Unit1TeenageLife

GrammarDiscoveringUsefulStructure再長的句子也是由這幾個要素構成：單詞（word）；短語(phrase)；分句(clause)；句子(sentence)短語分類Iwillbuyacoupleofbooksinthebookstore,whichisbesidemyschool.名詞短語（NP）動詞短語(VP)形容詞短語(adjP)副詞短語(advP)介詞短語(P.P)不同詞性的短語有自己的構成規則，熟悉規則可避免語法錯誤Improveadraft

Adjectivephrase(AdjP)NounPhrase(NP)

WordgroupwithanounasitsheadwordWordgroupwithanadjectiveasitsheadwordWordgroupwithanadverbasitsheadword

Adverbphrase(AdvP)動詞短語(VP)？介詞短語(P.P)？名詞短語的構成規則：

eg:aprettygirl;mydearestfriend;thatfoolishplan;manyhappydays結構：修飾語（前置定語）+名詞放在被修飾名詞的前面的修飾語：1：限定詞：a/the/an;my;three;that;these...2：形容詞:red;round;new;small名詞短語的構成規則：eg:themaninblue;alotofworktodo;thefirsttocome;theweatherhere;ahighwayleadingintothemountainsahighwaywhichleadsintothemountains結構：名詞+修飾語（后置定語）放在被修飾名詞的后面的修飾語：here，there；介詞短語；不定式；分詞短語；定語從句NP的功能：eg:1:Theyoungmanisabusdriver.2:Ihavethreeclosefriends3:Theymadehimchairmanofthemeeting.在句中當作名詞用，一般做主語，賓語，表語，或賓語補足語。形容詞短語的構成規則：

AdjP的功能：1:副詞+adj：

veryannoyed;quitesuitable2:adj+enough:formalenough3:adj+介詞：

fullof/goodat/annoyedwith4：adj+and/but+adj:youngbutwise;longandwide在句中當作形容詞用，作定語修飾名詞或代詞，還可以用做表語，狀語或者賓語補足語。eg:1:Thebridgeislongandwidetoday!2:Ifoundtheboyquitehandsome.3:Theschoolbagfullofbookswasnew.4.Afraidofdifficulty,hepreferstodotheeasymathproblems.副詞短語的構成規則：

1:副詞+adv：

veryquickly;quitefast2:adv+enough:wellenough;quicklyenough3：adv+and+adv:againandagain;AdvP：在句中當作副詞用，做狀語或者賓語補足語。eg:1:Allboysrunquitefast.2.Youdiditwellenough.3.Hefinishedtheexperimentmuchmorecreatively.Activity1.Findandmarkthephrasesinthesentencesthatfitthecategoriesbelow.Thenstatetheirfunctions.

1,Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.2,ThebuildingissobigthatI’mcompletelylost.3,Thekidsoverthereareputtingsomethingonaroundpaperplate.

(NP)主語

(NP)主語

(NP)主語

(AdjP)表語(AdjP)表語(AdjP)表語

(NP)賓語4,Lindathinksandspeaksquitequickly,andshecandowellinthedebate.5,ThenewcoachtoldmethatIdidn’tplaywellenough.6,MyfirstFrenchclasswasveryconfusing.Theteacherspokesofast!(AdvP)狀語(AdvP)狀語(AdvP)狀語

(NP)賓語

(NP)主語

(AdjP)表語

(NP)主語

Beingafreshmanatseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.It’salittleconfusingtochoosesuitablecoursesandextra-curricularactivities.

(NP)(AdjP)

(NP)(AdjP)

(NP)FindthephrasesinthesentencesTochoosesuitablecourses,Ihavetothinkverycarefullyandasktheschooladviserforhelp.MyadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsighupforadvancedliterature.

(NP)(AdvP)

(NP)

(NP)

(NP)Astoextra-curricularactivities,Iwon’tquitfootballandIwillfindawaytoimprovesothatIcanmaketheteam.Ihavetostudyharderandberesponsibleforalotmore.

(NP)

(NP)

(NP)

(NP)Iamabitworriedaboutkeepingupwiththeotherstudentsinmyadvancedcourse.(AdjP)

(NP)Activity2.Answerthequestionsusingthephraseinbrackets(括號).1,Howsoondoyouthinkyou’llfinishyourhomework(prettysoon)Iwillfinishmyhomeworkprettysoon.2,Whatdoyouthinkofyournewteachers(veryniceandpatient)Mynewteachersareniceandpatient.3,Howmanyclubshaveyoujoinedthisyear(twoclubs)I‘vejoinedtwoclubsthisyear.4,HowwelldoesRitaplaytheviolinWeneedanewviolinistinourmusicclub.(quitewell)Ritaplaystheviolinverywell.5,Whatdidyouradvisersayabouttheadvancedliteraturecourse(toodifficultbutveryinteresting)

MyadvisersaidthattheadvancedliteraturecoursewastoodifficultbutveryinterestingActivity3.Addmoredetailedinformation.

I’vealwayswantedtobeahighschoolcheerleader.Yesterday,Itriedoutformyschoolscheerleadingteam.Itwasreallyhard.First,wehadtodanceupanddown

aroundthebasketballcourtfor20minutes.Theteachershowedushowtomove,andthenwetriedveryhard.Second,wepracticedsinging

ashortfightsongabouttheschoolbasketballteam.Finally,someofthestrongergirlshadtolifttheirpartners.Theothergirlsjumpedveryhighandcheeredsoloudly.IthinkIdidquitewellinthetry-out,butmanyoftheothergirlswereevenbetter.I’mnotsosurewhetherI’llmakethecheerleadingteamthisyearornot.WhatdoyouthinkoftheimprovedversionIsitnecessarytomakesuchimprovementWhatdoyoulearnfromthecomparisonThephrasesprovidemorespecificdetailsandenrichthemeaningofthepassage.Exercise

Decidewhethertheunderlinedpartsarenoun/adjective/adverbphrasesandstatetheirfunctions.

workbookpage72Findthephrasesinthesentencesandtheirfunctions.1.Thestudentswilldogroupdiscussions,timedwriting,andresearchintheadvancedliteraturecourse.NP,O;NP,O;2.It’srainingquiteheavily.Hewon’tbebackverysoon.

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