絕密★考試結束前浙江省金蘭教育合作組織2024學年第一學期期中考試高一年級英語學科試題考生須知：1.本卷共8頁滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，在答題卷指定區域填寫班級、姓名、考場號、座位號及準考證號并填涂相應數字。3.所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷上無效。4.考試結束后，只需上交答題紙。選擇題部分第一部分：聽力（共兩節，20小題，每題1.5分，滿分30分）第一節聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whichplacedoestheman'steamget?A.Thefirst.B.Thesecond.C.Thethird.2.WhatisSarahdoing?A.Tryingonadress.B.Designingadress.C.Makingadress.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onabus.B.Inamuseum.C.Atabookstore.4.Whatwillthespeakersdothisweekend?A.Watchamovie.B.Seeaplay.C.Enjoyamusical.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Studyingspecies.B.Choosingacourse.C.Learningalanguage.第二節聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howlongdoesthewomanworkaday?A.About7hours.B.About9hours.C.About10hours.7.Whatdoesthewomandoeverymorning?A.Shewatchestelevision.B.Shetakesexercise.C.Shewalkstowork.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Atwhattimedoestheprogramstart?A.6:00p.m.B.7:00p.m.C.10:00p.m9.Whydoesthewomansuggestherstudentsseetheprogram?A.Becauseitisinteresting.B.Becausethehostisherbrother.C.Becauseitishelpfulfortheirscienceproject.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whycanthewomankeepslim?A.Sheseldomeatsmeat.B.Shegoesonadiet.C.Shedoesmuchexercise.11.Howoftendoesthebasketballclubmeet?A.Onceaweek.B.Oncetwoweeks.C.Onceamonth.12.WhatarethespeakersgoingtodoonSunday?A.Gotothegym.B.Buyanexercisebike.C.Lookforrunningmachines.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdidPam'shobbyusetobe?A.Cycling.B.Boating.C.Horseriding.14.WhichpartofPam'sbodyisbadlyhurt?A.Herarms.B.Herlegs.C.Herfoot.15.Whatwillthewomandointheafternoon?A.VisitPam.B.Buysomechocolate.C.Readmagazinesathome.16.WhatrelationisthemantoPam?A.Herclassmate.B.Herbrother.C.Herhusband.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whyisthespeakergivingthetalk?A.Towelcomenewstudents.B.Toinvitestudentstoaparty.C.Tocorrectthemistakesininvitations.18.Whatwillbeheldtowelcomenewstudents?A.Alunchparty.B.Adancingparty.C.Adinnerparty.19.Howlongwillthepartylast?A.Threehours.B.Fourhours.C.Sevenhours.20.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutSmithStreet?A.Itisverylong.B.Itiscrowded.C.Itisunderrepair.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節，20小題，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAmazingscience-inspiredtoursJoinusinamazingscience-inspiredtoursacrosstheglobewithexpertsonboardandinthecompanyoffellowtravelerswhoenjoythediscoveryofscience.NewZealand1November2024|8daysDiscovertheamazinganddiverselandscapesofNewZealand,thatovermillionsofyearshavebeenshapedbyforcesdeepwithintheearth.ExploreNorthIsland’skeygeologicalregionsincludingIslandvolcano,Waitomocaves.Meetlocalexpertsalongthewayandenjoylecturesfromscienceexperts.CostaRica6November2024|13daysThistourwillcoverawealthoffascinatingecosystems,includingwetlands,mainrainforests,volcaniczonesandallkindsoflifeinseareservesandnationalparks.ExploresomeofCostaRica'samazinghighlightsfromwanderingthroughthehistoricstreetsofSanJose,walkinghighupalongMonteverde'sskywalktrailsthroughthecloudforestandfeelingthestrengthoftheArenalVolcano.Peru17September2024|10daysImmerseyourselfintheIncacivilization’smostimportantarchaeologicalsites,includingMachuPicchuasyoudiscoverhowthestoryoftheIncasissomuchmorethanMachuPicchu.ExplorethescienceandhistorywhileexploringthebeautifulSacredValley.Spendtimeexploringthemuseums,archaeologicalremainsandbeautifulSpanishbuildingsandtravelthroughthespectacularlandscapesoftheSacredValley.Norway18October2024|13daysJoinourseaexpeditionexploringthenorthernmostregionofEarth,theareaofthepolarbearandthemidnightsun.Gainwideknowledgeofseaandpolarnaturewhiledeepeningyourconnectiontothisremoteandruggedarchipelago.AccompaniedbyNewScientist'sRowanHooperalongwithhighlyknowledgeableandsupportiveexpeditionteam,expertsinexplorationscience,andwildlife.1.Whichtourwillyoujoinifyouareinterestedinbothseaandpolarnature?A.Peru. B.Norway. C.NewZealand. D.CostaRica.2.Whatdothefourtourshaveincommon?A.AllofthetourswillbetakeninNovember.B.Allofthetourswillbeguidedbyscientists.C.Allofthetoursaretohavescience-relatedexploration.D.Allofthetourswillinvolvetheexperienceofvisitingvolcano.3.Whereisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Anencyclopedia.C.Asciencenewspaper. D.Ageographytextbook.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要詳細介紹了一系列以科學為主題的特色旅行活動，包括每個目的地的特色、旅行時長以及可以體驗的活動，以吸引潛在的游客。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章Norway部分中的“JoinourseaexpeditionexploringthenorthernmostregionofEarth,theareaofthepolarbearandthemidnightsun.Gainwideknowledgeofseaandpolarnaturewhiledeepeningyourconnectiontothisremoteandruggedarchipelago.(加入我們的海上探險，探索地球最北端的地區，這里是北極熊和午夜太陽的家園。在加深對這片偏遠而崎嶇群島的聯系的同時，廣泛了解海洋和極地自然)”可知，如果你對海洋和極地自然都感興趣，那么挪威之旅是合適的選擇。故選B。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章標題“Amazingscience-inspiredtours(神奇的科學之旅)”及第一段“Joinusinamazingscience-inspiredtoursacrosstheglobewithexpertsonboardandinthecompanyoffellowtravelerswhoenjoythediscoveryofscience.(與我們一同踏上全球范圍內的神奇科學靈感之旅吧！此次旅行有專家隨行，還有同樣熱愛科學探索的旅伴相伴)”可知，這四個旅行團都將進行與科學相關的探索。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章標題“Amazingscience-inspiredtours(神奇科學之旅)”及文章內容可知，文章詳細介紹了四個不同國家的旅行團，包括時間、地點、活動內容和特色，這些都是旅行手冊中常見的信息，旨在吸引潛在游客。故選A。BIthasbeensevenmonthssinceSierraRobertssetsail--oractuallyboardedaplane--forayear-longadventureinthesmallColombiantownofSantaRosadeCabalinSouthAmerica.HertravelsarepartoftheRotaryYouthExchange,availabletohighschoolstudentsinterestedinlivingandstudyingabroadforoneyear.SantaRosaisknownforitsrichagriculture.ButColombiawasn’tRoberts’firstpreferencefortheexchangeprogram.“I’vealwaysbeeninterestedinforeigncultures,seeingnewthingsandjustlearning,”Robertssaid.“Iwasalwayskindofdrawntotheideaofstudyingabroad.IactuallywantedtogotoSpain.”AssoonasRobertsarrivedinColombiainAugust,herpreconceptionsoftheSouthAmericancountryquicklychanged.RobertssaidColombiawasnothinglikewhatshehadexpected,makingthefirstfewmonthsadifficultadjustment.InanOct.21blogpost,Robertswrites,“Iwaslettingmyemotionsandthoughtsrunmeover.IrealizedthatIcan’texpectthiscountry,thistown,thesepeopletochangetoaccommodatemeandfixmyhomesickness—that’ssimplysillyandgoesagainstwhatexchangeisreallyabout.”ItwasthatmomentthatRobertssaideverythingaroundherchanged.Shestartedtograspthelanguage,allowinghertobettercommunicatewithherhostfamilyandpeersandevenleadinghertomakemorefriends.Sheevenstarteddreaminginthelanguage.