第第頁陜西省寶雞市岐山縣2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題一、閱讀理解閱讀理解ChooseYourOne-Day-Tours!TourA-Bath&StonehengeincludingentrancefeestotheancientRomanbathroomsandStonehenge-￡37until26Marchand￡39thereafter.Visitthecitywithover2,000yearsofhistoryandBathAbbey,theRoyalCrescentandtheCostumeMuseum,Stonehengeisoneoftheworld'smostfamousprehistoricmonumentsdatingbackover5,000years.TourB-Oxford&StratfordincludingentrancefeestotheUniversityStMary'sChurchTowerandAnneHathaway's-￡32until12Marchand￡36thereafter.Oxford:IncludesaguidedtourofEngland'soldestuniversitycityandcolleges.Lookoverthe"cityofdreamingspires(尖頂）"fromStMary‘sChurchTower.Stratford:IncludesaguidedtourexploringmuchoftheShakespearewonder.TourC-WindsorCastle&HamptonCourt:includingentrancefeestoHamptonCourtPalace-￡34until11Marchand￡37thereafter.IncludesaguidedtourofWindsorandHamptonCourt,HenryVILL'sfavoritepalace.FreetimetovisitWindsorCastle(entrancefeesnotincluded).With500yearsofhistory,HamptonCourtwasoncethehomeoffourKingsandoneQueen.Nowthisformerroyalpalaceisopentothepublicasamajortouristattraction.Visitthepalaceanditsvarioushistoricgardens,whichincludethefamousmaze(迷宮)whereitiseasytogetlost!TourD–CambridgeincludingentrancefeestotheTowerofSaintMarytheGreat-￡33until18Marchand￡37thereafter.IncludesaguidedtourofCambridge,thefamousuniversitytown,andthegardensofthe18thcentury.1．WhichtourwillyouchooseifyouwanttoseeEngland'soldestuniversitycity?A．TourA B．TourB C．TourC D．TourD2．Whichofthefollowingtourschargesthelowestfeeon17March?A．WindsorCastle&HamptonCourtB．Oxford&StratfordC．Bath&StonehengeD．Cambridge3．WhyisHamptonCourtamajortouristattraction?A．ItusedtobethehomeofroyalfamiliesB．Itusedtobeawell-knownmazeC．ItistheoldestpalaceinBritainD．Itisaworld-famouscastle閱讀理解WhenIwasateenager,Iknewnothingaboutmentalhealth.Ifyoutalkedabout"safespaces",I'dthinkthatyoumeantabank.What'smore,Ididn'tcareaboutmentalhealth.WhywouldI?AsDadusedtosay,"Ifitisn'tbroken,don'tfixit!"Butunfortunatelymymentalhealthdid"break".Iwasdiagnosed(診斷)asseriouslyclinicallyanorexic(厭食的)atage23.Ihadimmediatetreatmentinhospital,whichlastedtwoandahalfyears.Peoplealwayswonderwhathelpedmerecoverandthekeywassimple:comedy(喜劇).I'maprofessionalstand-upcomic.Comedybeganasmyhobbyandhasprogressedintoajob.Theword"comedy"isbelievedtocomefromtheAncientGreekkōmosmeaning"toreveal",whosejobistoreveal,explainandunderstandthings.ThiswassomethingIturnedtowhenIwasinrecoveryfromanorexia.I'dneverbeenabletoexplainwhatgoingoninsidemyhead;tryingtoexplainwhat'sgoingoninyourmindisliketryingtoexplainacolortosomeonewho'sblind.Sohumourbecameawayofunderstandingthingsandthenawayofexplainingthem.DrDieterDeclercq,LecturerinFilmattheUniversityofKent,believes"Humorcanchangeouropinionsonadifficultsituation".However,headdscarefullythat"WeshouldavoidjudgmentslikeAllhumourisgoodforyou."InhisnewbookSatire,ComedyandMentalHealth,helooksathowcomedycanbeusedasamentalhealthmethod.Enjoyedwithothers,itisimportantforgoodmentalhealthandrecovery.Stand-upcomedywasimportanttomyrecovery.IknowI'mnotaloneinthat.SoIwanttopaythatforwardandshowotherpeopleyourmentalhealthdoesn'thavetobe"broken"beforeyoucan"fixit".4．Howdidtheauthortreattheissueofmentalhealthasateenager?A．Shetookitseriously. B．Shewasconfidentofit.C．Shehatedtalkingaboutit. D．Shepaidnoattentiontoit.5．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?A．