1、Book III unit 5 Canada-“The True North”I. 課文再現：1. Canada is a multicultural country like China. It is the second largest(large) country in the world.(P33)2Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins on the Atlantic coast. Rather than take the aeroplane all the wa

2、y, they decided to fly from China to Vancouver and to take the train from west to east across Canada in September. (P34)3. It is the second biggest(big) country in the world and as you go eastward, you will see mountains, and pass thousands of lakes, forests and wide rivers as well as cities. The id

3、ea that you can cross Canada in less than five days is just wrong. (P34)4. Many people think it is the most beautiful city in Canada, as it is surrounded by mountains on the north and east and the Pacific Ocean on the west. (P34)5. On the coast north of Vancouver some of the oldest and most beautifu

4、l forests in the world still remain. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall. (P34) 6. That afternoon in the train the cousins settled down in their seats. They crossed the Rocky Mountains earlier that day and looked out of the windows at the wild scenery. (P34)7. Many of them have a gi

5、ft for working with animals and they can win thousands of dollars in prizes. (P34)8. Most Canadians live within 320 kilometres of the USA border, and in fact, the population of Canada is only slightly over thirty million. They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that were thousands o

6、f square kilometers in size. (P34)9. Around moon they arrived in Toronto, the most wealthy and biggest city in Canada. They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city. They went up the tall CN Tower, and looked across the lake. (P38)10. The train left late that nig

7、ht and arrived in Montreal at dawn the next morning. (P38)11. They spent the afternoon in the lovely shops and visiting the artists in their workplaces beside the water. (P39)12. That night as the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River toward the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the East Coas

8、t, the cousins dreamed of French restaurants and red maple leaves. (P39)13. When there is a frost, the temperature outside falls below freezing(freeze) point and the ground is covered with(cover) a thin layer of ice. (P70)II. 短語翻譯：1在旅行 be on a trip (P34) 2. 從頭至尾；自始至終 all the way(P34)3. 坐飛機 take the

9、aeroplane(P34) 4. 坐火車 take the train(P34) 5. 等候 wait for(P34) 6. 在機場 at the airport (P34)7. 在去火車站的路上 on the way to the station (P34) 8. 向東走 go eastward(P34)9. 少于 less than (P34) 10. 在以北的海岸 on the coast north of(P34)11. 安定下來 settle down (P34) 12. 向外看 look out of (P34)13. 對有天賦 have a gift for (P34) 14

10、. 事實上 in fact (P34)15. 穿過，通過 go through(P34) 16. 在的盡頭 at the top end of (P35)17. 接近，臨近 be close to (P35) 18. 淡水fresh water (P35)19. 五大湖區 the five Great Lakes(P35) 20. 自然資源 natural resource (P35)21想出；計算出 figure out (P36) 22. 觀看 have a view of (P36)23. 在一個小時之內within an hour(P36) 24. 過境 cross the borde

11、r (P36)25. 在商店徘徊 wander about the shops (P36) 26. 做出選擇 make ones choice (P37)27. 官方語言 official language (P37) 28. 輪流 take turns (P38)29. 做筆記 make notes (P38) 30. 第二天早上 the next morning (P38)31. 大約中午的時候 around noon(P38) 32. 去旅游 go on a tour (P38)33. 在遠處 in the distance(P38) 34. 流入flow into (P38)35. 遠

12、到；直到as far as (P38) 36. 拂曉時 at dawn (P38)37去市商業區 go downtown (P38) 38. 夢想 dream of (P39)39. 作關于的報告 make a report on(P39) 40. 在邊境上 on the border (P70)41. 分界線 the dividing line (P70) 42. 結冰點 freezing point(P70)43. 覆蓋 be covered with(P70) 44. 居的首位；在的最前面 at the head of (P70) 45. 在政府辦公室 in a government o