“Ifeelmoregroundedherenow,”saidRoberts,whowillflybacktoIndianainmid-June.Whenshereturns,shewillpresentherexperiencetolocalRotaryclubs.4.WhydidSierraRobertsgotoSantaRosa?A.Togosightseeing. B.Topursueacareerinagriculture.C.Totakeanadventure. D.Tostudyasanexchangestudent.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“preconceptions”inparagraph3mean?AWorries. B.Expectations. C.Opportunities. D.Memories.6.HowdidRobertsfeelwhenshegottoColombia?A.Excited. B.Confused. C.Disappointed. D.Curious.7.WhatcanweinferaboutSierraRoberts?A.Shehasapositiveattitudetolife. B.Sheisgoodwithdifferentpeople.C.SheregretscomingtoSantaRosa. D.Sheisgoodatlearninglanguages.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了SierraRoberts參加扶輪社青年交流計劃，在哥倫比亞小鎮圣羅莎德卡瓦爾的所見所聞和所感，向讀者展示了她對異國文化的體驗和適應過程。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“HertravelsarepartoftheRotaryYouthExchange,availabletohighschoolstudentsinterestedinlivingandstudyingabroadforoneyear.(她的旅行是“扶輪社青年交流計劃”的一部分，該計劃面向對在國外生活和學習一年感興趣的高中生。)”可知，SierraRoberts去SantaRosa是作為交換生去學習的。故選D。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據劃線單詞下文“RobertssaidColombiawasnothinglikewhatshehadexpected,makingthefirstfewmonthsadifficultadjustment.(Roberts說，哥倫比亞與她之前的預期完全不同，這讓前幾個月的適應變得非常困難。)”可推測，Roberts在來之前對哥倫比亞有一定的預期或看法，而到達后這些預期迅速被改變。因此，劃線詞preconceptions為“預期”或“看法”之意。選項B“expectations(預期)”與此相符。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“AssoonasRobertsarrivedinColombiainAugust,herpreconceptionsoftheSouthAmericancountryquicklychanged.RobertssaidColombiawasnothinglikewhatshehadexpected,makingthefirstfewmonthsadifficultadjustment.(Roberts一到哥倫比亞（八月），她對這個南美國家的先入為主的觀念就迅速改變了。羅伯茨說，哥倫比亞與她的預期完全不同，這讓她在最初的幾個月里很難適應。)”可推測，Roberts到達哥倫比亞的時候，發現一切都和自己所認為的不太一樣，由此可知，Roberts此時感到失望。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“InanOct.21blogpost,Robertswrites,“Iwaslettingmyemotionsandthoughtsrunmeover.IrealizedthatIcan’texpectthiscountry,thistown,thesepeopletochangetoaccommodatemeandfixmyhomesickness—that’ssimplysillyandgoesagainstwhatexchangeisreallyabout.”(在10月21日的一篇博客文章中，Roberts寫道：“我讓我的情緒和想法控制了我。我意識到，我不能期望這個國家、這個小鎮、這些人會改變來適應我，并解決我的思鄉之情——這太傻了，也違背了交流項目的真正意義。”)”、第五段“ItwasthatmomentthatRobertssaideverythingaroundherchanged.Shestartedtograspthelanguage,allowinghertobettercommunicatewithherhostfamilyandpeersandevenleadinghertomakemorefriends.Sheevenstarteddreaminginthelanguage.(Roberts說，就在那一刻，她周圍的一切都改變了。她開始掌握語言，這使她能夠更好地與寄宿家庭和同齡人交流，甚至幫助她結交了更多的朋友。她甚至開始用這種語言做夢。)”可推測，面對困難時，Roberts沒有退縮，反而積極面對問題，解決問題，說明Roberts對生活有著積極的態度。故選A。CResearchershavedevelopedanewsoftrobotdesignthatconductsitselfwiththreebehavioursatthesametime:rolling(翻滾)forward,turninglikearecordandfollowingapaththatgoesaroundacentralpoint.Theequipment,whichoperateswithouthumanorcomputercontrol,holdspromisefordevelopingsoftrobotsthatcanbeusedtoAA-headandmapunknownenvironments.Thenewsoftrobotsarecalledtwistedring-bots(扭曲環機器人).Theyaremadeofsomethinglikearibbon(緞帶)andthenjoinedtogetherattheendtoformaring.Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.