高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1天津市河?xùn)|區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語試題Ι.聽力理解(略)Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)選擇(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.—Howistheschoolgoing,Mike?—Oh,.A.goahead B.goodluck C.allright D.nevermind【答案】C【詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：——學(xué)校怎么樣，Mike？——哦，一切都好。A.goahead前進(jìn)，繼續(xù)；B.goodluck祝好運(yùn)；C.allright好的，可以的；D.nevermind不要緊，別擔(dān)心。由句意可知，提問者詢問Mike在學(xué)校的近況，C選項(xiàng)符合語境，可以用于回答近況。故選C項(xiàng)。2.Onceyou’vedecidedtotravel,thenyou’dbetterplanyour__________inadvancetoavoidtrouble.A.treatment B.amount C.documentary D.route【答案】D【詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦你決定去旅行，你最好提前計劃好你的路線，以避免麻煩。A.treatment治療，對待；B.amount數(shù)量；C.documentary紀(jì)錄片；D.route路線。根據(jù)“Onceyou’vedecidedtotravel”可知，提前計劃好旅行路線可以避免麻煩，空格處意為“路線”，用route。故選D。3.totallydifferenttoday,Lucyiswearinganexpression.A.Looking;exciting B.Looking;excited C.Looked;excited D.Looked;exciting【答案】B【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：Lucy今天看起來完全不一樣，她很激動。根據(jù)句子分析可知，空1：此處作狀語，主語為Lucy，與look之間為主動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞looking作狀語；空2：此處作定語，修飾expression“表情”，故應(yīng)用形容詞excited修飾人的聲音或表情。故選B。4.AnneisfondofTim,thoughheoftenher.A.annoys B.damages C.overcomes D.obtains【答案】A【詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Anne喜歡Tim，盡管他經(jīng)常讓她生氣。A.annoys使某人生氣；B.damages傷害；C.overcomes克服；D.obtains獲得。根據(jù)前文的轉(zhuǎn)折though，此處意為“雖喜歡他，但他卻總是讓她生個氣”，故應(yīng)用動詞annoys，故選A。5.Whenshearrivedhomeshefoundeverythingintheroomwas,whichalmostdrovehercrazy.A.inbrief B.inparticular C.inamess D.infear【答案】C【詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)她到家時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)房間里的一切都亂七八糟，這幾乎把她逼瘋了。A.inbrief簡言之；B.inparticular尤其；C.inamess亂七八糟；D.infear害怕地。根據(jù)“whichalmostdrovehercrazy”可知，她發(fā)現(xiàn)房間里的一切都亂七八糟，空格處意為“亂七八糟”，用inamess。故選C。6.Parentsshouldlearntokeeptheirchildrenmostoftentheirminds.A.using B.touse C.used D.use【答案】A【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：父母應(yīng)學(xué)會讓孩子最常使用他們的頭腦。固定用法“keep+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）”，表示“使某人持續(xù)做某事”，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故選A項(xiàng)。7.Asastudent,losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettytosomeextent.A.chief B.scary C.absorbed D.original【答案】B【詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名學(xué)生，失去思考和記憶的能力在某種程度上是相當(dāng)可怕的。A.chief主要的；B.scary可怕的；C.absorbed全神貫注的；D.original最初的。根據(jù)“l(fā)osingyourabilitytothinkandremember”可知，失去思考和記憶能力是可怕的。故選B項(xiàng)。8.Istoodbythedoor,tosayaword.A.nottodare B.daringnot C.notdaring D.darednot【答案】C【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我站在門邊，不敢說一句話。dare作實(shí)義動詞的固定搭配為daretodosth，表示“敢于做某事”；作情態(tài)動詞時后面直接加動詞原形，多用于否定句、疑問句和條件句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意，空白處應(yīng)填寫非謂語動詞，因此應(yīng)使用實(shí)義動詞dare，其邏輯主語為I，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式表示主動關(guān)系；not應(yīng)放在非謂語動詞前表示否定。故選C項(xiàng)。9.Somethingshouldbeimprovedsothatwecancarryoutthenextstepsmoothly.A.definitely B.fortunately C.generously D.suddenly【答案】A【詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：肯定有一些事情需要改進(jìn)，以便我們能夠順利地開展下一步工作。A.definitely肯定地；B.fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C.generously慷慨地；D.suddenly突然地。根據(jù)句意和sothatwecancarryoutthenextstepsmoothly可知，這里指有些事情肯定需要改進(jìn)，才會讓接下來的工作變得更順利。故選A項(xiàng)。