高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省新鄉市部分學校聯考2024-2025學年高一下學期4月期中英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIntheheartofSouthAmerica,Boliviaishometosomeofthemostdramaticlandscapesonthecontinent.HerearesometraveldestinationsofBoliviatoaddintoyourtravelplan.SucreSucreisfamousforsugar-whitehouses,withthebuildingsthatshineinthesun.Itisacityofwell-preservedhistoricalarchitectureandRepublican-stylebuildings.Ifyouwanttorelax,visitthecitygardens.Forfineviewsacrosstheroofsandbelltowersofthecapital,stopattheLaRecoletaneighborhood.Don’tmissitstastyfoodandotherrichhistoricalheritagewhenyouarehere.PotosiStartyourjourneyinPotosibyexploringCerroRico,thefamoussilvermountainwithdarkandnarrowtunnels(隧道)thatplayedasignificantroleinBolivia’shistory.ItsfamedattractionisCasaNacionaldelaMoneda,agreat18th-centuryconstructionwherelocallyminedsilverwasoncetransformedintocoins.SamaipataSamaipataisanattractivevillage,havingaperfectyear-roundclimateandarelaxingatmospherewheretimeseemstoslowdownandthenoiseofthecrowdsislow.NearbyarenaturalattractionsincludingthescenicLasCuevaswaterfalls,whichareusuallyemptyonweekdaystotakearefreshingoutdoorswim.MadidiNationalParkAsoneoftheworld’smostbiologicallydiverseecosystems,theparkformspartoftheBolivianAmazon,oneofSouthAmerica’sbest-preservedareasofrainforest.Thisprotectedsectionisaccessiblebyboat,sogettinghereispartofthefunandexcitement.Youcanseekpinkriverdolphinsandvisitlocalcommunitiesthatworkonthespecialecotourismprojects.1.WhatarebothSucreandPotosiknownfor?A.Theirhistoricalculture. B.Theirminedsilver. C.Theirsugar-whitehouses. D.Theirbelltowers.2.WhatdoesSamaipatafeature?A.Theemptyattractionsonweekends. B.Theindoorswimmingpools.C.Theboatconstructionindustry. D.Thenaturalenvironment.3.Whichplaceismostsuitableforwildlifelovers?A.Sucre. B.Potosi. C.Samaipata. D.MadidiNationalPark.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。主要介紹了玻利維亞的四個旅游景點。【1題詳析】細節理解題。根據Sucre中“Itisacityofwell-preservedhistoricalarchitectureandRepublican-stylebuildings.(這是一座保存完好的歷史建筑和共和風格建筑的城市。)”以及“Don’tmissitstastyfoodandotherrichhistoricalheritagewhenyouarehere.(當你來這里的時候，不要錯過它美味的食物和其他豐富的歷史遺產。)”說明蘇克雷以其保存完好的歷史建筑和豐富的歷史遺產聞名；根據Potosi中“StartyourjourneyinPotosibyexploringCerroRico,thefamoussilvermountainwithdarkandnarrowtunnels(隧道)thatplayedasignificantroleinBolivia’shistory.(從波托西開始你的旅程，探索塞羅里科，這座著名的銀山有著黑暗而狹窄的隧道，在玻利維亞的歷史上發揮了重要作用。)”由此可知，兩者都以歷史文化著稱。故選A項。【2題詳析】細節理解題。根據Samaipata中“Samaipataisanattractivevillage,havingaperfectyear-roundclimateandarelaxingatmospherewheretimeseemstoslowdownandthenoiseofthecrowdsislow.NearbyarenaturalattractionsincludingthescenicLasCuevaswaterfalls,whichareusuallyemptyonweekdaystotakearefreshingoutdoorswim.(薩邁帕塔是一個迷人的村莊，擁有完美的全年氣候和輕松的氛圍，時間似乎慢了下來，人群的噪音很低。附近是自然景點，包括風景秀麗的拉斯奎瓦斯瀑布，在工作日通常沒人，可以去戶外游泳。)”可知，薩邁帕塔有宜人的氣候和輕松的氛圍，附近還有自然景點，其特色是自然環境。故選D項。【3題詳析】細節理解題。根據MadidiNationalPark中“Asoneoftheworld’smostbiologicallydiverseecosystems,theparkformspartoftheBolivianAmazon,oneofSouthAmerica’sbest-preservedareasofrainforest.Thisprotectedsectionisaccessiblebyboat,sogettinghereispartofthefunandexcitement.Youcanseekpinkriverdolphinsandvisitlocalcommunitiesthatworkonthespecialecotourismprojects.