實驗四靜/動態路由設置實驗目的學習靜待路由配置方法，理解路由器的工作原理了解路由器的RIP路由協議的原來；熟悉掌握路由器的RIP路由協議的配置方法；了解路由器的OSPF路由協議的原來；熟悉掌握路由器的OSPF路由協議的配置方法。實驗內容根據拓撲圖鏈接好所有設備；綜合使用路由器和主機進行靜態路由方案的設計；使用超級終端進行路由配置；使用PIP路由協議配置路由器的動態路由；使用OSPF路由協議配置路由器的動態路由；相關命令：#shiowipprotocols:顯示路由的路由信息#showiproute:顯示IP路由表靜態路由：(config-if)#ipaddress<本端口IP地址><子網掩碼>：為端口設置一個IP地址（config）#iproute<目的子網地址><子網掩碼><相鄰路由器端口地址或者本地物理端口號>:設置靜態路由（config）#noiproute<目的子網掩碼><子網掩碼><相鄰路由器端口地址或本地物理端口號>:刪除靜態路由RIP：(config)#routerrip:激活RIP路由協議（config-router）#network<>網段地址>：指明相關聯的網段，以便RIP動態學習路由信息OSPF：（config）#routerospf<進程號>：激活OSPF路由協議(config-router)#network<與本路由器相連的ip子網號><通配符>area<區域號>實驗條件：如圖搭建實驗環境。實驗過程配置靜態路由：R2600A#showiproute（查看當前路由信息）Codes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetC192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/0/0C192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/1/0C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0R2600A#config（設置靜態路由）Configuringfromterminal,memory,ornetwork[terminal]?Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.R2600A(config)#iproute192.168.4.0255.255.255.0192.168.3.2R2600A(config)#iproute192.168.5.0255.255.255.0192.168.3.2R2600A(config)#exit%SYS-5-CONFIG_I:ConfiguredfromconsolebyconsoleR2600A#showiproute（查看當前路由信息，發生變化）Codes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetC192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/0/0C192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/1/0C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0S192.168.4.0/24[1/0]via192.168.3.2S192.168.5.0/24[1/0]via192.168.3.2R2600A#對于路由器S2600B進行類似的配合，路由信息如下：R2600B#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetS192.168.1.0/24[1/0]via192.168.3.1S192.168.2.0/24[1/0]via192.168.3.1C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.4.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/0/0C192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/1/0R2600B#在PC1上檢測連通性，如下：R2600A#config（刪除路由器A靜態路由）Configuringfromterminal,memory,ornetwork[terminal]?Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.R2600A(config)#noiproute192.168.4.0255.255.255.0R2600A(config)#noiproute192.168.5.0255.255.255.0R2600A(config)#exit%SYS-5-CONFIG_I:ConfiguredfromconsolebyconsoleR2600A#showiproute（顯示結果）Codes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetC192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/0/0C192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/1/0C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0R2600A#對于路由器B也進行類似操作，請參考路由器A。配置RIP路由協議：對路由器A：R2600A(config)#norouteripR2600A#exitR2600A#configConfiguringfromterminal,memory,ornetwork[terminal]?Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.R2600A(config)#routerripR2600A(config-router)#network192.168.1.0R2600A(config-router)#network192.168.2.0R2600A(config-router)#network192.168.3.0R2600A(config-router)#end%SYS-5-CONFIG_I:ConfiguredfromconsolebyconsoleR2600A#showipprotocols（查看路由器ARIP協議的相關信息）RoutingProtocolis"rip"Sendingupdatesevery30seconds,nextduein7secondsInvalidafter180seconds,holddown180,flushedafter240OutgoingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetIncomingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetRedistributing:ripDefaultversioncontrol:sendversion1,receiveanyversionInterfaceSendRecvTriggeredRIPKey-chainEthernet0/0/0121Ethernet0/1/0121FastEthernet0/0121AutomaticnetworksummarizationisineffectMaximumpath:4RoutingforNetworks: 192.168.1.0 192.168.2.0 192.168.3.0PassiveInterface(s):RoutingInformationSources: GatewayDistanceLastUpdateDistance:(defaultis120)對路由器B進行類似的配置，RIP協議的相關信息如下：R2600B#showipprotocols（查看路由器BRIP協議的相關信息）RoutingProtocolis"rip"Sendingupdatesevery30seconds,nextduein20secondsInvalidafter180seconds,holddown180,flushedafter240OutgoingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetIncomingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetRedistributing:ripDefaultversioncontrol:sendversion1,receiveanyversionInterfaceSendRecvTriggeredRIPKey-chainFastEthernet0/0121Ethernet0/0/0121Ethernet0/1/0121AutomaticnetworksummarizationisineffectMaximumpath:4RoutingforNetworks: 192.168.3.0 192.168.4.0 192.168.5.0PassiveInterface(s):RoutingInformationSources: GatewayDistanceLastUpdate 192.168.3.112000:00:25Distance:(defaultis120)RoutingProtocolis"ospf100"OutgoingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetIncomingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetRouterID192.168.5.1Numberofareasinthisrouteris1.1normal0stub0nssaMaximumpath:4RoutingforNetworks:192.0.0.00.255.255.255area200RoutingInformationSources:GatewayDistanceLastUpdateDistance:(defaultis110)分別查看路由器A、B的動態路由表R2600A#showiproute（路由器A的動態路由表）Codes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetC192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/0/0C192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/1/0C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0R192.168.4.0/24[120/1]via192.168.3.2,00:00:15,FastEthernet0/0R192.168.5.0/24[120/1]via192.168.3.2,00:00:15,FastEthernet0/0R2600A#R2600B#showiproute（路由器B的動態路由表）Codes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetR192.168.1.0/24[120/1]via192.168.3.1,00:00:00,FastEthernet0/0R192.168.2.0/24[120/1]via192.168.3.1,00:00:00,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.4.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/0/0C192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/1/0R2600B#在PC1上檢測連通性，結果如下：刪除路由器A、B的RIP路由設置：R2600A#norouterripR2600B#norouterrip配置OSPF路由協議：對路由器A：R2600A#configConfiguringfromterminal,memory,ornetwork[terminal]?Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.R2600A(config)#routerospf100R2600A(config-router)#network192.168.1.00.255.255.255area200R2600A(config-router)#network192.168.2.00.255.255.255area200R2600A(config-router)#network192.168.3.00.255.255.255area200R2600A(config-router)#endR2600A#showipprotocols（查看A路由器OSPF協議的相關信息）RoutingProtocolis"ospf100"OutgoingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetIncomingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetRouterID192.168.3.1Numberofareasinthisrouteris1.1normal0stub0nssaMaximumpath:4RoutingforNetworks:192.0.0.00.255.255.255area200RoutingInformationSources:GatewayDistanceLastUpdateDistance:(defaultis110)對路由器B進行類似配置：（查看B路由器OSPF協議的相關信息）R2600B#showipprotocolsRoutingProtocolis"ospf100"OutgoingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetIncomingupdatefilterlistforallinterfacesisnotsetRouterID192.168.5.1Numberofareasinthisrouteris1.1normal0stub0nssaMaximumpath:4RoutingforNetworks:192.168.3.00.0.0.255area200192.168.4.00.0.0.255area200192.168.5.00.0.0.255area200RoutingInformationSources:GatewayDistanceLastUpdate192.168.3.111000:01:26Distance:(defaultis110)路由器A、B的路由表信息：R2600A#showiproute（路由器A的路由表信息）Codes:C-connected,S-static,I-IGRP,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2,E-EGPi-IS-IS,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2,ia-IS-ISinterarea*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticroute,o-ODRP-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetC192.168.1.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/0/0C192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/1/0C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,