“Theribbonrollsonitshorizontalaxis(橫軸),givingtheringforwardstrength,”saysJieYin,aprofessorofmechanicalandaerospaceengineering.Thetwistedring-botalsoturnsalongitscentralaxis.Andasthetwistedring-botmovesforwardittravelsinapatharoundacentralpoint,basicallymovinginalargecircle.However,ifthetwistedring-botmeetsaboundary--likethewallofabox-itwilltravelalongtheboundary.Thetwistedring-botsareexamplesofequipmentwhosebehaviourisgovernedbyphysicalintelligence,meaningtheiractionsaredeterminedbytheirstructuraldesignandthematerialstheyaremadeof,ratherthanbeingdirectedbyacomputerorhuman.“Softroboticsisstillarelativelynewfield.”Yinsays.“Findingnewwaystocontrolthemovementofsoftrobotsinarepeatableandengineeredwaymovesthefieldforward.Andadvancingourunderstandingofwhatispossibleisexciting.”8.Whatmakestherobotrollfasterandfaster?A.Theribbon. B.Thecentralaxis.C.Thehighersurfacetemperature. D.Theshapeandmaterial.9.Howdoestheauthorintroducethenewsoftrobots?A.Byofferingreasonsandresults. B.Byquotingexperts’opinions.C.Bymakingsomecomparisons. D.Byexplainingtherobot’sworkingways.10.WhatisYin’sattitudetowardstwistedring-bots?A.Positive. B.Unclear. C.Negative. D.Doubtful.11.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutring-botsistrue?A.Thetwistedring-botsrequirehumanorcomputercontroltooperate.B.Thetwistedring-botsstopmovingwhentheyencounteraboundary.C.Thetwistedring-botscanonlyrollonsurfacesthatarebelow55degreesCelsius.D.Thebehaviorofthetwistedring-botsisdecidedbydesignandthematerials.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員開發的一種新的軟機器人設計——扭曲環機器人，詳細描述了其工作原理、行為特性以及所屬的技術領域。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.(當機器人被放置在至少55攝氏度的表面上（這個溫度高于周圍空氣的溫度）時，接觸表面的緞帶部分會變小，而暴露在空氣中的部分則不會。這會產生滾動運動：表面越熱，機器人滾動得越快。)”可知，更高的表面溫度是導致機器人滾動速度加快的直接原因。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.(當機器人被放置在至少55攝氏度的表面上（這個溫度高于周圍空氣的溫度）時，接觸表面的緞帶部分會變小，而暴露在空氣中的部分則不會。這會產生滾動運動：表面越熱，機器人滾動得越快。)”以及文章第四段“Thetwistedring-botalsoturnsalongitscentralaxis.Andasthetwistedring-botmovesforwardittravelsinapatharoundacentralpoint,basicallymovinginalargecircle.(扭曲環機器人還會沿著其中心軸旋轉。當扭曲環機器人向前移動時，它會沿著一個以中心點為路徑的圓周運動，基本上是在一個大圓圈內移動。)”，可知，作者詳細描述了新型軟機器人的工作原理和行為特性來介紹新型機器人。故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段““Softroboticsisstillarelativelynewfield.”Yinsays.“Findingnewwaystocontrolthemovementofsoftrobotsinarepeatableandengineeredwaymovesthefieldforward.Andadvancingourunderstandingofwhatispossibleisexciting.”(“軟機器人學仍然是一個相對新的領域。”Yin說。“找到以可重復和工程化的方式控制軟機器人運動的新方法將推動該領域的發展。而對我們所能實現的可能性有更深入的理解，這是令人興奮的。”)”可知，Yin對扭曲環機器人和軟機器人學領域的積極態度。故選A。【11題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章倒數第二段“Thetwistedring-botsareexamplesofequipmentwhosebehaviourisgovernedbyphysicalintelligence,meaningtheiractionsaredeterminedbytheirstructuraldesignandthematerialstheyaremadeof,ratherthanbeingdirectedbyacomputerorhuman.(扭曲環機器人是物理智能控制行為的設備的一個例子，這意味著它們的行為是由其結構設計和所用材料決定的，而不是由計算機或人類指揮的。)”可知，扭曲環機器人的行為是由其設計和材料決定的。故選D。DYou’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmanysculptures(雕塑)outofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsourceofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(說明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(傾倒)fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.12.WhatisthemainpurposeofBenjaminVonWong’sartprojects?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin. B.