新導(dǎo)向職業(yè)英語(yǔ)

學(xué)生用書(shū)2NewOrientation

EnglishUnit7SafetyandEmergencyContentsNewOrientationEnglishLead-inListeningSpeakingReadingLanguageinUseWritingCultureNotesProjectNewOrientationEnglish新導(dǎo)向職業(yè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)生用書(shū)2MatchingWordNetLead-inHome?quickresponse?keydepartment?preventivemeasure?first-aidtraining?emergencypreparednessMatchingSafetyandemergencypreparednessaretwocrucialaspectsinworkplaces.ReadthroughthefollowingexpressionsinEnglishandmatchthemwiththeirChineseequivalents.Directions:④迅速反應(yīng)⑦關(guān)鍵部門(mén)②預(yù)防措施⑨急救培訓(xùn)⑤應(yīng)急準(zhǔn)備?potentialrisk?artificialbreathing?graveconsequence?securityarea?legaldocumentMatching①潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)⑧人工呼吸⑩ 嚴(yán)重后果⑥安全區(qū)域③法律文件Directions:BackSafetyandemergencypreparednessaretwocrucialaspectsinworkplaces.ReadthroughthefollowingexpressionsinEnglishandmatchthemwiththeirChineseequivalents.ExploretheWordNetanddiscussthemeaningofthewordswithyourpartner.TranslatethemintoChineseandseeifyoucanaddmore.Directions:有備警惕安全識(shí)別訓(xùn)練WordNetsafety