10.Yoursuggestionhasgreatlyhissuccessinwork.A.turnedoff B.cutoff C.turnedto D.contributedto【答案】D【詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：你的建議極大地促成了他工作上的成功。A.turnedoff關(guān)掉；B.cutoff切斷；C.turnedto求助于；D.contributedto有助于，促成。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“建議促成了他的成功”，故應(yīng)用動詞短語contributeto，故選D。11.Ihavetogetallthelettersbeforenoon.A.mailed B.mail C.tomail D.mailing【答案】A【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我必須在中午前將所有的信寄出去。此處作賓補(bǔ)，賓語為alltheletters，與賓補(bǔ)mail之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，為“getsth.done使某事被做”結(jié)構(gòu)，故選A。12.Wearesuretodotheworkbetterifmoretimeandmoney.A.giving B.give C.aregiven D.given【答案】D【詳析】考查省略句。句意：如果有更多的時間和金錢，我們肯定能將工作做得更好。此處為if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，從句意為“如果我們被給予更多的時間和金錢”，表達(dá)為ifwearegivenmoretimeandmoney，主句的主語為we，從句的主語也是we，且從句中的謂語動詞含有be動詞，故if引導(dǎo)的從句可以省略“主語+be動詞”，故省略為ifgivenmoretimeandmoney，故選D。13.Thehunter,byhiswolfdog,walkedslowlyintheforest.A.following B.followed C.wasfollowed D.follow【答案】B【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：獵人帶著他的狼狗在森林里慢慢地走著。此處hunter與follow構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語，故選B。14.Anyonetojointhisclubshouldsignhere.A.wishes B.wishing C.whowish D.wish【答案】B【詳析】考查謂語動詞形式辨析。句意：任何希望加入這個俱樂部的人都應(yīng)該在這里簽字。分析句意可知，空格處動詞wish“希望”應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語修飾主語anyone“任何人”，與其構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)C構(gòu)成定語從句，語法上正確，但是因先行詞anyone為單數(shù)概念，wish應(yīng)該使用第三人稱單數(shù)，故排除。故選B項(xiàng)。15.—Let’sgooutingthisweekend.—.I’llpickyouuponSaturdaymorning.A.It’sadeal B.Uptoyou C.Noway D.Forgetit【答案】A【詳析】考查情景交際。句意：——咱們這個周末去郊游吧?！瓦@么說定了。我周六早上來接你。A.It’sadeal成交；就這么說定了；B.Uptoyou由你決定；取決于你；C.Noway沒門；不可能；D.Forgetit算了；別再提了；不必在意。根據(jù)“I’llpickyouuponSaturdaymorning.”可知，說話者同意了郊游的提議，并給出了具體的行動安排，所以選項(xiàng)A“就這么定了”最符合語境。故選A。Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Teenscanhelpsolvesomebigproblemsinourworld.RenéeHaggertyisa(n)____16____.The13-year-oldAmericangirlwontheGloriaBarronPrizethismonthforhertwoyearsofhardworkcollecting____17____thathadbeenthrownawayandrecyclingthem.In2003HaggertywentonafieldtriptotheGreatLakesScienceCenterinOhio.There,shesawanexhibitabouthowpoisonouschemicalswere____18____plantsandanimalsinLakeErie.Shefeltshehadto____19____.“Thenumberoffishthatweredying____20____me,”shesaid.Haggertylearntthatbatteriesthrownaway____21____poisonsintotheenvironmentandthatrecyclingwasagood____22____.“Ithinkeverybodycandoit,____23____everyoneusesbatteries,anditcanmakeabig____24____.”Withthesewords,shebeganacampaigntoincrease____25____inherarea.Shetalkedtohercountygovernmentandschoolboard.Shegot____26____tostartarecyclingprograminschools____27____thepubliclibrary,hospital,andchurches.With____28____fromherfamily,friends,andlocalwaste-managementofficials,shegatheredcontainers,arrangedtransportation,andmadeaneducationalvideo.Overthepasttwoyears,fourtonsofbatterieshavebeen____29____.Theyaresentforrecyclingontheannualdangerouswastecollectionday.Whenaskedifshe____30____likeaherobecauseofherwork,Haggertyisquite____31____.