第3課時SectionAGrammarFocus-4c初中英語/人教版/八年級下冊

Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?01Review05Summary03Presentation02Grammar06Homework04Exercises01020304語言能力思維品質文化意識學習能力學習目標掌握下列詞匯：fiction,sciencefiction,technology,French,thinkabout,can'twaittodosth.,morethan.設置多項任務鍛煉學生團結協作能力，培養學生總結歸納、深度思考的能力。通過觀察比較,歸納already和yet的用法區別以及一般過去時和現在完成時的區別。運用現在完成時談論自己看過的最喜歡的書籍、電影或者歌曲，培養學生鑒賞美的能力，陶冶思想情操。ReviewPart01A:What’sthenameofthebook?B:ItisLittleWomen.A:Haveyouread

LittleWomenyet

?B:Yes,Ihave.\No,Ihaven’t.A:Whatdoyouthinkofit?B:Ithinkit’sinteresting\funny\fantastic\boring\…A:What’sitabout?B:It’saboutfoursistersgrowingup.A:What’sthenameofthebook?B:ItisLittleWomen.A:Haveyouread

LittleWomenyet

?B:Yes,Ihave.\No,Ihaven’t.A:Whatdoyouthinkofit?B:Ithinkit’sinteresting\funny\fantastic\boring\…A:What’sitabout?B:It’saboutfoursistersgrowingup.TreasureIsland.TreasureIslandyet?aboywhogoesouttoseaandfindsanislandfulloftreasures.OliverTwist.OliverTwist.aboywholivesintheUnitedKingdom.RobinsonCrusoe.RobinsonCrusoeRobinson’slifeonaremoteisland.Grammar

Part02GrammarFocusReadthesentencesandtranslatethem.Haveyouread

LittleWomen

yet?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.HasTinaread

TreasureIsland

yet?Yes,shehas.Shethinksit'sfantastic.Haveyoudecidedwhichbooktowriteaboutyet?Yes,Ihave.I'vealreadyfinishedreadingit.Itwasreallygood.Fillintheblanksaccordingtogrammarfocus.1.你已經讀過《小婦人》了嗎?是的，我讀過。不，我沒讀過。_____you____LittleWomen____?Yes,I_____./No,I______.2.蒂娜已經讀過《金銀島》了嗎?是的，她讀過。她認為它是極好的。_____Tina_____TreasureIsland___?Yes,she____.She_______it's_________.3.你已經決定選擇寫哪本書了嗎?是的，我已經讀完它了，它真好。_____you_______whichbookto__________________?Yes,I_____.I'vealready______________it.Itwasreallygood.Havereadyethavehaven'tHasreadyethasthinksfantasticHavedecidedwriteaboutyethavefinishedreadingGrammarFocusHaveyouread

LittleWomen

yet?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.HasTinaread

TreasureIsland

yet?Yes,shehas.Shethinksit'sfantastic.Haveyoudecidedwhichbooktowriteaboutyet?Yes,Ihave.I've

already

finishedreadingit.Itwasreallygood.現在完成時的結構1)基本結構：肯定句：主語+_____/_____+___________+其他否定句：主語+_____/_____+_______+_________+其他疑問句：_____/_____+主語+__________+其他---Yes,主語+_____/___.;No,主語+_______/______.2)常與標志詞_____________________________一起出現havehas過去分詞

havehasnot過去分詞

HaveHas過去分詞

havehashaven’thasn’talready,yet一、現在完成時的基本結構現在完成時由“助動詞have/has+過去分詞”構成，其基本句式結構為：①肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他.Ihaveseenthisfilm.②否定句：主語+have/hasnot+過去分詞+其他.Ihavenotseenthisfilm.③一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他?肯定回答：Yes,主語+have/has.否定回答：No,主語+haven't/hasn't.—Haveyouseenthefilm?—Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.和主語一致havenot=haven't;hasnot=hasn'thave/has常可縮略為-'ve/-'s1.Shehasalreadywrittenthemusic.(改為一般疑問句)________shewrittenthemusic_______?2.TheystudiedEnglish2yearsago.(用sincetwoyearsago改寫)They______________Englishsincetwoyearsago.3.HasTomhelpedhisparentsyet?(作出肯定回答)_______,____________.4.Thethreestudentshavebeentogetherfor3hours.(對畫線部分提問)

____________________havethethreestudentsbeentogether?5.ShehasalreadygonetoEngland.(改為否定句)She_____________gonetoEngland_____________.6.Hehasn'tcometoschoolbecausehe'sill.(對畫線部分提問)__________________________hecometoschool?HasyethavestudiedYeshehasHowlonghasn'tyetWhyhasn't鞏固練習現在完成時用法1：表示過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果。pastIhadbreakfast.I'mnothungrynow.presentIhavealreadyhadbreakfast.（早餐過去吃的，現在不餓。）圖示法表示Enrichyourlifetoday,yesterdayisowismystery二、現在完成時基本用法現在完成時的用法（1）：