?preparedness?alert?security?identify?drill?well-being?prepare?policy?responsibility健康準(zhǔn)備政策責(zé)任BackNewOrientationEnglish新導(dǎo)向職業(yè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)生用書(shū)2ConversationPassage1ListeningPassage2Home()1.Leehasnoideaaboutthetragicaccidentofapowerplant’snuclearleakage.()2.Nuclearleakagesoundshorriblebecausetherearemanysuchcases.()3.Leedoesnotthinkitpossibletoeliminateallthepossiblehazardsintheworkplace.()4.Afireextinguisherisametalcontainerwithinertgas(惰性氣體)insideandisusedforputtingoutsmallfires.()5.Ignoringpreventivemeasuresmayalsobeacauseofaccidentsintheworkplace.ConversationFListentoaconversationbetweenYaoandLee.Markthefollowingstatementsastrue(T)orfalse(F).Directions:FTFTScriptBackConversationScript:IdentifyingPossibleWorkplaceHazardsYao:Lee,haveyouheardthetragicnewsaboutthenuclearpowerplant?Lee:Youmeanthenuclearleakage?Yeah,it’sterrible.Yao:Nuclearleakagesoundshorrible.Butitissaidthatsuchcasesareveryrare.Lee:That’strue.Infact,therearecertaindangersineveryworkplace.Insome,itmightbepoisonousgases;inothers,itmightbefiresorelectricshocks.ConversationScript:Yao:Yeah,somehazardsaremorelikelytobepresentincertainworkplacesthanothers,dependingonthenatureofthework.Lee:Yes.Sinceitisstillimpossibletoeliminateallpossiblehazards,preventivemeasuresseemtobereallyimportant.Yao:Exactly.Atleasteverybodyneedstoknowhowtouseafireextinguisher—youknow,themetalcontainerwithchemicalsinsideforputtingoutsmallfires.BackConversationScript:Lee:Iknow.Weseefireextinguishersinmostbuildings.Employersshouldmakesuretoapplypreventivemeasuresagainstanypotentialrisks,howevercostlythatmightbe.Yao:Butsomeaccidentshappened,notbecauseofthelackofpreventivemeasures,butbecauseoftheignoranceofthem.Lee:Youdohaveapoint.It’severybody’sbusiness.Besides,perhapswealsoneedtolearnsomebasicskillsoffirstaid.Back1.Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?A.Goodmeasuresandtheirimplementationswilleliminateworkplaceaccidents.B.Smallbusinesseswouldhavetocloseifadisasteroccurredintheirworkplaces.C.Beingwellpreparedforpotentialhazardswillgreatlyreducepossibleharm.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTlistedasakindoftragedyinthepassage?A.Suddenepidemic.B.Economicdepression.C.Industrialaccident.Passage1√ListentoPassage1.Choosetherightanswersaccordingtowhatyouhear.Directions:√Script3.Whatisthefirstimportantsteptodealwithpossibleemergenciesintheworkplace?A.Toidentifythekindofdangerthatmayoccur.B.Todesignagoodresponseplanagainstpossiblerisks.C.Topracticefirst-aidtrainingamongemployees.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanaspectoffirst-aidtraining?A.Thecorrectwaytostopbleeding.B.Thequickwaytomakeanemergencycall.C.Theproperwaytoofferartificialbreathing.Passage1√ListentoPassage1.Choosetherightanswersaccordingtowhatyouhear.Directions:√BackScript:WorkplaceEmergencyPreparednessManysmallbusinesseshavehadtocloseaftertragedyhappenedintheirworkplaces.Theseincludeindustrialaccidents,suddenepidemicsandnaturaldisasters.However,ifbothemployersandemployeesarewellpreparedforsuchtragedies,injuriescouldbereduced,livescouldbesaved,andeventhewholecompanycouldcomebackstronger.Passage1Script:Passage1Thefirstimportantstepinemergencypreparednessistoidentifythekindofriskthatmayoccurinacertainworkplace.Thenanemergencyresponseplanshouldbedesigned.Thebasiccontentoftheplanshouldincludedrillsforhazardssuchasfires,earthquakesorpoisonouschemicalleakage;anditshouldalsocoverfirst-aidtraining,suchashowtostopbleedingandmakeartificialbreathing.Inaddition,aspeciallytrainedteamshouldbeinplaceatanytime.Itisthisteamthatwillimplementalltheemergencyresponsemeasures.Incaseofanemergency,theteamwilltakechargeofthewell-organizedcooperationwithanyoneinvolvedintheworkplace.Thesemeasureswillhelpgreatlyreduce,ifnoteliminate,harminanyworkplaceemergency.BackPassage2ListentoPassage2.Fillintheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhear.Directions:Wheneverandwhereversafetyinproductionisignored,possibleinjuresorevendeath1.__________.Suchaccidentsare2._________forfamiliesoreventhewholenation.So,necessarypreventivemeasuresshouldbetaken.HealthandSafety3.______isthusestablishedandissued.Thepolicyexplainsindetailwhatshouldandshouldnotbedonetokeeppeople4.________________intheirwork.mayoccurdisastrousPolicysafeandsoundPassage2ListentoPassage2.Fillintheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhear.Directions:Beingakindoflegaldocument,thepolicyissupposedtobe5.