the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) in 1996, launching the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) Expansion negotiations in 2012 and Environmental Goods Agreement (EGA) negotiations in 2014, as well as achieving Bali Package in 2013. In support of free and open trade a

23、nd investment, APEC economies committed to refraining from raising new trade and investment barriers and combating protectionism in all its forms.- APEC has been a pioneer, pacesetter and pathfinder in regional and global economic cooperation, advancing the process towards the eventual realization o

24、f the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP), promoting trade facilitation, including expedited business travel through the APEC Business Travel Card, supporting the development of Global Value Chains (GVCs), launching the APEC Growth Strategy, promoting trade in environmental goods and service

25、s, improving supply chain performance, promoting connectivity, strengthening the implementation of good regulatory practices, and addressing the next generation trade and investment issues.- APEC has carried out practical cooperation in a wide range of areas, including structural reform; standards a

26、nd conformance; women and the economy; health, education and labor; climate change; food security and food safety; energy security and sustainable energy development; green economy; blue economy; small and medium enterprises; information and communications technology; transport; infrastructure devel

27、opment and investment; forestry; mining; counter-terrorism; emergency preparedness; and, anti-corruption.6. APEC has established a mechanism through the APEC Business Advisory Council to receive valuable inputs from the business sector in its policy deliberations. APEC fully appreciates the active r

28、ole played by business communities in advancing the APEC agenda. APEC industry dialogues and partnerships in a range of business sectors play a unique role in enhancing the economic cooperation and integration among the member economies. We reaffirm the significant value that public-private activiti

29、es have contributed to APEC work.New Opportunities and Challenges7. We recognize that today, 25 years on, APEC and the Asia-Pacific economies are at a new historical starting point, and are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges8. We are pleased to note that the overall development of the

30、 Asia-Pacific region has been sound and steady. With multiple efforts to reform and promote innovative development, the Asia-Pacific region is consolidating its leading role as an engine of global economic growth. We are full of confidence in the bright future of the Asia-Pacific region.9. At the sa

31、me time, we are facing grave challenges in various aspects. We also realize that in a world of burgeoning global and regional economic cooperation institutions, APEC must constantly pursue new and innovative ways to achieve its objectives and continue to keep up with the global economic trends to pl

32、ay its leading and coordinating role. APEC is expected to consolidate and advance regional economic integration, support the multilateral trading system, resist protectionism in all its forms, and guard against the risks of fragmentation.10. It is therefore imperative for member economies to find ne

33、w areas and driving forces for growth in the post-crisis era. To this end, APEC economies are committed to redoubling efforts to achieve breakthroughs on bottlenecks and work to ensure that enhanced connectivity and infrastructure development will meet the growing needs of the member economies.Shapi

34、ng the Future through Asia-Pacific Partnership11. Today, we gather to celebrate our successes and also look ahead, envisioning the future prospect and direction of the long-term development of the Asia-Pacific. We are fully committed to maintaining APECs profile as the premier forum for supporting s

35、ustainable economic growth and prosperity and advancing free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific.12. We commit ourselves to building upon APECs historical achievements, carrying forward the spirit of cooperation, and shaping the future through an Asia-Pacific partnership that is built

36、on mutual respect and trust, inclusiveness, and win-win cooperation.13. We are committed to jointly building an open economy in the Asia-Pacific that is based on innovative development, interconnected growth, and shared interests.14. Building on its proud tradition of leadership in advancing WTO pro

37、cess, we shall continue to work together to safeguard and strengthen the strong and vibrant multilateral trading system, so as to enhance the leading role of WTO in the global economic governance15. We are determined to promote macroeconomic policy coordination, and enhance information sharing and p

38、olicy dialogues, with a view to forging policy synergy, and creating a sound policy environment for the economic growth of the region.16. We reaffirm our commitment to realizing the Bogor Goals by 2020, and will reinforce our efforts based on the progress already achieved. Developed APEC members are

39、 willing to provide support and assistance to developing members to help them realize the Bogor Goals.17. We strongly believe that the decisions we take at this Economic Leaders Meeting will lay the foundation for a dynamic and prosperous Asia-Pacific in the years to come. To this end, we reaffirm t

40、he decisions taken:- To implement the Beijing Roadmap for APECs Contribution to the Realization of the FTAAP, and launch a collective strategic study on issues related to the realization of the FTAAP, with the goal of establishing the FTAAP as early as possible by building on ongoing regional undert

41、akings;- To jointly create an enabling environment for GVC development and cooperation through the implementation of the APEC Strategic Blueprint for Promoting GVC Development and Cooperation.- To implement the APEC Accord on Promoting Innovative Development, Economic Reform and Growth; and- To impl

42、ement the APEC Connectivity Blueprint for 2015-2025 and achieve the overarching goal of strengthening physical, institutional and people-to-people connectivity by taking agreed actions and meeting agreed targets by 2025, with the objective of achieving a seamless and comprehensively connected and in

43、tegrated Asia-Pacific.18. We are determined to jointly explore the development path and model suitable for each members specific circumstances. We will enhance policy coordination, experience exchange and mutual learning, and foster an enabling environment for diverse and common development of all m

44、ember economies.19. We are committed to green and sustainable growth, and addressing environmental challenges through closer practical cooperation.20. We are committed to narrowing the development gaps and achieving common development through practical cooperation and mutual assistance.21. We reaffirm our support for the reform of