第第頁浙江省寧波市2022-2023學年高二下學期期末九校聯考英語試卷一、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳答案。SomeTopCoastDestinationstoVisitBritainhasover18,000milesofcoastlinetoexplore:fromwhitesoftsandsandvibrantseasideresorts,towildnaturereservesfilledwithpuffins（海鸚）,dolphinsandvariousthrills.Whereveryou'reheading,here'swheretosplash,surf,dive,swim-andperhapsevensunbathe-onBritain'sshores.WhyweloveKent?Fromice-creamshopstotownsthatareonthemapforcutting-edgefoodandart,the'GardenofEngland'ismeantfordiscovery.JustashorthopfromLondontakesyoutoMargate-hometotheTurnerContemporarygalleryandDreamlandthemepark.TuckintodeliciousoystersandotherseafoodinWhitstableortrybohemianRamsgateforaweekendaway.Relaxamongthecandy-colouredbeachhutsofBroadstairs,orbringthepastaliveinthesurroundsoftime-honoredDoverCastle,LeedsCastleorCanterburyCathedral.WhywelovetheJurassicCoast?Welcometodinosaurterritory.Over200millionyearsold,theJurassicCoast'sbeachesandrocksarestrewnwithancientfossilsandfootprints-yourstodiscoveronwalks,bikeridesandpicnics.Butthat'snotall.This95-milecoastlinealsoofferscountlesswaystoexplore:fromkayakingbetweenthechalk-whitetowersofOldHarryRocksandswimminginWestBay'sclearwaters,towatchingthesunsetovertheseafromPortlandBillLighthouse.Whereveryouventure,here'swhattolookoutfor,andthebestplacestostay.WhywelovetheWalesCoastPath.Thisisn'tjustawalkingtrail-it'stheroutetoadventure,culture,wildlifeandmore,servingup870milesofbreathtakingseaviews,gloriousbeaches,wildflower-toppedcliffsandcharmingharbourvillages.EvenashortwalkisastartingpointtodiscoverthetreasuresofcoastalWales:fromsurfing,sailingandswimming,tohorse-ridingonbeachesandcyclingthroughforests.Youdon'thavetobealong-distancehikertoenjoytheWalesCoastPath:wildlifelovers,thrillseekers,daytrippers-thisone'sforyou.1．WhichofthefollowingmaybethereasonwhypeoplevisitKent?A．Itsthrillingseasports. B．Itslonghikingpath.C．Itsdiversewildlife. D．Itsoldbuildings.2．Whichdestinationmayattractthoseinterestedinstudyingtheremainsofancientcreatures?A．Kent. B．TheJurassicCoast.C．Margate. D．TheWalesCoastPath.3．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Atravelbrochure. B．Ageographymagazine.C．Alocalnewspaper. D．Anentertainmentweekly.閱讀理解Whentheparcelarrives,theremote-controlledcarinsideisbroken.Thatcouldeasilyresultinanunhappychild-butnotthistime.ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves.Thecompany,TeamRepair,hasbeenfoundedbyfiveengineeringgraduatesfromImperialCollegeLondon.Havingbegunasauniversityproject,itsultimategoalistosteerchildrenintocareersinscienceandtonurture（培養）anewgenerationofengineersandinventors."Everymonth,we'llsendchildrenanelectronicgadgetwithacarefullyplannedfault,"saidPatrickMcGuckian,22,thechiefoperatingofficer."Theideaisthattheylearnkeyrepairskills,andthattheyalsolearnthescienceandtechnologybehindhowthecomponentsinsideitwork."ItisestimatedthattwomilliontonnesofelectricalandelectronicitemsarethrownawayintheUKeachyear."Meanwhile,theUKhasaStem[science,technology,engineeringandmaths]skillsshortagecosting￡1.5billionayear,"McGuckiansaid."Wewantedtohelpsolvethosetwoproblems."Theservice-currentlyinatestingphase-willcost￡28amonth,witheachkitdesignedtokeepachildoccupiedforseveralhours.Onceagadgethasbeenmended,youpostitbacksoitcanbebrokenagainforsomebodyelsetofix.Thereisalsoanapptoprovideinstructionsonhowtoperformtherepair,andalsominisciencelessons."Asasocietywe'vebeentunedtoreplaceratherthanrepair,"McGuckiansaid."Wewanttoencourageadifferentmindsetinthenextgeneration-andontopofthat,wewantthemtobecreative,tobeengineers,tobeinventorsthatsolvethebiggestproblems."4．Whydoestheauthormentiontheremote-controlledcarinthefirstparagraph?A．Tointroducethetopic. B．Topresentafact.C．Tomakeacomparison. D．Toexplainapoint.5．What'stheaimofsettingupthecompanyTeamRepair?A．Toprovidechildrenwithfaultytoys.B．Toreducetheuseofelectronicitems.C．TohelpchildrenlearnStemskillsforfree.D．Toequipchildrenwiththeabilitytorepair.6．Whatwillchildrengetiftheysignupfortheservice?A．Thegadgetafterbeingrepaired.B．Face-to-faceguidancetomend.C．Someminisciencelessonsonline.D．Afaultyelectronicgadgetweekly.7．Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A．BrokenToysHaveaGoodPlacetoGoB．TeamRepairforYoungPeoplewasSetUpC．TheAbilitytoFixGadgetsistobeImprovedD．BrokenToysOfferNeatFixforSkillsShortage閱讀理解Itisn'tjustpeoplewhogetroadrage.Robins,akindofsmallbrownEuropeanbird,inthecountrysidebecomemoreaggressivewhentheyhearthesoundoftraffic,accordingtoastudy.Whenarobinarrivesuninvitedonanotherbird'sterritory,theyadapttheirsongstowardtherivalaway,andadoptvisualdisplaysincludingswayingfromsidetosideandthreateninglybaringtheirredchestfeathers,beforeclosinginandevengoingontheattack.Previousstudieshadfoundthatrobinslivingincitiesweremorephysicallyaggressivethantheirruralcousins.Thelatestresearchsuggeststhatnoisepollutioncouldplayapart.Toexploretheconnection,scientistsfromUKandTurkeyputa3D-printedplasticmodelofarobinonanotherrobin'splaceattwolocations:anurbanparkinIstanbulthatwasclosetobusyroads,andaquietwoodedareaoutsidethecity.Themodelintruder（闖入者）wasalsoequippedwithrecordingsofrobinsongs.Then,throughaseparatespeakernearby,theyaddedtrafficnoise."Innormallyquietsurroundings,wefoundthatadditionaltrafficnoiseleadstoruralrobinsbecomingmorephysicallyaggressive,forinstanceapproachingthemodelbirdmoreclosely,"saidDr?aglarAkcay,thestudy'sleadauthor.Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds,theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless,suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto"sitout"temporaryincreasesinnoise.Akcayandhisteambelievedthatthetrafficnoisewasinterferingwithrobins'naturalcommunicationthroughsong."Thehighlevelsofnoisethatexistdayandnightinurbanhabitats,suchasfromtrafficorconstructionequipment,maypermanentlyinterferewiththeefficienttransmissionofacoustic（聲音的）signalsandthisislikelytobethekeyreasonwhyurbanrobinsaretypicallymoreaggressivethanruralbirds,"hesaid.8．