1、中考首字母填空首字母填空是考察學生包括語法知識、 詞匯運用、上下文理解以及主旨把握 在內的綜合能力，對大部分學生來說，這也是出錯率最高的一道題目。中考首字母填空共考查7個題目，每空2分，考查各種詞性的單詞。要求所 填單詞在意義和語法上都要正確，即寫對單詞，也要寫對單詞的形式。請同學們 一定要重視動詞的時態和語態，名詞的單復數形式和代詞不同的格。首字母填空解題思路和技巧：4 第一步：通讀全文，初步理解大意4第二步：詞性分析（一）概述：考查實詞（動詞、名詞、形容詞和副詞）為主，虛詞（連詞和介詞） 為輔。所考單詞為教育考試院詞匯手冊范圍內，不會超綱，也無侮辱性詞匯。（二）詞性判斷方法：1、句子缺動詞

2、：每個句子（包括從句及并列句）都應該有且僅有一個動詞。Hobbies can r pressure.2、2子缺形容詞：一般出現在系動詞后或者名詞（代詞）前。Using iPads is especially h to students who are learning a language atdifferent paces.3、句子缺名詞/代詞：動詞前（主語）及動詞后/介詞后（賓語）位置。Twice a year parents are invited to have at of the food.They make promises to t to make changes in thei

3、r lives over the comingyear, such as to lose weight, to stop smoking, to get a new job4、句子缺副詞：句子主要成分完整，且語義上修飾動詞/形容詞。一般出現在句首，句尾或者是句中實義動詞前/助動詞后。Many students bring food from home, usandwiches.5、句子缺介詞：一般出現在名詞前或者是動詞后。一I realized I ' ve seen the world in a different light t my darling6、句子缺連詞：句子中出現了兩個

4、謂語動詞。People can download a 1 GB movie within 6 minutes in South Korea, b inChina it would take half an hour.練習時間：判斷下面空格缺單詞的詞性。It was 3:21 a.m. when ten-year-old Glenn Creamer was woken up by the smell of burning. Except for the cracking（爆裂聲）of flames somewhere below, there was not a sound in the two

5、-floor house. But he 1.at once what was happening.2.his father was away on night duty at a local factory, Glenn was worried about the safety of his other, his 14-year-old sister Karen and his 12-year-old brother Todd. He ran downstairs through the smoke-filled house to push and pull at Karen and Tod

6、d until they sat up. Then he helped them 3.the safety of the garden. There, his sister and brother, taking short and quick breaths and coughing, couldn' t move any more.The ten-year-old raced back into the house and upstairs into his mothers room.He found it 4.to wake her up and there was nobody

7、 to help Glenn carry her to the garden. But the boy kept calm. As a fireman said later,d with all “ He actethe self-control of a trained adult.”On the bedroom telephone, luckily still working, Glenn called 5.father. After Glenn made sure his father would telephone the firemen and ambulance service,

8、he got on with the task 6.saving his mother.First he filled 7.bucket with water from the bathroom and threw water over his mother and her bed. In this way, she would be kept away from the fire before the firemen arrived. Then, with a wet cloth around his head he went back to the garden.He could hear

9、 the fire engine coming up, but how would the firemen find his mother 8.the smoke-filled house where fire had almost covered the ground floor?Fetching a ball of string（純）from the garage, Glenn raced back into the house 9. rushed upstairs to his mother' room. He tied one end of the string to her

10、hand. Then he began to run back. He laid out the string as he went through the hall and back out into the garden.Minutes later he was telling fire Chief John Coughlan, e string will lead 10.to mother/can help you find mother." Mrs. Creamer was carried to safety asthe flames were breaking throug

11、h her bedroom floor.4第三步：詞意判斷（一）概述：根據上下文邏輯（包括句內邏輯、句間邏輯以及篇章邏輯）、重點詞匯來判斷詞意。常見邏輯關系詞-句間邏輯:類型對立關系并列遞進因果常考邏輯關系詞讓步：although, though, even though, even if, despite, in spite of 雖然，盡管，即使，即便，不管”轉折：but, however, yet, while, instead of, not.b®, 但是"并歹!J: and, and also, or, similarly, as well as, neither