__________strictlybyeveryoneconcerned.Nobodyistoneglectitatanytimeorinany6._________.Inthisway,thepolicycanhelpreduceaccidentsintheprocessofproductionorofficework.If7.________doesunfortunatelyhappen,thepolicycouldalsobeusedasa(n)8.____________oflegalresponsibilities.observedcaseaninjuryreferencePassage2ListentoPassage2.Fillintheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhear.Directions:Thatis,whichparty—theinjuredorthecompany—shouldtakewhichresponsibility.9.________thepolicyisstrictlyfollowed,bothmanagersandemployeescouldworkmorecomfortablywithout10._________toomuch.Withsafetyguaranteed,thecompany’sprofitandstaffmembers’well-beingwillassuredlybeenhanced.OnceworryingBackNewOrientationEnglish新導(dǎo)向職業(yè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)生用書(shū)2ConversationalModelExtendedSpeakingSpeakingHomeEnhancingaSenseofResponsibilityLee:Well,wetalkedabouttheimportanceofhealthandsafetypolicieslasttime,right?Yao:Yes.So,shallwemoveontodiscusshowtoenhanceasenseofresponsibilitytowardthepolicy’srequirements?Lee:OK.Let’sthinkaboutwhatweshoulddoasstaffmembers.Yao:Inmyopinion,firstweneedtoknowthenecessityoftherequirements.Theyarenotonlyconnectedtothewell-beingofthecompanybutalsothewell-beingofallstaff.Listentothefollowingconversationandimitateitwithyourpartner.Directions:ConversationalModel參考譯文Lee:Exactly.Therequirementsplayanimportantroleinprotectingusagainstanypossibleharmwhileatwork.Yao:Anyfailuretomeettheserequirementsmayleadtothelossofpropertyorevenlives.Lee:Yeah,noonecanaffordsuchlosses.Theycanbedisastrous.Yao:Sothosewhodonotfollowtherequirementsshouldbepunished.Lee:Andthosewhodofollowtherequirementswellshouldbeawarded.Yao:Icouldn’tagreemore!Everybodyissupposedtoknowthatwhattheydoiscloselyrelatedtotheirowninterests.Lee:So,allofusshoulddevelopastrongsenseofresponsibility.Listentothefollowingconversationandimitateitwithyourpartner.Directions:ConversationalModel參考譯文Back增強(qiáng)責(zé)任感李：我們上次談過(guò)健康和安全政策的重要性了，對(duì)吧？姚：是的。那么，我們是否應(yīng)該繼續(xù)討論如何增強(qiáng)對(duì)政策要求的責(zé)任感？李：好的。讓我們想一想，作為員工我們應(yīng)該做些什么。姚：在我看來(lái)，首先我們需要了解這些要求的必要性。它們不僅關(guān)系到公司的福祉，也關(guān)系到全體員工的福祉。參考譯文:ConversationalModelBack李：沒(méi)錯(cuò)。這些要求在保護(hù)我們?cè)诠ぷ髦忻馐苋魏慰赡艿膫Ψ矫姘l(fā)揮著重要作用。姚：任何不符合這些要求的行為都可能導(dǎo)致財(cái)產(chǎn)的損失甚至生命的傷亡。李：是的，沒(méi)有人能承受得起這樣的損失，它們可能是災(zāi)難性的。姚：所以那些不遵守要求的人應(yīng)該受到懲罰。李：而那些嚴(yán)格遵守要求的人應(yīng)該得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。姚：完全同意！每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該知道他們所做的事與他們自己的利益密切相關(guān)。李：所以，我們大家都應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感。參考譯文:ConversationalModelBackLanguagePointsSo,shallwemoveontodiscusshowtoenhanceasenseofresponsibilitytowardthepolicy’srequirements?Shallwedo...?在口語(yǔ)中常用來(lái)禮貌地表示建議、提議；moveonto表示一種遞進(jìn)，意為“換到下一個(gè)話題，繼續(xù)下一步”，此處to既可以是動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)，后面接動(dòng)詞原形，也可以是介詞，后面接名詞作賓語(yǔ)。e.g.Havingcompletedthefirststep,youcanmoveontostep2.第一階段完成后，你就可以接著進(jìn)行第二步了。BackLanguagePoints2.Inmyopinion,firstweneedtoknowthenecessityoftherequirements.inmyopinion在口語(yǔ)中常用，用于表達(dá)個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)和看法。BackLanguagePoints3.Therequirementsplayanimportantroleinprotectingusagainstanypossibleharmwhileatwork.protect...against意為“保護(hù)…免受”；whileatwork是時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，省略了weare，在口語(yǔ)中這種形式很常見(jiàn)。BackLanguagePoints4.Anyfailuretomeettheserequirementsmayleadtothelossofpropertyorevenlives.tomeettheserequirements是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，修飾主語(yǔ)failure；leadto意為“導(dǎo)致，招致…”，表示一種結(jié)果。BackLanguagePoints5.Yeah,noonecanaffordsuchlosses.Theycanbedisastrous.Yeah在口頭交際中非常常用，通常表示贊同，但是如果句尾用升調(diào)則可能表示一種回應(yīng)或者是疑問(wèn)，意為“哦，是嗎？”。Theycanbe表示可能性較大的肯定判斷。BackLanguagePoints6.Sothosewhodonotfollowtherequirementsshouldbepunished.這句話與后面Andthosewhodofollowtherequirementswellshouldbeawarded.采用了一樣的句式，表示強(qiáng)烈的對(duì)比，是一種生動(dòng)的排比重復(fù)修辭手法。BackLanguagePoints7.Icouldn’tagreemore!這是口語(yǔ)中常用的句式，意為“再同意不過(guò)了！”，表示完全贊同。BackFamiliarizeyourselfwiththeusefulpatternsandexpressionsintheConversationModel.Withapartner,discussabouthowtouseafireextinguisher(滅火器)andthencreateandrole-playtheconversationwithreferencetothelistsbelow.Directions:ExtendedSpeaking