13、ffice (P70) 46. 加速 speed up (P70)47. 趕上火車 catch the train(P70) 48. 造句 make sentences (P71)49. 在校園里 on the campus (P71) 50. 違反規定break the rule (P71)51. 欣喜若狂 be wild with joy (P71) 52. 給送行 see sb. off (P71)53. 表達某人的愿望 express ones wish(P71) 54. 發號司令；下命令 give the order (P71)55. 這個月底 by the end of this

14、month (P71) 56. 評論某事 make some comments on(upon) sth (P71)57. 出發 set off (P72) 58. 收到某人的來信 hear from (P72)59. 遠離 far away from (P73) 60. 閃爍著耀眼的光芒 shine with bright lights(P71) 61. 在網上on the Internet (P74)62. 聽錄音listen to the tape (P75) 63. 注意pay attention to (P75)IV單詞1 eastward (1). adv. =eastwards

15、向東地 e.g. to travel eastwards 向東方旅行(2). adj. 向東的；向東方的 e.g. in an eastward direction 在向東的方向注意：不能說go to eastward 拓展：(1). -ward后綴，表示方向，可用作形容詞和副詞（作副詞時等于wards）forward(s) 向前 backward(s) 向后 upward(s) 向上downward(s) 向下 inward(s) 向里 outward(s) 向外eastward(s) 向東 southward(s) 向南 northward(s) 向北westward(s) 向西 side

16、ward(s) 向一邊(2). 方位名詞： east n. 東方 west n. 西方 north n. 北方 south n. 南方 northwest n.西北 northeast n. 東北 southeast n. 東南 southwest n. 西南 eastern adj. 東方的 n. 東方人 western adj. 西方的 n. 西方人 northern adj. 北方的 n. 北方人 southern adj. 南方的 n. 南方人 northwestern adj. 西北的 northeastern adj. 東北的 southeastern adj. 東南的 south

17、western adj. 西南的2. surround vt. 圍繞，包圍e.g. a. Many trees surround the house. 房子四周有許多樹。 b. The school was surrounded by/with a fence. 學校四周圍著籬笆。surround sb./sth with sb/sth 使某人/某物包圍某人/某物be surrounded by /with 被包圍或環繞派生詞：surrounding adj. 附近的，四周的surroundings n. 環境類比延伸：surroundings/condition/environment(1)

18、. surroundings 作為“環境”，永遠用復數形式，主要指周圍的物質環境。(2). condition 的復數形式conditions可表示“環境、情況”的意思，但它主要是抽象意義上的。(3). environment 作“環境”講時，是集合名詞單數，既可表示抽象概念也可表示具體意義，包括周圍環境、外界、自然環境、社會環境等等。 e.g. a. The peasants are allowed to cultivate the surrounding land. 允許農民耕種周圍的土地。 b. Animals in a zoo are not living in their natur

19、al surroundings.動物園里的動物們不是生活在自然環境中。 c. It is difficult to imagine that youre working in such poor conditions.很難想象你是在這樣的條件下工作的。 d. An unhappy home environment can affect a childs behavior. 不愉快的家庭環境能影響兒童的行為。3. extremely adv. 極端；極其；非常e.g. a. Its extremely hot today. 今天特別熱。拓展：extreme adj. (1). 末端的，盡頭的 e

20、.g.stand at the extreme edge of the bank 站在河岸的極邊緣(2). 極度的；極端的；最大的；過分的be in extreme danger 在極度危險中the extreme penalty 極刑；死刑(3). 急進的；激烈的；嚴厲的；狂熱的take extreme measures 采取激烈措施quite extreme in ones views 觀點很急進4. settle vt&vi. 定居；解決；平靜下來；（使）安坐e.g a. Many foreigners have settled (=have been settled)in China

21、in recent years. 很多外國人現在已經在中國定居了。 b. You must settle all your problems before leaving. 在你離開之前，必須把你所有的問題都解決了。 c. He took a pill to settle his stomach. 他服了一粒藥治肚子。派生詞： settlement n. 定居；移民 settler n. 移居者 settled adj. 固定的；不變的拓展：settle down (1). 定居；過安定的生活(2). 平靜下來；安下心來，專心致志于（to） e.g. a. settle down to wri

