1、寫作：30 小作文：信件 10 5-7 4分以下：不完整 8-9 大作文：漫畫作文 20 9-13 6 以下：跑題 14-16 ：語言思路：筆記語言：固定句型，范文真題：講解練習(xí)：寫，部分，全篇15 小作文：信件directions仔細(xì)閱讀directions1. 稱呼 write a letter to _ 1) 姓名：dear 姓名， dear bob, dear mr. wang, 2) 職務(wù)，職業(yè)，身份 dear職務(wù)，職業(yè)，身份 dear editor, dear editors, sales manager, 3) 部門，機(jī)構(gòu) to whom it may concern, dear

2、 sir or madam, 11: dear friend, 2. 署名 using . yours sincerely, sincerely yours, 空一行l(wèi)i ming 三段：3. 信件類型 （para1） 目的動詞：to do, doing ( write a letter to 后，提綱)） 態(tài)度：apology, thanks, congratulations , praise, complaints 事件 05、08 ：道歉） 大包小 09,07 建議信 06： 求助信兩大類. 與事件有關(guān)：感謝，道歉，投訴，祝賀，表揚(yáng). 與中心話題有關(guān)：建議，求助，邀請，推薦，申請. 細(xì)節(jié)

3、 （para 2 ）三段：目的 para2 ：細(xì)節(jié) para3 ：語域正文寫作：第一段：信件目的句） 固定句型 i am writing to i am to write to i am here to write to 動詞2）關(guān)鍵詞體現(xiàn)信件類型投訴： complain about/ of . to make/ lodge/ present/ issue/ raise my complaints about/ of to express / extend / deliver/ convey my dissatisfaction/ disappointment about 道歉： to apo

4、logize to you for to say sorry to you for to express/ extend my apology to you for to deliver my regret/ pity about 感謝：to thank you for / appreciate your , to be thankful/ grateful/ appreciated / obliged to you for to express/ convey my thanks/ appreciation/ gratitude/ obligation to you for 建議：to lo

5、dge / present/ issue/ address my suggestions/ advice/ proposals on .to lodge solutions/ measures/ approaches to 求助：ask for your help/ favor/ assistance/ aid in to beg you to do me a favor/ offer me a hand in 總結(jié)： 表達(dá)：express, extend, convey, deliver eg. i am writing to extend my congratulations to you

6、 on . 提出： lodge, issue, address, present, raise eg. i am writing to address my invitation to you to . 4) 事件、話題 （簡要提及）介詞+事件問題 （名詞）名詞概括experience/ mistake/ carelessness/ lapse of attention/ help/ reminding / instructions eg. 05 i am writing to express my apology to you for my decision to resign from m

7、y present position. 08: i am writing to extend my apology to you for my carelessness to take your cd by mistake. 動名詞：doing 從句省略結(jié)構(gòu) what/ how to do eg. 07 : i, as a student in our university, am here to write to lodge my suggestions on how to promote the service in the library. 09: i，a reader of your

8、newspaper, am writing to make some proposals on what to do with the white pollution. 一句話：1） 固定句型） 關(guān)鍵詞） 事件和話題eg. 11 i am writing to introduce to you a movie to my taste for your enjoyment. 介紹自己. 雙方熟悉 ：不介紹. 雙方不熟悉：可以寫可以不寫 as +n （身份）：主謂之間第二段：細(xì)節(jié)事件類：投訴，道歉，感謝，祝賀，表 事件經(jīng)過+事件影響+解決方案. 事件經(jīng)過：過去時， 2句 s1- 次要細(xì)節(jié) s2-（

9、遞進(jìn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)）主要細(xì)節(jié)遞進(jìn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)：to ones n. to my joy/ movement/ dissatifaction/ disappointment/ fury/ regret/ pity/ to my surprise/ beyond my imagination08:is not long since ived home from canada. to my surprise, your cd turned out to be in my baggage. 05: is two months sincebegan to work as an editor for your maga