Whatkindofbirdarerobins?A．Mild. B．Competitive. C．Cooperative. D．Graceful.9．Howdidthescientistsconductthestudy?A．Byanalyzingpreviousresearchdata.B．Bycitingthefamousscientists'words.C．Bycomparingrobins'differentresponses.D．Byrecordingthemodelintruder'sbehavior.10．Whenexposedtoextratrafficnoise,howmayurbanrobinsreact?A．Singnotasfrequentlyasusual.B．Wardtherivalawaybysingingmore.C．Swaymoreviolentlyfromsidetoside.D．Approachthemodelbirdmoreclosely.11．WhatisAkcay'sattitudetothefutureofrobins?A．Unclear. B．Indifferent. C．Optimistic. D．Concerned.閱讀理解Formorethanacentury,PaulCézanne(1839-1906)hasbeencelebratedasanartist'sartist.Fornearlyaslong,thebanker'ssonfromAix-en-Provencehasbeencreditedwithlayingthegroundworkforthe20th-centuryavant-garde（前衛派思想）.Butthecurators（負責人）ofthelargestCézanneexhibitionsince1997decidedthatmorecouldbelearnedaboutthegreatFrenchpost-impressionistsimplybylookingmorecloselyathispaintings.Ofthe80oilpaintingsinthisshow,whichwilllatertraveltoLondon'sTateModern,eighthavebeensubjectedtoinfraredX-rayandotherimagingtechnologiestodeterminehowhemadeeachmark.Thecurators'conclusion:WhatmadeCézanneapioneerandenduringinspirationisthatineverylandscape,stilllife,portrait,andfigurepainting,hewastryingtocommunicateemotionwitheverybrushstroke,buildingeachimagesensationbysensation.Unlikeotherartists,Cézanneseems"lessconcernedaboutwhatheisdepictingthanhowheisbuildingapicture,"saidKyleMacMillanintheChicagoSunTimes.InpaintingssuchasStillLifeWithApples(1893-94),"standardrulesofperspectiveareoverthrownandtheobjectslookliketheyareabouttoslideoffthetable."ButtheimpactthatCézannehadisobviousinthisshow,which"goestogreatlengths"tohighlightwhichworkswerecollectedbyfellowartists,saidJ.S.MarcusinTheWallStreetJournal.ClaudeMonet,PabloPicasso,andHenriMatisseallownedCézannes,andJasperJohnshasloanedtheshowoneofCézanne'sdrawingsoffemalebathers,afavoritesubjectoftheearlierartistthatisshowcasedinthisexhibition'sfinalroom.Thefiguresintheseworks"oftenhaveanimpassive（冷漠的）quality,leadingmanycriticstowonderifhefilledhiscelebratedappleswithgreateremotionthanhishumansubjects."ButnotthattheshowtellsyouhowtointerpretCézannes."It'suptoyoutowindyourownway.It'swhatCézannedid,afterall."12．WhatcanwelearnaboutCézanne?A．Hepaintedabout80oilpaintingsinhislifetime.B．HewasthecuratorofthelargestgalleryinFrance.C．HewasagreatFrenchpost-impressionistinthe1800s.D．Hewasapioneerinpaintingwithmoderntechnologies.13．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"overthrown"inparagraph3?A．Abandoned. B．Established. C．Obeyed. D．Created.14．WhatcanbeinferredaboutCézanne'sworks?A．Thefiguresinhisworksarefullofemotions.B．Hisworkswerelovedbymanyfellowartists.C．Thethemeofhisearlyworkswasrelatedtoreligion.D．