“Notreally.Well,maybeforthefishI____32____!”shesaid.EveryyeartheGloriaBarronPrize____33____youngAmericansaged8to18whohaveshownleadershipandcouragein____34____thepublicandtheplanet.NationalGeographichelpsfund(資助)theaward.Eachyear10winners____35____US$2,000each,tohelpwiththeireducationcostsortheirpublicservicework.16.A.exception、 B.example C.founder D.wonder17.A.bottles B.chemicals C.batteries D.cans18.A.interrupting B.reducing C.protecting D.affecting19.A.leave B.refuse C.study D.act20.A.interested B.excited C.scared D.disappointed21.A.takeoff B.giveoff C.putup D.giveup22.A.lifestyle B.habit C.suggestion D.solution23.A.but B.because C.so D.though24.A.problem B.decision C.influence D.difference25.A.fame B.awareness C.prices D.taxes26.A.explanation B.permission C.admission D.knowledge27.A.aswellas B.becauseof C.ratherthan D.insteadof28.A.help B.stress C.hope D.faith29.A.bought B.used C.collected D.produced30.A.tastes B.sounds C.feels D.looks31.A.modest B.curious C.relaxed D.terrified32.A.cleaned B.kept C.caught D.saved33.A.gathers B.honors C.donates D.greets34.A.serving B.trusting C.combining D.offering35.A.receive B.donate C.spend D.raise【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.D20.C21.B22.D23.B24.D25.B26.B27.A28.A29.C30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.A【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了13歲的美國女孩RenéeHaggerty通過兩年的努力，收集并回收被丟棄的電池，為環(huán)保做出貢獻(xiàn)，并因此獲得GloriaBarron獎的故事?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：RenéeHaggerty是一個例子。A.exception例外；B.example例子；C.founder創(chuàng)始人；D.wonder奇跡。根據(jù)后文“The13-year-oldAmericangirlwontheGloriaBarronPrizethismonthforhertwoyearsofhardworkcollecting

thathadbeenthrownawayandrecyclingthem”可知，這個13歲的美國女孩RenéeHaggerty通過兩年的努力，收集并回收被丟棄的電池，因此她是青少年能解決世界問題的一個榜樣例子，故選B?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。這位13歲的美國女孩因兩年的努力收集被丟棄的電池并回收它們，本月獲得了GloriaBarron獎。A.bottles瓶子；B.chemicals化學(xué)品；C.batteries電池；D.cans罐子。根據(jù)后文的詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)“Haggertylearntthatbatteriesthrownaway??

poisonsintotheenvironmentandthatrecyclingwasagood”可知，此處指她收集被丟棄的電池，故選C。【18題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，她看到一個展覽，展示了有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)如何影響密歇根湖中的植物和動物。A.interrupting打斷；B.reducing減少；C.protecting保護(hù)；D.affecting影響。根據(jù)空前“poisonouschemicals”可知，有毒的化學(xué)物質(zhì)會破壞湖里的植物和動物，故此處指有毒的化學(xué)物質(zhì)如何影響密歇根湖中的植物和動物，故選D?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她覺得她必須采取行動。A.leave離開；B.refuse拒絕；C.study學(xué)習(xí)；D.act行動。根據(jù)后文“shebeganacampaigntoincrease

??inherarea”可知，她開始發(fā)起活動來提高當(dāng)?shù)厝说囊庾R，故此處指她認(rèn)為自己必須采取行動，故選D。【20題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：死亡的魚的數(shù)量讓我感到害怕。A.interested感興趣的；B.excited興奮的；C.scared害怕的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)前文“There,shesawanexhibitabouthowpoisonouschemicalswere??

plantsandanimalsinLakeErie.”可知，RenéeHaggerty看到有毒的化學(xué)物質(zhì)正影響著植物和動物，因此死亡的魚的數(shù)量讓她感到害怕，故選C。【21題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：Haggerty了解到被丟棄的電池釋放毒藥到環(huán)境中，回收是一個好的解決方法。A.takeoff脫下；B.giveoff釋放，散發(fā)出；C.putup張貼；D.giveup放棄。根據(jù)空后“poisonsintotheenvironment”可知，此處指被丟棄的電池釋放有害的毒藥到自然環(huán)境中，故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.lifestyle生活方式；B.habit習(xí)慣；C.suggestion建議；D.solution解決方案。根據(jù)后文“Shegot??

tostartarecyclingprograminschools”可知，她在學(xué)校發(fā)起了回收項(xiàng)目，因此她了解到回收是一個好的解決方法，故選D。【23題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為每個人都可以做到，因?yàn)槊總€人都使用電池，而且它能產(chǎn)生很大的影響。A.but但是；B.because因?yàn)椋籆.so所以；D.though盡管。根據(jù)空前“Ithinkeverybodycandoit”和空后“everyoneusesbatteries”可知，可知，空后是空前的原因，故此處應(yīng)用because說明原因，故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.problem問題；B.decision決定；C.influence影響；D.difference改變。根據(jù)前文“Haggertylearntthatbatteriesthrownaway??