表示過去發生或已經完成的動作（短暫性動詞）對現在造成的影響或結果，強調的是現在的影響或者結果。Ihaveopenedthedoor.我打開了門。現在完成時包含兩層意思，一是動作是過去某個時間發生的；二是現在含存在過去動作的影響或結果。現在完成時即聯系現在又說明過去。這句話包含兩層意思，一是門是過去某個時候打開的，二是門現在還是開著的。開門動作的影響和結果還存在。現在完成時的用法2：表示動作從過去某一時間開始，并一直持續到現在的動作或者狀態。而且可能還要繼續下去。pastImovedherein1990.Istilllivehere.presentIhave

livedherefor30years.(30年來一直生活在這里）圖示法表示

現在完成時的用法（2）：現在完成時還可以表示過去某一時間開始并一直持續到現在的動作或狀態，常與“for+時間段”或“since+時間點/從句”連用，這時要用延續性動詞。Theyhaveworkedinthiscompanyfor30years.Hehasbeeninthearmysince2016.（錯：Hehasjoinedthearmysince2016.）【特別提醒】如果要對for或since短語提問，疑問詞用howlong。—Howlonghaveyoulivedinthisarea?—Foratleast10years.1.IjoinedthebookclublastmonthandI____fivebooksalready.

A.amreadingB.havereadC.willreadD.read2.—Dad,Ican'tfindmyschoolIDcard.Didyouseeit?—No,Ididn't.Ithinkyou______it!A.lose B.willlose C.havelost D.arelosing3.—Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?—No,thanks.I______someteaalready.A.havedrunkB.wasdrinkingC.willdrink D.drink√√√鞏固練習GrammarFocusWhatdidyoufindout?Haveyouread

LittleWomen

yet?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.HasTinaread

TreasureIsland

yet?Yes,shehas.Shethinksit'sfantastic.Haveyoudecidedwhichbooktowriteaboutyet?Yes,Ihave.I'vealreadyfinishedreadingit.Itwasreallygood.already和yet都可以作為現在完成時的標志詞,但它們的用法不同。already一般用于_____句中.意為“______”,通常放在________和_________之間。肯定已經have\has過去分詞yet一般用于______句中,意為“______”;也可以用于______句中,意為“_______”疑問已經否定還(沒)現在完成時的常用時間狀語(標志詞)。ever（曾經），never（從未），也可以用于現在完成時，談論過去的經歷。時間標志詞含義用于

句，置于

.

ever疑問/肯定句，句中never從未\不表否定，句中曾經，至今為止Ihave

ever

watchedthismovie.我曾經看過這部電影。Haveyou

everheardof

thisstory?你曾經聽說過這個故事嗎？Ihave

never

watchedthismovie.我從未看過這部電影。Haveyouever

learnedtowrite?Yes,Ihave

ever

donethat.No,Ihave

neverdonethat.just（剛剛），before（以前；之前），sofar（到目前為止）也可以用于現在完成時，談論剛剛發生的動作或者過去的經歷。現在完成時的常用時間狀語(標志詞)。Haveyouhelpedothersbefore？你以前幫助過別人嗎？Ihavejust

helpedalittlekid.我剛剛幫助了一個小孩。Ihave

never

helpedothersbefore.我之前從未幫助過別人。before意思:_________,用于_________，位于_______之/以前各種句型句尾just意思:_________,用于________。剛剛肯定句Mymomhas

cookeddeliciousfood,soIcanhaveabigdinnernow.justIhavenevermadesuchamistake__________.before注意區別

just和

justnow，兩者都表示“剛剛”時，just用于完成時.justnow

用于一般過去時I

readingthebookjustnow.(finish)finished用just,already,yet,ever,never填空

1.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?2.Hehas_____finishedhishomework.3.Wehave_______cleanedourroom.

4.Ihaven’thadbreakfast____.

5.Shehas_______boughtthedictionary.everjustalreadyyetneverGrammarFocusWhatdidyoufindout?Haveyouread

LittleWomen

yet?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven't.HasTinaread

TreasureIsland

yet?Yes,shehas.Shethinksit'sfantastic.Haveyoudecidedwhichbooktowriteaboutyet?Yes,Ihave.I'vealreadyfinishedreadingit.Itwasreallygood.(______)read--_______--________.(______)decide--_________--________.(______)finish--_________--________.閱讀readread決定decideddecided完成finishedfinished動詞過去分詞的規則變化動詞過去分詞的規則變化和過去式的規則變化一樣。有以下四種情況：①一般在詞尾直接加ed

如：work-worked-worked,

pass-passed-passed

②以不發音的e結尾直接加d

如：like-liked-liked，

live-lived-lived

③以輔音字母加y結尾，改y為i，再加ed。

如：study-studied-studied，cry-cried-cried

④重讀閉音節（輔+元+輔）結尾的詞，雙寫最后一個輔音字母再加ed.

