Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會(huì)意1．notionn．概念；觀點(diǎn)；看法2．hazardousadj.危險(xiǎn)的，不安全的3．shuttlen．航天飛機(jī)4．thespaceshuttle航天飛機(jī)5．excursionn．(有特定目的的)短途出行6．rekindlev．重新激起，重新喚起7．instantaneouslyadv.瞬間地8．lifelikeadj.(圖畫、模型等)生動(dòng)的，逼真的9．telescopen．望遠(yuǎn)鏡10．thenakedeye肉眼11．a(chǎn)nglev．斜置12．galaxyn．星系13．cosmicadj.宇宙的14．conceivablyadv.可以相信地；可想象地15．subatomicadj.亞原子的；原子內(nèi)的16．particlen．粒子17．musclen．肌肉18．peppern．胡椒粉19．discn．激光唱片；光碟，光盤Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——記形1．shadown．壞影響，陰影2．screamv．(因疼痛、驚恐、興奮等)尖聲大叫3．crewn．(飛機(jī)上的)全體機(jī)組人員4．a(chǎn)wesomeadj.很好的，了不起的5．straightforwardadj.簡單的6．self-disciplinen．自我約束，自律7．fetchv．(去)拿來8．sneezev．打噴嚏Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．unexceptionaladj.平常的→exceptionaladj.例外的；獨(dú)特的；杰出的→exceptprep.除……外→exceptionn．例外2．tragicallyadv.悲慘地，不幸地→tragicadj.悲慘的，悲痛的→tragedyn．悲劇；不幸；災(zāi)難3．suspendv．暫停，中止；懸；掛→suspensionn．停職；暫停；中止；懸浮4．simulatedadj.模仿的，模擬的，仿真的→simulatev．模擬；假裝；冒充→simulatorn．(用于人員訓(xùn)練的)模擬裝置，模擬器5．submitv．提交；呈遞；屈服→submissionn．提交(物)；呈遞(物)；屈服6．invisibleadj.看不見的→visibleadj.看得見的→visionn．視野；視力1．convict/k?n'vIkt/vt.定罪convictsbof宣判某人有(某)罪2．guilt/ɡIlt/n．罪行；犯罪；內(nèi)疚3．scan/sk?n/vt.審視vi.&vt.粗略地讀；掃描(文件)4．sophisticated/s?'fIstIkeItId/adj.見多識廣的；精密的；在行的5.stab/st?b/vt.(用刀)刺、捅6．bringalong把(某人或某物)帶來7．blur/bl??(r)/vi.&vt.(使)變得模糊不清；(使)難以區(qū)分n．模糊形狀；模糊的記憶8．dweller/'dwel?(r)/n．居民；居住者9．remedy/'rem?di/n．解決方法；補(bǔ)償；治療vt.改正；糾正；改進(jìn)10．undertake/??nd?'teIk/vt.(undertook/-'t?k/，undertaken/-'teIk?n/)承擔(dān)；從事；承諾11．heal/hi?l/vt.&vi.(使)康復(fù)；治愈12．spoil/sp?Il/vt.&vi.(spoilt/sp?Ilt/，spoiltorspoiled/sp?Ild/，spoiled)破壞；寵壞Ⅳ.背核心短語1．becomeaccustomedto習(xí)慣于(做)某事2．castashadowon/over給……蒙上陰影3．setfooton踏上，登上4．one’sheartinone’smouth心提到嗓子眼5．takeoff起飛；脫下；突然成功6．tunein收看；收聽7．wavetosb向某人揮手8．reachforthestars有九天攬?jiān)轮荆慌ν瓿蓧雅e9．signupfor報(bào)名參加10．workout計(jì)算出；解決；鍛煉11．beengagedin忙于；從事12．becomposedof由……組成13．beinvisibleto無法被……看到14．one’squestfor對……的追求/追索Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式1．FollowingtheshockoftheChallengerdisaster，spaceshuttleflightsweresuspendedfornearlythreeyearswhilethecauseofthedisasterwasinvestigated，andsomeoftheshuttle’scomponentswereredesigned.(while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句)“挑戰(zhàn)者”號令人震驚的災(zāi)難發(fā)生后，航天飛機(jī)航行中止了近三年時(shí)間，同時(shí)調(diào)查事故原因，重新設(shè)計(jì)飛行器的部分零件。2．Buttherewasneveranydoubtthatmannedflightswouldcontinue.(thereisneveranydoubtthat...)但是毫無疑問，載人飛行將繼續(xù)下去。3．Soon，itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.(itbe＋v.-ed＋that...)很快，人們認(rèn)識到，太陽只是我們稱之為“銀河系”的星系中數(shù)十億顆恒星中的一顆。4．Nothinginhistoryhasallowedustoseesomuchoversuchgreatdistances，fromenormouscloudsofgaswherestarsarebeingborn，tohugeblackholes，andeventonewplanetswherewemightconceivablyfindlife.(where引導(dǎo)定語從句)它讓我們史無前例地看到了如此遙遠(yuǎn)的景觀——從星體誕生的巨大氣體云團(tuán)，到巨型黑洞，甚至到可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)生命跡象的新行星。