Fourstepsof“PASS”inusingafireextinguisher:?P:ToPullthepinatthetopoftheextinguisher.Thepinreleasesalockingmechanismandwillallowyoutodischargetheextinguisher.?A:ToAimatthebaseofthefire,notthe?ames.Thisisimportant,inordertoputoutthefire—youmustextinguishthefuel.?S:ToSqueezetheleverslowly.Thiswillreleasetheextinguishingagentintheextinguisher.Ifthehandleisreleased,thedischargewillstop.?S:ToSweepfromsidetoside.Usingasweepingmotion,movethefireextinguisherbackandforthuntilthefireiscompletelyout.FamiliarizeyourselfwiththeusefulpatternsandexpressionsintheConversationModel.Withapartner,discussabouthowtouseafireextinguisher(滅火器)andthencreateandrole-playtheconversationwithreferencetothelistsbelow.Directions:ExtendedSpeaking

Usefulpatternsandexpressions:?Well,wetalkedaboutthe...lasttime,right??So,shallwemoveontodiscusshowto...?Let’sthinkabouthowtoreactincaseof...?Inmyopinion,firstweneedto...?Thenhowabout...?ExtendedSpeaking

Conversation:Lee:Well,wetalkedaboutsomepossiblecausesofafireaccidentlasttime,right?Yao:...Directions:FamiliarizeyourselfwiththeusefulpatternsandexpressionsintheConversationModel.Withapartner,discussabouthowtouseafireextinguisher(滅火器)andthencreateandrole-playtheconversationwithreferencetothelistsbelow.BackNewOrientationEnglish新導(dǎo)向職業(yè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)生用書(shū)2ComprehensionCheckTranslationPracticeReadingTextATextOrganizationComprehensionCheckTextBHomeQ?Whatassociationsdoestheconceptof“bigdata”bringtomind??Howdoyouthinkbigdatablunderscanaffectmodernbusinesses?TextAWarm-upQuestionsbig?data:?大數(shù)據(jù)，是指無(wú)法在一定時(shí)間范圍內(nèi)用常規(guī)軟件工具進(jìn)行捕捉、管理和處理的數(shù)據(jù)集合，是需要新處理模式才能具有更強(qiáng)決策力、洞察發(fā)現(xiàn)力和流程優(yōu)化能力的海量、高增長(zhǎng)率和多樣化的信息資產(chǎn)。大數(shù)據(jù)具有數(shù)據(jù)體量巨大、數(shù)據(jù)類型繁多、價(jià)值密度低、商業(yè)價(jià)值高、處理速度快等特點(diǎn)。大數(shù)據(jù)可用于數(shù)據(jù)記錄、電子地圖、社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)等，在生活中大數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用常見(jiàn)的領(lǐng)域有電商行業(yè)、廣告行業(yè)、教育范疇等。當(dāng)然，大數(shù)據(jù)也是一把雙刃劍。TextAackgroundInformationBlook?before?you?leap:?英語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ)，“三思而后行”，據(jù)說(shuō)源于《伊索寓言》中的一則故事。一只狐貍掉進(jìn)了井里，由于它沒(méi)辦法爬出來(lái)，所以說(shuō)服一只山羊跳進(jìn)來(lái)，最后狐貍跳到山羊的背上出來(lái)了，卻沒(méi)有幫助山羊爬上來(lái)。山羊認(rèn)為狐貍不守信用，而狐貍反而說(shuō)山羊應(yīng)該“l(fā)ookbeforeyouleap”。隨著時(shí)間的推移，人們將這個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)引申為如今的含義。ina“flash”:一閃而過(guò)。flash是閃電。因此這個(gè)暗喻與中文里的“一閃而過(guò)”意思相近，都指“剎那間，轉(zhuǎn)瞬間”等非常快的意思。TextAackgroundInformationB

Thisisthemodernbusinesslandscape—bigdata,dataeverywhere,notadroptowaste!Bigdatahasbecomeconsiderablycrucialformodernbusinesses.Thesecretliesinthehugeamountofdatacollected,sortedthrough,andcollatedfromdifferentsources,bringinginthecapabilitytoincreasetheinsightlevelandmakedata-baseddecisions.

Inthebusinessworld,forinstance,bigdatahelpsenhancetheenablementofeveryaspect,whichincludesboosting

revenue,ensuringbetterrevenuedecisions,enhancingclientexperience,helpingproducesmarterservicesandgoods,andofferingmoreaccuratebusinessoperations.TextABigDataBlundersBusinessesShouldAvoid愚蠢（或粗心）的錯(cuò)誤格局，景觀關(guān)鍵的核對(duì)，整理洞察力促進(jìn)，激勵(lì)收入/確保精確的?參考譯文

Thus,bigdatabecomesthedefiningleverageforinnovativeenterprisestogainanedgeovertheircompetitors.Butthemassivequantityofdataisbothchallengingtomaintainandcostlytomanage.Bigdataislikecreditcards—usethemwellandtheygainbenefits;usethemunwiselyandthebillsarehuge!Nocompanycouldreallyaffordtomakeblundersregardingbigdata!Let’slookatthreebigdatablunderstohavearoughideaaboutthecrucialissue.TextA影響力，杠桿作用占優(yōu)勢(shì)，受益/邊緣參考譯文?Blunder

1:

ParalysisofAnalysisIssue:Itseemsthe“l(fā)ookbeforeyouleap”policyisstillunknowntomanybusinesseswhojumpintotheinitiativesofbigdatawithenormousdatacollection.Stalledprojectsandparalysisofanalysisareinevitableconsequencesofissuesinbigdataanalytics.Solution:Startintheworldofbigdatawithsmalldataquantity.Letyourcollecteddatarefuteorsupportyourhypothesis.Incaseofambiguousdata,pairitup!TextA麻痹跳躍巨大的拖延的，停滯的后果，結(jié)果反駁/假設(shè)如果發(fā)生…/模棱兩可的/（使）成對(duì)，配對(duì)參考譯文???