如：

stop-stopped-stopped，drop-dropped-dropped動詞過去分詞的不規則變化動詞過去分詞的不規則變化有以下四種情況：①以不變應萬變。

如：let→let→let;put→put→put;read→read→read②若中間有雙寫e，則去掉一個e，單詞末尾再加t。

如：feel→felt→felt;keep→kept→kept;sleep→slept→slept

③結尾的字母d變t。

如：lend→lent→lent;build→built→built;send→sent→sent

④變為以-ought或-aught結尾。

如：

buy→bought→bought;bring→brought→brought;catch→caught→caught;teach→taught→taught不規則變化：見P136不規則動詞表let→let→letput→put→putread→read→readrun→ran→runcome→came→Comebecome→became→becomebear→bore→bornbreaks→broke→brokengrow→grew→grownfeel-felt→feltkeep-kept→keptsleep→slept→sleptbeat→beat→beaten1.AAA格式(動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞同形)2.ABB格式(過去式與過去分詞同形)3.ABA格式(動詞原形與過去分詞同形)4.ABC格式(動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞均不同形)5.AAB格式(動詞原形與過去式同形)

現在完成時VS.一般過去時現在完成時表示過去發生的某一動作對現在造成的影響或結果，強調的是現在的情況，因此不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用。Ihavealreadydonemyhomework.（不能用lastnight等）I’vebeentoParisbefore.（不能用lastyear等）2.一般過去時只表示過去的動作和狀態，與現在無關。可以和表示過去的時間狀語連用。Ididmyhomeworklastnight.WhendidyougotoParis?（when一定不要和現在完成時連用）

現在完成時

一般過去時用法時間狀語謂語動詞表示過去發生的動作對現在造成的影響，側重于現在的情況。表示過去某個時候發生的動作或存在的狀態，與現在無關。常和already,yet,just,ever,never,before,since,

for等連用。常和yesterday,lastweek,justnow,in2012,twodaysago等具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用。與一段時間連用時，謂語動詞要用延續性動詞而不用非延續性動詞。謂語動詞沒有延續性或非延續性動詞的限制。PresentationPart034a1.A:Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?B:No,thanks.______________________.(just/drinksometea)2.A:Iheardyoulostyourkey.____________________?(find)B:No,notyet.3.A:DoyouknowwhenTomisleaving?B:____________________.(already/leave)A:When______________?(leave)B:Thismorning.4.A:Isyoursistergoingtothemovieswithustonight?B:No.__________________________.(already/seethefilm)5.A:Whatdoyourparentsthinkaboutourplan?B:I_________________________.(not/tellthem/yet)I’vejustdrunksometeaHaveyoufoundityetHehasalreadyleftdid

heleaveShehas

alreadyseenthefilmhaven’ttoldthemyetUsethewordsinbracketstocompletetheconversations.drink-drank-drunkfind-found-foundleave-left-leftsee-saw-seentell-told-toldSally _______(love)reading.Inthemorning,she

readsthenewspaperandintheeveningshereadsbooks.She_____already______(read)morethan100differentbooks!Herfavoritekindofbooksissciencefiction.Sheisinterestedinscienceandtechnologyandlovestoimaginewhattheworld_______(be)likein50years.She_________(finish)readingabookaboutrobotslastweek

and_________(write)abookreportaboutitnextweek

forherFrenchclass.Everytimesheisinthelibrary,Sallylooksatthemanybooksshe_____________(notread)yetandshecan’twaittoreadthem!Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.lovesbeinterestedin+n./代/Ving對...感興趣提示：確認時間標志，用對時態結構！readwillbefinishedwillwritehasn’treadcan’thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事can’twaittodosth迫不及待地做某事4bhas4cCompletethechartwithinformationaboutyouandafriend.A:Whatbookshaveyoualreadyread?B:I’vealreadyreadTomSawyerandHarryPotter.A:Whatdoyouthinkofthem?B:Well,IthinkHarryPotterwasexciting,butTomSawyerwasabitboring.YouYourfriendCommentsBooksIhavealreadyreadMoviesIhavealreadyseenSongsIhavealreadyheardReportlikethis:Ihavealreadyread…,it’sveryinteresting;Myfriendhasalreadyread…,it’sveryboring.Exercises

Part041.---WhowillgototheairporttomeetMary?---Iwill.I____herseveraltimes.Icanfindhereasily.

A.metB.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet2.---Doyouhavemyphonenumber?---Yes.ButIcan’tfinditnow.I’mafraidI_______it.

A.lostB.havelostC.lostD.lose3.---Haveyouhadaholidayrecently?---___________.A.Yes,Ido.B.Yes,Ihave.C.No,Ihasn’tD.Yes,Idid.4.Ihave______seenthemovie,soIwon’tgotothecinemathisweekend.A.alreadyB.not