Unit4Aglimpseofthefuture

Usinglanguage【版本：新外研冊別：選擇性必修三】GrammarIIVVocabularybuildingIIListening&speakingIIIHomeworkcontentsIGrammarLookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.Whyis50percentsingularinsentence(a)butpluralinsentence(c)?Whatarethesubjectsinsentences(b)and(d)?Aretheysingularorplural?a…50percentofmytimewas

spentresearchingnewrestaurants.b

Everyrecommendationshegivesmeisgreat...c…almost50percentofUSjobsare

atriskfromautomationinthenext20years.d…noneofusispreparedforthechallengesofAI.P41a…50percentofmytimewas

spentresearchingnewrestaurants.c…almost50percentofUSjobsare

atriskfromautomationinthenext20years.

Q1.Whyis50percentsingularinsentence(a)butpluralinsentence(c)?Becauseinsentence(a),thepart“50percent”isfollowedbytheuncountablenoun“time”,whileinsentence(c),thepart“50percent”isfollowedbythecountablenoun“job”initspluralform.Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.P41b

Everyrecommendationshegivesmeisgreat...d…noneofusispreparedforthechallengesofAI.

Q2.Whatarethesubjectsinsentences(b)and(d)?Aretheysingularorplural?Insentence(b),thepart“Everyrecommendation”isthesubject.Insentence(d),thepart“noneofus”isthesubject.Botharesingular.Lookatthesentencesandanswerthequestions.P41Task1:Nowlookformoresentencesfollowingthisruleinthereadingpassage,andsummarisetheuseofsubject-verbagreementinyourownwords.Nearlyeveryjobispotentiallyatriskinthelongrun.(P39)2.OnethingIthinkweallagreeon,though,isthatsaying“MyAIdidit!”won’tbeanyexcuseforillegalorimmoralbehaviour.(P39)主謂一致是指主語和謂語在人稱和數等方面的一致，當主語是不定代詞或含有修飾語時，謂語動詞的形式要依據主語所表達的單、復數概念而定，而不僅僅是取決于簡單的外在形式。Subject-verbagreement主謂一致用法歸納1:當主語被分數（百分數）、表示量的詞匯等修飾時，謂語動詞的形式要依據主語本身進行判斷，具體如下：如果主語是可數名詞復數，或主語加上修飾語后整體表達的是復數概念，那么謂語動詞要用復數形式。如果主語本身是可數名詞單數或者不可數名詞，則謂語動詞要用單數形式；例1：Aboutone-thirdofthebooks

inthelibraryaredonatedbystudentswhograduatedfromtheschool.

圖書館里大約三分之一的書都是由這所學校的畢業生捐贈的。

解析：book是可數名詞，在句中是復數形式，并且在句中著重于書的數量而不是將書視為整體，因此“三分之一的書”表達的意義是復數概念，謂語動詞用are。Subject-verbagreement例2：Around10percentoftheforestis

destroyedeachyear.

每年大約有10%的森林被毀。解析：本句中的

theforest為可數名詞的單數形式，泛指森林，因此“10%的森林”視作一個整體，謂語動詞用is。例3：Alargenumberofpeoplehaveappliedforthejob.

許多人都申請了這份工作。解析：本句中的

people為集體名詞，表示復數概念，因此謂語動詞用have。1)Fiftypercentofthestudentsinourschool____girls.2)Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth____sea.