Blunder

2:DataSecurityButchered

intheNameofInnovationIssue:Securityisthefirstaspectlostwhenworkingwithbigdata.Butwhataboutthemitigatingsecurityconcernsregardingit?Solution:Thereneedstobeamultifacetedapproachforsecuringbigdata.Thisshouldcompriseanunderstandingofthedatapossessed,auditingtheoperationsofdata,andholdingcontrolovertheprivilegedusers.Makesuretocoverthebig-datasecuritywithaholisticandunifiedsystemofprocessesandcontrols.TextA弄砸/以…的名義多方面的審計(jì)，檢查有特權(quán)的整體的，全面的/統(tǒng)一的參考譯文???

Blunder3:PuttingBigDataPuzzleina“Flash”Issue:Bigdataisacolossaljigsawpuzzlethatifhastenedtosolve,itwouldbeahugejumble.Noorganizationiscapableenoughtotacklesuchabigpuzzle.Solution:Solvethepuzzleareabyareaorratherpiecebypiece.Thiswillmakeyourbigdatachallengesasmall-dataone.Enterprisesarethenequippedenoughtotacklesuchchallenges.Thisdefinitelyeasesthejob,right?TextA巨大的混亂應(yīng)付參考譯文???Therearemoreliableblundersapartfromthethreementionedabove.Forexpertsanddevelopers,thisisclearlybothanopportunityandachallenge.Asdatavolumesincrease,theywillcontinuetomigratetothecloud.Theprosperityofbigdatawillhavealottoofferforyourorganization.Akeypointisthatbusinessesneedtoavoidtheseblunderstoharnessitsfullcapabilitiesandenjoythebenefitsitbrings.TextA可能受…影響的，有責(zé)任的移動(dòng)，遷移繁榮利用參考譯文?BackWords&Expressionsblunder/?bl?nd?/n.愚蠢（或粗心）的錯(cuò)誤landscape/?l?ndske?p/n.格局，景觀crucial/?kru??l/a.關(guān)鍵的collate/k??le?t/v.核對(duì)，整理insight/??nsa?t/n.洞察力boost/bu?st/v.促進(jìn)，激勵(lì)revenue/?rev?nju?/n.收入ensure/?n????/v.確保accurate/??kj?r?t/a.精確的leverage/?lev?r?d?/n.影響力，杠桿作用edge/ed?/n.邊緣paralysis/p??r?l?s?s/n.麻痹leap/li?p/v.跳躍enormous/??n??m?s/a.巨大的stalled/st??ld/a.拖延的，停滯的consequence/?k?ns?kw?ns/n.后果，結(jié)果refute/r??fju?t/v.反駁hypothesis/ha??p?θ?s?s/n.假設(shè)Words&Expressionsambiguous/??m?b?ɡj??s/a.模棱兩可的butcher/?b?t??/v.弄砸multifaceted/?m?lti?f?s?t?d/a.多方面的audit/???d?t/v.審計(jì)，檢查privileged/?pr?v?l?d?d/a.有特權(quán)的holistic/h???l?st?k/a.整體的，全面的unified/?ju?n?fa?d/a.統(tǒng)一的colossal/k??l?sl/a.巨大的jumble/?d??mbl/n.混亂tackle/?t?kl/v.應(yīng)付liable/?la??bl/a.可能受…影響的，有責(zé)任的migrate/ma??ɡre?t/v.移動(dòng)，遷移prosperity/pr??sper?t?/n.繁榮harness/?hɑ?n?s/v.利用gainanedgeover占優(yōu)勢(shì)，受益incaseof如果發(fā)生…pairup（使）成對(duì)，配對(duì)inthenameof以…的名義Back企業(yè)應(yīng)避免的大數(shù)據(jù)錯(cuò)誤這里展示了現(xiàn)代商業(yè)格局——大數(shù)據(jù)，無(wú)處不在的數(shù)據(jù)，一星半點(diǎn)都不能浪費(fèi)的數(shù)據(jù)！數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)于現(xiàn)代企業(yè)已經(jīng)變得至關(guān)重要，其秘密在于從不同來(lái)源收集、分類和整理的大量數(shù)據(jù)，帶來(lái)了提高洞察水平和基于數(shù)據(jù)做出決策的能力。例如，在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域，大數(shù)據(jù)有助于增強(qiáng)各個(gè)方面的支持，包括提高收入、確保更好的收入決策、增強(qiáng)客戶體驗(yàn)、幫助生產(chǎn)出更智能的服務(wù)和商品，以及提供更準(zhǔn)確的業(yè)務(wù)運(yùn)營(yíng)。參考譯文:TextABack因此，大數(shù)據(jù)成為創(chuàng)新型企業(yè)超越競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的決定性杠桿。然而，如此龐大的數(shù)據(jù)量既難以維護(hù)，管理成本又非常高昂。大數(shù)據(jù)就像信用卡一樣——運(yùn)用得當(dāng)它們會(huì)產(chǎn)生收益；使用欠妥會(huì)帶來(lái)巨額賬單！沒(méi)有哪家公司真的能在大數(shù)據(jù)方面犯得起錯(cuò)誤！為了大致了解一些關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題，讓我們看一下三個(gè)大數(shù)據(jù)錯(cuò)誤。參考譯文:BackTextA錯(cuò)誤一：分析癱瘓問(wèn)題：“三思而后行”的政策對(duì)許多企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)似乎仍是個(gè)未知數(shù)，他們急于通過(guò)大數(shù)據(jù)收集制定新方案。