Explainhowcomedyhelps.B．Sharewhatshewentthrough.C．Statewherecomedycomesfrom.D．Showwhycomedyisacommonhobby.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph4referto?A．Comedy. B．Film.C．Adifficultsituation. D．Thenewbook.7．Inwhichsectionofamagazineisthistextprobablyfrom?A．Health&Life. B．Man&Nature.C．Science&Technology. D．Society&Opinion.閱讀理解Whenmostpeoplehearthewords"BigBen"theyimmediatelythinkoftheattractiveVictorianGothicstructureoftheclocktowerofthePalaceofWestminster.Let'sclearupacommonmisunderstandingfirst;technicallyspeaking,thename"BigBen"doesnotrefertothefamoustower,nortothefourhugeclockfacesofthisLondonlandmark;instead,itreferstothelargestoneofthefivebellsinsidetheclocktower.ConstructionofthetowerwasbegunfollowingthedisastrousfirewhichdestroyedtheoldPalaceofWestminsterin1834.CharlesBarrywasresponsibleforrebuildingthePalace,andhisdesignsincludedaclocktower.Ittook16yearstobuildtheclocktowerofthePalaceofWestminsteranditwascompletedin1859.Thetoweris316feethigh.Thespireofthetowerisbuiltwithanironframe,anditisthisframewhichsupportstheweightofthebells.Severalsmallroomsarebuiltintothelowerpartofthetower,includingasmallprisoncell.TheironframeoftheclockfacewasdesignedbyAWPugin,whowasresponsibleformanyoftheGothicdecorativeelementsofthePalaceofWestminster.Thedialsare23feetindiameterandthefacesthemselvesarenotsolid,butaremadeupofmanysmallpiecesofopalglass,likeaglasswindow.Severalofthecentralpiecesofglasscanberemovedtomakeiteasierforpeopletocheckthehandsoftheclockfrominside.Atthetimeofitsconstructiontheclockmovementwaseasilythelargestintheworld,anditisstillamongthelargesttoday.Theclock,designedbyEdmundBeckettDenison,hasproventobeveryaccurateovertheyears.BigBen—thehourbell—issaidtohavebeennamedafterSirBenjaminHall,whowasknownforhisgreatsize,asisthebell!ThefirstBigBenhourbellwascompletedbeforethetower,sothebellwashunginNewPalaceYard.Afterrepeatedpublicringingthebellcrackedandhadtobereplacedbythecurrentbell.8．Thename"BigBen"actuallyrefersto____.A．thefamoustower B．thehugeclockfacesC．thebiggestbellinside D．thedesignerofthetower9．Fromthetext,weknowthattheclocktower____.A．wasdesignedbyEdmundBeckettDenisonB．wasbuiltin1844C．ismorethan300feethighD．hasnoroomsinit10．Whatisthebenefitoftheopalglassclockfaces?A．Opalglassischeaperthansolidmaterials.B．Thehugebodymakesitmucheasiertosee.C．Theglassissolidenough.D．Piecesofglasscanberemovedtocheckthehands.11．Fromthetext,wecaninferthat____.A．SirBenjaminHallwasafamousarchitectB．thefirsthourbellhasworkedtillnowC．thebellsarehunginsidethespireofthetowerD．theclockisnotaccuratenow閱讀理解Conversationgoesfarbeyondtalking.Italsoinvolves,asSwedishauthorAnnikaThorhaswritten,"eyes,smiles,thesilencesbetweenthewords."Whenthoseelementsareputtogether,conversationalpartnersfeelmostdeeplyengagedandconnected.Dart-mouthCollegeneuroscientistshavetakenthatideaandcarriedittonewplaces.Theyreportsomesurprisingfindingsontheinteractionbetweeneyecontactandhowtwopeoplesynchronize(使同步)neural(神經(jīng)的)activitywhiletalking.Theresearcherssuggestthatbeingintunewithaconversationalpartnerisgood—butthatoccasionallyfallingoutofsyncmightbeevenbetter.Maintainingeyecontacthaslongbeenthoughttoactasthegluethatconnectstwopeopleinconversation.Similarly,thegrowingstudyofneuralsynchronyhaslargelyfocusedonthewayconsistenceinindividuals'brainactivitybenefitsthesocialconnectionbetweenthem