poisonsintotheenvironmentandthatrecyclingwasagood”可知，因?yàn)槊總€人都是用電池，因此回收電池能帶來很大的影響，makeabigdifference意為“產(chǎn)生很大的影響”，故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帶著這些話，她希望通過運(yùn)動提高當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)保意識。A.fame名聲；B.awareness意識；C.prices價格；D.taxes稅收。根據(jù)前文“Ithinkeverybodycandoit”可知，她認(rèn)為每個人都能做到回收電池，因此她希望通過這些運(yùn)動來提到當(dāng)?shù)厝说囊庾R，故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她得到了許可，在學(xué)校、公共圖書館、醫(yī)院和教堂開展回收項(xiàng)目。A.explanation解釋；B.permission許可；C.admission承認(rèn)；D.knowledge知識。根據(jù)后文“tostartarecyclingprograminschools

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thepubliclibrary,hospital,andchurches.”可知，她在學(xué)校、公共圖書館、醫(yī)院和教堂這些地方開展項(xiàng)目是需要得到許可的，故選B?！?7題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.aswellas也，還；B.becauseof因?yàn)椋籆.ratherthan而不是；D.insteadof代替。根據(jù)空前“schools”和空后“thepubliclibrary,hospital,andchurches”可知，學(xué)校、公共圖書館、醫(yī)院和教堂都是開展項(xiàng)目的場所，因此用連詞aswellas表并列，故選A?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她家人、朋友和當(dāng)?shù)貜U物管理官員的幫助下，她收集了容器，安排了運(yùn)輸，并制作了教育視頻。A.help幫助；B.stress壓力；C.hope希望；D.faith信念。根據(jù)空后“shegatheredcontainers,arrangedtransportation,andmadeaneducationalvideo”可知，她自己獨(dú)自做這些事情太困難了，因此是在家人、朋友和當(dāng)?shù)貜U物管理員的幫助下，故選A。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：過去兩年里，已經(jīng)收集了四噸電池。A.bought購買；B.used使用；C.collected收集；D.produced生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)后文“Theyaresentforrecyclingontheannualdangerouswastecollectionday.”可知，電池被送去回收，因此四噸電池被收集起來拿去回收，故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)被問及她是否因工作而感覺像英雄時，Haggerty感到相當(dāng)謙虛。A.tastes嘗起來；B.sounds聽起來；C.feels感覺；D.looks看起來。根據(jù)空后“l(fā)ikeahero”可知，此處意為感覺自己像英雄，feellike意為“感覺像”，故選C?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.modest謙虛的；B.curious好奇的；C.relaxed放松的；D.terrified害怕的。根據(jù)后文她的回答““Notreally.Well,maybeforthefishI??!”shesaid.”可知，她的回答很謙虛，故選A。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她說：“不完全是。也許對我救的魚來說是的”。A.cleaned清理；B.kept保持；C.caught捕捉；D.saved拯救。根據(jù)前文“Shetalkedtohercountygovernmentandschoolboard.Shegot??

tostartarecyclingprograminschools

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thepubliclibrary,hospital,andchurches.”可知，她發(fā)起了回收活動，從而拯救了湖里的動物和植物，因此此處指她救的魚，故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：GloriaBarron獎每年表彰8到18歲的年輕人，他們在服務(wù)公眾和地球方面展現(xiàn)了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和勇氣。A.gathers聚集；B.honors表彰；C.donates捐贈；D.greets問候。根據(jù)空后“youngAmericansaged8to18whohaveshownleadershipandcourage”可知，GloriaBarron獎是表彰那寫有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力和勇氣的人，故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.serving服務(wù)；B.trusting信任；C.combining結(jié)合；D.offering提供。根據(jù)前文“The13-year-oldAmericangirlwontheGloriaBarronPrizethismonthforhertwoyearsofhardworkcollecting

thathadbeenthrownawayandrecyclingthem.”可知，GloriaBarron獎是表彰對公眾和地球有積極影響的人，因此此處為服務(wù)公眾和地球，故選A。【35題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每年10個獲獎?wù)呤盏?000美元，來幫助他們的教育費(fèi)用和他們的公共服務(wù)工作。A.receive收到；B.donate捐贈；C.spend花費(fèi)；D.raise籌集。根據(jù)后文“tohelpwiththeireducationcostsortheirpublicservicework.”可知，這些錢是用于幫助他們的教育費(fèi)用和公共服務(wù)工作，因此此處指這些獲獎?wù)呙磕晔盏?000美元，故選A。Ⅳ.