5．The500-metredishofthe“EyeofHeaven”，asitisknown，isbeingusedinthesearchfordarkmatter，thoughttobecomposedofsubatomicparticlesinvisibletoordinarytelescopes.(形容詞短語作后置定語)眾所周知，這個(gè)被稱為“天眼”的500米口徑巨盤用于探尋暗物質(zhì)。暗物質(zhì)被認(rèn)為由亞原子粒子組成，一般望遠(yuǎn)鏡是觀測不到的。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共10分)1．telescopen．望遠(yuǎn)鏡2．conceivablyadv.可以相信地；可想象地3．notionn．概念；觀點(diǎn)；看法4．hazardousadj.危險(xiǎn)的，不安全的5．lifelikeadj.(圖畫、模型等)生動(dòng)的，逼真的6．thenakedeye肉眼7．galaxyn．星系8．rekindlev．重新激起，重新喚起9．subatomicadj.亞原子的；原子內(nèi)的10．discn．激光唱片；光碟，光盤Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(每小題2分，共10分)1．crewn．(飛機(jī)上的)全體機(jī)組人員2．a(chǎn)wesomeadj.很好的，了不起的3．screamv．(因疼痛、驚恐、興奮等)尖聲大叫4．sneezev．打噴嚏5．fetchv．(去)拿來Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題3分，共18分)1．submitv．提交；呈遞；屈服→submissionn．提交(物)；呈遞(物)；屈服2．tragicallyadv.悲慘地，不幸地→tragicadj.悲慘的，悲痛的→tragedyn．悲劇；不幸；災(zāi)難3．suspendv．暫停，中止；懸；掛→suspensionn．停職；暫停；中止；懸浮4．unexceptionaladj.平常的→exceptionaladj.例外的；獨(dú)特的；杰出的→exceptprep.除……外→exceptionn．例外5．invisibleadj.看不見的→visibleadj.看得見的→visionn．視野；視力6．simulatedadj.模仿的，模擬的，仿真的→simulatev．模擬；假裝；冒充→simulatorn．(用于人員訓(xùn)練的)模擬裝置，模擬器Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．guiltn．罪行；犯罪；內(nèi)疚2．scanvt.審視vi.&vt.粗略地讀；掃描(文件)3．undertakevt.承擔(dān)；從事；承諾4．healvt.&vi.(使)康復(fù)；治愈5．spoilvt.&vi.破壞；寵壞Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題2.5分，共15分)1．signupfor報(bào)名參加2．becomposedof由……組成3．one’squestfor對……的追求/追索4．wavetosb向某人揮手5．beinvisibleto無法被……看到6．workout計(jì)算出；解決；鍛煉Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題3分，共12分)1．Wenormallyrespondtoarticlesubmissionsthataresubmittedwithinsixweeks.(submit)2．Tragically，onedaywhileswimming，shewasdrowneddeepinthesea.Whatatragedy！(tragic)3．Allexceptionalexpertswithoutexceptionhaveparticipatedinthecompetition.(except)4．Theactivityhastobesuspendedduetosomethingunexpected，andnooneknowshowlongthesuspensionwilllast.(suspend)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題3分，共15分)eq\x(becomeaccustomedto，takeoff，castashadowon，setfooton，beengagedin)1．Livingherefortenyears，hehasbecomeaccustomedtothetropicalclimate.2．Theterriblecaraccidentthathappenedlastyearcastashadowonhisyoungmind.3．IrememberthetimewhenIfirstsetfootonthisnewland.HowexcitedandnervousIwas!4．Althoughyouareengagedinyourstudy，youshouldsetasidesometimetotakepartinsomeoutdooractivities.5．Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshavetakenoffthankstothecomfortableclimateforbusinesscreation.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題3分，共15分)1．他在值班期間認(rèn)真做好自己的工作，得到了大家的認(rèn)可。(while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句)Whilehewasonduty，hedidhispartconscientiously，gainingeveryone’srecognition.2．眾所周知，學(xué)好英語對我們大家都大有益處。(itbe＋v.-ed＋that...)Itiswidely/wellknownthatlearningEnglishwellwillbeofgreatbenefit/beverybeneficialtousall.3．這就是為什么我申請這份需要耐心和細(xì)心的工作。