.EarlierresearchbytheDartmouthlabhadshowedthatsynchronizedpupildilation(瞳孔擴(kuò)張)servesasareliableindicatorofsharedattention,whichinturnmarksgreaterneuralsynchrony.Inthenewstudy,whichmeasuredpupildilationduringunstructured10-minuteconversations,theresearchersfoundthattheinitialmomentofeyecontact—ratherthanacontinuingperiodoflockedstares—marksapeakinsharedattention.Synchrony,infact,dropssharplyjustafteryoulookintoyourpartner'seyesandbeginstorecoveronlywhenyouandthatpersonlookawayfromeachother."Eyecontactisnotbringingsynchrony;it'sdisturbingit,"saysThaliaWheatley,thepaper'sseniorauthor.Whywouldthishappen?Wheatleyclaimsthatmakingandbreakingeyecontactultimatelydrivestheconversationforward."Perhapswhatthisisdoingisallowingustobreaksynchronyandmovebackintoourownheadssothatwecanbringforthnewandindividualcontributionstokeeptheconversationgoing,"Wohltjensays.Connectionsbetweenstareandsynchronymightberelevanttoresearchinmentaldisordersthatinvolveuntypicalinteraction.Thefindingsalsohelpexplainfrustrationsovervideo-conferencingplatforms,whererealeyecontactisnearlyimpossibletomakeorbreakbecauseofthepositioningofcamerasandwindowsonscreens.12．WhatdotheDartmouthCollegeneuroscientistsfind?A．Peopletendtosynchronizewhiletalking.B．Occasionalabsenceofsynccanbebetter.C．Eyecontactdrawspeopletoconversations.D．Thesilencesbetweenthewordsworkwonders.13．Whendoessharedattentionreachthehighest?A．Atthebeginningofeyecontact.B．After10minutes'lockedstares.C．Inthemiddleoftheconversation.D．Beforelookingawayfromeachother.14．WhatdoesWohltjenthinkofbreakingsynchrony?A．Itdisturbsratherthanbringssynchrony.B．Itoftenresultsincommunicationbarriers.C．Itisareliableindicatorofsharedattention.D．Itaddsfreshthoughtstotheconversation.15．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellusabouttheresearch?A．Itssignificance. B．Itsshortcomings.C．Itschallenges. D．Itscomplexity.二、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話補(bǔ)全對(duì)話Healthisthemostimportantthingintheworld.Nothingismoreimportantthanhealth.Ifwetakeawayourmoney,houses,orevenourclothes,wecanstillsurvive.16．Thatiswhywealwaystrytoeatinahealthywayandexerciseregularly.Howcanwekeephealthy?Inordertoeathealthily,Iusuallyavoideatingfoodhighinfat,likeFrenchfriesorcookies,whicharejunkfood.17．Ieatalotofvegetablesandfreshfruitswhicharefullofvitamins.18．TakingexerciseeverydayhelpsusbuildastrongbodyRegularexerciseisanimportantpartofkeepingmehealthy.What'smore,Ithinkfriendsareanimportantpartofone'shealth.19．IalwaysfeelbetterwhenIamwithfriendsthanwhenIamalone.WhenIamwithfriends,Ialwayslaugh.Laughingisalsoanimportantpartofhealth.It'sgoodtostaywithmyfriends.Byeatingproperlyandexercisingregularly,Icankeepmymindaswellasmybodyhappy.Thesethingssoundeasytodo,butnotmanypeoplecanmanagethem.20．A.Ionlyeatlittlemeat.B.Ontheotherhand,doingexerciseisveryimportant.CSomepeopleappearfatbecausetheyofteneattoomuch.D.Ithinkastrongwillisnecessaryifwewanttokeephealthy.E.Butifourhealthistakenaway,itiscertainthatwewoulddie.F.Therearesomepeoplewholikestayingalone,buttheykeephealthy.G.Manystudiesshowthatpeoplewhohaveawiderangeofsocialcontactgetsicklessthanthosewhodon't.三、完形填空完形填空ThomasEdisontriedtwothousanddifferentmaterialstomakethelightbulb.Whennoneworkedsuccessfully,hisassistantcomplained,"Allourworkis21．vain.Wehavelearnednothing."ThomasEdisonrepliedvery22．,"Oh,wehavecomealongwayandwehave23．