10、zine. beyond my imagination, two months of experience here led me to realize my inability to adapt to the position. therefore, i hate to inform you of my resignation. 2) 事件影響 2句銜接手段：由于。 due to/ because of/ owing to/ thanks to / on account of 正反對比，虛實結(jié)合s3籠統(tǒng)表達(dá) much inconvenience/ loss/ many gains/ many

11、 benefits inconvenience/ loss to some extent s4 - 具體影響（假設(shè)）for/ without/ if it were not for , would do/ wouldnt do eg. 08 due to the carelessness, you must have felt much inconvenience. but for it, you would be able to enjoy the music in the cd. s3 投訴： due to the mistake/ ill-behavior/ lapse of atten

12、tion/ defects, i hate to mention/ recall much inconvenience / loss thus caused to me. 道歉： due to the mistake/ ill-behavior/ lapse of attention/ defects, i must have caused much inconvenience/ loss to you ./ i hate to see much inconvenience / loss thus caused to you. / you must have felt/ experiencec

13、d/ undergone much inconvenience/ loss. 感謝：、 thanks to the help/ favor/ instruction, i must have had a lot of gains/ i must have benefited from it. 05: due to the abrupt decision, i hate to see much loss thus caused. if it were not for my resignation, you wouldnt need to take time and energy to hunt

14、for a substitute for me. 3) 解決措施 投訴：處理投訴具體辦法 道歉：彌補(bǔ)損失具體辦法 感謝：回報對方具體辦法銜接手段：照應(yīng)，順承 considering/ given/ based on the situation to make up for / compensate for / reward . (主語發(fā)出不定式動作)道歉：就事論事08： make up for the mistake, ipost it back to you as soon as possible. 05:to reduce the loss to the largest extent, i

15、keep working until the proper candidate can take over my duty. 感謝： 萬能：當(dāng)面致謝reward i would like to 感謝in person/ formally/ personally when opportunity arises. 投訴：萬能：鄭重道歉 is appreciated / expected for you to 道歉 formally/ in a formal way. 具體： refund what i paid replace it with a new one without defects m

16、entioned above put a prompt end to the behavior and ensure the impossibility of similar matters. ask for compensations 倍數(shù)as much as paid 事件類第二段總結(jié)level 1 level 2level 3 經(jīng)過 （2）影響（4） 措施投訴s1-次要（1）s2-主要s3-虛指s4-具體（3）（假設(shè)） 處理方法（委婉）道歉彌補(bǔ)措施（真誠）感謝回報途徑（真誠） 銜接手段（1） 遞進(jìn)強(qiáng)調(diào) to ones （2） 因果：由于 介詞（3） 假設(shè)：虛擬（4） 對應(yīng)順承：非謂語動詞

17、舉一反三：祝賀信s1回顧取得成績s2- 最值得一提成績 s3- 成績很有意義s4要不是。 不會。(具體)向?qū)Ψ綄W(xué)習(xí)表揚(yáng)信s1回顧好人好事s2- 最閃光點s3- 很多意義s4- 要不是。 具體s5向?qū)Ψ綄W(xué)習(xí)話題類第二段：總分結(jié)構(gòu)s1- 話題總體概括（不與第一段提出話題重合）背景知識s2從不同角度展開建議信：問題+具體建議求助信：話題+具體要求邀請信：活動+具體希望申請信：職位+具體優(yōu)點. 建議信s1- 話題評價描述） 中性話題：（讓步）好處（轉(zhuǎn)折）改進(jìn)空間轉(zhuǎn)折：yet, still , meanwhile 讓步： though/ although +句子 in spite of / despit

18、e/ regardless of 好處: be good for/ play an important role provide an access to fulfill the purpose of afford . 話題 動詞 語= 賓語 done by 話題eg. although the library plays animportant ole in our study, = regardless of an important role played by the library in our study though the library provides an access

19、to knowledge, = despite an access to knowledge provided by the library 改進(jìn)空間there is still much room for its perfection/ improvement. there is still much room to promote/ boost/ foster . there is much reason to justify the improvement of it. there remain to be some points that need to work on. s2 - 具

20、體建議 （ 并列，平行列舉）是什么為什么first, first of all, in the first place, initially, primarily whats more, next, then besides, in addition, additionally , equally 給出展開角度：當(dāng)談到。with respect to as regardswhen it comes to in terms of as far as 。 is concerned eg. 07 with respect to its open time 建議角度) it is wise to ex