閱讀理解(共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIsourplanetheatingup?Arehumanbeingstoblameforclimatechange?Thesequestionshaveburstintonewspapers,TVprogrammes,filmsandpopularbooks.Thediscussiononthissubjecthasbeenheated.butwhatarescientistsactuallysaying?AtReader'sDigest,wedecidedtofindout.Hastheplaneteverbeenthiswarmbefore?Yes.ithas,andevenwarmer.Greenlandwasforestedbetween450,000and800,000yearsago,sotemperatureswereconsiderablywarmerthen.Therehavealsobeenothertimesofrelativelyhightemperatures.Sowhydoestheconcernexist?It'sallaboutthespeedatwhichtemperaturesarechanging.Inthepast,temperaturesmovedupordowngradually.Butinthe20thand21stcenturies,especiallysince1976,temperatureshaveprobablyrisenmorequicklythanduringanycenturyinthepast1,000years.WarmingmaybringimprovedcropproductionandotherbenefitstonortherncountriessuchasCanadaorRussia.However,manyspeciesmaynotadapttoconditions,andtheonesthatareabletomaycauseaproblem.Mosquitoeshavebeenmovingnorthwardstohigherplaces.TheWestNilevirus(病毒),firstseeninNorthAmericanineyearsago,infected(傳染)about4,000peopleintheUSin2006.Themountainpinebeetle,whichisactiveduringwarmerwinters,hasalreadydestroyedabout13millionhectaresofCanada'sforests,worthanestimated$6.4billion.Whatiscausingthewarming?TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)hasconcludedthathumanactivityisverylikelyresponsible,byincreasingtheconcentrationsofgreenhousegasesandthusthegreenhouseeffect.Morethan25scientificsocieties,includingthoseintheG8nations,haveendorsedtheconclusion.Somescientists,however,stilldisagree,arguingthatthehumancontributionisnothing.36.Whentheplanetisheatingup,whichofthefollowingcanmostlikelybenefitfromit?A.Forests. B.Animals. C.Agriculture. D.Industry.37.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinthepast.A.temperaturesremainedthesameforalongtimeB.moreandmoreanimalsdiedofthecoldweatherC.cropscouldn'tgrowincoldcountrieslikeRussiaD.themountainpinebeetlecausedlessdamagetoforests38.Theunderlinedword“endorsed”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans.A.challenged B.supported C.discussed D.refused【答案】36.C37.D38.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要探討了全球變暖的相關(guān)科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)，包括地球歷史上的溫度變化、當(dāng)前變暖速度的影響以及人類活動對氣候變暖的作用?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“WarmingmaybringimprovedcropproductionandotherbenefitstonortherncountriessuchasCanadaorRussia.(全球變暖可能會帶來農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量的提升，以及給北部國家如加拿大和俄羅斯帶來其他好處。)”可知，當(dāng)?shù)厍驕囟茸兣r(nóng)業(yè)可能會受益，故選C。【37題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inthepast,temperaturesmovedupordowngradually.Butinthe20thand21stcenturies,especiallysince1976,temperatureshaveprobablyrisenmorequicklythanduringanycenturyinthepast1,000years.(在過去，氣溫逐漸上升或下降。但在20世紀(jì)和21世紀(jì)，尤其是1976年以來，氣溫上升的速度可能比過去1000年里的任何一個世紀(jì)都要快。)”和“Themountainpinebeetle,whichisactiveduringwarmerwinters,hasalreadydestroyedabout13millionhectaresofCanada'sforests,worthanestimated$6.4billion.(山松甲蟲在溫暖的冬天和活躍，已經(jīng)破壞了加拿大大約1300萬公頃的森林，價值約64億美元。)”可推知，山松甲蟲在氣溫上升速度快的現(xiàn)在，對森林造成了極大的破壞，因此在過去，溫度上升緩慢時，對森林造成的破壞較小，故選D?！?8題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文的轉(zhuǎn)折內(nèi)容“Somescientists,however,stilldisagree,arguingthatthehumancontributionisnothing.(然而，一些科學(xué)家仍然不同意此觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為人類的作用微不足道。)”可知，此句與后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故此處劃線詞與B項(xiàng)“supported(支持，同意)”意思相近，包括八國集團(tuán)在內(nèi)的超過25個科學(xué)協(xié)會已經(jīng)同意了這一結(jié)論，然而一些科學(xué)家仍然不同意，故選B。