(where引導(dǎo)定語從句)ThisiswhyIapplyforthejobwherepatienceandcareareneeded.4．對于那些沒有意識到友誼的重要性的人來說，這是一本值得一讀的書。(形容詞短語作定語)Forthoseunawareoftheimportanceoffriendship，thisisabookworthreading.5．毫無疑問，中國在世界上扮演著極其重要的角色。(doubt＋同位語從句)Thereisnot/neveranydoubtthat/ThereisnodoubtthatChinaisplayingavitalroleintheworld.Atpresent，we1.havebecome(become)accustomedtoobservingthenightskywithatelescopeandmostofushavebeenawarethatitis2.anawesomeinvention.Withthe3.assistance(assist)ofit，wecanseenumberlessstarsinvisibletothenakedeye.4.However，ourquestisfarbeyondobservingthestars，andwehavebeentrying5.toexplore(explore)manygalaxiesintheuniverse.Oureffortsneversuspend，althoughthelossoftheChallengeroncecastashadow6.onourhearts.Withthepurposeofrekindlingyoungpupils’interestinspacetravel，thespaceshuttle7.took(take)offon28January1986.Butonlyaminutelater，itinstantaneouslyexplodedandthelivesofitscrewweretragicallycutshort,8.making(make)peoplescreamwithhorror.Allthecrewsacrificed,9.buttheirspiritswouldinspireustocontinuetoreachforthestars，howeverhazardousand10.distant(distance)theyare.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯suspendv．中止，暫停，推遲；懸，掛；使懸浮(suspensionn．停職；暫停，中止；懸浮)besuspendedfromone’sjob被停職besuspendedby被……懸掛(1)Ithinkhersuspension(suspend)fromtheteamisaveryharshpunishment.(2)Hewassuspendedbyhisfeetandbeatenwithmetalbars.(3)(應(yīng)用文寫作之安慰信)聽到你被停職的消息，我感到非常遺憾，我相信你可以證明自己的清白。IamterriblysorrytohearthatyouhavebeensuspendedfromyourjobandIdobelievethatyoucanproveyourinnocence.submitv．提交；呈遞；屈服[submissionn．屈服；提交(物)；呈遞(物)]submitsthtosb將某物提交給某人submit(oneself)to屈從于……(1)Submission(submit)mustbemadeintoasinglePDFnolargerthan10MBandnomorethaneighttotalpages.(2)(2022·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)大衛(wèi)擦掉眼淚，昂起頭，堅(jiān)定地說道：“我不會(huì)屈從于其他人的看法。”Davidwipedhistearsandheldhisheadhigh，remarkingdeterminedly，“Iwon’tsubmit(myself)toothers’thoughts.”(3)有興趣參加夏令營的同學(xué)，請于5月15日前向?qū)W生會(huì)辦公室提交申請表及相關(guān)材料。ThosewhoareinterestedinthesummercampmustsubmittheapplicationsandrelevantmaterialstotheOfficeoftheStudentAssociationbyMay15.be/get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth習(xí)慣于(做)某事(accustomedadj.習(xí)慣于；慣常的accustomvt.使習(xí)慣于)accustomsb/oneselfto(doing)sth使某人/自己習(xí)慣于(做)某事MrKingwasaccustomedtolivinginthecountrysideandfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.＝Accustomedtolivinginthecountryside，MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(用形容詞短語作狀語改寫)＝Accustominghimselftolivinginthecountryside，MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)castashadowon/over給……蒙上陰影castdown使失望；使沮喪(多用于被動(dòng)語態(tài))castout驅(qū)逐出去；趕走castoff擺脫掉；拋棄castaway使(船遇難后的幸存者)流落某處；扔掉；浪費(fèi)(多用于被動(dòng)語態(tài))用cast短語的正確形式填空(1)Youmustdevelopself-disciplineandcastoffallthesebadhabits.(2)Ifyouwerecastawayonadesertisland，whatwouldyoumissmost?(3)Tragically，thebusaccidentcastashadowon/overpeople’shearts.