21、tend the open time to 11 p.m.（具體建議內(nèi)容） considering that most students can only go to the library after a whole days study. （建議理由）as regards the variety of books in the library, it is desired that the library can increase the diversity of books available to students in that it can satisfy the needs of

22、 students from different majors. 引出建議理由considering/ given/ in that/ stemming from the fact that in order to do/ so as to do / with the purpose of doing 提出建議：不用should 委婉: it is wise/ reasonable/ sensible/ rational/ desirable to do it is desired/ appreciated/ welcome/ that 2) 消極（so/such）不好+ （that）應(yīng)該解決

23、所以：, in this case, hence, consequently 倒裝such adverse/ negative/ hazardous/ harmful impacts/ influence/ effects has it imposed/ exerted/ afforded on that its time to tackle/ handle/ cope with/ do with there is much reason to justify thesolutions/ measures/ approaches taken to 解決s2具體建議 （平行）such adver

24、se impacts has white pollution imposed on health as well as the environment that there is much reason to justify the measures taken to eliminate it. first of all, everyone is expected to be equipped with the awareness of the hazards of white pollution, for it is the fundemental solution to the curre

25、nt situation. equally, it is wise to estalish relevant laws and regualtions to ban the use of plastic bags, which serves as the major source of the pollution. 建議信第二段s1- 好+改進(jìn)/ 不好+解決s2- 過渡句：我的建議如下s3- 建議一s4- 建議二s5總結(jié)句過渡句：我的建議如下listed as follows are my suggestions, which may be of some help. my suggestio

26、ns are as follows , which may be of some value to its solution. 總結(jié)句in this case, the problem promises to be solved properly. . 求助信 s1- 總括：理由，意義 s2過渡句 （希望能夠滿足如下要求）s- 具體要求一 s- 具體要求二 具體要求三 i have always been an enthusiast about the project hope, especially want to participate in it by financing a stude

27、nt in need. hence, your favor means a lot to me. with respect to the qualifications of the student, ihim or her to be one who has a strong desire to pursue the study while hindered by economic odds. when it comes to how to fulfill my plan, i will give away 300 yuan every year until he or she complet

28、es the compulsory education. 話題類第二段總結(jié)level 1level 2level 3 總體描述（2） 過渡層次（3） 具體展開建議（1） 好+改進(jìn)不好+解決我的建議如下建議123 （委婉）求助理由，意義重申求助我的要求如下要求123（委婉） 銜接手段（1） 讓步，轉(zhuǎn)折 ，因果（2） 過渡句（3） 平行列舉舉一反三邀請信 s1- 活動描述，對方參加意義 s2希望對方做到如下s3要求一s4要求二s5相信對方給我們帶來我們所需要的推薦信：s1- 總體評價s2如下優(yōu)點s3優(yōu)點一s4- 優(yōu)點二s5- 相信對方可以勝任申請信：s1- 理由， 意義s2- 如下優(yōu)點s3- 優(yōu)點

29、一s4- 優(yōu)點二s5- 相信雙贏機(jī)會eg. 11 the movietitantic, as for me, is one that impresses me deeply even long after i first saw it. i was extremely touched by its plots as well as the wonderful performance of actors in it. first, it is through its plot that iome to realize the truth that true love is independent

30、 of the gap in social status. second, with such vivid performance of the actors can the truth be precisely conveyed. as for me, i view it as a movie which deserves close watch and your consideration. 第三段：語域（語言得體） . 希望自己要求能夠得到滿足（委婉+致謝） i will be greatly appreciated/ obliged/ grateful/ more than delig

31、hted if 要求 if my complaints/ suggestions/ invitation/ application can be given immediate and favorable consideration. 投訴： if my complaints can be dealt with promptly in my favor 建議：if my suggestions can be adopted/ accepted/ put into practice 邀請：if my invitation can be accepted 申請：if my application