BYoumayhaveheardofthebookMobyDick(《白鯨記》),writtenbytheAmericanauthorHermanMelville.YoumayalsoknowthatMobyDickisconsideredoneofthegreatestnovelseverwritten.However,itmightsurpriseyoutofindoutthatHermanMelvillewasnotalwaysahighlyregardedauthor.Melville’sfirsttwonovels,TypeeandOmoo,werewidelyreadandfinanciallysuccessful.Theywerebothexcitingtalesofadventuresatseaandexperienceswithpeopleinforeignlands.Melvillebecamequitefamous.However,uponthepublicationofhisthirdbook,Mardi,Melville’spopularitybegantoweaken.Hewasnolongerinterestedintellingtalesofpureadventure,andhiswritingtookonastylethatalienated(使疏遠(yuǎn))thegeneralreadingpublicofhistime.MelvillepublishedMobyDickinOctoberof1851.Itwasanoriginalnovel,combiningaspectsofsociologyandphilosophy,whichconfusedreadersbyitscomplexsymbolism.Thebooksoldpoorly.Melville’snextbook,Pierre,wasalmostcompletelydisregardedbythepublic.Debt,frustration,andillhealthfinallyforcedMelvilletotakealow-payingjobasacustomsinspector.Eventually,Melvilleabandonedprose(散文)andbegantowritepoetry.TheCivilWaristhemainsubjectofMelville’spoetry.Heandhisbrothermadeatriptothefrontline,andhepublishedabookofpoems,Battle-PiecesandAspectsoftheWar,basedonthisexperience.Melvillediedin1891attheageofseventy-two.Atthispoint,hisworkhadbeencompletelyforgottenbythepublic.Histalentwastogounrecognizedforthenextthirtyyears.Then,inthe1920s,hisreputationbegantoimproveascriticsandreadersrediscoveredhiswork.TodayMobyDickisoneofthebest-knownnovelseverpennedbyanAmericanauthor.39.WhydidMelville’spopularitybecomeweak?A.Hechangedhiswritingstyles.B.Hedidn’thavemuchmoney.C.Noonepublishedhisbooks.D.Readersturnedforbetterworks.40.WecanlearnfromthetextthatMobyDick________.A.soldalittlebetterthanPierreB.wasMelville’sfavoritenovelC.wascopiedfromotherbooksD.madeMelvillepopularagain41.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThemainworksofMelville.B.TheskillsinMelville’swriting.C.TheupsanddownsofMelville.D.ThereasonforMelville’sfailure.【答案】39.A40.A41.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了著名小說《白鯨記》的作者HermanMelville作為作家和詩人的一生?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后兩句“However,uponthepublicationofhisthirdbook,Mardi,Melville’spopularitybegantoweaken.Hewasnolongerinterestedintellingtalesofpureadventure,andhiswritingtookonastylethatalienatedthegeneralreadingpublicofhistime.(然而，在他的第三部作品《瑪?shù)稀烦霭嬷?，梅爾維爾的受歡迎程度開始下降。他不再熱衷于講述純粹的冒險故事，其作品風(fēng)格變得讓當(dāng)時的一般讀者難以接受)”可知，Melville受歡迎度下降是由于他轉(zhuǎn)換了自己的寫作風(fēng)格，疏遠(yuǎn)了當(dāng)時的一般讀者。故選A項(xiàng)。【40題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章的第三段“Thebooksoldpoorly.(這本書（白鯨記）賣的不好)”和第四段“Melville’snextbook,Pierre,wasalmostcompletelydisregardedbythepublic.(Melville的下一本書《皮埃爾》幾乎沒有得到公眾的認(rèn)可)”可知，相較于Pierre，MobyDick要賣的稍微好一點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。本文屬于人物傳記，主要介紹了美國著名作家HermanMelville所寫的幾本小說。他的前兩本小說《泰比》和《奧姆》很受歡迎，但接下來的《白鯨記》和《皮埃爾》不受歡迎，于是Melville決定轉(zhuǎn)去寫詩歌。但在他去世后，他的作品《白鯨記》卻受到了人們的追捧。所以本篇文章主要講述的是作家Melville跌宕起伏的人生。故選C項(xiàng)。CAdultswhohadclosecontactwithnaturalspacesduringtheirchildhoodcouldhaveabettermentalhealththanthosewhohadlesscontact,accordingtoanewstudybytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth(ISGlobal).Theall-adultstudygave3,600participantsaquestionnaire(問卷)onhowfrequentlytheyusednaturalspacesduringchildhood—forexample,playinginagarden,ridingabikeattheparkorhikinginaforest.Theywerealsoaskedabouttheimportancetheyputonusingsuchplaces.Volunteerswerethengivenapsychological(心理的)test,whichincludedavarietyofquestionnairesandproblem-solvingactivities,toanalyzetheirnervousnessandfeelingsofdepressionwithinafour-weekperiod.Theresultsconsistentlyshowedthatthepeoplewhoweremoreexposed(暴露的)tonaturalspaceshadhighermentalhealthscorescomparedtothosewithlowerchildhoodexposure——asdidthosewhoattachedhigherimportancetousinggreenspaces.Thestudy'scoordinator(協(xié)調(diào)員),WilmaZijlema,wrotethattheresults“showtheimportanceofchildhoodexposuretonaturalspacesforthedevelopmentofanature-appreciatingattitudeandahealthypsychologicalstateinadulthood".Shealsostressedtheimportanceof“recognizingtheimplications(含義)ofgrowingupinenvironmentswithlimitedopportunitiesforexposuretonature”.Accordingtothestudy,73percentofEurope'spopulationonlyhaslimitedaccesstonaturalspaces.MarkNieuwenhuijsensaidthat“ManychildreninEuropeleadanindoorslifestyle,soitwouldbedesirabletomakenaturaloutdoorenvironmentsavailable,attractiveandsafeforthemtoplayin.Wemakeacallonpolicymakerstoimprovetheavailabilityofnaturalspacesforchildrenandgreenschoolyards.”WhilethisstudywasbasedinEurope,alackofgreenspacecanaffectanyone,anywhere.Soremembertomaketimetoimmerseyourselfinnature,asyourmentalhealthisjustasimportantasthephysicalone.42.WhatwasthepurposeoftheISGlobal'sstudy?A.Toexaminetheadvantagesoftakingawalk.B.Toseehowchildhoodexperiencesshapeadultlife.C.Tounderstandthementalhealthproblemsofchildren.D.Tostudytheinfluenceofchildhoodexposuretonaturalspaces.43.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?A.Theparticipantswerefromallovertheworld.B.Theparticipantsincludedbothchildrenandadults.C.Itfocusedontheparticipants'physicalhealthstate.D.Itconsistedofaquestionnaireandapsychologicaltest.44.WhatdoParagraphs5-6mainlytalkabout?A.Thevalueofthestudy.B.Themethodofthestudy.C.Theprocessofthestudy.D.Thedifficultiesofthestudy.45.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.BenefitsofGreenSpacesB.ValuesofPsychologicalTestsC.ImportanceofPhysicalHealthD.ProblemsofEurope'sPopulation【答案】42.D43.D44.A45.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過一項(xiàng)大規(guī)模的研究，揭示了童年時期接觸自然空間對成年人心理健康的積極影響，并呼吁政策制定者采取措施，改善兒童接觸自然空間的機(jī)會?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Adultswhohadclosecontactwithnaturalspacesduringtheirchildhoodcouldhaveabettermentalhealththanthosewhohadlesscontact,accordingtoanewstudybytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth(ISGlobal).(根據(jù)巴塞羅那全球健康研究所的一項(xiàng)新研究，童年時期與自然空間有密切接觸的成年人可能比接觸較少的人擁有更好的心理健康。)”可知，研究的目的是研究童年時期接觸自然空間的影響。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Theall-adultstudygave3,600participantsaquestionnaire(問卷)onhowfrequentlytheyusednaturalspacesduringchildhood—forexample,playinginagarden,ridingabikeattheparkorhikinginaforest.Theywerealsoaskedabouttheimportancetheyputonusingsuchplaces.(這項(xiàng)全是成年人的研究向3600名參與者提供了一份調(diào)查問卷，詢問他們在童年時期使用自然空間的頻率——例如，在花園里玩耍、在公園騎自行車或在森林里徒步旅行。他們還被問及使用這些地方的重要性。)”和第三段的內(nèi)容“Volunteerswerethengivenapsychological(心理的)test,whichincludedavarietyofquestionnairesandproblem-solvingactivities,toanalyzetheirnervousnessandfeelingsofdepressionwithinafour-weekperiod.(然后，志愿者們接受了一項(xiàng)心理測試，其中包括各種問卷調(diào)查和解決問題的活動，以分析他們在四周內(nèi)的緊張情緒和抑郁情緒。)”可知，研究包括了問卷和心理測試。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容“Thestudy’scoordinator(協(xié)調(diào)員),WilmaZijlema,wrotethattheresults“showtheimportanceofchildhoodexposuretonaturalspacesforthedevelopmentofanature-appreciatingattitudeandahealthypsychologicalstateinadulthood".Shealsostressedtheimportanceof“recognizingtheimplications(含義)ofgrowingupinenvironmentswithlimitedopportunitiesforexposuretonature”.(該研究的協(xié)調(diào)人WilmaZijlema寫道，研究結(jié)果“顯示了童年接觸自然空間對成年后培養(yǎng)欣賞自然的態(tài)度和健康的心理狀態(tài)的重要性”。她還強(qiáng)調(diào)了“認(rèn)識到在接觸自然機(jī)會有限的環(huán)境中成長的影響”的重要性。)”