停滯的項(xiàng)目和分析的癱瘓無(wú)疑是大數(shù)據(jù)分析問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的后果。解決方案：從小數(shù)據(jù)量開(kāi)始進(jìn)入大數(shù)據(jù)世界。讓你收集的數(shù)據(jù)反駁或支持你的假設(shè)。如果數(shù)據(jù)不明確，請(qǐng)配好對(duì)兒！參考譯文:BackTextA錯(cuò)誤二：借創(chuàng)新之名侵害數(shù)據(jù)安全問(wèn)題：安全性是處理大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)首當(dāng)其沖要被犧牲掉。但是如何減輕安全方面的擔(dān)憂呢？解決方案：需要一種多方面的方法來(lái)保護(hù)大數(shù)據(jù)。這應(yīng)該包括對(duì)所擁有的數(shù)據(jù)的理解、對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)操作的審計(jì)以及對(duì)特權(quán)用戶的控制。確保用一個(gè)全面統(tǒng)一的流程和控制系統(tǒng)覆蓋大數(shù)據(jù)安全。參考譯文:BackTextA錯(cuò)誤三：將大數(shù)據(jù)難題“一閃而過(guò)”問(wèn)題：大數(shù)據(jù)是一個(gè)巨大的拼圖游戲，如果過(guò)于著急拼出來(lái)，將會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大的混亂。任何一個(gè)組織都沒(méi)有有能力解決這樣一個(gè)巨大的難題。解決方法：一個(gè)區(qū)域一個(gè)區(qū)域地或者更確切地說(shuō)是一塊一塊地解決這個(gè)難題。這可以把你的大數(shù)據(jù)挑戰(zhàn)變成小數(shù)據(jù)挑戰(zhàn)。這樣一來(lái)，企業(yè)就有足夠的能力應(yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn)。這肯定就會(huì)讓工作輕松些，對(duì)不對(duì)？參考譯文:TextABack除了上面提到的三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤之外，還有其他一些更容易犯的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)于專家和開(kāi)發(fā)者來(lái)說(shuō)，這顯然既是機(jī)遇又是挑戰(zhàn)。如此繁榮的大數(shù)據(jù)將為您的組織帶來(lái)諸多好處！關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)是，企業(yè)需要避免以上失誤，這樣才能充分利用其能力并享受其帶來(lái)的益處。參考譯文:BackTextALanguagePointsThisisthemodernbusinesslandscape—bigdata,dataeverywhere,notadroptowaste!(Para.1)此句很口語(yǔ)化，句子結(jié)構(gòu)中有幾處省略，完整的句子可以是Bigdataisthemodernbusinesslandscape,withlotsofdataeverywhere,notadropofwhichshouldbewasted!另外，雖然data是datum的復(fù)數(shù)，但是data作主語(yǔ)表示“數(shù)據(jù)”時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。BackLanguagePoints2.Thesecretliesinthehugeamountofdatacollected,sortedthrough,andcollatedfromdifferentsources,bringinginthecapabilitytoincreasetheinsightlevelandmakedata-baseddecisions.(Para.1)此句中，一連串的過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)collected，sortedthrough，collatedfromdifferentsources都用來(lái)修飾data。bringing引導(dǎo)一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。BackLanguagePoints3.Inthebusinessworld,forinstance,bigdatahelpsenhancetheenablementofeveryaspect,whichincludesboostingrevenue,ensuringbetterrevenuedecisions,enhancingclientexperience,helpingproducesmarterservicesandgoods,andofferingmoreaccuratebusinessoperations.(Para.1)which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，從句中的一連串動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)boosting...，ensuring...，enhancing...，helping...等全都用來(lái)作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞include的賓語(yǔ)。BackLanguagePoints4.Thus,bigdatabecomesthedefiningleverageforinnovativeenterprisestogainanedgeovertheircompetitors.(Para.2)although引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，此句省略了hewas。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)gainanedgeover是一個(gè)固定搭配，意為“勝過(guò)，有更多的優(yōu)勢(shì)”。e.g.Youshouldpresentthemeaningfulactivitiesyouhaveparticipatedinonyourrésumétogainanedgeovertheotherapplicantsinthecompetition.你應(yīng)該在簡(jiǎn)歷上列舉出參加過(guò)的有意義的活動(dòng)，以便在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中比其他申請(qǐng)人多一點(diǎn)優(yōu)勢(shì)。BackLanguagePoints5.Incaseofambiguousdata,pairitup!(Para.5)incaseof意為“如果發(fā)生…，萬(wàn)一”；ambiguous意為“模棱兩可的，含混不清的”。e.g.Incaseoffire,walkquicklytothenearestdoor.