32、can be considered promptly . 希望收到對方回復(fù) （渴望+真誠） ilooking forward to/ awaiting / expecting/ anticipating/ eager for your reply at your earliest convenience. . 再次表達(dá)感謝，道歉，祝賀，表揚(yáng)完整句子again, once again, once more (插入語)，once more, would like to thank you for . 彌補(bǔ)回報對方愿望 （真誠） i frankly / sincerely wish to / exp

33、ect to reward/ make up for/ compensate for . as far as i/ as much as i can. 第三段：2句 投訴：1+2 道歉：3+4 感謝：3+4 建議：1+2 求助：1+2 邀請：1+2 申請：1+2 / 要求面試, 聯(lián)系自己 i am looking forward to an opportunity for an interview. if further information is needed, dont hestitate to contact me at 電話、 by e-mail. 推薦：1+ if further

34、information is needed, dont hestitate to contact me at 電話、 by e-mail. 祝賀：3+祝愿更大成績 may you achieve more in the future. 表揚(yáng)：3+ 更多人或事 信件：8句 （120 words） 大作文：漫畫作文 三段：160-200 180 -220 1）述漫畫 describe the picture and 象征意義 intended meaning 評論看法 comments/ implications examples 題材社會現(xiàn)象 積極： 10，02 中性： 09，06 消極： 05

35、，03精神 積極08， 07，,04, 01正文寫作第一段：描述漫畫 錯誤：1. 段首不要評價漫畫2后一句不要提及象征意義三句話 s1漫畫次要細(xì)節(jié) s2-（遞進(jìn)，突出）漫畫主要細(xì)節(jié)（與象征意義緊密） s3-啟下句（引出象征意義）如何判斷主要次要細(xì)節(jié)） 單人物單圖 s1- 人物在做什么 s2- 在環(huán)境 09 08 04 10 人物 網(wǎng)民 殘疾人 上 走向遠(yuǎn)方背景環(huán)境 隔開 互相攙扶 文化） 單圖多人物 群體：同單人單圖 主次：s1次要人物 父親 s2- 主要人物 子女） 單人物多圖次要：相同點花朵風(fēng)雨主要：不同點溫室表現(xiàn)） 多人多圖：逐圖描述 06 s1次要細(xì)節(jié)） the picture des

36、cribes/ shows/ depicts/ portrays/ reveals/ reflects/ demonstrates/ illustrates / presents that 賓語從句eg. 04 the picture portrays that an athlete is running through the terminal. what impresses me deeply is that the terminal means more a start than an end to him, from which he embarks on another round.

37、 2) the picture description） ws/ depicts/ portrays/ reveals/ reflects/ demonstrates/ illustrates / presents the scene / situation that 同位語從句eg. 02 the picture demonstrates the scene that an american is smiling in a graceful manner. what deserves my attention is that her smile takes on a particularly

38、 bright look against the traditional chinese dress in her. the implications of the picture deserves my further exploration and profound reflection. 2) the picture offers a description/ portrait/ demonstration/ revealation/ reflection/ presentation of 人，物，who/ which be doing 定語從句eg. 10 the picture of

39、fers a portrait of a hot pot , which is boiling with some ingredients in it. strikingly, what is being cooked in the hot pot are in the form of diverse cultural forms blending naturally with each other, ranging from western to oriental, classical to contemporary, national to global. 5) 倒裝句in the pic

40、ture/ in front of my eyes/ in my presence lie/ exist/ emerge/ arise/ stand 人物 ， who/ which be doingeg. 05 in the picture/ in front of my eyes arises an old father acting as a football, who is lying in the middle of the court. 描述 ed in the picture is/ are 人物，who/ which be doing revealed in the pictur

41、e is an old father , who is s2 主要細(xì)節(jié)突出：upon closer observation/ examination ly： strikingly, noticably what： what arouses my interest is that what can never be ignored is that what can never escape my attention is that what impresses/ touches/ strikes me deeply is that what deserves my closer examinat

42、ion is that what draws my attention is that s3 - 啟下句simple as the picture is, the meaning it conveys is far-reaching and thought-provoking. seeing the picture, i cannot help pondering over/ reflecting on the profound meaning intended through it. what is intended through the picture, clearly, far exc