(作為世界上最具生物多樣性的生態系統之一，該公園是玻利維亞亞馬遜雨林的一部分，是南美洲保存最完好的熱帶雨林之一。這個受保護的區域可以乘船到達，所以來到這里是樂趣和興奮的一部分。你可以尋找粉紅河豚，參觀當地從事特殊生態旅游項目的社區。)”可知，馬迪迪國家公園是世界上生物多樣性最豐富的生態系統之一，有粉紅河海豚等多種野生動物，是野生動物愛好者的理想之地。故選D項。BInSeptember,asixth-gradeclassfromaChineseschoolbeganadifferentjourney.Undertheorganizationoftheparentassociation,thestudentsbegana5-kilometermorningjoggingprograminaparkofBeijing,withtheaimofimprovingtheirfitness,buildingself-confidence,anddevelopingpatience.EverySaturdaymorning,withaparentchosenasthecoachtoguidethem,theylaceduptheirshoesandsetoff.Thefirstrunwasarealchallenge.Afterrunningjustseveralhundredmeters,afewstudentswereoutofbreath.Somecouldn’tevenmakeithalfway,andothershadtorelyoneachotherforsupporttoreachthefinishline.However,despitethemanydifficulties,theirdeterminationneverwavered.Alongtheway,manyfeltenergetic.Mostmadeittotheendbycompletingtheir100thrunonSaturdaytocelebratetheirupcominggraduation,astheyhadbeenexercisingregularly.Inrecentyears,somesurveyshaveshownthattherateofobesityamongstudentswhoareshortofexerciseisincreasingrapidly.Accordingtoanauthorityreport,oneinfiveindividualsagedsixtoseventeenisnowoverweight,asignificantrisefromoneintwentyin1995.Inadditiontoweightproblems,thelackofexercisehasalsoledtoanincreaseofshort-sightednessinschools.Recognizingthepotentiallinkbetweendecreasedphysicalactivityandhealth-relatedproblems,variousmeasureshavebeentakentoreducestudents’academicpressureandincreasetheirexercisetime,suchasreducingtheafter-schoolhomeworkburden.Thesixth-gradejoggingprogramservesasaninspiringexample,offeringasolutiontohelpstudentsfindmoretimetoexperiencehealth,happiness,andfriendshipthroughphysicalactivity.Itshowsthatwithdedicationandsupport,evenasimplejoggingroutinecanhaveagreateffectonthewell-beingofyoungstudents.4.Whydidtheparentassociationorganizethemorningjoggingprogram?A.Tomeettheparents’requirements.B.Toliveuptothecoach’sexpectations.C.Toimprovethestudents’physicalandmentalhealth.D.Toreplacetheschool’spresentphysicaleducationclasses.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudentsinthefirstrun?A.Fewofthemfeltenergetic. B.Mostofthemgaveuphalfway.C.Noneofthemcompletedtherun. D.Notallofthemmadeittotheend.6.Howistheseriousnessofbeingoverweightonstudentsshowninparagraph3?A.Throughdatacomparison. B.Throughanunofficialreport.C.Throughtheschools’prediction. D.Throughindividualimagination.7.Whichwordcanbestdescribethemorningjoggingprogram?A.Traditional. B.Influential. C.Global. D.Limitless.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了學校開展晨跑項目來促進學生身心健康。【4題詳析】細節理解題。根據第一段“Undertheorganizationoftheparentassociation,thestudentsbegana5-kilometermorningjoggingprograminaparkofBeijing,withtheaimofimprovingtheirfitness,buildingself-confidence,anddevelopingpatience.(在家長協會的組織下，學生們在北京的一個公園開始了一個5公里的晨跑項目，目的是提高他們的身體素質，建立自信，培養耐心)”可知，家長協會組織晨跑是為了促進學生身心健康。故選C。