22、te an article 靜下心來寫一篇文章 b. settle down to ones work 安定下來專心工作 c. settle down to dinner 坐定下來吃飯settle (sb) in （幫某人）遷入新居settle on sth 選擇某事物；決定做某事settle ones affairs 安排好自己的事情That settles! 事情就那樣決定了！類比延伸：(1). settle; settle down 兩者都可以作不及物動詞，都有“（sb）安下心來；安定下來；安居”之意, 一般可以換用。 e.g. a. The family finally settled

23、 (down) in South America.這家人最后在南美安居下來。 b. I cant settle (down) to (do) anything. 我無法安下心來做任何事。Settle 還有“（sth）降落，停息（on,over）” “解決”；“調停”之意，可作及物動詞。 e.g. a. Its time you settled your dispute with him. 現在你該跟他把爭端解決了。 b. The bird settled on the branch. 那只鳥落在樹枝上了。(2). decide, determine, settle這三個詞都有“決定”之意。 d

24、ecide 是普通用詞，側重指經過思考、比較、討論或詢問之后做出的決定。 determine 指經過深思熟慮，決心去做某事并堅持施行，常涉及范圍比較狹小的問題。settle 指排除猶豫、懷疑和爭論之后作出明確的最終結論，強調解決的定局。e.g. a. Dont decide on important matters too quickly. 不要過于匆忙地對重要的事情做決定。 b. We determined on an early start/that wed make an early start.我們決定早些出發了。 c. You owe a lot, and its now time

25、to settle (with your creditors). 你欠了很多債，現在該償還（給債權人）了。5within(1). prep. 表地點，意為“不出之遠”，在一確定范圍之內。(2). prep. 指時間長度，意為“在一段時間之內”，“不到” e.g. a. Hell arrive within an/the hour. 他一小時內就到。(3). prep. 可用于引申意義，同一些抽象名詞連用，表示在一定的限度和范圍之內。 e.g. a. She lives within five minutes walk. 她住的地方走五分鐘就到了。 b. The factory is withi

26、n easy reach of Beijing. 這工廠就在北京附近。(4). prep. 與表示人的代詞或名詞連用，表示“在內心里”。 e.g. He felt the anger mounting up within him. 他感覺到怒氣涌上心頭。(5). adv. 在里面；在屋里；在內心 e.g. a. He whitewashed the wall within yesterday. 昨天他把屋子內的墻壁粉刷一新。 b. He looks strong appearance but feeble within. 他外表看起來很強壯，但其實內心很脆弱。拓展：within sight 在

27、視線范圍之內within ones reach 在某人夠得著的范圍內反out of ones reach within ones power 在某人的能力范圍之內within ones income 量入為出within and without 里里外外back and forth 來來回回up and down 上上下下，前前后后，來來回回類比延伸：(1). within 用作介詞時意為“在之內，不超出”, 用作副詞時意為“在內，在內部”，多用于書面語中。(2). inside 用作介詞時，其含義是“在里面，在內部”表示具體的位置關系，用作副詞時，其含義為“在里面，在內部”，多用于口語中。

28、e.g. a. He will be back within a month. 他一個月內就會回來。 b. Cleaner required. Apply within. 招聘清潔工。應聘者請進。 c. Dont let the dog come inside the house. 不要讓狗進入房子。 d. We had to move inside when it began to rain. 開始下雨了，我們只好躲進屋里。(3). within 和in 都可用來表時間，within 指期限之內，而in則指期限之外。 e.g. a. Mr. Gray will return within a

29、 week. 格雷先生將在一周之內回來。 b. Mr. Gray will return in a week. 格雷先生將在一周之后回來。6border (1). n. 邊；邊緣；（女服的）滾邊；邊境；國界 e.g. a. His handkerchief had a white border. 他的手帕有白色的花邊。 b. The soldiers are guarding the border. 這些士兵在守衛邊疆。(2).vi. 接界（on, upon） vt. 在（衣服等）上鑲邊；接近；接壤 e.g. a. The two villages border on each other.