43、eeds what is presented through the picture. there is much reason to pour consideration and reflection to what is really implied through the picture. the implications of the picture deserves my further exploration and profound reflection. 圖中表現(xiàn)和真實身份不一致兩者都要交待圖中表現(xiàn) a symbol of / symbolizing/ standing for

44、/ representing/ equivalent to 真實身份真實身份 in the form of / acting as 圖中表現(xiàn)第二段：象征意義+說明，展開（總分） s1概括象征意義：基于文字提示） 比喻：喻體還原成本體：溫室：溺愛 花朵：孩子 風(fēng)雨：困難 childern, if over-spoiled, cannot stand the test of difficulty. 01: 黑暗：困境 明亮：克服困難 love can help those in trouble overcome the difficulty confronting them. 2) 個體代表一類：

45、個體擴(kuò)展類別02：美國女孩：外國人服裝；傳統(tǒng)文化 the influence of chinese traditional cultures has gone beyond the boundary of china, exerting increasing fascination on foreigners. 3) 任何人任何事：普遍道理04 ：no matter what we do, the achievements ever obtained serve as the foundation for the next breakthrough. 08: cooperation is of

46、 great value to whatever we do. 4) 引號 引號外：話題，領(lǐng)域 引號里：與話題結(jié)合（縮小范圍）：some young people escape their responsibility to provide for parents. 09: internet affords convenience in communication as well as isolation in emotion. 10: cultural fusion is of various benefits, whether it be short-term or long-term.

47、） 其他：社會問題 簡潔the picture, clearly/ undoubtedly/ obviously/ apparently, conveys/ embodies/ illutrates/ reveals the phenomenon/ social problem/ truth/ values / life attitude/ outlook that the picture reminds me of / associates me with / draws my attention to s2 - 圍繞象征意義展開 現(xiàn)象類 ： ） 消極社會現(xiàn)象：找原因 s1- 消極現(xiàn)象是什么

48、 s2- 評價現(xiàn)象 （so/such 不良影響+that引起關(guān)注） s3- 過渡句（有一些原因?qū)е铝诉@個問題）原因一 (平行) s5原因二 （列舉角度） s6 這樣的話，。 是不足為奇的不良影響afford society, negative/ adverse/ destructive/ harmful/ hazardous impacts/ influence / effects exert/ impose ./ affilict . on pose a threat/ a danger to 引起關(guān)注 arouse wide concern over spark / trigger uni

49、versal discussion spark wide controversy give rise to public debate pour attention to eg. 05 such adverse effects has the problem affilicted on society that it has aroused wide concern over its emergence/arising/ prevalence. 有一些原因?qū)е铝诉@個問題there are some/ a series of/ a chain of/ a trail of/ a combinat

50、ion of / a multitude of / an array of/ a wide range of (許多，一些) reasons、factors/ elements （原因） leading to/ contributing to/ responsible for/ conductive to / giving rise to (導(dǎo)致) this problem、 its ermergence/ prevalence . 產(chǎn)生、問題 由于 許多 原因 depend on/ rely on/ count on/ stem from / be attributed to / be tr

51、aced to .eg. 05 the picture draws my attention to the social problem that some young people escape their responsibility to provide for their parents. such adverse effects has it exerted on society that it has sparked wide debate over its emergence. it can be illustrated in terms of individual and so

52、ciety. individually speaking, some are not equipped with the awareness to take it as their obligation to look for the old, let alone practice it in real life. our society also plays a part. our society places an excessive emphasis on success in fortune and career at the cost of a decline in morality

53、 and family responsibilty. in this case, it is no wonder that such a problem prevails in life. 找原因思路，角度. 個人意識 some are not equipped with / lack the awarness/ consciousness of n/ to do , let alone practice it in real life/動詞. eg. 11 some are not equipped with the awareness of shared moral code, let a

54、lone preserve the public environment where he lives in real life just as what the two are doing in the picture. . 社會環(huán)境氛圍our society places excessive emphasis on / attaches undue importance to at the cost of a decline in / ignoring eg. our convention places excessive emphasis on what parents should do for children at the