HisworksarebeingexhibitedinTateModerninLondon.15．Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A．WorksofCézanne. B．ThelifestoryofCézanne.C．AnexhibitionofCézanne. D．PaintingskillsofCézanne.二、任務型閱讀（共5小題；每小題2分,滿分12.5分）根據短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheHealingPowerofWaterIthasbeenaroughfewyear.Manyofusarefindingourselvesexhausted,burnedout,strugglingtobuildbalancebackintoourlives.16．Neuroscientistssaythatspendingtimenearoceans,lakes,riversandotherbluespacescanprovidearangeofbenefitsincludingreducinganxiety,easingmentalfatigueandrefreshingus.Participatinginwateractivitiessuchasswimmingorsurfingcanhelpusentera"flowstate,"wherewebecomefullyimmersedinwhatwe'redoing.17．Whenwebecomeskilledatanactivity,ourbrainchanges,makingiteveneasiertoenterastateofflowinthefuture.Bodiesofwateralsocanproduceaglorioussenseofawe-theemotionalresponsetosomethingvastthatexpandsandchallengeshowweseetheworld.18．Waterhasspecialpropertiesthatmayboostnature'spositiveimpact.19．Itssmellcanprovokepositivememoriesandassociations.Whenwearenearwater,thereisoftenlessvisualandauditoryinformationtoprocess.Ourmindcanrest.Whenwe'refloatinginwater,ourbodiescanresttoo,inawaywenevercanonland.20．Itmovesrhythmically,producingaplayoflight,colorandsoundthatisspellbinding.Itholdsourattention,butnotinanoverlydemandingway.Researcherscallthissoftfascination.Itgivesourbrainsabreakfromtheintense,focusedattentionthatmuchofdailyliferequires.A.Mostimportant:Waterisdynamic.B.Weneedtorechargeandwatercanhelp.C.Thesoundofwater,typicallysteadyandsoft,soothesus.D.Wecanspendtimeonthewateranywhere,anytimeinourmind.E.Thiscalmsthemind,whichisoftenabsorbedbyworryandanxiety.F.It'snotjustourbodiesthatneedtheelementoflife-it'sourmindstoo.G.Suchsenseofawecandecreasestressandhelpusputthingsintoperspective.三、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IntotheRapidsWyattandhisteamwereontheArkansasRiver,paddling（劃槳）throughoneofColorado'sdeepestcanyons.Brody,theirguidehad21．themthatsomepartsofthestreamwouldberapid.Justsecondsearlier,theyhad22．anotherrafttrappedonarockbyintentionallyhittingit.Butthemomentum（沖力）hadcausedtheirownrafttoentersome23．rapidstooquickly.Beforetheycoulddoanything,theraft24．intothecanyonwall.Astheybouncedback,Wyattlosthis25．andwasthrownbackward,rightintothe26．.Thewatertossedhimaroundviolently,buthecaughtbreathswheneverhecould.Lookingoverhisshoulder,he27．toseeBrodythrowinghimthelifeline,buthe'dalreadymoved50yardsaheadoftheraft.Heknewhehadtogetoutofthissituationhimself."Dn't28．."Wyatttoldhimself,tryingtorememberthesafetytalkBrodyhadgiventothem.Herolledontohisback,pointinghisfeetdownstreamtocushion（緩沖）anypossible29．.Whentheriver30．foramoment,Wyattwasabletocatchhisbreath.Aroundthe31．,hesawastretchofriverbank.Thenhesawsomethingevenmore32．:theraftthey'dfreedearlierwaspulledupalongsidetheriverbank.Itscrew33．