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.C.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts. D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.13.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling. B.Tofindareplacementforthem.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart. D.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.14.Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?A.Calming. B.Refreshing. C.Disturbing. D.Challenging.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Artists’OpinionsonPlasticSafety B.MediaInterestinModernArtC.OceanPlasticsChangedintoSculptures D.BigCompanies’Responsibility【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要通過介紹藝術家BenjaminVonWong利用塑料垃圾制作雕塑的行為和目的，以及相關的塑料污染數據，旨在提高讀者對塑料污染問題的認識，并呼吁大家減少使用一次性塑料制品，共同保護海洋環境。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Hebuildsmanysculptures(雕塑)outofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.(他用塑料垃圾制作了許多雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視自己與一次性塑料產品的關系。)”可知，BenjaminVonWong的藝術項目的主要目的是引起公眾對塑料垃圾問題的關注。故選B。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsourceofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.(塑料吸管絕不是塑料污染的最大來源，但最近它們卻備受指責，因為大多數人根本不需要用吸管來喝東西，而且由于其體積小、重量輕，它們無法被回收。)”可知，作者討論塑料吸管是為了展示它們回收的困難。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(說明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(傾倒)fromatruckallatonce.(在2018年的一件作品中，VonWong想說明一個具體的數據：每60秒，就有一輛卡車滿載的塑料垃圾進入海洋。為了這件名為“滿載塑料的卡車”的作品，VonWong和一群志愿者收集了10,000多件塑料制品，然后將它們綁在一起，看起來就像是一次性從卡車上傾倒下來的。)”可知，“TruckloadofPlastic”這個作品對觀眾的影響是令人不安的。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmanysculptures(雕塑)outofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.(你或許已經聽說過塑料正在污染海洋——每年有480萬至1270萬噸塑料垃圾進入海洋生態系統。但是，一根塑料吸管或一個塑料杯真的會產生影響嗎？藝術家BenjaminVonWong想讓你知道，它們確實會產生影響。他用塑料垃圾制作了許多雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視自己與一次性塑料產品的關系。)”以及全文內容可知，文章主要講述了藝術家BenjaminVonWong將海洋中的塑料垃圾變成雕塑，以此來提醒人們塑料污染的問題。故選C。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項是多余項。Howwefeelaboutourselvescaninfluencehowweliveourlives.Peoplewithgoodself-esteem(自尊心)havebetterrelationships.___16___Peoplewhobelievetheycanachievegoalsandsolveproblemsaremorelikelytodowellinschool.Havinggoodself-esteemallowsyoutoacceptyourselfandlivelifetothefullest.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourself-esteem,herearesomesteps:●Viewmistakesaschancestolearn.Acceptthatyouwillmakemistakesaseveryonedoes.Mistakesarepartoflearning.●Trytostopthinkingnegativethoughtsaboutyourself.Ifyou’reusedtofocusingonyourweakness,startthinkingaboutthepositiveaspectsofyourselfthatoutweighthem.___17___●Trynewthings.Experimentwithdifferentactivitiesthatwillhelpyougetintouchwithyourtalents.Thentakeprideinnewskillsyoudevelop.●___18___Ifyourealizethatyou’reunhappywithsomethingaboutyourselfthatyoucanchange,thenstarttoday.Ifit’ssomethingyoucan’tchange(likeyourheight),thenstarttoworktowardlovingyourselfthewayyouare.●Takeprideinyouropinionsandideas.Don’tbeafraidtovoicethem.●Makeacontribution.Tutoraclassmatewho’shavingtrouble.___19___Or,volunteeryourtimeinsomeotherway.Feelinglikeyou’remakingadifferenceandthatyourhelpisvaluedcandowonderstoimproveself-esteem.Self-esteemplaysaroleinalmosteverythingyoudo.