如遇火情，趕快朝最近的門(mén)跑。BackLanguagePoints6.Securityisthefirstaspectlostwhenworkingwithbigdata.Butwhataboutthemitigatingsecurityconcernsregardingit?(Para.7)過(guò)去分詞lost作定語(yǔ)修飾aspect。when引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，省略了youare。whatabout用于引出一個(gè)疑問(wèn)句，在此表示與之前內(nèi)容相關(guān)的新的話題或觀點(diǎn)，意為“那么…怎么樣呢？”Back1.ThebenefitsfrombigdataincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT.A.boostingrevenueB.enhancingclientexperienceC.ensuringallsortsofdecisionsD.helpingproducesmarterservices2.Amassivequantityofdatahasbeencollectedandsortedthroughfrom.A.modernbusinessesB.variouskindsofsourcesC.innovativeenterprisesD.differentorganizations3.Bigdataiscomparedtoacreditcardbytheauthor,for.A.bothareimportantinthemarketB.bothareusedinthebusinessworldC.theywerebothcreatedinmoderntimesD.theymayproducegoodandbadeffectsChoosethebestanswersaccordingtoTextA.Directions:√ComprehensionCheck√√4.Bigdatablundersmayresultin.A.unaffordablelosesB.butcheredsecurityC.hastydecisionsD.enormouspuzzles5.Aconclusionmaybedrawnfromthetextthat.A.bigdatashouldbemigratedtothecloudB.bigdatablunderscannotbeavoidedC.bigdataisbeneficialtoenterprisesD.bigdataisathreatifhandledunwisely√ChoosethebestanswersaccordingtoTextA.Directions:√ComprehensionCheckBackTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingtheexpressionsinparentheses.Directions:TranslationPractice1.無(wú)處不在的大數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)于現(xiàn)代企業(yè)已經(jīng)變得至關(guān)重要。(crucialfor)2.創(chuàng)新型企業(yè)超越競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的決定性杠桿在于大數(shù)據(jù)。(gainanedgeover)3.在我們做重要決定的時(shí)候，切記要“三思而后行”。(lookbeforeweleap)Bigdataeverywherehasbecomeconsiderablycrucialformodernbusinesses.Thedefiningleverageforinnovativeenterprisestogainanedgeovertheircompetitorsliesinbigdata.Whenmakingimportantdecisions,weshouldbearinmindtolookbeforeweleap.4.萬(wàn)一出現(xiàn)大數(shù)據(jù)錯(cuò)誤，企業(yè)該如何采取有效措施呢？(incaseof)5.人們不應(yīng)假借創(chuàng)新之名侵害數(shù)據(jù)安全。(inthenameof)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingtheexpressionsinparentheses.Directions:TranslationPracticeHowcanenterprisestakeeffectivemeasuresincaseofbigdatablunders?Peopleshouldneverbutcherdatasecurityinthenameofinnovation.BackSummarizeTextAwithreferencetothewordcloudbelow.Directions:SummarizingBigdatahasbecomeincreasinglycrucialformodernbusinessesasadefiningleveragetogainanedgeovertheircompetitors.Nocompanycouldreallyaffordtomakemistakesregardingbigdata!Thethreeblundersshouldbeavoidedspecially.Thefirstblunderis“ParalysisofAnalysis”.SummarizingSummarizeTextAwithreferencetothewordcloudbelow.Directions:Solutiontothisproblemistostartintheworldofbigdatawithsmallerdataquantities.Thesecondis“DataSecurityButcheredintheNameofInnovation”.Inordertoguaranteebigdatasecurity,youshouldprotectyourbigdatawithaholisticandunifiedsystemofprocessesandcontrols.Thethirdblunderis“PuttingBigDataPuzzleina‘Flash’”.SummarizingSummarizeTextAwithreferencetothewordcloudbelow.Directions:Bigdataisacolossaljigsawpuzzlethatifhastenedtocomplete,itwouldresultinahugejumble.Sothepuzzleshouldbesolvedpiecebypiecetotacklesuchchallenges.Allinall,bigdataisclearlybothanopportunityandachallenge.Thekeypointisthatbusinessesneedtoavoidtheseblunderstoharnessitsfullcapabilitiesandenjoythebenefitsitbrings.BackQTextB?Whatdoyouthinkshouldbeincludedinaschool’semergencyresponseplan??Whatcanwedotohelpdisasterrecoveryefforts?Warm-upQuestionsemergency?response?plan:?應(yīng)急響應(yīng)預(yù)案，是針對(duì)可能發(fā)生的自然災(zāi)害或事故，為迅速、有序地開(kāi)展應(yīng)急行動(dòng)而預(yù)先建立的行動(dòng)方案。應(yīng)急救援是否有效，取決于企業(yè)是否在任何時(shí)候都有能應(yīng)付緊急情況的訓(xùn)練有素的人員及必要的裝備。Better?safe?than?sorry.:?事后后悔不如事前穩(wěn)妥。（西方諺語(yǔ)）TextBackgroundInformationBPreviousnaturaldisastershavetaughtussomepainfullessons,whichmayremindusoftheimportanceofcreatingemergencyresponseplansatwork.Whenastormapproaches,oranearthquakehits,organizationsneedtogetverywell-preparedfortheworstinordertoprotecttheemployeesandcustomersinworkplaces.Then,howcanweprepareanemergencyresponseplan?Itiseasiersaidthandone.Butthereareafewkeyareasthateveryemergencyresponseplanshouldcover:TextBGettingPreparedandPracticedforanEmergency突發(fā)事件，緊急情況使想起?參考譯文1.Emergencyresponseleaders:Designateresponseleaderswhowillleadevacuation,coordinatecommunicationandaheadcount,andmake