【5題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“Somecouldn’tevenmakeithalfway,andothershadtorelyoneachotherforsupporttoreachthefinishline.However,despitethemanydifficulties,theirdeterminationneverwavered.Alongtheway,manyfeltenergetic.Mostmadeittotheendbycompletingtheir100thrunonSaturdaytocelebratetheirupcominggraduation,astheyhadbeenexercisingregularly.(有些人甚至不能走到一半，有些人不得不互相支持才能到達終點線。然而，盡管困難重重，他們的決心從未動搖。一路上，許多人都感到精力充沛。大多數人在周六完成了第100次跑步，以慶祝即將到來的畢業，因為他們一直在定期鍛煉)”可知，并不是所有學生都堅持到了最后。故選D。【6題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段“Inrecentyears,somesurveyshaveshownthattherateofobesityamongstudentswhoareshortofexerciseisincreasingrapidly.Accordingtoanauthorityreport,oneinfiveindividualsagedsixtoseventeenisnowoverweight,asignificantrisefromoneintwentyin1995.Inadditiontoweightproblems,thelackofexercisehasalsoledtoanincreaseofshort-sightednessinschools.(近年來，一些調查顯示，在缺乏鍛煉的學生中，肥胖率正在迅速上升。根據一份權威報告，現在6至17歲的年輕人中有五分之一超重，比1995年的二十分之一顯著上升。除了體重問題，缺乏鍛煉也導致了學校近視的增加)”可知，第3段通過數據比較說明學生超重的嚴重性。故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Thesixth-gradejoggingprogramservesasaninspiringexample,offeringasolutiontohelpstudentsfindmoretimetoexperiencehealth,happiness,andfriendshipthroughphysicalactivity.Itshowsthatwithdedicationandsupport,evenasimplejoggingroutinecanhaveagreateffectonthewell-beingofyoungstudents.(六年級的慢跑項目就是一個鼓舞人心的例子，它提供了一個解決方案，幫助學生們通過體育活動找到更多的時間來體驗健康、快樂和友誼。它表明，只要有奉獻精神和支持，即使是簡單的慢跑也能對年輕學生的健康產生巨大影響)”可知，晨跑項目是有影響力的。故選B。CAraremoss(苔蘚)calledtakakiahasadaptedoverhundredsofmillionsofyearstosurvivetheextremesoflifeontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.Andthereisateamofresearcherswhohavebeenstudyingthemossfornearlytenyears.Takakiaincludesjusttwospecies,bothofwhicharefoundonlyontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.Takakiainthislocationhasbeenburiedundersnowforeightmonthsoftheyear,anditfacedstrongUVrayswhenitcamefromitssnowycover.Takakiahasbeendevelopinghereforover65millionyears,withthehabitatincreasinglybecomingextreme.Theresearchersrecordhowclimatechangehasgreatlychangedthemoss’habitatwithinjustafewyears.Andtheteamissurprisedtofindtakakia’sshapein165million-year-oldfossils(化石),showingthatgeneticchangesaffectingtheshapedevelopedmorethan165millionyearsagounderwildlydifferentconditions.Despitehavinghundredsofmillionsofyearstoadapttoclimatechange,thelittlemosswillbeendediftheglobalclimatekeepsgettingwarmer.Sincetheybegantakingmeasurementsoftakakia’shabitatintheearly2010s,theresearchershavedescribedanaveragetemperatureincreaseofalmost0.5℃peryear.Meanwhile,theglacier(冰川)nearsamplesitesismeltingatanalarmingpace-around50metersperyear.Theresearchersnotethattakakia’spopulationshavebecomesignificantlysmalleroverthestudyperiod.Duringthetenyears,thecoverageoftakakia’spopulationsdecreasedby1.6%everyyear,fasterthanthatoffourlocalcommonmosses—atrendtheyexpecttocontinue.“Ourstudyshowshowvaluabletakakiaisintracingthedevelopmentoflandplants.Thepopulationreductionwefoundisfrightening,”aresearchersays.“Luckily,knowingthattheplantisthreatenedbyextinctionalsogivesusachancetoprotectit.Forexample,wecangrowitinthelab,”anotherresearchersays.