Wyattandstartedwavingcrazily."Swim!"theyshouted."Swimtous!"Hishopesignited,Wyatt34．ontohisstomachandswam.Hegaveiteverythinghehad.Finally,hefeltstronghandsgrabbingholdofhislifevestand35．himfromtheriver.21．A．inspired B．cautioned C．convinced D．ensured22．A．freed B．challenged C．grasped D．checked23．A．messy B．steady C．tricky D．clumsy24．A．broke B．crashed C．fell D．marched25．A．breath B．temper C．sight D．balance26．A．raft B．wall C．riverbank D．rapids27．A．expected B．failed C．tended D．pretended28．A．complain B．hesitate C．panic D．suspect29．A．fish B．rocks C．grass D．shells30．A．flowed B．roared C．rose D．quieted31．A．bottom B．clock C．bend D．woods32．A．promising B．disappointing C．rewarding D．demanding33．A．overlooked B．impressed C．betrayed D．spotted34．A．dived B．climbed C．rolled D．pressed35．A．dragging B．distracting C．sheltering D．dismissing.四、語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Atraditionalfestivalcloselyrelatedtospring,whichhadremainedsilentforcenturies,isbackinbloom,thanksto36．(grow)enthusiasmfortraditionalChinesecultureand37．increasingdemandforseasonalsightseeingtours.HuazhaoFestivalissaidtobecelebratedasthebirthdayoftheflowergoddess38．thesecondmonthontheChineselunarcalendar.Itsorigincan39．(trace)totheperiodbeforetheQinDynasty(221-206BC)andwas40．(official)setasafestivalduringtheSui(581-618)andTang(618-907)dynasties.DuringtheTangDynasty,thefestival,41．wasoneofthethreenationwidecelebrationsbackthen,fellonthe15thdayofthesecondlunarmonth.TheothertwowereLanternFestivalonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonthandMid-AutumnFestivalonthe15thdayofeighthlunarmonth.However,thetimingofthefestival42．(vary)betweenregions,becauseofthedifferencein43．floweringbegins.Asaresult,manypartsofthecountrytaketurns44．(launch)theircelebrationsasifpresentingafeastfortheeyesinrelay.Despitevarioushighlights,thisMarchthefestivecelebrationsacrossdifferentregionsspontaneouslysharedthefeaturesofhanfu—atraditionalChinesestyleofclothing-andflora（植物群）45．(appreciate).五、書面表達46．假定你是某國際學校學生會的負責人李華,最近學校發起了"陽光樂跑（SunshineFunRun）"打卡活動,你將在晨會上發言,號召全校同學參加。請就此寫一份發言稿,內容包括：

●活動目的：

●樂跑要求；

●發出倡議。

參考詞匯打卡：punchin注意：

●寫作詞數應為80左右；

●請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,47．閱讀下面材料,根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。ThelittlebirdpercheditselfonthetreebranchoutsideVanessa'sbedroomwindow.Ittrilled（啼囀）anenergeticsongasthefirstpaleyellowraysofsunshinepeekedoverthehorizon."Ohmygosh,whatisthatnoise?"shecomplainedtoherself,pullingherbedsheetsoverherheadinanattempttodrownoutthechirping.Itwasnouse,andsheknewit.Theloudtweetingsignaledthecomingoftheday.Toconfirmit,Vanessa'smomknockedtwiceonherdoor,andthencameinwithasmile."Timetogetup,Sleepyhead,"shewhispered."Theearlybirdcatchestheworm,youknow.""Ugh,"mumbledVanessaintoherpillow."Whatdoesthatevenmean?""It'sjustanexpression,Honey,"hermomreplied.ShegaveVanessaakissonthecheekandurgedhertogetoutofbed.Vanessarolledoverandsleptforafewmoreminutes.Vanessashuffledherwaydownstairsforbreakfast,ateslowly,andmissedherbus.Whenshefinallygottoschool,shehadmissedattendanceandhadtogetalatepass.Shemissedthefirstpartofmathclass,soshedidn'tunderstandthelessonandhadtogetextrahelp.Herteachergaveherextrahomeworktomakesuresheknewit.Thisdaywasnofun.Thenextmorning,Vanessawaswokenupbythesameloud,twitteringsong.Insteadofignoringit,todayVanessawalkedovertothewindowandopenedthecurtains.Softlightfilledtheroom."Well,hellothere,littlefellow,"shesaidwhenshesawtheprettybirdoutside,stillchirpinghappily.Itwasstartledbyhervoiceandflewdowntolandonthefreshdewofthemorninggrass.Asshewatched,thebirdcockeditshead,plungeditsbeakintothewetground,andpluckedoutawigglingwormforbreakfast.注意：●續寫詞數應為150左右；

●請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Paragraph1:"Hmm,"thoughtVanessa,"maybeIcantrybeinganearlybirdforonce."Paragraph2:

Vanessacouldn'thelphummingamerrytoneonherwayhome.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．B3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了一些英國海岸旅游目的地。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關內容并進行理解。1．考查細節理解。根據WhyweloveKent?部分中的"Relaxamongthecandy-colouredbeachhutsofBroadstairs,orbringthepastaliveinthesurroundsoftime-honoredDoverCastle,LeedsCastleorCanterburyCathedral."在Broadstairs的糖果色海灘小屋中放松，或者在歷史悠久的多佛城堡，利茲城堡或坎特伯雷大教堂周圍帶著過去的活力。可知，人們訪問肯特郡的原因是古建筑。故選D。2．考查細節理解。根據WhywelovetheJurassicCoast?部分中的"Over200millionyearsold,theJurassicCoast'sbeachesandrocksarestrewnwithancientfossilsandfootprints-yourstodiscoveronwalks,bikeridesandpicnics."侏羅紀海岸的海灘和巖石有超過2億年的歷史，到處都是古老的化石和腳印——你可以在散步、騎自行車和野餐時發現它們。可知，侏羅紀海岸會吸引那些對研究古代生物遺骸感興趣的人。故選B。3．考查推理判斷。根據本文標題"SomeTopCoastDestinationstoVisit"一些頂級海岸旅游目的地；以及第一段"Britainhasover18,000milesofcoastlinetoexplore:fromwhitesoftsandsandvibrantseasideresorts,towildnaturereservesfilledwithpuffins(海鸚),dolphinsandvariousthrills.Whereveryou'reheading,here'swheretosplash,surf,dive,swim-andperhapsevensunbathe-onBritain'sshores."英國有超過18000英里的海岸線可供探索:從白色柔軟的沙灘和充滿活力的海濱度假勝地，到滿是海雀、海豚和各種刺激的野生自然保護區。無論你要去哪里，這里都是在英國海岸上玩水花、沖浪、潛水、游泳——甚至曬日光浴的地方。可推知，文章選自旅行冊。故選A。【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了英國一家公司的最新設想，該公司是由倫敦帝國理工學院的五名工程專業畢業生創立的。該公司每個月給孩子們送一個精心設計的電子產品，鼓勵他們嘗試修理電子設備，并了解它們是如何工作的。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，要求考生在捕捉細節信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查推理判斷。根據第一段"Whentheparcelarrives,theremote-controlledcarinsideisbroken.Thatcouldeasilyresultinanunhappychild—butnotthistime."當包裹到達時，里面的遙控汽車壞了。這很容易導致一個不快樂的孩子——但這次不會；以及第二段中的"ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves."這個方案來自于一家英國初創公司，它希望讓英國的年輕人掌握一項瀕危的技能：在電子產品出故障時修理它們的能力。其目的是鼓勵10到14歲的孩子嘗試修理電子設備，并了解它們是如何工作的，方法是給他們送一些有缺陷的玩具，讓他們自己拆開修理。可知，第一段提到壞掉的遙控汽車，是為了引出最后一句"但這次不會"；而"但這次不會"則指的是第二段一家英國公司的方案。可推斷，第一段提到遙控汽車壞了，是為了引出文章的主題。故選A。5．考查細節理解。根據第二段中的"ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves."這個方案來自于一家英國初創公司，它希望讓英國的年輕人掌握一項瀕危的技能：在電子產品出故障時修理它們的能力。其目的是鼓勵10到14歲的孩子嘗試修理電子設備，并了解它們是如何工作的，方法是給他們送一些有缺陷的玩具，讓他們自己拆開修理。可知，這個方案的目的是希望孩子能夠學會在電子產品出故障時修理它們的能力。故選D。6．考查細節理解。根據最后一段中的"Theservice—currentlyinatestingphase—willcost￡28amonth,witheachkitdesignedtokeepachildoccupiedforseveralhours.Onceagadgethasbeenmended,youpostitbacksoitcanbebrokenagainforsomebodyelsetofix.Thereisalsoanapptoprovideinstructionsonhowtoperformtherepair,andalsominisciencelessons."這項服務目前還處于測試階段，每月費用為28英鎊，每個工具包的設計目的是讓一個孩子有幾個小時的時間。一旦一個小工具修好了，你就把它寄回去，這樣它就可以再次壞掉，讓別人來修理。還有一個應用程序可以提供如何進行維修的指導，以及小型科學課程。可知，如果孩子注冊參與這個項目，他們每個月會得到一個玩具，還有應用程序提供維修指導和小型科學課程。故選C。7．考查主旨大意。根據第二段中的"ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill:theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork,bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves."這個方案來自于一家英國初創公司，它希望讓英國的年輕人掌握一項瀕危的技能：在電子產品出故障時修理它們的能力。其目的是鼓勵10到14歲的孩子嘗試修理電子設備，并了解它們是如何工作的，方法是給他們送一些有缺陷的玩具，讓他們自己拆開修理；以及第四段"ItisestimatedthattwomilliontonnesofelectricalandelectronicitemsarethrownawayintheUKeachyear.‘Meanwhile,theUKhasaStem[science,technology,engineeringandmaths]skillsshortagecosting￡1.5billionayear,'McGuckiansaid.‘Wewantedtohelpsolvethosetwoproblems.''"據估計，英國每年有200萬噸的電器和電子產品被丟棄。"與此同時，英國的Stem(科學、技術、工程和數學)技能短缺每年耗資15億英鎊，"McGuckian說。"我們希望幫助解決這兩個問題。"可知，本文介紹了一家公司，該公司每個月給孩子們送一個精心設計的電子產品，鼓勵他們嘗試修理電子設備，并了解它們是如何工作的。公司的創辦者希望能夠通過這個項目，解決電子產品被丟棄以及技能短缺這兩個問題。"壞玩具為技能短缺提供了一個很好的解決方案"適合做文章的標題。故選D。【答案】8．B9．C10．A11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究發現生活在城市的知更鳥比它們在農村的表親更具攻擊性，并介紹了研究開展的過程以及發現。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細節理解。根據第二段中的"Whenarobinarrivesuninvitedonanotherbird'sterritory,theyadapttheirsongstowardtherivalaway,andadoptvisualdisplaysincludingswayingfromsidetosideandthreateninglybaringtheirredchestfeathers,beforeclosinginandevengoingontheattack."當一只知更鳥不請自來地來到另一只鳥的領地時，它們會調整自己的歌聲來趕走對手，并采取視覺表現，包括左右搖擺，威脅地露出紅色的胸毛，然后再靠近，甚至發動攻擊。可知，知更鳥是好勝的鳥。故選B。9．考查推理判斷。根據第四段"‘Innormallyquietsurroundings,wefoundthatadditionaltrafficnoiseleadstoruralrobinsbecomingmorephysicallyaggressive,forinstanceapproachingthemodelbirdmoreclosely,'saidDr?a?larAk?ay,thestudy'sleadauthor.Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds,theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless,suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto‘sitout'temporaryincreasesinnoise."該研究的主要作者?a?larAk?ay博士說："在通常安靜的環境中，我們發現額外的交通噪音會導致農村知更鳥變得更具攻擊性，例如更接近模型鳥。但是，當它們給城市里的鳥兒播放額外的交通噪音時，它們并沒有變得更有攻擊性——相反，它們的反應是更少地鳴叫，這表明它們可能已經學會了"不聽"暫時增加的噪音，可知，科學家們通過比較知更鳥的不同反應進行這項研究。故選C。10．考查細節理解。根據倒數第二段中的"Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds,theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless,suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto‘sitout'temporaryincreasesinnoise."但是，當它們給城市里的鳥兒播放額外的交通噪音時，它們并沒有變得更有攻擊性——相反，它們的反應是更少地鳴叫，這表明它們可能已經學會了"不聽"暫時增加的噪音。可知，當暴露在額外的交通噪音中，城市知更鳥唱歌不像平時那么頻繁。