30、這兩個村相互接界。 b. She wanted to border the dress with silk. 她想把裙子鑲上絲邊。 c. France borders Germany along parts of the Rhine. 法國沿萊茵河部分河段與德國接壤。派生詞：borderer n. 邊境居民 borderland n. 邊疆 borderline n. 邊境線拓展：a border town 邊境城市the border of the lake 湖邊on the border of 將要；接近于；瀕臨于border on/upon sth 接近某物；毗鄰某物類比延伸：borde

31、r/boundary/frontier(1). border 邊境，邊界，常指沿兩國邊界的地區(2). boundary 邊界線，分界線，常指分隔兩國人的天然的山脈、河流等界線(3). frontier 邊疆、國境，指一個國家的邊界，還可指領域，指領域時要用復數。 e.g. a. She has been working in a border region since her graduation. 她畢業后一直在邊區工作。 b. The Yalu River forms a boundary between China and Korea.鴨綠江構成了中國與朝鮮兩國間的分界線。 c. Th

32、e soldiers guarded the frontiers of the country. 戰士們保衛著祖國的邊疆。7slightly adv. 稍微；輕微地 e.g. a. I feel slightly ill today. 我今天覺得有點兒不舒服。 b. There is just slightly too much salt in the soup. 湯里的鹽稍微放多了些。派生詞： silght adj. 輕微的；瘦小的v. 怠慢（某人）；冷落n. 蔑視；侮辱 slightness n. 輕微，微小的事情 slightingly adv. 不屑一顧地 拓展：in the slig

33、htest 絲毫；一點兒 e.g. You didnt embarrass me in the slightest. 你一點兒也沒讓我為難。put a slight on/upon sb. 蔑視某人 suffer slights （from sb） 受到（某人）怠慢slight ones work 玩忽職守8figure n. (1). 外形；輪廓；體形；隱約可見的人影（或物影） e.g. a. keep ones figure 保持體形 b. have a well-developed figure 體態壯健 (2). 圖形；圖案；（書本中的）插圖；圖表 e.g. a. a square (

34、round) figure 方（圓）形 b. a geometrical (plane, solid) figure 幾何（平面，立體）圖形 (3). 形象，人物；身份；地位 e.g. a. historical figures 歷史人物 b. a person of figure 地位高的人 c. a key figure 關鍵人物 (4). 畫像；塑像 e.g. a. a half-length figure 半身像 (5). 數字；位數；符號 e.g. a. have a head for figures 數字概念強vt&vi. (1). 描繪；塑造；想象 e.g. figure sth

35、 to oneself 想象某事物 (2). 計算 e.g. figure expenses 計算開支 (3). 相信；估計；揣測(=guess) e.g I figure hell be back. 我估計他很快會回來。拓展： figure in 包括進；算進（某項開支等） figure on (1). 把估計在內； (2). 指望 e.g. We figure on your coming early.我們指望你會早些來。 (3). 計劃 e.g. I figure on going there on Monday. 我打算星期一到那兒去。 figure out (1). 合計為（at）

36、e.g. figure out at 150 yuan. 合計為一百五十元。 (2). 計算出；解決 e.g. figure out a problem 解決一道算題 (3). 領會到；斷定 e.g. I couldnt figure out who he was. 我想不出他是誰。 figure up 把總加起來；計算 e.g. figure up an account 算出帳目的總數類比延伸：(1). figure n. 數字；人像；肖像；圖表；人影 v. 出現；計算出；理解；推想(2). shape n. 形狀；（模糊的）人影=figure v. 做成某物的形狀 e.g. a. The

37、earth is of the shape of an orange. b. The child would like to shape the sand into a tower, but failed. c. We bought the house at a high figure. d. I cant figure that man out. 9terrify vt. 使恐怖；使驚嚇；恐嚇 e.g. a. His sudden appearance terrified them. =They were terrified by/at his sudden appearance. 他的突然