和第六段的內(nèi)容“Accordingtothestudy,73percentofEurope’spopulationonlyhaslimitedaccesstonaturalspaces.MarkNieuwenhuijsensaidthat“ManychildreninEuropeleadanindoorslifestyle,soitwouldbedesirabletomakenaturaloutdoorenvironmentsavailable,attractiveandsafeforthemtoplayin.Wemakeacallonpolicymakerstoimprovetheavailabilityofnaturalspacesforchildrenandgreenschoolyards.”(根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，73%的歐洲人口只有有限的自然空間。MarkNieuwenhuijsen說：“歐洲的許多孩子都過著室內(nèi)生活，所以最好能給他們提供一個自然的、有吸引力的、安全的戶外環(huán)境?！蔽覀兒粲跽咧贫ㄕ吒纳苾和匀豢臻g和綠色校園的可用性?！?”可知，第五段和第六段主要討論了研究結(jié)果的意義和研究協(xié)調(diào)員WilmaZijlema的觀點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了童年時期接觸自然空間的重要性以及對政策制定者的呼吁。因此，這兩段主要討論了研究的價值。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，特別是第一段“Adultswhohadclosecontactwithnaturalspacesduringtheirchildhoodcouldhaveabettermentalhealththanthosewhohadlesscontact,accordingtoanewstudybytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth(ISGlobal).(根據(jù)巴塞羅那全球健康研究所的一項(xiàng)新研究，童年時期與自然空間有密切接觸的成年人可能比接觸較少的人擁有更好的心理健康。)”可知，文章主要探討了童年時期接觸自然空間對成年人心理健康的積極影響，并呼吁政策制定者改善兒童接觸自然空間的機(jī)會。因此，用A項(xiàng)“BenefitsofGreenSpaces(綠色空間的好處)”作為本文的題目，與文章主題相符合。故選A項(xiàng)。V.閱讀表達(dá)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀短文，并根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。LouGehrigwasoneofbaseball’sgreatestplayers.Hisparentsdidn’twanthimtomakeacareerofbaseball.Theythoughtitwasawasteoftime,buthelovedthegame.Hewasonhishighschoolbaseballteam.A-talentscout(物色運(yùn)動員的人)sawhimandofferedhimasportsscholarshipincollege.Thefamilydidn’thavemuchmoneybecausehisfatherwasill.Hismotherwasacookatthecollege,andLouwaitedontablestohelppayhisway.HestartedplayingfortheNewYorkYankeesin1923.Hisparentsscrapedtogether$14forhimtomakethetriptospringtrainingcampinNewOrleans.Whenhegotthere,hestartedlookingforajob,buttheteampaidhimsomemoneyinadvance.Hewasabletoconcentrateonpracticingandimprovinghisskills.Heimprovedsomuchthattwodifferenttimes,hewasnamedAmericanLeagueMostValuablePlayer.Hewascalledthe“IronHorse”.Heplayedineverygamefor14yearswithoutmissingevenone.Heplayedover2,000games.Thatwasarecordwhichwasn’tbrokenfor50years.Butthensomethingbadhappened.Hecouldbarelyswingthebatandhecouldn’trunaroundthebasesanymore.Heknewsomethingwaswrong.Hehadadiseaseandwouldbecomeunabletomove.Heknewhewouldnotbeabletocontinueplayingbaseball,soheresigned.TheYankeesheldaspecialdayinYankeeStadiumonJuly4,1939tohonorhim.Inhisspeechhesaidhiscareerinbaseballmadehim“theluckiestmanonthefaceoftheearth”.ThatsameyearhewasvotedintotheHallofFame.Eventhoughhecouldnolongerplaybaseball,hekepthimselfbusybytakingajobservingontheNewYorkStateParoleCommission.Hekeptworkinguntilhediedin1941.46.HowdidLouGehriggethissportsscholarship?(nomorethan8words)____________________________________________________________________________________47.WhatinformationcanwegetfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2?(nomorethan15words)____________________________________________________________________________________48.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?(nomorethan8words)____________________________________________________________________________________49.WhatdidLouGehrigdoafterhoresigned?(nomorethan13words)____________________________________________________________________________________50.WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkLouGehrigis?Andwhy?____________________________________________________________________________________【答案】46.Atalentscoutofferedittohim.47.Hisfamilywaspoor,buthisparentssupportedhimasmuchastheycould.48.LouGehrigmadegreatachievementsinbaseball.49.HetookajobservingontheNewYorkStateParoleCommission.50.本題為開放式話題，——★參考答案★——：Because