(4)(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)我的老師熱切地勸我說：“你只有全身心地投入寫作，才不會(huì)被打倒。”Myteachereagerlypersuadedme，“Youwon’tbecastdownonlyifyouthrowyourselfintowriting.”itbe＋v.-ed＋that...Soon，itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.很快，人們認(rèn)識到，太陽只是我們稱之為“銀河系”的星系中數(shù)十億顆恒星中的一顆。it作形式主語而that從句是真正主語的常見句式有：Itbe＋過去分詞＋that從句Itbe＋名詞詞組/adj.＋that從句It＋特殊動(dòng)詞(seem/turnout/occurtosb/...)＋that從句(1)Ithasbeenannouncedthatanothermannedspaceshuttlewillbesentupintospacenextyear.(2)ItisconvenientthatwecansubmitpaymentsonlinethroughnetworkbanksofWechat.(3)他突然想到，第二天早上他有一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議要參加。Itoccurredtohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.(4)(2022·浙江6月，讀后續(xù)寫)我不禁驚呼：“原來還有很多人在挨餓。我們有責(zé)任把我們的善意和慷慨傳遞給他們。”Icouldn’thelpexclaiming，“Itturnsoutthattherearestillmanypeoplesufferingfromhunger.Itisourduty/responsibilitythatwepassonourkindnessandgenerositytothem.”用法點(diǎn)撥在英語中，形式主語或形式賓語一般用it，而不用this，that或其他代詞。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．shadoweq\x(A.影子B.昏暗處；背光處C.壞影響D.少許；一丁點(diǎn))(1)IthoughtIsawafigurestandingintheshadows.B(2)Theshadowslengthenedasthesunwentdown.A(3)Thenewleaderwantstoescapefromtheshadowofhispredecessor.C(4)Sheknewbeyondashadowofadoubtthathewaslying.D2．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思(1)Anotablequestioniswhethertheycantackletheawesometask.艱難的(2)Annaangledhercameratowardsthetree.斜移Ⅱ.核心知識強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語言知識1．OnceIthrewmyselfintoit，Ihadnodifficultyinworkingouttheproblem.2.Thinkingtwice，Idecidedtosignupforthebasketballteam.3．Atthesightofthemonster，hesteppedbackwardandmadeagetaway，screaming(scream)withterror.4．Davewassuspendedfromschoolandwasunderinvestigationbecausehebroketheschoolrules.5.Furthermore，Ihaveaccustomedtoliving(live)aloneinthisbigcity.6．Thereisneveranydoubtthathowancientpyramidswerebuiltisamysteryforhumanbeings.學(xué)校英文報(bào)征稿：給中國空間站TiangongSpaceStation航天員們的一封信。假設(shè)你是李華，請你寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.對他們?yōu)樘帐聵I(yè)做出的成就感到驕傲；2.詢問空間站上生活、工作情況；3.表達(dá)關(guān)心和祝愿。完成句子1．你們之所以在中國的太空探索中取得非凡的成就，就是因?yàn)槟銈儚牟幌蚶щy屈服。(Thereasonwhy...isthat；submitoneselfto)2．你們習(xí)慣失重的環(huán)境了嗎？(beaccustomedto)3．如果你們因?yàn)橄肽罴胰硕趩剩銈儠?huì)怎么做？(castdown)4．事實(shí)上，我們所有的學(xué)生都對你們在“天宮課堂”上的互動(dòng)印象深刻，所以我不禁欽佩你們的開拓性工作，想知道成為一名合格的航天員需要什么。(Itisafactthat；現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)5．我深信中國永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)中止太空探索，未來我們可以取得更多成就。(suspend)組句成篇把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文Dearastronauts，ThereasonwhyyoumakeremarkableaccomplishmentsinChina’sspaceexpeditionsisthatyouneversubmityourselvestodifficulties.AndIamwritingtoenquireaboutyourcurrentsituation.Haveyoubeenaccustomedtotheweightlessenvironment？Besides，ifyouarecastdownbecauseofmissingyourfamily，whatwillyoudo？