38、出現嚇了他們一跳。 terrify sb=frighten sb/sth terrify sb into doing sth 嚇得某人做某事派生詞： terrified adj. 驚恐的；恐怖的 terrifying adj. 可怕的；令人恐怖的 terrible adj. 可怕的；恐怖的；極壞的 terror n. 恐懼；恐怖拓展：be terrified out of ones sense 嚇得魂不附體be terrified of （對感到）害怕 e.g. a. The child was terrified of being left alone in the house.那孩子因一個

39、人留在家里而害怕。 b. She was terrified out of her senses/wits.她嚇得魂不附體。 c. A terrifying storm is on its way. 一場可怕的暴風雨就要來了。 d. My room was in a terrible state of disorder.我的房間凌亂不堪。 e. How terribly boring he is!他是多么令人討厭！注意：表達人物的“情感反應”的動詞往往可以構成兩個形容詞：一個是動詞的現在分詞-ing形式，修飾事物類名詞，表示主動關系，說明被修飾事物的性質特點；一個是動詞的過去分詞-ed形式，修

40、飾具有情感的人或動物，表被動關系，說明被修飾者的心理感受。這類動詞有：puzzle, interest, excite, move, tire, bore, frighten, surprise, astonish, shock, annoy, worry, please, satisfy, disappoint等。類比延伸： be afraid of/fear/frighter/terrify(1). be afraid of 是最寬泛的說法，表示害怕或擔憂，程度也最輕。(2). fear 最普通，它可表示對某事感到不安，也可表示“怕”受到某事的侵擾，常用作及物動詞。(3). frighte

41、n 常用作及物動詞，意為“使害怕”，常指沒有精神準備，突然受到驚嚇而害怕恐懼。常用于be frightened of sth/to do sth 中。(4). terrify 常用作及物動詞，意為“使害怕；使驚恐”，這種恐懼是指客觀環境造成，“恐怖”語氣最強。10official adj. 官方的，正式的 n. 官員；公務員 e.g. a. Whats your official language?你國的官方語言是什么？ b. The U.S president paid an official visit to our country last week. 上周美國總統對我國進行了正式訪問。

42、拓展：government official 政府官員a public official 公務員類比延伸：(1). official 指政府部門的文職官員，尤其是職位高的人。 e.g. An official of the government called to see him yesterday. 昨天一位政府官員來看他。(2). officer 指軍隊、警察部門、海關等有一定職權的人。 e.g. Many women police officers are playing an important part in keeping social order. 許多女警察在維持社會秩序方面起

43、著重要作用。11wealthy adj. (1). 富裕的；有錢的 e.g. a. He succeed in business and was very wealthy. 他事業成功，非常富有。 b. They live in a wealthy suburb of Chicago.他們住在芝加哥一個富人住的郊區。(2). 富于的 e.g China is a country wealthy in natural resources.中國是一個自然資源豐富的國家。派生詞：wealth n. (1). 財富；財產；資源；富有 e.g. a. the wealth of the oceans 海

44、洋資源 b. a man of wealth 富人(2). 豐富；大量 e.g.a. accumulate a wealth of experience 積累豐富經驗 b. a wealth of data 大量資料wealthily adv. 富裕地12tour n. (1). 旅行；游歷；觀光；參觀；巡視 e.g. make a round-the-world tour 作環球旅行 (2). 巡回；巡回演出；訪問演出 e.g. The theatrical troupe is on tour in the rural areas.劇團正在農村巡回演出。vt. (1). 旅行；游歷；觀光；周

45、游 e.g. tour the world 周游世界 (2). 使（劇團，劇目等）巡回演出；在作巡回演出 e.g. The play will tour the countryside in the autumn. 這出戲將于今秋在農村巡回演出。派生詞： touring n. 游覽 adj. 游覽的 e.g. a touring car 游覽車 tourer n. 游覽車 tourist n. 旅行者；觀光者類比延伸：tour, trip, journey, travel, voyage(1). tour指外出旅游觀光或考察并可能回到原處的旅行。 e.g. They made a tour a

46、round the island. 他們進行了環島旅行。(2). trip“遠足，旅行，旅程”的普通用詞，通常指短程的，任何方式的旅行。 e.g. He will make a trip to Australia next month. 他下個月將到澳洲去旅行。(3). journey 主要指陸地長途旅行。 e.g. He decided to take a journey to New York by air. 他決定乘飛機去紐約旅行。(4). travle 通常用來指長途的特別是海外的旅行。 e.g. She has just come back from a travel abroad.