3)Oversixtypercentofthecity_____destroyedinthewar.are

iswas1)主語本身為可數名詞復數

students，故用are。2)主語為surface“表面”，且句中“地球表面的四分之三”為整體概念，故用is。3)主語為city，在此為可數名詞單數，故用was。Practice解析Subject-verbagreementSubject-verbagreement主謂一致用法歸納2：常用的表示“量”的短語后面接名詞的謂語情況。1)anumberof/avarietyof/varietiesof+可數名詞復數作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式。alargeamountof+不可數名詞，謂語動詞用單數；largeamountsof+不可數名詞，謂語動詞用復數。 Anumberofnewhouseshavebeenbuiltthere. Avarietyofproductsareonsalenow. Alargeamountofmoneywasspentonthebridge. Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthebridge.Subject-verbagreement主謂一致用法歸納3：當主語被不定代詞修飾或主語本身是不定代詞時，謂語動詞的形式需要根據主語加上修飾語后整體表達的意義來進行判斷。例：Everymeanshasbeentriedoutwithoutmuchresult.

所有方法都試過了，卻沒有什么效果。解析：means是“方法”的意思，everymeans強調“每一種方法”，故謂語動詞用單數形式。1)Eachboy______aprize.2)Manyofus_____gonethroughregulartraining.3)Everypossibleapproach____beentried,butinvain.4)Bothoftheinstruments____notpreciseones.5)Something___goingtohappen,andnobodycanstopitfromhappening.Practicehavehasaregetsis主謂一致用法歸納3：當主語被不定代詞修飾或主語本身是不定代詞時，謂語動詞的形式需要根據主語加上修飾語后整體表達的意義來進行判斷。Subject-verbagreementSubject-verbagreement主謂一致用法歸納4：all作主語表示人時，謂語動詞用復數；表示物時，謂語動詞用單數，如：例1：Alliswellthatendswell.結果好一切都好。例2：Allareeagertoreachanagreement.大家都急于達成一項協議。用法歸納5：none作主語時，謂語動詞既可用單數也可用復數，這要取決于說話人的看法，如：例1：

Noneofusseemtohavethoughtofit.似乎我們全都沒有想到這一點。

（此處強調全體，全部都沒有想到。）例2：

Noneofushasgotacamera.(none=notasingleone)我們都沒有照相機。

（此處強調每一個個體，沒有一個有照相機的。）Subject-verbagreement主謂一致用法歸納6：當主語被否定詞修飾或主語本身是否定詞時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。如：例1：Nobodyhasgotaticket.誰都沒有票。例2：Nothingwasavailable.

沒有可用的。Task2:Completethepassagebychoosingthesingularorpluralform.(P41)Nowadays,therearemanycompaniesofferingservicesinthedomainofgenetictestingforchildren’stalents.Alargenumberofclientshave/hasbeenattractedtoit.Theyareparents,eagertoknowwhattalentstheirchildrenmayhaveinthefuture,eventhoughtheymaystillbeinkindergarten.Theprocessissimple.Everychildprovide/providesasmallsampleofbloodorbodytissue.Thisis/Theseareanalysed.Eachofthechildrenis/aregivenareportshowingtheirpossibletalents.Arecentexamplecitedonthewebsiteisthatoneofthetestingcompaniescompare/comparesthetalentsoftwinsBobbyandBenny.Bobbywasassessedandhistalentswas/wererevealedtobemostlyscientific:a66%chanceofsuccessinchemistryand54%inphysicswas/wereshown.Meanwhile,Benny’shighestscorewas/wereshowntobeinanartssubject:thetestgavehim68%forliterarystudies.Isgenetictestingreliable?Somescientistssaythatmoreevidenceis/areneeded.Task3:Completethedescriptionaccordingtothecharts,payingattentiontosubject-verbagreement.(P41)FUTURELastweek,weaskedyoutodesignyouridealplanetforpeopleonEarthtoliveoninthe22ndcentury.Wehavereceivedover500entriesandhavebeenamazedbyyourimaginations!Here’soneofthedesigns.Threequartersofthesurfaceismadeupofland,…DesertTask3:Completethedescriptionaccordingtothecharts,payingattentiontosubject-verbagreement.(P41)SurfaceSeaLandLandForestArablelandResidentialareaPeopleOriginalresidentsFromEarthFromotherplanetsTask3:Completethedescriptionaccordingtothecharts,payingattentiontosubject-verbagreement.(P41)Threequartersofthesurfaceismadeupofland,whiletherestissea,covering25%ofthesurface.Halfofthelandiscoveredwithtrees.Residentialareaandarablelandbothaccountforthesameproportion,20%ofthetotalland.Therestisdesert,covering10%ofthetotalland.Therearethreekindsofpeople.Fiftypercentofthepeopleareoriginalresidents,30%arefromEarthand20%arefromotherplanets.