Itisafactthatallofusstudentsareimpressedbyyourinteractionin“TiangongClass”，soIcannothelpadmiringyourpioneeringwork，wonderingwhatittakestobeaqualifiedastronaut.IamgreatlyconvincedthatChinawillneversuspendexploringspaceandwecanachievemoreinthefuture.Wishyouasuccessfulmissionandacomfortablejourney!Yoursfaithfully，LiHua教材語料整合亮詞[動(dòng)作描寫]becomeaccustomedto；rekindle；castashadowon；scream；suspend；submit；angle；fetch；sneeze美句1.Millionswatchedthatfirstlunarlandingonblackandwhitetelevisionsets，theirheartsintheirmouths，awareofhowarduousandhazardousanundertakingitwas，andofthemanythingsthatcouldgowrong.(心理描寫)2．Theworldwentintoshock，mostpeoplehavingassumedthatthisspaceflightwouldbenomoredangerousthantravellinginanaeroplane.Howwrongtheyhadbeen！Instantaneously，excitementandoptimismturnedintoterrorandfailure.Itwasthemostdisastrousspaceaccidentever，anditcastashadowonpeople’shearts.(心理描寫)3．Wehadseenthesmilingfacesoftheastronautswavingtotheworldastheysteppedintotheshuttle.(動(dòng)作描寫)拓展語料積累主題語境結(jié)尾升華技巧：脫困類脫困類讀后續(xù)寫常常涉及危險(xiǎn)的情節(jié)，如火災(zāi)、在森林遇到猛獸、在森林迷路等。此類主題可采用下列升華訣竅：訣竅一：經(jīng)歷＋感悟Thatdaywassounforgettablethatitwouldbeengravedinmymindforever.那一天是如此難忘，它將被永遠(yuǎn)刻在我的腦海里。訣竅二：名言/句型＋感悟OnlythenwasIawarethatitwascouragethatenabledustoovercomewhateverhardshipswecameacross.直到那時(shí)我才意識到，是勇氣使我們能夠克服我們遇到的任何困難。Withjointeffortswefinallyachievedourgoal.Justastheoldsayinggoes，“Wherethere’sawill，there’saway.”在大家的共同努力下，我們終于達(dá)成了目標(biāo)。正如那句老話所說：“有志者，事竟成。”語料運(yùn)用探索火星Whenmyfriend，anastronomer，askedmewhichplanetIwouldliketogoto.I①screamedatthetopofmyvoice，“Mars！”Butmyfriendsaid，“Therearestillmanychallengeswaitingtobesolved.Withthetemperaturebeingabove－60℃，nowwecan’tgotoMars.”②Iwascastdown.Myfriendadded，“③Onlyifwedon’tsubmitourselvestodifficultiescanweachieveourgoal(倒裝句)．④Justasanoldsayinggoes，wherethere’sawill，there’saway(升華句)．”Hearingthis，thehopeinmyheartroseagain.當(dāng)我的朋友，一名天文學(xué)家，問我想去哪顆行星。我用最大的聲音叫道：“火星！”但是我的朋友說：“仍然有許多等待解決的問題。由于溫度在零下60度，現(xiàn)在我們不能去火星。”我很失望。我的朋友補(bǔ)充道：“只有我們不屈服于困難我們才能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。正如諺語所說，有志者事竟成。”聽到這些話，我心中的希望又升了起來。高考題型組合練42提示：帶★的文章和單元主題相關(guān)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(★)Forchildren，spaceismagical—awholeworldisoutthere，withsomanythingstolearnandstoriestoread.Herearesomechildren’sbooksaboutspaceandthesolarsystem.MaeamongtheStarsbyStasiaBurringtonThisbeautifullyillustratedpicturebookisattractivetoyoungkids.ItwasinspiredbythefirstAfricanAmericanwomaninspace，MaeJemison.IttellsthestoryofMaeasalittlegirl，whoalwaysknewshehadbigdreamsaboutspace.Thisisagreatadditiontoayoungkid’scollection，asaremindertoholdtighttodreamsandnevergiveup.SpacebyLibbyJacksonThisbeautifullyillustratedbookgiveskidsalookat50womenfromaroundtheworldwhowereinvolvedinexploringspaceinsomeway，fromthe19thcenturytothepresentday.Thisisaperfectgiftforyoungkidswhowanttoknowmoreaboutsomeofthelesser-knownscientificachievementsrelatedtospaceexploration.ChasingSpacebyLelandMelvinThisisMelvin’sstoryaboutbeingafootballplayer-turned-astronaut，alongwithhisrecoveryfromaninjurythatnearlylefthimdeaf.Kidswilllovereadinghisstoryabouthowhefacedchallengesandadvancedahead，andhealsoincludesDIYexperimentsforkidstotry，andasectionoffull-colorphotographs.SystemandBeyondbyDavidA．