“Takakiahasseenthedinosaurscomeandgo.Ithasseenushumanscoming.Nowwecanlearnsomethingaboutadaptiveabilityandextinctionfromthismoss.”8.WhatcanbeinferredabouttakakiaontheQinghai-TibetPlateaufromthetext?A.Itshabitatisfreefromsnow.B.IthasbeendevelopingwildlyinChina.C.Ithasadaptedtoextremeconditionsforquiteatime.D.Itsgeneshavebeenunchangedformillionsofyears.9.Whatmightbethemainthreattotakakiaaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Theriseofglacialwater. B.Humanharvesting.C.Thecompetitionwiththelocalmosses. D.Globalwarming.10.Whatistheattitudeofthetworesearchersinthelastparagraphtotakakia?A.Curious. B.Concerned. C.Indifferent. D.Impatient.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheAncientHistoryofTakakia B.TheUniqueAdaptiveAbilityofTakakiaC.TheThreatenedSurvivalofTakakia D.TheRapidlyIncreasingPopulationofTakakia【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述角葉藻苔在青藏高原長期適應極端環境，現因全球變暖數量銳減，生存受威脅【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Araremoss(苔蘚)calledtakakiahasadaptedoverhundredsofmillionsofyearstosurvivetheextremesoflifeontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.(一種名為‘角葉藻苔’的稀有苔蘚已經在數億年的時間里適應了青藏高原極端的生存環境。)”以及第二段“Takakiahasbeendevelopinghereforover65millionyears,withthehabitatincreasinglybecomingextreme.(角葉藻苔已經在這里發展了超過6500萬年，其棲息地越來越極端。)”可知，角葉藻苔在相當長的一段時間里已經適應了極端條件。故選C。【9題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段“Despitehavinghundredsofmillionsofyearstoadapttoclimatechange,thelittlemosswillbeendediftheglobalclimatekeepsgettingwarmer.(盡管有數億年的時間來適應氣候變化，但如果全球氣候繼續變暖，這種小苔蘚將會滅絕。)”可知，對角葉藻苔的主要威脅是全球變暖。故選D。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“‘Ourstudyshowshowvaluabletakakiaisintracingthedevelopmentoflandplants.Thepopulationreductionwefoundisfrightening,’aresearchersays.‘Luckily,knowingthattheplantisthreatenedbyextinctionalsogivesusachancetoprotectit.’(一位研究人員說：‘我們的研究表明，角葉藻苔在追蹤陸地植物的發展方面是多么有價值。我們發現的數量減少是令人恐懼的。幸運的是，知道這種植物受到滅絕的威脅也給了我們一個保護它的機會。’)”可知，研究人員認為角葉藻苔數量減少令人恐懼，并且提到要保護它，所以他們對角葉藻苔的態度是擔憂的。故選B。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了角葉藻苔在青藏高原適應極端環境生存了很長時間，但是由于全球氣候變暖，其棲息地發生變化，數量顯著減少，面臨滅絕的威脅。所以C選項TheThreatenedSurvivalofTakakia(角葉藻苔受到威脅的生存狀況)符合文章主旨，可以作為最佳標題。故選C。DInourfast-pacedworld,musicoftenservesasbothasourceofjoyandstress.Whileitcanupliftourspiritsandprovidecomfort,itcanalsobecomeoverwhelming,especiallywhendeadlinesapproachorpressuresstrengthen.Thatismusicstress,afeelingofnervousness,worry,oruneasethatcancomefromlisteningtoorplayingmusic.Musicstresscanappearindifferentsigns,rangingfromphysicalreactions,suchasheadaches,tomentaldisturbances,suchasanxietyanddepression.Insomeways,musicstressissimilartomoregeneralexperiencesofstress.Forexample,bothcancauseeffectssuchasheadaches,anddifficultyinconcentrating.However,musicstressiscausedbyamorespecificformoffactor—music,whichtendstoproduceveryspecifictypesofreactions.Forexample,certaintypesofmusiccanstirupanemotionalresponse,suchassadness.Thiscanleadtoincreasedstresslevels.Similarly,certainkindsofnoise,likeextremelyloudordissonant(刺耳的)sounds,cancausepeopletobecomeoverwhelmed.Whilethiscanbehelpfulforsomepurposes,suchascreatingasenseoftensioninfilm,insomecases,itcanbedifficulttohandleandmightevencontributetoheightenedstresslevels.Inaddition,musicstresscanalsoresultfromthepsychologicalcontextinwhichthemusicisheardorplayed.Ifsomeoneislisteningtomusicasawaytoevadehisorhercurrentanxietyorpanic,themusiccancreateafeelingofdisappointmentorstresswhenitcannotprovidetheexpectedeffectorwhentheydon’tlistenmindfully.Understandinghowmusicstresscomescanhelpindividualsbettermanagetheirstresslevels.Ingeneral,anindividual’sexperienceofmusicstresstendstodependonhisorherpersonalpreferencesandpsychologicalstateofbeingatthetime.Ifyouhavealreadybeenfeelingstressed,itmaybebettertotakeabreakfrommusicentirely.12.Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext?A.Bygivingadefinition. B.Bysharinganexperience.C.Bytakinganexample. D.Byofferingasolution.13.Whatcauseofmusicstressistalkedaboutinparagraph3?A.Theenvironment. B.Listeners'feelings.C.Filmmakers'stateofmind. D.Themusicitself.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evade”inparagraph4mean?A.Express. B.Extend. C.Escape. D.Ensure.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThePowerofMusic:aStressRelieverB.MusicCanSometimesAddtoYourStress.C.MusicStressMightShowUnusualReactionsD.TheScienceBehindMusic:aPsychologicalState【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹音樂壓力的概念、表現、成因，指出音樂雖能帶來愉悅，但也可能成為壓力源。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段最后一句“Thatismusicstress,afeelingofnervousness,worry,oruneasethatcancomefromlisteningtoorplayingmusic.(那就是音樂壓力，一種可能來自聽音樂或演奏音樂的緊張、擔憂或不安的感覺。)”并結合第二段內容可知，作者通過給出“音樂壓力”的定義來引入文章話題。故選A項。【13題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段第一句“However,musicstressiscausedbyamorespecificformoffactor—music,whichtendstoproduceveryspecifictypesofreactions.(然而，音樂壓力是由一種更具體的因素——音樂引起的，音樂往往會產生非常特定類型的反應。)”以及后面所舉的例子“Forexample,certaintypesofmusiccanstirupanemotionalresponse,suchassadness.Thiscanleadtoincreasedstresslevels.Similarly,certainkindsofnoise,likeextremelyloudordissonant(刺耳的)sounds,cancausepeopletobecomeoverwhelmed.(例如，某些類型的音樂可以激起情緒反應，比如悲傷。這可能會導致壓力水平上升。同樣，某些類型的噪音，比如非常響亮或刺耳的聲音，會讓人感到不知所措。)”可知，第三段談論的音樂壓力的原因是音樂本身。故選D項。【14題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據第四段“Ifsomeoneislisteningtomusicasawaytoevadehisorhercurrentanxietyorpanic,themusiccancreateafeelingofdisappointmentorstresswhenitcannotprovidetheexpectedeffectorwhentheydon’tlistenmindfully.(如果有人把聽音樂作為一種evade當前焦慮或恐慌的方式，當音樂不能提供預期的效果或當他們沒有用心去聽時，音樂就會產生失望或壓力的感覺。)”并結合語境可知，這里是說把聽音樂當作逃避焦慮或恐慌的方式，所以evade意思是“逃避”。故選C項。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章開篇指出在快節奏的世界里音樂既是快樂也是壓力的來源，接著闡述了音樂壓力的表現、產生原因，如音樂本身、聽音樂的心理情境等，說明音樂有時會給人帶來壓力。所以B選項MusicCanSometimesAddtoYourStress.(音樂有時會增加你的壓力。)符合文章主旨。故選B項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。We’refortunatetohaveaccesstoacombinationoftechnologyandtheInternetintheinformationage.Thisproviderichresourcesforlearning,connecting,andentertainingourselves.____16____Itmeansthatthetechnologicaltoolscannotonlyimproveourefficiency,butalsohavethepowertotrapusinawebofdistractions(分心之事).