故選A。11．考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的"‘Thehighlevelsofnoisethatexistdayandnightinurbanhabitats,suchasfromtrafficorconstructionequipment,maypermanentlyinterferewiththeefficienttransmissionofacoustic(聲音的)signalsandthisislikelytobethekeyreasonwhyurbanrobinsaretypicallymoreaggressivethanruralbirds,'hesaid."他說："城市棲息地日夜存在的高水平噪音，比如來自交通或建筑設備的噪音，可能會永久干擾聲音信號的有效傳輸，這可能是城市知更鳥通常比農村鳥類更具攻擊性的關鍵原因。"可推知，Ak?ay對知更鳥的未來感到擔憂。故選D。【答案】12．C13．A14．B15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了19世紀偉大的法國后印象派畫家Cézanne（塞尚）及其作品的特色。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細節理解。根據第一段中的"Fornearlyaslong,thebanker'ssonfromAix-en-Provencehasbeencreditedwithlayingthegroundworkforthe20th-centuryavant-garde(前衛派思想).Butthecurators(負責人)ofthelargestCézanneexhibitionsince1997decidedthatmorecouldbelearnedaboutthegreatFrenchpost-impressionistsimplybylookingmorecloselyathispaintings."幾乎同樣長的時間里，這位來自普羅旺斯艾克斯的銀行家之子一直被認為是20世紀前衛藝術的奠基人。但是，自1997年以來規模最大的Cézanne展覽的策展人認為，只要更仔細地觀察這位偉大的法國后印象派畫家的畫作，就可以了解更多關于他的東西。可知，Cézanne是19世紀偉大的法國后印象派畫家。故選C。13．考查詞義猜測。根據第三段中的"Unlikeotherartists,Cézanneseems‘lessconcernedaboutwhatheisdepictingthanhowheisbuildingapicture,'saidKyleMacMillanintheChicagoSunTimes."《芝加哥太陽報》的KyleMacMillan說，與其他藝術家不同，Cézanne似乎"不太關心他在描繪什么，而更關心他是如何構建一幅畫的"；以及"theobjectslookliketheyareabouttoslideoffthetable"物體看起來就像要從桌子上滑下來一樣。可知，之前透視的標準規則被摒棄了，物體看起來就像要從桌子上滑下來一樣。劃線詞overthrown意思是"摒棄、拋棄"，故選A。14．考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的"ClaudeMonet,PabloPicasso,andHenriMatisseallownedCézannes,andJasperJohnshasloanedtheshowoneofCézanne'sdrawingsoffemalebathers,afavoritesubjectoftheearlierartistthatisshowcasedinthisexhibition'sfinalroom."ClaudeMonet、PabloPicasso和HenriMatisse都擁有Cézanne的作品，JasperJohns把Cézanne的一幅女性游泳者的畫作借給了這次展覽，這是這位早期藝術家最喜歡的主題，將在本次展覽的最后一個展廳展出。可推知，Cézanne的作品受到許多同行藝術家的喜愛。故選B。15．考查主旨大意。根據第二段"Ofthe80oilpaintingsinthisshow,whichwilllatertraveltoLondon'sTateModern,eighthavebeensubjectedtoinfraredX-rayandotherimagingtechnologiestodeterminehowhemadeeachmark.Thecurators'conclusion:WhatmadeCézanneapioneerandenduringinspirationisthatineverylandscape,stilllife,portrait,andfigurepainting,hewastryingtocommunicateemotionwitheverybrushstroke,buildingeachimagesensationbysensation."這次展覽展出的80幅油畫將在倫敦泰特現代美術館展出，其中有8幅油畫經過紅外x射線和其他成像技術的檢測，以確定他是如何做出每一個標記的。策展人的結論是：Cézanne之所以能成為先驅和持久的靈感，是因為在每一幅風景畫、靜物畫、肖像畫和人物畫中，他都試圖用每一筆來傳達情感，用每一種感覺來構建每一種圖像感覺。結合文章主要介紹了19世紀偉大的法國后印象派畫家Cézanne及其作品的特色，可知，本文介紹了Cézanne的作品。故選A。【答案】16．B；17．E；18．G；19．C；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了水的性能和功能。

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇科普類閱讀，要求在理解細節信息的基礎上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據空前"Manyofusarefindingourselvesexhausted,burnedout,strugglingtobuildbalancebackintoourlives."我們中的許多人都發現自己筋疲力盡，精疲力竭，掙扎著在生活中重新建立平衡。可知，我們需要恢復精力。B.Weneedtorechargeandwatercanhelp."我們需要重新充電，水可以幫助我們。"承接上文，符合語境，故選B。17．根據空前"Partic