12、 noreither ornot only but also, the sameas; on onehandon the other hand, for one thing for another,oneanother, someothers stillothers牙口/或/也 ,一方面另一方面”遞進：also, then, besides, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what more還，甚至，并且，另外"因為：because, for, since, as, due to, thanks to, because of, nowfor

13、this reason 因為，由于" 所以：thus, therefore, so, so 以“.that, such.that, asult條件舉例時間目的if, unless, as long as 如果， 除非，只要， 要是such as, for example, for instance, of (these, those, them), among (these, thosethem)例如,比如"when, whenever, before, after, since, as, while, until/till , as soon as at the same

14、 time every time, by the timein order that, so that, so as tq in order to 為了； 以便，以致于 "類型常考邏輯關系詞讓步：although, though, even though, even if, despite, in spite of 對立雖然，盡管，即使，即便，不管”轉折：but, however, yet, while, instead of, not.b®, 但是"并歹!J: and, and also, or, similarly, as well as, neither n

15、oreither ornot only but also, the sameas; on onehandon the other hand, for one thing for another,并歹！Joneanother, someothers stillothers牙口/或/也 ,遞進 一方面另一方面”遞進：also, then, besides, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what more還，甚至，并且，另外"邙八 such as, for example, for instance, of (these, those, them

16、), among 心刀 (these, tho®, them)例如，比如”*第四步：驗證語法。1、名詞的形式(復數，所有格)And that day I thought a lot about making some c in my life, as Ilistened to her innocent (天真的) words that cut me like a knife.But as the nation pays more attention to c health, healthier foods have started tfind their way onto schoo

17、l menus.2、動詞的形式(時態和語態即三單、過去時、現在分詞、過去分詞)It usually f with a response of"I' m good, and you? " or "I'and you? ”My daughter c her " conversation ” , as I sat down on the floor.3、形容詞/副詞的形式（原級、比較級、最高級）If a student spends more time watching videos on an iPad, he will have foppo

18、rtunities to have face-to-face communication with others.4、代詞的形式（格、單復數、反身代詞）The wind coming from the fan will blow away the empty boxes and leave the other owith soap.練習Passage （17 年寶山一模）At times we all get angry when we are driving. It might be because we are stuck in a traffic jam or stuck behind

19、a very s 81 driver. It might be because we think another driver has done something very stupid and dangerous. Whatever the reason, it seems that getting angry in a car is something which happens more and more often and there is now a special term f 82 it: 'road rage'（路怒癥）.Some experts even t

20、hink that road rage is a kind of mental illness! How can we recognize this 'illness' of road rage? There are two kinds of road rage: aggressive （攻擊性的）driving and aggressive reactions to the way other people are driving. Aggressive driving can take different f 83: Driving much faster than the

21、 speed limit.Increasing your speed very quickly.Driving very close behind the car in front and sounding the horn （喇叭）or flashing the headlights.Changing lanes very suddenly and b 84 another car.Moving into a parking space where another car is trying to park.There are also different reactions to the

22、way other people are driving. These include: Making rude signs at people.Shouting at people and threatening them.Deliberately （蓄意地）driving into another person's car.Hitting somebody.Using a weapon such as a baseball bat, or even a gun or a knife.Road rage is c 85 not a joke. There have been inci

23、dents 甫件）of road rage which have led to serious injuries and even murder. Experts think that one reason for road rage as that films show a lot of examples of fast and aggressive driving such as car chases where this kind of driving seems to be positive. Experts also think that the punishments for da

24、ngerous driving are not serious e 86 . Experience shows that driving problems can be controlled, but it takes a long time. In the UK in the last 30 years, the police have been quite successful in r 87 the number of people who drink and drive. They are now working to stop people using mobile phones w

25、hen they are driving. Let's hope they can have the same success with road rage.Intensive Reading and Translation from English to Chinese:1. It might be because we think another driver has done something very stupid and dangerous.Translation:Language points:表語從句；More examples: （Translation from E

26、nglish to Chinese2. My idea is that we should start making preparations right now.3. The question is whether the film is worth seeing.4. What I want to know is which road we should take.2. Whatever the reason, it seems that getting angry in a car is something which happens more and more often and th