AguilarThebookisfullofbeautifulillustrationsofspace，andisperfectforkidsofallages，exploringvariousplanetsandthesolarsystem.Unlikeotherkids’spacebook，thisisaNationalGeographicbookwrittenandillustratedbyanaward-winningastronomerandspaceartist.AguilarisalsotheformerDirectorofScienceInformationandPublicOutreachattheHarvard-SmithsonianCenterforAstrophysics.語篇解讀本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本關(guān)于太空和太陽系的兒童讀物。1．WhatdoMaeamongtheStarsandSpacehaveincommon?A．Theyincludeless-knownastronauts.B．Theytellaboutscientists’childhood.C．Theycoverwomenexploringspace.D．Theyaresuitableforchildrenofallages.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)MaeamongtheStarsbyStasiaBurrington部分的“ItwasinspiredbythefirstAfricanAmericanwomaninspace，MaeJemison.”和SpacebyLibbyJackson部分的“This...bookgiveskidsalookat50womenfromaroundtheworldwhowereinvolvedinexploringspace...”可知，兩本書的共同之處是它們都涉及探索太空的女性。故選C。2．Whosebookattractschildrenshowinginterestinexperiments?A．StasiaBurrington’s.B．LibbyJackson’s.C．LelandMelvin’s.D．DavidA．Aguilar’s.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)ChasingSpacebyLelandMelvin部分的“...healsoincludesDIYexperimentsforkidstotry...”可知，對實(shí)驗(yàn)感興趣的孩子會(huì)被LelandMelvin的書吸引。故選C。3．WhatisuniquetoSystemandBeyond?A．Ithasbeautifulpictures.B．Ittellsaboutspaceartists.C．Ithaswonmanygrandawards.D．Itwaswrittenbyanastronomer.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SystemandBeyondbyDavidA．Aguilar部分的“Unlikeotherkids’spacebook...writtenandillustratedbyanaward-winningastronomerandspaceartist.”可知，這本書的獨(dú)特之處是作者本人的身份是天文學(xué)家。故選D。B(★)Hopingtoliveonthemoononeday?Yourchancesjustgotatinybitbetter.Researchersfoundthatlunarpitsandcavesreachstabletemperatures，makingthempotentiallysuitableforhumanlife.PlanetaryscientistsattheUniversityofCalifornia，LosAngeleshavebeendoingtheresearch.Althoughmuchofthemoon’ssurfacetemperaturerangesfromashighas260degreesduringthedaytoaslowas280degreesbelowzeroatnight，themoonhaspitsandcaveswheretemperaturesstayatroughly63degreesFahrenheit，makinghumanhabitationapossibility，accordingtotheirnewresearch.Forperspective，adayornightonthemoonequalsalittleovertwoweeksontheearth—makinglong-termresearchandhabitationdifficultwithsuchextremelyhotandcoldtemperatures.Researcherssaythesestablespotscouldtransformthefutureoflunarexplorationandlong-termhabitation.Theshadowedareasofthesepitscouldalsoofferprotectionfromharmfulelements，suchassolarradiation，universalraysandmicrometeorites(微小隕石)．