___20___Butonceyoudo,it’saskillyou’llhaveforlife.A.Offertocleanupyourneighborhood.B.Avoidcomparingyourselftoothers.C.Aimforachievementsratherthanperfection.D.Ittakessomeworktodevelopgoodself-esteem.E.Recognizewhatyoucanchangeandwhatyoucan’t.F.Eachday,writedownthreethingsaboutyourselfthatmakeyouhappy.G.They’remorelikelytoaskforhelpandsupportfromfriendsandfamilywhentheyneedit.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.A20.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了自尊心對我們生活的影響，以及如何培養和提高自尊心。【16題詳解】根據空前內容“Peoplewithgoodself-esteem(自尊心)havebetterrelationships.(自尊心強的人有更好的人際關系。)”以及空后“Peoplewhobelievetheycanachievegoalsandsolveproblemsaremorelikelytodowellinschool.(相信自己能夠實現目標和解決問題的人在學校更有可能表現出色。)”可知，空處需要承上啟下，既要承接上文關于自尊心強的人的正面特點，又要引出下文關于自尊心如何影響個人表現的內容。選項G“They’remorelikelytoaskforhelpandsupportfromfriendsandfamilywhentheyneedit.(當他們需要幫助時，他們更有可能向朋友和家人尋求幫助和支持)”與上文內容銜接，進一步說明了自尊心強的人在遇到困難時會積極尋求幫助，這種積極的態度有助于他們在生活和學業上取得成功，符合語境。故選G。【17題詳解】根據空前內容“Trytostopthinkingnegativethoughtsaboutyourself.Ifyou’reusedtofocusingonyourweakness,startthinkingaboutthepositiveaspectsofyourselfthatoutweighthem.(試著停止對自己的負面想法。如果你習慣于關注自己的弱點，那就開始想想那些超過它們的積極方面。)”可知，上文提到了停止負面想法，開始想想積極方面。選項F“Eachday,writedownthreethingsaboutyourselfthatmakeyouhappy.(每天寫下三件讓你開心的事情。)”自然延續上文內容，指出多想想積極的內容，每天寫下三件讓自己開心的事情。故選F。【18題詳解】空處為本段小標題，為本段主要內容。根據下文“Ifyourealizethatyou’reunhappywithsomethingaboutyourselfthatyoucanchange,thenstarttoday.Ifit’ssomethingyoucan’tchange(likeyourheight),thenstarttoworktowardlovingyourselfthewayyouare.(如果你意識到你對自己身上某些可以改變的事情不滿意，那就從今天開始改變。如果它是你無法改變的事情（比如你的身高），那就開始努力接受現在的自己。)”可知，本段主要講述了要認清自己能改變的和不能改變的，然后采取相應的行動。因此，選項E“Recognizewhatyoucanchangeandwhatyoucan’t.(認清你能改變的和不能改變的)”能夠準確地概括下文的內容。故選E。【19題詳解】根據空前內容“Makeacontribution.Tutoraclassmatewho’shavingtrouble.(做出貢獻。輔導有困難同學。)”可知，上文建議我們幫助有困難的同學。選項A“Offertocleanupyourneighborhood.(主動提出清理你的社區)”與上文內容一致，共同指出我們可以做出貢獻。故選A。【20題詳解】根據上文“Self-esteemplaysaroleinalmosteverythingyoudo.(自尊心幾乎在你所做的每一件事中都起著作用。)”可知，自尊心很重要。選項D“Ittakessomeworktodevelopgoodself-esteem.(培養良好的自尊心需要一些努力。)”自然延續上文內容，指出自尊心很重要，培養自尊心需要一些努力。從而自然引出下文“Butonceyoudo,it’saskillyou’llhaveforlife.(但一旦你學會了，這將是一項終生的技能。)”故選D。第三部分：語言知識運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Onacoldwintermorning,anoldmansatawkwardlyagainstawallatSydney’sCircularQuaystation.Iglancedforamomentbut___21___himandwalkedontomyofficeasI___22___hewasaderelict(流浪漢).Onmywaybackthatafternoon,inthesameplaceIsawanambulanceandthemanwasbeing___23___bytwonurses.Hewasn’taderelictbutaworker,who___24___fellillonhiswaytowork.ShameshockedmewhenIrealizedthatsick,oldmanhadputupwiththe___25___oftheentireday.Heprobablyreachedouttopassers-byforhelp.Noonestopped.Noone___26___.Severalmonthslater,Iagain___27___anoldmanhalflyingonthefootpath.Caughtupinthe___28___rushofpeopletravelingtowork,Iwouldhave___29___himquicklyasIhaddonebefore.However,the____30____oftheoldWinterManforcedmetowalktothemanontheground,whowasdressedinsmartclothesbutlifeless.IbentdowntoaskifhewasOK.He____31____consciousness(意識)again,andtoldmehewasdiabetic(患糖尿病的)and____32____metocallanambulanceforhim,whichIdid.Veryweak,hesaidtome,inawhisper,“Nobodystopped.Thankyou.”Ilookedintohiseyesforamomentin____33____,butmuchwasspokenwithoutawordbeingsaid.Astheapproachingambulancesiren(鳴笛聲)announcedthearrivalofhelp,anumberof____34____rushedatme:sadnessfortheWinterManandreliefthatIdidn’twalkpastanotherpersonin____35____.Iwasamazedthatithadbeensoeasytobehelpful.21.A.recognized