27、ere is now a special term f 82 it: 'road rage'各怒癥).Translation:Language points:動名詞做主語；定語從句；More examples: (Translation from English to Chinese1. Collecting information about children' sjhealth is his2. Fighting broke out between the South and the North.3. Have you got anything that belon

28、gs to me?4. They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them.3. There are two kinds of road rage: aggressive 攸擊，性的)driving and aggressive reactions to the way other people are driving.Translation:Language points:way的定語從句；reaction to對一 的反應More examples: (Translation from English to

29、 Chinese1. I was impressed by the way in which she did it.2. She was pleased with the way in which he had accepted her criticism.3. Your reaction to things is sort of a habit and a part of your personality.4. People's reaction to the film has varied greatly.Word list:stickv.粘貼a traffic jam交通堵塞me

30、ntal 川ness精神疾病a special term特殊的術語recognizevt.辨認出reactionn.反應flashv.使一閃光；change lanes改交車道a parking place停車位includevt.包含，包括；threatenvt.威脅weaponn.武器murderv. / n.謀殺chasev. / n.追趕；punishmentn.懲罰；the number of的數目Summary:Re Reflective thinking:Passage （17 年楊浦一模）Teens and moneySo, you can ' t afford to

31、go out with your friends, and you can' t borrow any monfrom your parents. You need to get a job and earn some money!on' t worrythere are many jobs you can find and create. Here are some ideas.A looking after petsWhen your neighbors go on holidays, you can take care of their cat or dog or wha

32、tever pet they have. You give the animals food and exercise. A, many people work long hours and they will pay you to visit their pets during the day and take them for a walk.B Helping with studiesSome teens say they earn betweenfive and twenty euros an hour tutoring. Are you good at s, for example,

33、Math or English? Then you can earn money by helping others understand it too.C O jobsDo you hate working inside? Don' t worryfind out if there is a job in a park near your house. Often parks employ young people to collect litter or help with cutting the grass and looking after plants. You can cu

34、t the grass or clear the snow for your neighbors, too.D Department storesWorking in a shop can be fun-and you can s money too. Some shops oftengive employees 20-30 percent discount on cloths and other things, so when you buy things from the shop it c ' sor you.E Getting experienceThink about vol

35、unteering, too. Volunteers don ' t earn any money, but volunteering can help you get a job later. Think of a skill you want to learn or a business that interest you, then find an o that offers the opportunities. You will get greatexperience doing a job there. For example, you can volunteer at a

36、hospital. There good idea for students who want to be m workers. Do you like working withchildren? Why not volunteer to help at a local school? It ' s up to you to find a place that will help you learn.* Intensive Reading and Translation from English to Chinese:1. You can ' afford to go out

37、with your friends, and you can ' borrow any money from your parents. Translation:Language Points :Can' t afford to do sth Borrow sth from sb:More Examples : Translate these sentences into Chinese.1. Many hospitals say they simply can't afford to buy the modern equipment.2. If you can 

38、9; t afford to pay cash, buy the furniture on credit.3. Mary forgot borrowing a book from me last Monday.4. He had no money and didn ' t know anyone he could borrow from.2. When your neighbors go on holidays, you can take care of their cat or dog or whatever pet they have.Translation:Language Po

39、ints :Take care of:Whatever:More Examples :1. You have to learn to take care of your possessions.2. I take care of them to the best of my abilities.3. I was allowed to do whatever I wanted with my life.4. Whatever you want to chat about, we will do it tonight.W Word list:offerv.提供experiencen./v.經歷,經

40、驗volunteern.志愿者v.自愿做opportunityn機會affordv.負擔得起earnv.賺createv創造discountn.折扣v.打折扣employeen.被雇傭的人collectv.收集Summary:Re Reflective thinking:Passage ? （2014 年真題）A school newspaper The Teensasked over one thousand teenagers how they spent their spare time. Here they report the r 81 of the survey. It '

41、 not at allsurprising to learn that most teens said they wanted more free time. Most have less than an hour a day for after-school activities.P 82 activity was popular among both girls and boys, averaging between three to six hours a week. Favorite sports among girls were tennis, basketball and swim

42、ming. Boys said they liked football, basketball and skating.Speaking of entertainment, music and TV were popular. About half of those surveyed said that music was their favorite activity. This i 83 both listening to and playing music. TV was also very popular. Three quarters said they preferred watc