47、 她剛剛從國外旅行回來。(5). voyage主要指“乘船作水上旅行”，也可指“空中旅行”。 e.g. He got seasick during the voyage. 在航行中他暈船。13. distance n. (1). 遠處 e.g. a. We saw a light in the distance. 我們看到遠處有燈光。 b. The picture looks better at a distance. 這畫稍遠些更好看。(2). 距離 e.g. Whats the distance to London?到倫敦有多遠？(3). 冷淡；疏遠 e.g. There has been

48、 a great distance between us since our quarrel. 我們爭吵后便很疏遠。 拓展：keep ones distance 不接近 keep sb at a distance 對某人保持疏遠 keep a safe distance 保持適當距離 at a distance 隔著一段距離 in the distance 在遠處=faraway at a respectful distance 敬而遠之 go a long distance in doing sth 在做某事方面有很大進展派生詞：distant adj. 遠的；遠隔的；稀疏的 a dista

49、nt relative 遠親 a distant look 茫然的表情 be distant towards sb 對某人冷淡 distant control 遙控 in the not too distant future 在不遠的將來 14flow n. (1). (潮）漲；泛濫 e.g. The tide is on the flow.漲潮了。 (2). (人、車等的）川流不息；（談話等的）流暢e.g. a. a flow of traffic 車輛行人等的來往不絕 b. a flow of eloquence 口才流利v. (flow-flowed-flowed) (1). (河水等）

50、流動；（潮）漲e.g. a. Flowing water does not get stale. 流水不腐。 b. Time flows away. 光陰流逝。 (2). 川流不息；（談話、文體等）流暢e.g a. Trucks and cars flowed along the highway. 卡車和汽車在公路上川流不息。 b. flowing style 流利的文體 c. The lines in this painting flow. 這幅畫的線條很流暢。拓展：a good flow of water 大量流水a flow of angry words 滔滔的怒言flow in/int

51、o 涌入 e.g. Rivers flow into the sea. 千條大河歸大海。flow from sth 源于某事；為某事物的結果 e.g. The tears flowed from her eyes. 淚水從她的眼中流出。flow out (of sth)外流flow away 流走；流逝派生詞：flowing adj. 流動的；下垂的15broad adj. (broader, broadest)(1). 寬的；廣的（同義詞：wide; 反義詞：narrow） e.g. a. broad shoulders 寬肩膀 b. a broad street, avenue, rive

52、r, canal etc. 寬闊的街道、林蔭道、河流、運河等。(2). （指思想、意見等）寬宏的；胸懷開闊的 e.g. a man of broad views 豁達大度的人(3). 大概的；不詳細的；粗略的 e.g. the broad outline of a plan, proposal etc.計劃、建議等的提綱拓展： in broad daylight 在光天化日；大白天 e.g. The robbery occurred in broad daylight in a crowded street. 在擁擠的街道上，光天化日之下竟發生了搶劫。 its as broad as its

53、long. 在兩者中選擇哪一個并無實際分別；橫豎都一樣 in broad outline 概括地 be broad wake 完全醒著反義詞be sound asleep 酣睡派生詞：broadly adj. 寬闊的 broaden v. 加寬 broadness n. 寬廣broadcast n. 廣播 broad-minded adj. 寬宏大量的類比延伸：broad 著重指幅面的寬廣，此外，還修飾背、肩、胸等的寬闊wide 著重指從一邊倒另一邊的距離，此外，還修飾口、眼睛的“大” e.g. a. We saw the broad ocean. 我們看到了廣闊的海洋。 b. He has broad shoulders. 他有寬闊的肩膀。 c. How wide is the cloth? 這布有多寬？ d. He stared at the picture with