a(chǎn)lot.Wenowknowthattherearetwothousandmaterialswhichwecannot24．tomakeagoodlightbulb."Ifyoulearnfromyourmistakes,thenyouare25．.Ifyoulearnfromsomeoneelse'smistakes,thenyouareagenius.Successisnothingmorethanafewsimpledisciplines26．dailyandfailureisnothingmorethanafewsmall27．repeateddaily.How28．theabovelinesare!Successtakes29．.We'llmakemistakes30．wedothingsintoomuchofahurry.Whenwedonotpracticedisciplinesinlife,wedon'tbuildenoughconfidenceto31．newandchallengingtaskswhichareimportantandmatterinlife.Ourconfidence32．whatwethinkofourselvesandwhetherwebelieveinourselves.Weareallbornwithexceptional33．,butonlyafewreally34．theirtruepotentialsandmakeeffortsinlifeandtheothersjustleada(n)35．life.Doyouwanttobeexceptional?Successisafruitwhicheveryonewantsto36．,butitisnotfoundeverywhereandnoonecan37．itwithoutseriousefforts.Thosewhowanttosucceedwillfindaway;thosewhodon'twillfinda(n)38．!Successdependsonprevious39．,andwithoutitwewillendinfailure.Whenyouare40．,pleaseenjoyitandgiveyourhandtootherswhowanttoaccomplishsomething.?21．A．with B．in C．on D．a(chǎn)t22．A．confidently B．madly C．carelessly D．a(chǎn)ngrily23．A．remembered B．refused C．learned D．ordered24．A．test B．ignore C．invent D．use25．A．healthy B．enthusiastic C．intelligent D．generous26．A．shown B．prevented C．recorded D．practised27．A．errors B．machines C．jobs D．steps28．A．common B．strange C．familiar D．true29．A．effect B．time C．drugs D．roles30．A．a(chǎn)sthough B．sothat C．unless D．if31．A．keep B．a(chǎn)ttempt C．give D．see32．A．dependson B．setsaside C．turnsdown D．setsup33．A．a(chǎn)ppearance B．experiences C．qualities D．feelings34．A．own B．realize C．provide D．research35．A．a(chǎn)ctive B．hard C．rich D．a(chǎn)verage36．A．sell B．draw C．eat D．praise37．A．a(chǎn)chieve B．watch C．offer D．recognize38．A．story B．excuse C．key D．plan39．A．preparation B．influence C．life D．generation40．A．powerful B．wonderful C．successful D．hopeful四、語法填空語法填空Chinaisthebirthplaceofsilk.Raisingsilkwormsforsilkproduction41．(date)backtoover6,000yearsago.LegendhasitthatthewifeoftheYellowEmperorwashavingteaunderamulberrytree(桑樹)42．a(chǎn)cocoon(蠶繭)fellintohercup.Asshewatched,thecocoonspunastrongwhitethread.Sheunwoundthestringontoherfinger,43．(realize)thatitcouldbeusedasweavingthread.Thusanindustrywasborn.Shetaughtherpeoplehowtoraisesilkworms,and44．(late)inventedtheloom(織布機(jī)).Silkproductionreached45．highlevelduringtheShangDynasty(1600BC—1046BC).Formorethantwothousandyears,theChinesekeptthesecretofsilkto46．(they).Itwasoneofthemostguarded47．(secret)inhistory.Anyonefoundguiltyoftakingsilkwormeggs,cocoons,ormulberryseedswasputtodeath.Silkclotheswerewornbyemperorsandrichpeopleandbecameasymbol48．wealth.Commonpeoplewerepreventedfromwearingsilk.Withtheincreasesoftravelsandtrading,sericulture49．(slow)reachedtheoutsideworldfromAsiatoEurope.Nowmostofsilk50．(produce)inthesouthoftheYangtzeRiverDelta,suchasSuzhou,Hangzhou,Nanjing,andShaoxing.五、書面表達(dá)51．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。SomeofmyclassmatesandIwenthikingonyesterday.Earlyinthemorning,wegatheredatourschoolgateandthenheadforWestLake,wherewas10kilometersaway.Onarriving,wefirstvisitedsomefamousplacesofintereststhere,whichleftadeepimpressiononus.Thenwewentboating,enjoythebeautifulsceneryofthelake.Final,wetastedsomelocalspecialsnacks.Beforeweknewit,itwastimeforusgohome.Althoughthehikewasverytired,weallhadagoodtime.Theynotonlygotrelaxedbyadmiringthebeautyofnatureandalsohadourhorizonsbroadened.52．