43、hing TV to reading a book or magazine.Unexpectedly, as many as three out of ten teenagers mentioned that collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time. They had v84collections from cartoon books and baseball cards to stickers, toys and coins.V 85 friends was also popular. Eigh

44、t out of ten teenagerssaid they met friends once a week. Nine out of ten said they contacted friends through the Internet. A 86 popular way of contacting friends was the telephone. Everyone we surveyed said they spoke to friends every day. Most said they spoke about twenty minutes a day. Surprisingl

45、y, teenagers s 87 went dancing, especially girls. Only one out of ten said they went to the dance regularly.毛：Intensive Reading and Translation from English to Chinese:1. Three quarters said they preferred watching TV to reading a book or magazine. Translation:Language points:prefer A to Bprefer doi

46、ng A to doing BMore Examples :1. I prefer swimming to skating.2. Most hostel tenants would prefer single to shared rooms2. Unexpectedly, as many as three out of ten teenagersmentioned that collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time.Translation:Language Point:asasout ofcolle

47、cting things was somethingMore Examples :1. Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.2. Please reply to me as soon as possible.3. Two out of nine people will choose this kind of set.W Word list:speak of談到；論及mentionv.提及；談到surveyvt.調查contactv.接觸quartern.四分之一；一刻 鐘in one's spare tim

48、e在某人的空閑時間unexpectedlyadv.出乎意料地Summary:Reflective thinking:Passaged （2015 年真題）It ' ascommon school day at Southern Cross School near the famous Kruger National Park in South Africa. Teachers and pupils don' t sit in 08classroomthey go through the forest or sit under the trees.The school teach

49、esstudents all the same s 82 as the rest of the country ' s schools, but the teaching methods are completely different. Southern Cross uses nature as a teaching tool. The teachers and their pupils go out into nature and work with animals and plants. These can be used to study a 83 from maths and

50、 social sciences to languages. The school is in an area where animals live wild and can be hunted. To get to class, students travel a road through the forest that wild animals use as well.The classroom for small preschoolers is a little different from the rest of the school. For example, the first l

51、esson of the day is maths, but the teaching method is very s 84 . In this school you won' tnear a teacher saying “Counhow many apples Jane has in her basket. " Actually, the children visit a nearby rive the coun number of marks left by animals. This way they can see how many different anima

52、ls come to d 85 during the night.The students are encouraged to take care of the injured and small animals. If they find a dead animal in the area, they study where the animal fits in the foot chain and how and why it d 86 .The headmaster says, “We must make people understand whawe are doing to the

53、e 87 . We need to care for our planet.” Intensive Reading and Translation from English to Chinese:1. These can be used to study anything from maths and social sciences to languages. Translation :Language Points : be used to do be used for doing sth. be/get used to doing sth. used to do sth.More Exam

54、ples : Translate these sentences into Chinese.1. Less than half of milk is used for drinking and cooking.2. He was used to the cold weather after he lived there for two years.3. We used to be good friends, but fell apart about a year ago.2. To get to class, students travel a road through the forest

55、that wild animals use as well.Translation :Language Points :that引導定語從句，More Examples : Translate these sentences into Chinese.1. That is the day that I'll never forget.2. Can you lend me the book that you talked about the other day?3. The factory that we'll visit next week is not far from he

56、re.4. Actually, the children visit a nearby river to count the number of marks left by animals.Translation :Language Points :left by animalsMore Examples : Translate these sentences into Chinese.1. We will go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago.2. Most of the artists invited to the party

57、 were from South Africa.Word list:preschoolersn.學齡前兒童Summary:Re Reflective thinking:Passage 5k*祗祗 （2016 年真題）The Young Persons Rail-card is very popular in Britain now. It gives young people the chance to buy c train tickets across the country. Just imagine, it could take you to festivals, to see fri

58、ends, or to London for a weekend break, at a lower price.Who can apply?Anyone between 16 and 25 years of age. You will need to provide something to p that you are under 26. For this, only your ID card, driving license, passport or medical card will be acceptable.Or, if you are an adult student o 25 years old but receiving formaleducation, you can also apply. You will need to get