高考英語專題探究

“七選五”GapFilling答題技巧與策略題型解讀考查重點：主要考查對篇章結構以及上下文邏輯的理解和掌握。答題技巧與策略：主要體現為對六種篇章銜接方式的考查。課前自主探究Group1E1Thescientistssaythatthehumanlifehaschangedgreatly．____1_____Thishadledtonewindsofsicnesses．Thesenewsicnesseswerenotnowninancienttimes_____2_____AOurbodieshavenotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyleBPeopletodayprobablydon'twanttolivelieourancestorsCSotheyarecalled"diseasesofciviliation"．A復現→詞匯復現→原詞復現/同義詞復現CGroup122016年全國II卷OurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbactochildhoodGrandma’srosegardenandDad’svegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat’snotwhat’simadeusfeelCIt’soureattersDIt’sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersFYoucanagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooC復現→詞匯復現→同義詞復現Group1E3Childrenseoutandelaughing___5___CThatfeelingofgreatjoyishardtobeatDMostchildrentendtothininaaeusfeelhappyandaliveE復現→詞匯復現→上下義詞復現Group142014年遼寧卷Herearefivesuggestionsforalifetimeofhealthyeyesight:Scheduleyearlyeams36EonthsofagetothedoctorforacarefulchecThegoodnewsisthatmillionsofchildrennowcanhaveyearlyeyeeamsandfollowingtreatment,includingeyeglassesBEyecareshouldbeginearlyinlifeCTheycanproperlyprotectyoureyesEParentsusuallydon’tcareabouttheirowneyesightFAlwaysfollowthedoctor’sadviceforappropriatewearB復現→表達復現Group1E5WecanlearntodreambigandimaginetheimsuccessfullyIfwewantedtobuildatreehouse,we’dgoaboutthiningabouthowtomaeithaightnothaetimesADon’timaginethingscouldgowrongBWecanlearntoholda“cando”attitudeDMostchildrentendtothininapositivewayB復現→句式復現Group1復現復現是保證文章前后銜接而經常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對同一個概念進行重復描述。復現包括：詞匯復現、表達復現和句式復現。1、詞匯復現包括：原詞復現、原詞的反義詞復現、同義詞復現、同根詞復現、相關詞復現相關詞指的是相互有關聯的詞。例如，school,teacher,student,headmaster,class,test,fail,aths,learn等、上下義詞復現上下義詞指的是詞義有互相包容關系的詞。例如，flower是上義詞，tuliproves表達的意思都是“睡眠質量提高了”。3、句式復現指的是在上下文中，特別是各個段落的段首句子使用相同的句式或句子結構，即，使用平行結構。例如，每個小標題都使用祈使句或名詞短語。Strategy1上下義詞復現上下義詞指的是詞義有互相包容關系的詞。利用前后句中這樣的特殊關系常常可以很輕松地解題。如:ArecentlystudybyAmericanmanagementinstituteshowsthatthee______正確的選項：Thesefiguresarehardlysurentsconveynine-tenthsofallinformation例題分析：選項中的thesefigures與空格前面出現了三個百分數就是上下義詞的關系。課前自主探究Group2E11__TheirangermightbesostrongthattheylosecontroloftheirtemayactinwaysunacceaysaythatsomeonehastroublecontrollingtheirAInfact,theyusuallymeanthataidbehavesbadlywhenfeelingangryBSomeidsgetangrymoreoftenormoreeasilythansomeotheridsB指代銜接AGroup2E2Nomatterwhereyouareontheris-seeingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotaerissincreasesduringyourteenageyears74Toheleantaingsomeriss,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforrisaswellBThosearetherissyoushouldjumeantagreaterchanceofsurvivalEThisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld指代銜接Group2指代銜接為了避免重復，英語中常用代詞they/them/their/it/this/that等或定冠詞the指代或特指上下文提到的內容。Strategy2課前自主探究Group3Stragety3顯性邏輯銜接利用邏輯關系和邏輯銜接詞liningwords會給解題帶來很大幫助。邏輯關系邏輯銜接詞and；or(或者)；too/either/also/alike/aswell(也)；meanwhile；inthemeanwhile；atthesametime；equally；either...or...；notonly...butalso...；neither...nor...；not...but...；one...,

theother…；some...,others…；but；yet；however；nevertheless；whereas[wε?'?z]；otherwise；instead(of...)；(ononehand...,)ontheotherhand；not...but...；unfortunately;while；incontrast；incomparison；onthecontrary；contraryto...；like(像...一樣);as+從句(正如...)moreover；furthermore；besides；also；still；additionally；inaddition(to...)；what’smore；other(benefits)；notonly...butalso...；形容詞/副詞的比較級；(因)→because；since；as；for；becauseof...；asaresult/consequenceof...；onaccountof...；(果)→so；therefore；thereby；thus；hence；asaresult/consequence；consequently；并列轉折對比遞進因果比較邏輯關系邏輯銜接詞(時間順序)→first/atfirst/inthebeginning/inthefirstplace(首先/起初/開始的時候)；atthebeginningof...；then；later；afterwards；finally；eventually；ultimately;atlast；intheend；attheendof...；(重要性順序)→first；firstly；firstofall；tobeginwith(首先)；second；secondly；foronething...,also/foranother(thing)...；aboveall；lastly；lastbutnotleast；百分比；half(of...)；aquarter(of...)；one-third；three-fifths；ninein/outoften；themajority/minorityof...，therest...；inotherwords；thatis(tosay)；actually；infact；inreality；asamatteroffact；forexample；forinstance；like;suchas;take...forexample；How...?Bydoing...；Why...?Because...；inconclusion/summary/short/brief/aword；toconclude/sumup；onthewhole；generallyspeaking；allinall；順序解釋/說明舉例問答歸納總結比例12015年北京卷First,understandthatsomeoingarebetterthanothersFeelingsafeandrelaedwillhels73Andifyouwanttoiming,trytodoitwhileyouareinvolvedinanothertas—ethingsimaingmeaninglessdrawingsAHavinginterestingthingstothinaboutalsohele,daydreamingwasthoughttobeacauseofsomementalillnessesFDaydreamsareoftenverysims,whichmaybehardtounderstand邏輯之“遞進”Group3Group322016年全國I卷Acodeusessymbolstoreessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodeboo39Foreamightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me”Themessage“bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme”