假定你是高二年級(jí)一班的李華，得知學(xué)校要開辦《學(xué)生雙語報(bào)》，需要在校內(nèi)招聘一位同學(xué)擔(dān)任編輯，請(qǐng)你寫一封申請(qǐng)信應(yīng)聘。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下：1.寫信目的；2.個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)；3.能做的事情。注意：1.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；2.詞數(shù)100左右（信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）。參考詞匯：《學(xué)生雙語報(bào)》StudentBilingualNewspaperDearSirorMadam,MynameisLiHua.IamahighschoolstudentinClassOne,GradeTwo.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．D3．A【解析】【分析】本文為應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了4個(gè)一日游的景點(diǎn)的相關(guān)信息。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文主要涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題一種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)理解題做題時(shí)抓住題干的關(guān)鍵詞，從文中仔細(xì)定位，尋找答案。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TourB部分內(nèi)容Oxford:IncludesaguidedtourofEngland'soldestuniversitycityandcolleges.可知在Oxford，可以在導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下參觀英國(guó)最古老的大學(xué)城和學(xué)院，故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)各個(gè)旅行的收費(fèi)：TourABath&Stonehenge（￡37until26Marchand￡39thereafter），TourBOxford&Stratford（￡32until12Marchand￡36thereafter）；TourC-WindsorCastle&HamptonCourt（￡34until11Marchand￡37thereafter）；TourD–Cambridge（￡33until18Marchand￡37thereafter），可知在3月17號(hào)收費(fèi)最低的游行是TourD–Cambridge，故選D。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章With500yearsofhistory,HamptonCourtwasoncethehomeoffourKingsandoneQueen.Nowthisformerroyalpalaceisopentothepublicasamajortouristattraction.可知HamptonCourt有500年的歷史，曾經(jīng)是四位國(guó)王和一位女王的家。現(xiàn)在，這座昔日的皇家宮殿作為一個(gè)主要的旅游景點(diǎn)向公眾開放。故選A。【答案】4．D5．A6．A7．A【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。主要講述喜劇是怎樣幫助作者恢復(fù)心理健康的，并且作者想告訴大家，心理健康可以修復(fù)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題、詞義猜測(cè)題，推理判斷題三種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推理判斷題需根據(jù)語境合理分析，推出最合理答案；詞義猜測(cè)題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出合理的詞義。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章首段WhenIwasateenager,Iknewnothingaboutmentalhealth.Ifyoutalkedabout"safespaces",I'dthinkthatyoumeantabank.What'smore,Ididn'tcareaboutmentalhealth.由關(guān)鍵詞knewnothing，didn'tcareabout可知作者十幾歲時(shí)對(duì)待心理健康問題漠不關(guān)心。故選D。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后Peoplealwayswonderwhathelpedmerecoverandthekeywassimple:comedy(喜劇).可知喜劇幫助作者恢復(fù)健康，所以第三段進(jìn)一步解釋喜劇怎樣幫助作者恢復(fù)健康的，通過第三段關(guān)鍵句ThiswassomethingIturnedtowhenIwasinrecoveryfrom...，可推出，This指代喜劇，故選A。6．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章InhisnewbookSatire,ComedyandMentalHealth,helooksathowcomedycanbeusedasamentalhealthmethod.Enjoyedwithothers,itisimportantforgoodmentalhealthandrecovery.可知在他的新書《諷刺、喜劇和心理健康》中，他探討了如何將喜劇作為一種心理健康方法，喜劇對(duì)良好的心理健康和康復(fù)很重要。此處it代指Comedy，故選A。7．推理判斷題。本文主要講述喜劇是怎樣幫助作者恢復(fù)心理健康的，與健康和生活有關(guān)，故選A。【答案】8．C9．C10．D11．C【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。主要介紹關(guān)于英國(guó)大本鐘如何建造，發(fā)展歷史等相關(guān)信息。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題兩種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案；推斷題需要結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，從而推斷出需要的信息。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章thename"BigBen"doesnotrefertothefamoustower,nortothefourhugeclockfacesofthisLondonlandmark;instead,itreferstothelargestoneofthefivebellsinsidetheclocktower.可知"大本鐘"這個(gè)名字既不是指這座著名的塔樓，也不是指這座倫敦地標(biāo)的四個(gè)巨大鐘面；相反，它指的是鐘樓內(nèi)五個(gè)鐘中最大的一個(gè)。故選C。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Thetoweris316feethigh.可知這座塔有316英尺高。C項(xiàng)正確，故選C。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章...thefacesthemselvesarenotsolid,butaremadeupofmanysmallpiecesofopalglass,likeaglasswindow.Severalofthecentralpiecesofglasscanberemoved

tomakeiteasierforpeopletocheckthehandsoftheclockfrominside.可知這些面本身不是固體的，而是由許多小塊的蛋白石玻璃組成的，就像一扇玻璃窗。中心的幾塊玻璃可以被移除，以便人們從內(nèi)部檢查時(shí)鐘的指針。D項(xiàng)（玻璃可以被移除，以檢查指針）正確，故選D。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Thespireofthetowerisbuiltwithanironframe，anditisthisframewhichsupportstheweightofthebells.可判斷鐘掛在塔尖內(nèi)，故選C。【答案】12．B13．A14．D15．A【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。主要講述交流對(duì)話遠(yuǎn)不止是談話，它還包括眼睛、微笑和字里行間的沉默。達(dá)特茅斯學(xué)院的神經(jīng)科學(xué)家們也接受這一觀點(diǎn)，為此進(jìn)行了調(diào)查研究，研究人員表示，與談話對(duì)象保持步調(diào)一致是件好事，但偶爾不同步可能更好，不同步是為了提出新的想法，從而讓對(duì)話繼續(xù)下去。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題兩種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案；推斷題需要結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，從而推斷出需要的信息。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Theresearcherssuggestthatbeingintunewithaconversationalpartnerisgood—butthatoccasionallyfallingoutofsyncmightbeevenbetter.可知研究人員表示，與談話對(duì)象保持步調(diào)一致是件好事，但偶爾不同步可能更好。B項(xiàng)符合，故選B。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章theresearchersfoundthattheinitialmomentofeyecontact—ratherthanacontinuingperiodoflockedstares—marksapeakinsharedattention.可知研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，目光接觸的最初時(shí)刻，而不是持續(xù)的凝視，標(biāo)志著共同注意力的高峰。選項(xiàng)A中atthebeginningof...與initial詞意相仿，故選A。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章"Perhapswhatthisisdoingisallowingustobreaksynchronyandmovebackintoourownheadssothatwecanbringforthnewandindividualcontributionstokeeptheconversationgoing,"Wohltjensays.（也許這樣做是為了讓我們打破同步，回到我們自己的頭腦中，這樣我們就可以提出新的話題，讓對(duì)話繼續(xù)下去）可知Wohltjen認(rèn)為打破同步是為了提出新的想法，以便讓對(duì)話繼續(xù)下去，故選D。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Connectionsbetweenstareandsynchronymightberelevanttoresearchinmentaldisordersthatinvolveuntypicalinteraction.Thefindingsalsohelpexplainfrustrationsovervideo-conferencingplatforms...（凝視和同步之間的聯(lián)系可能與涉及非典型互動(dòng)的精神障礙研究有關(guān)。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)也有助于解釋人們對(duì)視頻會(huì)議平臺(tái)的不滿）可知本段講述研究的好處，即重要性。A.Itssignificance重要性；B.Itsshortcomings缺點(diǎn)；C.Itschallenges挑戰(zhàn)與難題；D.Itscomplexity復(fù)雜性。故選A。【答案】16．E；17．A；18．B；19．G；20．D【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。主要講述健康是世界上最重要的東西，對(duì)于如何保持健康，作者給出了幾條建議。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀。注意分析文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)，上下文語境與選項(xiàng)的關(guān)系，找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞和關(guān)鍵信息，排除多余選項(xiàng)，選出適當(dāng)答案。16．本文主題為健康的重要性。文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)為總分。空處上文說如果拿走我們的錢，房子，甚至我們的衣服，我們?nèi)匀豢梢陨妗項(xiàng)（但如果我們的健康被帶走，我們肯定會(huì)死）符合語境，if引起的條件狀語從句與上文匹配，故選E。17．