IIListening&speakingTimetravelcouldresultinaparadox—aneventthatcontradictsitself.Forexample,ifapersontravelledbackintimeandpreventedanevent,thateventwouldneverhavehappened;therewouldthereforebenoreasonforthepersontotravelbackintimetopreventit.Task1:Listentotheconversationandchooseitsmainidea. 1.Timetravelisdangerous. 2.Talkingtopeopleinthepastcanchangethefuture. 3.Anythingyousayordointhepastcanaffectthefuture. 4.Timetravelwithinyourownlifetimeshouldbeavoided.P42Task2:Listenagainandcompletethetable.RULE11____________________Atouristwantsto2

_______________________________________________________________.because3_______________________.Theguidetoldher4

____________.Don’ttalktoanybody.tellher8-year-oldselftobuyshewantstobecomerichnottodothatsharesincompaniesthatareprofitabletodayRULE25_____________________________Theguidesaidthat6________________________________________________________________________breakingsomethingcouldalsocauseaparadoxandchangeyourpaththroughlife.Becarefulnottobreakanything.P42Task2:Listenagainandcompletethetable.RULE37____________________________________________________Atouristwantsto8_______________________.Theguidetoldhimnottobecause9

_________________________________________________________________________________.someoneinthepast.giveapresenttohisfatherdoesn’tbelongtothattimemayhaveanimpactonNevergiveanythingfromourtimetosomeoneandcauseaparadoxanythingthatTask3:Completetheboxeswiththeexpressionsfromtheinterview.(P42)ExpressingexcitementAskingforconfirmation

Amazing!Wow!Ican’twaitto...So,whatyou’resayingisthat...Howabout...Imaginehowexcited...That’sOk,isn’tit?Areyouserious?Letmegetthisstraight.Youmeanthat...It’llbeexcitingenoughto...2.Wow!1.Amazing!3.Ican’twaitto…4.Imaginehowexcited…5.It’llbeexcitingenoughto…4.Areyouserious?1.So,whatyou’resayingisthat2.Howabout…3.That’sOK,isn’tit?5.Letmegetthisstraight.Youmeanthat…IIIVocabularybuildingTask1:Readthepassageandputtheexpressionsinboldintotheboxes.Besidestimetravel,wehavemuchtolookforwardtointhefuture,thankstoadvancesintechnology.Oneareathatislikelytochangedramaticallywithinourlifetimesismedicalcare.AlthoughIwouldn’tbankonpatientsfeelingconfidentaboutseeingarobotdoctoranytimesoon,I’msurethatAIdoctorsareonthehorizon.Ithinkit’salsofairtosaythatwecangetourhopesupwhenitcomestofindingcuresforseriousdiseases,suchascancer.Ireckonthatnanorobotsthatcaneliminatecancerouscellsarejustaroundthecorner.Someoftheseideasmaysoundfaraheadoftheirtime,butI’msurethey’reboundtohappensoonerorlater!bank

on：relyon依靠；依賴beboundtohappen：一定會發生1.bankon2.getourhopesup3.boundtohappen1.withinourlifetimes2.anytimesoon3.onthehorizon4.aroundthecorner5.faraheadoftheirtimeTask1:Readthepassageandputtheexpressionsinboldintotheboxes.P43Task2:CompletethepassagewiththeexpressionsinTask1.(P43)Whoknowsinwhatexcitingwaystransportwillchange1_________________?Trainsthattravelatth