sure

thatallemployeesandcustomersintheworkplacearesafelyshelteredorevacuated.2.Shelter/Evacuationplan:Makesurethatemployeesknowthebestresponsegiventhenatureofthedisaster.Iftheyneedtoshelter

in

place,youshouldhavedesignatedsafezones.Iftheyneedtoevacuate,youshouldhavepreparedregularlydrillstothedesignatedassembly

point.TextB指定協(xié)調(diào)設(shè)法保證保護(hù)，避難/疏散考慮到就地避難集合/集合點(diǎn)參考譯文??3.Emergencyresponsesupplies:Incaseemployeesdoneedtoshelterinplace,haveanaccessiblesupplyofflashlights,batteries,onegallonofwaterperemployee,non-perishablefood,amedical

kit,andemployees’emergencycontactinformation.4.Communicationchannel:Aftertheemergency,ifemployeeshaveevacuatedorotherwisedispersed,setaclearsystemforgatheringaheadcountandeveryone’ssafety.TextB可使用的不易壞的/藥箱，急救包分散參考譯文??5.Review/Practiceschedule:Reviewandupdateyourresponseplansasafullorganization(oroffice)annually.Thisincludesre-designatingemergencyresponseleaders,andgoingoverevacuationroutesandsupplystorage.Then,setaregulartimeforpracticingyourresponse(thesuggestedtimeiseverythreetosixmonths).TextB每年參考譯文?Youcanlearnallaboutpreparingyourworkplaceincaseofnaturaldisasters,aswellashowtospotriskfactorsforviolenceandcreateaculturethatmakessafetyapriority.Andifyoucan,helpdisasterrecoveryeffortsbydonatingtotheRed

Cross

Society

of

Chinaoranynumberoforganizationsprovidingaidtothoseinneed.

Whileorganizations’preparationsareessential,personalpreparationsarenolessimportant.TextB注意到，發(fā)現(xiàn)優(yōu)先捐獻(xiàn)/中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)援助參考譯文??

Thoughnobodywakesupinthemorningeager

tofaceacrisis,theheadlinesofdailynewsreportscantellusthatcrisesmay(anddo!)comeoutofnowhere.Theyimpactorganizationsofallshapesandsizes,fromsmalllocaloperationstoglobalFortune500companiesandeverythinginbetween,th