____17____Accordingtoasurvey,asurprising84.4%oftheparticipants,onaverage,arereportedbeingdistractedatwork.Emails,phonecalls,texts,andco-workersdivert(轉移)amassive81%ofattention,whiletheInternet,withitsunlimitedsourceofinformationandentertainment,alsodistractsalargepercentofattention.What’smore,thesurveyshowsthatashocking67%ofworkerssaythattheirworkisoftenaffectedbyalargeamountoftimespentinmeetingsandcalls.Thesedistractionsaremorethanannoyances—they’reloudandendlessintheireffortstodivertourattention,pullingusawayfromwhattrulymatters.____18____Anotherstudyprovidesfurtherunderstandingofourchallengeswithdistractions.____19____Thepacequickensforautomaticstimuli(刺激物)butslowsforconscioustasks.Thismakeskeepingfocusinourbusyworldanever-increasingchallenge.Justthinkaboutit:You’refocusedonaproject,andthenyourphoneringswithanotification.____20____Andregainingyourfocusmightbeharderthanyouexpect.Thesamegoesforaninterestingsocialmediapostthatcatchesyoureye-pullingyouawayfromyourtaskandkeepingyouintheseaofdistractions.A.However,everycoinhastwosides.B.Itisnotdifficulttoreturntoyourproject.C.Thedatashowshowcommonthisissueis.D.Easilydistractedpeoplearenotinthemajority.E.TheymakeitimpossibleforustofocusonanysingletaskF.Theinsignificantsoundisenoughtodisturbyourconcentration.G.Itfoundthatbrainwavefrequencyvarieswiththetypeofoutsidestimuli.【答案】16.A17.C18.E19.G20.F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在信息時代，我們很幸運能夠接觸到技術和互聯網的結合。這為我們學習、交流和娛樂提供了豐富的資源。然而，技術工具不僅可以提高我們的效率，也有可能使我們陷入分心之中。【16題詳析】根據上文“We’refortunatetohaveaccesstoacombinationoftechnologyandtheInternetintheinformationage.Thisproviderichresourcesforlearning,connecting,andentertainingourselves.(在信息時代，我們很幸運能夠接觸到技術和互聯網的結合。這為我們學習、交流和娛樂提供了豐富的資源)”提到在信息時代我們能接觸科技和網絡，這提供了豐富資源用于學習、交流和娛樂，以及下文“Itmeansthatthetechnologicaltoolscannotonlyimproveourefficiency,butalsohavethepowertotrapusinawebofdistractions(分心之事).(這意味著技術工具不僅可以提高我們的效率，而且有能力使我們陷入分心的網絡中)”指出技術工具不僅能提高效率，還可能讓我們陷入分心之事的網絡中。A選項“However,everycoinhastwosides.(然而，事物都有兩面性)”起到了承上啟下的作用，說明科技和網絡有好的一面也有不好的一面。故選A項。【17題詳析】根據下文“Accordingtoasurvey,asurprising84.4%oftheparticipants,onaverage,arereportedbeingdistractedatwork.(根據一項調查，平均84.4%的參與者報告說他們在工作中分心，這一比例令人驚訝)”可知，此處是通過調查數據說明人們在工作中分心的情況很普遍。C選項“Thedatashowshowcommonthisissueis.(這些數據表明這個問題是多么普遍)”能夠引出下文關于調查數據的內容。故選C項。【18題詳析】根據上文“Thesedistractionsaremorethanannoyances—they’reloudandendlessintheireffortstodivertourattention,pullingusawayfromwhattrulymatters.(這些讓人分心的事情不僅僅是煩惱——它們吵吵嚷嚷，沒完沒了地試圖轉移我們的注意力，把我們從真正重要的事情上拉開)”提到這些分心之事不僅僅是令人煩惱的事，它們努力轉移我們的注意力，讓我們遠離真正重要的事情。E選項“Theymakeitimpossibleforustofocusonanysingletask.(它們使我們不可能專注于任何一項任務)”進一步說明了這些分心之事的危害，與上文銜接緊密。故選E項。【19題詳析】根據上文“Anotherstudyprovidesfurtherunderstandingofourchallengeswithdistractions.(另一項研究為我們進一步了解分心帶來的挑戰提供了幫助)”可知，這里要介紹另一項關于分心的研究結果。G選項“Itfoundthatbrainwavefrequencyvarieswiththetypeofoutsidestimuli.(它發現腦電波頻率會隨著外界刺激的類型而變化)”符合語境，介紹了研究發現的內容。故選G項。【20題詳析】根據上文“You’refocusedonaproject,andthenyourphoneringswithanotification.(你專注于一個項目，然后你的手機響了，有一條通知)”提到手機響了，有一條通知。以及下文說“Andregainingyourfocusmightbeharderthanyouexpect.(重新集中注意力可能比你預期的要難)”說明重新集中注意力可能比你預期的要難。F選項“Theinsignificantsoundisenoughtodisturbyourconcentration.(這個微不足道的聲音足以干擾你的注意力)”承上啟下，說明手機通知的聲音雖小卻能干擾注意力，導致很難再集中注意力。