根據(jù)本段空處上文（為了吃得健康，我通常避免吃高脂肪的食物，比如薯?xiàng)l或餅干，這些都是垃圾食品）以及下文（我吃很多富含維生素的蔬菜和新鮮水果）說明空處也和飲食習(xí)慣有關(guān)，而且以第一人稱進(jìn)行講述，A項(xiàng)（我只吃一點(diǎn)肉）符合語境，故選A。18．根據(jù)下文（每天鍛煉有助于我們建立一個(gè)強(qiáng)壯的身體。有規(guī)律的鍛煉是保持健康的重要組成部分）說明本段與運(yùn)動(dòng)鍛煉有關(guān)，屬于如何保持健康的第二條建議，B項(xiàng)（另一方面，做運(yùn)動(dòng)是非常重要的）符合，故選B。19．本段屬于如何保持健康的第三條建議——友誼。空處下文講述當(dāng)作者和朋友在一起的時(shí)候，總是比獨(dú)自一人的時(shí)候感覺更好。說明社交和朋友對(duì)于健康的重要性，G項(xiàng)（許多研究表明，有廣泛社會(huì)接觸的人比那些沒有廣泛社會(huì)接觸的人更少生病）符合，故選G。20．根據(jù)空處上文（這些事情聽起來很容易做到，但并不是很多人能做到）說明保持健康還需要堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志力，D項(xiàng)（我認(rèn)為如果我們想保持健康，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志是必要的）符合，故選D。【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．D；25．C；26．D；27．A；28．D；29．B；30．D；31．B；32．A；33．C；34．B；35．D；36．C；37．A；38．B；39．A；40．C【解析】【分析】本文為夾敘夾議。主要通過托馬斯·愛迪生為了成功找到制作好的燈泡的材料，曾測(cè)試了兩千種多種材料，說明成功需要時(shí)間，需要不斷吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。成功還取決于先前的準(zhǔn)備，沒有先前的準(zhǔn)備就會(huì)以失敗告終。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空，首先通讀一遍文章，跳過缺失的單詞，初步了解文章大意，再根據(jù)上下文來判斷選項(xiàng)，最后對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行區(qū)別，選出正確的那一項(xiàng)。特別注意日常對(duì)詞匯的積累和運(yùn)用。21．句意：我們所有的努力都白費(fèi)了。我們什么也沒學(xué)到。with和，具有，用；in在……里；on在……上；at在（表示存在或出現(xiàn)的地點(diǎn)、場(chǎng)所、位置、空間）。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞learnnothing可知此處使用固定短語invain徒勞地，無效地。故選B。22．句意：托馬斯·愛迪生自信地回答道。confidently自信地；madly瘋狂地，發(fā)狂地；carelessly粗心地，不注意地；angrily生氣地。根據(jù)下文托馬斯·愛迪生的回復(fù)，可知此處是自信地回答，故選A。23．句意：我們?cè)囼?yàn)了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，學(xué)到了很多東西。remembered記得；refused拒絕；learned學(xué)習(xí)；ordered命令，點(diǎn)單。根據(jù)下文Wenowknowthattherearetwothousandmaterialswhichwecannot可知他認(rèn)為他們學(xué)到了（知道了）有2000種不同的材料不能用來制造燈泡，故選C。24．句意：我們現(xiàn)在知道有兩千種材料不能用來制造一個(gè)好的燈泡。test測(cè)試；ignore忽視；invent發(fā)明；use使用。根據(jù)上文noneworkedsuccessfully說明2000種不同的材料都不能用來制造燈泡，故選D。25．句意：如果你能從錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，那么你就是聰明的人。healthy健康的；enthusiastic熱情的；intelligent有才智的，聰明的；generous慷慨的，大方的。根據(jù)下文Ifyoulearnfromsomeoneelse'smistakes,thenyouareagenius.可知空處應(yīng)選和genius（天才）相應(yīng)的詞，故選C。26．句意：成功不過是每天練習(xí)一些簡(jiǎn)單的規(guī)則，失敗不過是每天重復(fù)一些小錯(cuò)誤。shown顯示；prevented預(yù)防；recorded記錄，錄音；practised練習(xí)。根據(jù)下文Whenwedonotpractice

disciplinesinlife...可知此處使用D項(xiàng)，下文有鋪墊，故選D。27．句意：成功不過是每天練習(xí)一些簡(jiǎn)單的規(guī)則，失敗不過是每天重復(fù)一些小錯(cuò)誤。errors錯(cuò)誤；machines機(jī)器；jobs工作；steps步驟，臺(tái)階。根據(jù)上文托馬斯·愛迪生嘗試了2000種不同的材料來制造燈泡，但沒有一個(gè)成功，說明失敗是不斷重復(fù)的錯(cuò)誤，故選A。28．句意：上面的這些話是多么正確啊！common普通的，共同的；strange奇怪的；familiar熟悉的；true正確的。根據(jù)下文作者進(jìn)行的闡述，說明他贊同上面的話，故選D。29．句意：成功需要時(shí)間。effect效果，影響；time時(shí)間，時(shí)光；drugs藥品；毒品；roles角色，作用。根據(jù)下文We'llmakemistakes...wedothingsintoomuchofahurry可知成功需要時(shí)間，匆忙做的事情只會(huì)犯錯(cuò)，不會(huì)成功，故選B。30．句意：如果我們做事太匆忙，就會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤。asthough好像；sothat目的是；unless除非；if如果。根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系，此處表示假設(shè)的條件，故選D。31．句意：當(dāng)我們?cè)谏钪胁痪毩?xí)規(guī)則時(shí)，我們就不能建立足夠的信心去嘗試新的和有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)，這些任務(wù)在生活中是重要的。keep保持；attempt努力，嘗試；give給；see看見。根據(jù)下文關(guān)鍵詞語newandchallengingtasks可知去嘗試新的和有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)，故選B。32．句意：我們的信心取決于我們對(duì)自己的看法以及我們是否相信自己。dependson依靠，信賴，取決于；setsaside擱置，暫時(shí)不考慮；turnsdown拒絕，音量調(diào)小；setsup建立。