About16oftheover200discoveredpitsmostlikelycomefromcollapsedlavatubes—tunnelsthatformfromcooledlavaorcrust，accordingtoTylerHorvath，aUCLAdoctoralstudentandheadoftheresearch.Theresearchersthinkoverhangsinsideoftheselunarpits，whichwereinitiallydiscoveredin2009，couldbethereasonforthestabletemperature.TheresearchteamalsoincludesUCLAprofessorsofplanetaryscienceDavidPaigeandPaulHayneattheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.“Humansevolvedlivingincaves，andtocaveswemightreturnwhenweliveonthemoon，”saidPaigeinaUCLApressrelease.Therearestillplentyofotherchallengestoestablishinganysortoflong-termhumanresidenceonthemoon—includinggrowingfoodandprovidingenoughoxygen.TheresearchersmadeclearthatNASAhasnoimmediateplanstoestablishabasecamporhabitationsthere.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)月球上的坑洞溫度穩(wěn)定，可能適合人類生活，但是目前還有很多挑戰(zhàn)，如種植食物和提供足夠的氧氣。4．Whatdidtheresearchersfind?A．Humanslikethelifeonthemoon.B．Peoplelivedinlunarpitsandcaves.C．Steadytemperatureexistssomewhereonthemoon.D．Temperaturesincavesandpitsvaryalotonthemoon.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Researchersfoundthatlunarpitsandcavesreachstabletemperatures，makingthempotentiallysuitableforhumanlife.”可知，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)月球存在溫度穩(wěn)定的坑洞。故選C。5．Whatdotheshadowedareasactasprotectionagainst?A．Solarheat.B．Harmfulliquids.C．Universalgases.D．Micrometeorites.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Theshadowedareasofthesepitscouldalsoofferprotection...raysandmicrometeorites(微小隕石)．”可知，月球上的坑洞的陰影區(qū)域可以抵擋微小隕石的傷害。故選D。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evolved”probablymeaninparagraph5?A．Appeared. B．Developed.C．Hunted. D．Escaped.答案B解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句“Humansevolvedlivingincaves，andtocaveswemightB。7．WhydoesNASAnotestablishanyhabitationonthemoonatpresent?A．Ithasnosuchplans.B．Foodtheretastesbad.C．Manychallengesexist.D．Thereisnooxygen.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段首句“Therearestillplentyofotherchallengestoestablishinganysortoflong-termhumanresidenceonthemoon—includinggrowingfoodandprovidingenoughoxygen.”可知，NASA目前沒有計(jì)劃在月球建立基地的原因是還有很多挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空(★)ForalittlegirlgrowingupinColombia，asciencecareerwithNASAmayseemimpossible.Trujillo，however，isanaerospace1wholeadsateamattheNASAlaboratory2fortheroboticarmofthelatestMarsrover(火星探測器)．HowdidTrujillogofromsimplydreamingabouttheuniverseto3exploringit?That’sataleof4writteninthestars.Bornin1983，evenasayounggirlTrujillowas5ofherpassionforscience.Butshedoubtedhowfarshe’dbeableto6inamale-dominatedfield.ThenherdadofferedtosendhertoMiami.Only17atthetime，she7theoffer.Trujillotookaseriesofhousekeeping8toputherselfthroughMiamiDadeCollege.Sometimesshewascleaningbathroomstohelppayherwaythroughher9.Butshedidn’t10.