故選F項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Igotupalittlelaterthanusualtoday.Ididn’tsleepwelllastnight,partlybecausearotatorcuff(肩袖)issuekeptme___21___.Iwillheadofftohavebreakfastwithmysiblings.___22___mypoorstate,Iwasexcitedthismorning.Ihavefivesiblings.MybrotherTom___23___atage33fromcancer.MybrotherDavehaslivedintohis70sbutis___24___withaterribleneurologicalcondition.MysistersNancyandCarolaregoingaftertheirinterest.Nancyis___25___tomakingfancyBundtcakes,andCarolis___26___simplifyingclutter(雜亂的東西).Idon’tneedalotof___27___,butIunderstandthattheyareimportantforlife’ssatisfaction.They___28___meupwhenI’mdown,celebratemyachievements.Iheavilyinvestinrelationshipwithmysiblings.I___29___withthemalmosteverydayandvisitthemwhenpossible.Wehavemadeita____30____tomeetupatarestaurantaboutonceamonthformanyyears.____31____,weknowwhatishappeningineachother’slivesbyphonecalls,visits,andsocialmedia.However,westill____32____theseface-to-facegrouptimes.Weareallgettingolder,andnoneofuswantsto____33____nottryingtobetogether.Ican’ttellyouhow____34____Ifeeltohavethesepeopleinmylife.Iam____35____thattheyfeelthesamewayaboutme.21.A.alive B.fit C.awake D.safe22.A.Inspiteof B.Inneedof C.Inhonorof D.Inplaceof23.A.gaveup B.passedaway C.brokedown D.setoff24.A.providing B.sharing C.comparing D.struggling25.A.limited B.addicted C.used D.adapted26.A.makingout B.thinkingof C.concentratingon D.agreeingon27.A.connections B.titles C.purposes D.issues28.A.lock B.bring C.cheer D.clear29.A.argue B.compete C.compare D.chat30.A.secret B.tradition C.reality D.success31.A.Actually B.Eventually C.Quickly D.Officially32.A.record B.save C.value D.forget33.A.prefer B.regret C.admit D.suggest34.A.powerful B.curious C.awkward D.fortunate35.A.certain B.afraid C.doubtful D.shocked【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.B26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者與兄弟姐妹間緊密關系，珍視相聚時光，深感幸運。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我昨晚沒睡好，部分原因是肩袖問題讓我一直醒著。A.alive活著的；B.fit健康的；C.awake醒著的；D.safe安全的。根據上文“Ididn’tsleepwelllastnight,”可知，肩袖問題使作者一直醒著，沒睡好。故選C。【22題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：盡管我狀態不佳，但今天早上我還是很興奮。A.Inspiteof盡管；B.Inneedof需要；C.Inhonorof為紀念；D.Inplaceof代替。根據下文“mypoorstate,Iwasexcitedthismorning.”可知，盡管作者狀態不佳，但作者還是很興奮。故選A。【23題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我的兄弟湯姆33歲時因癌癥去世。A.gaveup放棄；B.passedaway去世；C.brokedown出故障；D.setoff出發。根據下文“atage33fromcancer.”可推知，此處表示湯姆因癌癥去世。故選B。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的兄弟戴夫已經活到了70多歲，但他正與一種嚴重的神經系統疾病作斗爭。A.providing提供；B.sharing分享；C.comparing比較；D.struggling與……作斗爭。根據下文“withaterribleneurologicalcondition.”可知，此處表示戴夫正與一種嚴重的神經系統疾病作斗爭。故選D。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：南希沉迷于制作精美的蛋糕，卡羅爾則專注于簡化雜亂的東西。A.limited有限的；B.addicted沉迷的；C.used習慣的；D.adapted適應的。根據下文“tomakingfancyBundtcakes,”可知，此處表示南希沉迷于制作精美的蛋糕。beaddictedto為固定短語，意為“沉迷于”。故選B。【26題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.makingout理解；B.thinkingof想起；C.concentratingon專注于；D.agreeingon同意。根據下文“simplifyingclutter(雜亂的東西)”可知，此處表示卡羅爾專注于簡化雜亂的東西。故選C。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不需要很多聯系，但我明白它們對生活的滿足感很重要。