根據(jù)上下文語境和常識(shí)，如果我們相信自己，那我們就有信心，故選A。33．句意：我們生來都有非凡的品質(zhì)，但只有少數(shù)人真正意識(shí)到他們真正的潛力，并在生活中努力，其他人只是過著平庸的生活。appearance外觀，表面現(xiàn)象；experiences經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷；qualities品質(zhì)；feelings感情。根據(jù)下文關(guān)鍵詞theirtruepotentials說明此處在說人們具有的潛在的品質(zhì)與特性，故選C。34．句意：我們生來都有非凡的品質(zhì)，但只有少數(shù)人真正意識(shí)到他們真正的潛力，并在生活中努力，其他人只是過著平庸的生活。own擁有；realize意識(shí)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)；provide提供；research調(diào)查。根據(jù)上文可知每個(gè)人生來都有非凡的品質(zhì)，關(guān)鍵詞語butonlyafew，theirtruepotential說明只有少數(shù)人真正意識(shí)到他們真正的潛力，故選B。35．句意：我們生來都有非凡的品質(zhì)，但只有少數(shù)人真正意識(shí)到他們真正的潛力，并在生活中努力，其他人只是過著平庸的生活。active積極的；hard艱難的，硬的；rich富有的；average普通的，平常的，平均（數(shù)）的。此處和上文makeeffortsinlife形成對(duì)比，說明大多數(shù)人在生活中過著平庸的生活，故選D。36．句意：成功是一種人人都想吃的果實(shí)，但它并不是到處都有，沒有人能不認(rèn)真努力就獲得成功。sell出售；draw畫畫，吸引；eat吃；praise表揚(yáng)。此處和名詞fruit搭配，使用eat合理，故選C。37．句意：成功是一種人人都想吃的果實(shí)，但它并不是到處都有，沒有人能不認(rèn)真努力就獲得成功。achieve實(shí)現(xiàn)，獲得成功，達(dá)到；watch觀看；offer提出；recognize辨認(rèn)出。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞Successisafruit，withoutseriousefforts說明想要獲得成功，需要努力，否則不能獲得成功，故選A。38．句意：想要成功的人會(huì)找到方法；那些沒有成功的人會(huì)找借口。story故事；excuse理由，借口；key關(guān)鍵，鑰匙；plan計(jì)劃。此處前后形成對(duì)比，即尋找方法獲得成功的人與沒有成功找借口的人形成對(duì)比，故選B。39．句意：成功取決于先前的準(zhǔn)備，沒有先前的準(zhǔn)備就會(huì)以失敗告終。preparation準(zhǔn)備；influence影響；life生活；generation一代/輩，一代人的時(shí)間。根據(jù)上文托馬斯·愛迪生為了成功，測(cè)試了兩千種材料，說明成功需要先前的準(zhǔn)備，故選A。40．句意：當(dāng)你成功時(shí)，請(qǐng)享受它，并幫助那些想要完成某事的人。powerful強(qiáng)有力的；wonderful令人驚嘆的，極好的；successful成功的；hopeful有幫助的。根據(jù)下文pleaseenjoyitandgiveyourhandtootherswhowanttoaccomplishsomething.說明成功了，才有能力幫助他人，有心情享受成功，故選C。【答案】41．dates；42．when；43．realizing；44．later；45．a(chǎn)；46．themselves；47．secrets；48．of；49．slowly；50．isproduced【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。主要介紹蠶桑的歷史和絲綢的發(fā)展。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語法填空。本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)，定語從句，名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，形容詞副詞用法，固定短語，介詞辨析，代詞用法，冠詞用法等，要求考生仔細(xì)分析文章上下文，找準(zhǔn)邏輯關(guān)系，結(jié)合相應(yīng)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行分析推理，得出正確答案。41．句意：養(yǎng)蠶制絲的歷史可以追溯到6000多年前。分析空處，做謂語動(dòng)詞，本句屬于客觀事實(shí)，使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)。短語datebackto意為"追溯到……"，故填dates。42．句意：傳說黃帝的妻子在桑樹下喝茶時(shí)，一只蠶繭掉進(jìn)了她的杯子里。分析本句，that從句中出現(xiàn)2個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞washaving和fell，說明從句中又含有從句，空處需填連詞引導(dǎo)從句，分析兩個(gè)分句語意，使用固定句式bedoing...when...（正在……突然……）合理，故填when。43．句意：她解開繩子到手指上，意識(shí)到它可以被用作編織的線。分析本句，謂語動(dòng)詞為unwound，空處使用非謂語動(dòng)詞，主語She與動(dòng)詞realize（意識(shí)到）為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，使用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填realizing。44．句意：她教人們?nèi)绾勿B(yǎng)蠶，后來發(fā)明了織布機(jī)。分析空處，使用副詞做狀語，修飾整句話。later是副詞，意思是"較晚地"，"后來",later可以單獨(dú)使用做狀語，故填later。45．句意：商代的絲綢生產(chǎn)達(dá)到了很高的水平。level作為"水平"時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，一種很高的水平使用ahighlevel，使用不定冠詞表示首次提到，泛指，故填a。46．句意：兩千多年來，中國(guó)人一直保守著絲綢的秘密。此處式樣固定短語keep...tooneself保守秘密，主語為theChinese，為第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)，反身代詞使用themselves，故填themselves。47．句意：這是歷史上最保守的秘密之一。oneof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示"……中之一"，名詞secret的復(fù)數(shù)為secrets，故填secrets。48．句意：絲綢衣服被皇帝和富人穿，成為財(cái)富的象征。分析空處和語境，使用介詞of，表示歸屬、屬