B.comforted C.understood D.ignored22.A.thought B.learned C.proved D.debated23.A.protected B.guided C.attended D.watched24.A.narrowly B.finally C.suddenly D.obviously25.A.adventure B.loneliness C.tiredness D.coldness26.A.waited B.saw C.knew D.cared27.A.gaveup B.cameacross C.lookedfor D.focusedon28.A.frequent B.usual C.formal D.gradual29.A.passed B.helped C.followed D.greeted30.A.behaviour B.comment C.impression D.memory31.A.gained B.quit C.lost D.attracted32.A.forced B.allowed C.commented D.asked33.A.annoyance B.excitement C.silence D.pain34.A.dreams B.emotions C.plans D.opinions35.A.fear B.action C.fact D.need【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.C25.D26.D27.B28.B29.A30.D31.A32.D33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在悉尼環形碼頭車站遇到的一位生病老人的故事，包括作者最初對老人的忽視、后來意識到老人并非流浪漢而是生病的工人、再次遇到類似情境時選擇伸出援手，以及作者對此事的反思和感受。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我匆匆一瞥，以為他是個流浪漢，便沒有理會，繼續朝辦公室走去。A.recognized認出；B.comforted安慰；C.understood理解；D.ignored忽視。根據空后“walkedontomyoffice”可知，作者并沒有理會這個老人，繼續朝辦公室走去。故選D。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我匆匆一瞥，以為他是個流浪漢，便沒有理會，繼續朝辦公室走去。A.thought想、認為；B.learned學習、了解；C.proved證明；D.debated辯論。根據上文“Iglancedforamomentbut___1___himandwalkedontomyoffice”可知，作者誤以為這位老人是個流浪漢。故選A。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那天下午，在我回來的路上，在同一個地方，我看到了一輛救護車，兩名護士正在照料那位老人。A.protected保護；B.guided引導；C.attended出席、照顧；D.watched看。根據空前“Isawanambulance”以及空后的“bytwonurses”可推測，兩位護士正在照顧這位老人。故選C。【24題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他并非流浪漢，而是一名工人，在去上班的路上突然生病了。A.narrowly勉強地；B.finally最后；C.suddenly突然；D.obviously顯然。根據空后的“onhiswaytowork”以及上文所提及的“Onacoldwintermorning,anoldmansatawkwardlyagainstawallatSydney’sCircularQuaystation.”可推測，這位老人是在去上班的路上突然生病了。故選C。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識到這位生病的老人一整天都在忍受寒冷時，我感到羞愧難當。A.adventure冒險；B.loneliness孤獨；C.tiredness疲倦；D.coldness寒冷。根據上文“Onacoldwintermorning,anoldmansatawkwardlyagainstawallatSydney’sCircularQuaystation.”可知，事情發生在一個寒冷的冬日。再根據上文內容可知，老人倚坐在一堵墻旁近一天才得到救助。因此可知，他忍受了一天的寒冷。故選D。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有人關心他。A.waited等待；B.saw看到；C.knew知道；D.cared關心。根據上文“Heprobablyreachedouttopassers-byforhelp.Noonestopped.”可知，并沒有人關心他。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：幾個月后，我又遇到了一位老人，他半躺在人行道上。A.gaveup放棄；B.cameacross偶遇；C.lookedfor尋找；D.focusedon專注于。根據空后“anoldmanhalflyingonthefootpath”可知，作者又偶遇了一個老人。故選B。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當時正值尋常的上班高峰期，人們行色匆匆，我本想像以前一樣快速走過。A.frequent頻繁的；B.usual通常的；C.formal正式的；D.gradual逐漸的。根據下文“Iwouldhave___9___himquicklyasIhaddonebefore.”可知，當時正值平時一樣的上班高峰期，人們行色匆匆。故選B。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當時正值尋常的上班高峰期，人們行色匆匆，我本想像以前一樣快速走過。A.passed通過；B.helped幫助；C.followed跟隨；D.greeted問候。根據上文“Iglancedforamomentbut___1___himandwalkedontomyofficeasI___2___hewasaderelict(流浪漢).”可知，作者以前遇到這樣的事情，會快速走過。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，那位冬日老人的記憶迫使我走向地上的老人，他穿著整潔的衣服，但毫無生氣。A.behavi