A.connections聯系；B.titles頭銜；C.purposes目的；D.issues問題。根據下文“Iheavilyinvestinrelationshipwithmysiblings.”可知，此處表示作者認為與兄弟姐妹的聯系對生活的滿足感很重要。故選A。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我情緒低落時，他們會讓我振作起來，慶祝我的成就。A.lock鎖；B.bring帶來；C.cheer歡呼，使高興；D.clear清除。根據下文“whenI’mdown,celebratemyachievements.”可知，此處表示當作者情緒低落時，兄弟姐妹會讓作者振作起來。cheersb.up為固定短語，意為“使某人振作起來”。故選C。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我幾乎每天都和他們聊天，并在可能的時候去拜訪他們。A.argue爭論；B.compete競爭；C.compare比較；D.chat聊天。根據下文“weknowwhatishappeningineachother’slivesbyphonecalls,visits,andsocialmedia.”可知，此處表示作者和兄弟姐妹聊天。故選D。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來，我們一直保持著每月在餐館聚一次的傳統。A.secret秘密；B.tradition傳統；C.reality現實；D.success成功。根據下文“tomeetupatarestaurantaboutonceamonthformanyyears.”可知，此處表示多年來一直保持著每月聚餐一次的傳統。故選B。【31題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：實際上，我們通過電話、拜訪和社交媒體了解彼此的生活。A.Actually實際上；B.Eventually最終；C.Quickly迅速地；D.Officially正式地。根據上文“I______withthemalmosteveryday”以及下文“weknowwhatishappeningineachother’slivesbyphonecalls,visits,andsocialmedia.”可知，此處描述實際情況，作者和兄弟姐妹通過電話、拜訪和社交媒體了解彼此的生活。故選A。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我們仍然珍視這些面對面的聚會時光。A.record記錄；B.save拯救；C.value珍視；D.forget忘記。根據上文“However”和下文“Weareallgettingolder,andnoneofuswantsto______nottryingtobetogether”可知，此處表示盡管通過電話、拜訪和社交媒體可以了解彼此的生活，但作者和兄弟姐妹仍然珍視面對面的聚會時光。故選C。【33題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都在變老，沒有人愿意因為沒有努力相聚而后悔。A.prefer更喜歡；B.regret后悔；C.admit承認；D.suggest建議。根據下文“nottryingtobetogether.”以及語境可知，此處表示沒有人愿意因為沒有努力相聚而后悔。故選B。【34題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我無法告訴你，生活中有這些人，我感到多么幸運。A.powerful強大的；B.curious好奇的；C.awkward尷尬的；D.fortunate幸運的。根據語境和下文“tohavethesepeopleinmylife.”可知，此處表示作者感到生活中有兄弟姐妹很幸運。故選D。【35題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我確信他們對我也有同樣的感覺。A.certain確定的；B.afraid害怕的；C.doubtful懷疑的；D.shocked震驚的。根據下文“thattheyfeelthesamewayaboutme”可知，此處表示作者確信兄弟姐妹對作者自己也有同樣的感覺。故選A。第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。LiShaoyue,___36___(surround)byherpaintingtools,usuallycreatesinkpaintingsontheinsideofaglassbead,holdingabrushinherhand.ItisreportedthattheyoungwomanfromZibo,ShandongProvince,hasbeenworkingas___37___innerpaintersince2015.Innerpaintingisanational-levelintangible(無形的)culturalheritage,___38___baseismadeofglassandothermaterials.Artistscreatetheirpaintingswithspecialfinebrushes___39___(suit)fortinycontainers.___40___ahistoryofover200years,innerpaintingismainlydividedintofourmajorschools:Beijing,Hebei,Shandong,andGuangdong.Li,afifth-generationinheritor(繼承者)oftheShandongorLuschool,___41___(teach)theskillsbyherfather,amasteroftraditionalChinesearts.Shestartedlearninghowtosketchatprimaryschool.AfterhavingmajoredintraditionalChinesepaintinginJingdezhen,JiangxiProvinceduringhercollegeyears,shemadeacommitment___42___(focus)oninnerpainting.Shesaidbesidesherlovefordrawing,herfather’sartisticcareerhadagreateffectonherpursuitofpainting.Busyinherfather’sstudio,Licreatesuptofivepiecesamonthinthestoreandspendstherestofhertime___43___(create)exhibitionpieces.“Ihopemoreyoungpeoplewilljoininaseriesofinnerpainting___44___(ac