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alphabet邏輯之“舉例”容易誤選G項。后面的例子用的是words,不是symbols和letters。32014年全國I卷Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented__36ByheldevelowellnomatterwhatthefutureholdsCWecangiveidschancestothinaboutmaterialsinnewwaysDSohowcanwehelpouridsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyeteistEGardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingidsdevelopthissillFWecandothisinreallifeorasquestionsaboutcharactersinstories邏輯之“因果”邏輯之“問答”Group3課前自主探究Group412014年全國II卷Frommyeainreasonswhyoreoften:ability,moneyandtime__36__MoneyisatoewisdomabouthowtomaethemostofthetimeyouspendintheitchenBAbilityiseasilyimanyeplanningaheadcansavealotofworlateronGroup422014年全國I卷）UnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforidsWenowwhat’sgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothersBeingabletoreadmisreadingasituationandjumanisfeelingbylooingathisface”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel”DSohowcanwehelpouridsprepareforjobsthatdon’tyeteistEGardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingidsdevelopthissillFWecandothisinreallifeorasquestionsaboutcharactersinstoriesGroup4E3ForyearswemadethelongdrivefromourhomeinSeattletomyeinBoiseinninehours37:thefastest,shortest,easiestroad,esent限制andhavestrongopinionsabouteverything

BThisisadeeaningofhiswordsERoadtriostpeopledo標點符號暗含邏輯意義---解釋/說明Group4E4Wecanlearntobeeoutandplay

CThatfeelingofgreatjoyishardtobeatDMostchildrentendtothininaaeusfeelhaitingbeliefswithoutevenrealiingitGAllworandnoaesapersonverydullandupset隱性邏輯---因果Group4/\That’sbecause隱性邏輯銜接雖然有時語句間沒有顯性邏輯銜接詞liningwords，但上下文還是存在有并列、轉折、對比、遞進、因果、時間/重要性順序、解釋/說明、舉例、問答、歸納等邏輯關系。此時可以根據情況，憑借邏輯思維能力，自行在上下句間加入表示這些邏輯關系的邏輯銜接詞，用這種辦法可以有助于做出正確的判斷,其中因果、轉折、解釋/說明、舉例這四種邏輯關系是利用得最多的。

Strategy4課前自主探究Group5E1（2014北京卷）MainggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluationReasonableevaluationincludesnowingwhereandhowtofindsrelevantinformation,howtosemonsourcesG承上啟下Group5E2Digitaltechnologyisinvolvedinalmosteveryasostimanbeingneeds__36__DigitaltechnologywillustevolvealongwithitByeetoday,youareorrowCThisisbecausetechnologyisfunandmotivateschildrenDThisallowsforaseamless無縫的connectionbetweenschoolandhomeFItmaessensethatweusethisvaluablelearningtoolinourclassroomGTechnologymaesiteasyforteacherstoreachalllearnersatthesametimeF承上啟下Group5E3Chinahasbeenthebirthanyoftheworld’sgreatestinventionsItwas,foreamoneyBeforetheinventionofoneyandcoins,anydifferentindsofthingsforbuyingandsellingDuringthattime,foreamightcostseveraloneyUsuallytheshellsusedasmoneywereverysmallThismadeiteasierforoneyoverlongdistances,andallowedfortradetodeveloiesdeveloeimewentby,tradebetweencountriesincreasedB承上啟下Group5承上啟下如果設空在第一段段尾或第二段段首，要考慮承上啟下的功能。經常要利用復現、指代銜接、邏輯關系轉折、因果、問答、舉例等來承上啟下。Group5課前自主探究Group6E1________Tellingsomeonethatyoucan'trememberhisnamecanactuallymaeostofthemwillfeelsymworingtoremembernamesbetterYoursisrightonthetiytongueWhatisitagain”

AIfyoucan'tremembersomeone'sname,youmaytellhimthetruthBAdmityoudon'tnow

BGroup6歸納總結簡短醒目的小標題AAutumnnleavesarebeautiful以偏概全E2________Atfirst,theleavesonthetreesturnyellowandredOneday,theyturnbrownandfalltothegroundNightfallsabitearliereachdayThen,onemorning,everythingiscoveredbyasoftblanetofsnowWhene!A歸納總結Group6AHumanbeingsandanimalsshouldlivetogetherinoretoalsCalsiseveryone'sdutyDHumanbeingsshouldstoalsE3__________AnimalsandhumanbeingssharethisworldandeverythinginitUnfortunately,manyalswellSomealsdirectly,orillthemtoselltheirfurOthersmayh