“Isaweverythingcomingmywayasanopportunity.”Thencameanotherlife-changingmoment.ShebecamethefirstHispanic(西班牙語國家的)womantobe11totheNASAAcademy.Later，shebecameanengineeratNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.ThisFebruary，whenthePerseverancerover12onthesurfaceofMars，itwas13bycommentary(解說)fromTrujilloinNASA’sfirst-everSpanish-language14.Trujillo’sownstoryis15thatjustbeyondthebarrierliesanentireuniverseofopportunitieswaitingforanyonewillingtoworkhardenoughtoreachforthestars.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Trujillo憑借努力和毅力一步步成為美國宇航局的工程師的故事。1．A.astronaut B．pilotC．engineer D．guide答案C解析根據(jù)第五段的“Later，shebecameanengineeratNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.”可知，Trujillo是一名工程師。故選C。2．A.eager B．responsibleC．concerned D．grateful答案B解析beresponsiblefor負(fù)責(zé)……。根據(jù)“l(fā)eadsateamattheNASAlaboratory”可知，此處指Trujillo領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)最新火星探測器的機(jī)械臂。故選B。3．A.actually B．hardlyC．a(chǎn)ccurately D．repeatedly答案A解析根據(jù)“gofromsimplydreamingabouttheuniverse”并結(jié)合她成為航天工程師可知，此處指Trujillo從夢想探索宇宙變成真正地探索宇宙。故選A。4．A.innovation B．kindnessC．passion D．sympathy答案C解析innovation創(chuàng)新；kindness善良；passion熱情；sympathy同情。根據(jù)下文“evenasayounggirlTrujillowasofherpassionforscience”可知，此處表達(dá)她的整個(gè)經(jīng)歷充滿了激情。故選C。5．A.certain B．a(chǎn)pprovedC．a(chǎn)fraid D．fond答案A解析根據(jù)上文“HowdidTrujillogofromsimplydreamingabouttheuniversetoexploringit？”可知，她一直夢想著探索宇宙，結(jié)合此句中的even可知，此處表示甚至在她還很小時(shí)，就確定了對科學(xué)的追求和喜愛。故選A。6．A.respond B．riseC．invest D．a(chǎn)pply答案B解析根據(jù)“inamale-dominatedfield”可知，在這樣一個(gè)男性主導(dǎo)的領(lǐng)域里，Trujillo不知道自己的努力和堅(jiān)持讓自己能走多遠(yuǎn)，地位能提高多少。故選B。7．A.madeup B．turnedupC．pickedup D．tookup答案D解析makeup編造；turnup出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大；pickup撿起，學(xué)會(huì)；takeup接受(建議或主意)。下文“toputherselfthroughMiamiDadeCollege”提到她在邁阿密上大學(xué)，所以此處表示她接受了爸爸讓她去邁阿密的提議。故選D。8．A.measures B．a(chǎn)ctivitiesC．jobs D．courses答案C解析根據(jù)“toputherselfthroughMiamiDadeCollege”可知，她給別人做家務(wù)活，也就是通過家務(wù)工作掙錢讓自己完成學(xué)業(yè)。故選C。9．A.studies B．purchasesC．recreations D．trips答案A解析根據(jù)“Sometimesshewascleaningbathrooms”可知，Trujillo通過打掃浴室掙錢幫助自己完成學(xué)業(yè)。故選A。10．A.clarify B．fearC．perceive D．complain答案D解析clarify闡明；fear害怕；perceive認(rèn)為；complain抱怨。根據(jù)“Isaweverythingcomingmywayasanopportunity”可知，她把遇到的一切都當(dāng)作機(jī)會(huì)，所以盡管學(xué)習(xí)很辛苦，但是她不抱怨。故選D。11．A.applied B．a(chǎn)dmittedC．a(chǎn)ssigned D．introduced答案B解析beadmittedto被……錄取。根據(jù)“Thencameanotherlife-changingmoment.”可知，Trujillo是被美國宇航局學(xué)院錄取，這是她人生的另一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。故選B。12．A.originated B．generatedC．landed D．waited答案C解析根據(jù)“onthesurfaceofMars”可知，此處表示“毅力號”在火星表面著陸。故選C。13．A.accompanied B．distractedC．estimated D．occupied答案A解析accompany陪伴，伴隨；distract分散；estimate估計(jì)；occupy占據(jù)。根據(jù)“bycommentary(解說)fromTrujilloinNASA’sfirst-everSpanish-language”可知，此處表示的是“毅力號”著陸時(shí)，同時(shí)伴隨著廣播中Trujillo的西班牙語的解說。故選A。14．A.theory B．broadcastC．comment D．performance答案B解析根據(jù)“itwasbycommentary(解說