Unit3ManagementUnit3Management1ContentWarm-upActivitiesBackgroundInformationTextAnalysisExtendedActivitiesWritingContentWarm-upActivitiesBackg2Warm-upactivitiesI.Pairworks Whatdoyouknowaboutmanagement?Thinkaboutitandtalkwithyourpartner.II.Groupwork Managementisanorganizedbodyofknowledge.Workinsmallgroups,discussinghowtoequipthemanagerwiththeunderstanding,thethinking,theknowledgeandtheskillsfortoday’sandalsotomorrow’sjobs.Warm-upactivitiesI.Pairwork3商務英語綜合教程第二冊課件4商務英語綜合教程第二冊課件5ProcessofEffectiveManagementProperPlanningofTasksProperOrganizingofTasksProper

Communication

to

Employees

about

Job

TasksProperControlofTasksFirm’sRevenuesandExpensesFirm’s

EarningsFirm’sValueEffective

ManagementProcessofEffectiveManagemen6ThelevelsofManagementwhichconcentratesonthefirm’slong-runobjectives.whichisresponsibleforintermediateandshort-termdecisions.whichishighlyinvolvedwithemployeeswhoengageintheday-to-dayproductionprocess.Levels

Top(high-level)management

Middlemanagement

Supervisorymanagement

ThelevelsofManagementwhich7TitleTypesofDecisionsTopManagementPresident1)Shouldwecreatenewproducts?2)Shouldweexpand?3)Howcanweexpand?Throughacquisitions?ChiefFinancialOfficer1)Shouldmorefundsbeborrowed?2)Shouldweinvestavailablefundsinproposedprojects?Vice-presidentofMarketing1)Shouldanexistingproductberevised?2)Shouldourpricingpoliciesbechanged?3)Shouldouradvertisingstrategiesbechanged?ThelevelsofManagementTitleTypesofDecisionsTopMan8TitleTypesofDecisionsMiddleManagementRegionalSalesManager1)Howcanweboostsalesinaparticularcity?2)Howcancomplaintsfromoneofourlargestcustomersberesolved?3)Shouldanadditionalsalespersonbehired?PlantManager1)Shouldthestructureoftheassemblylineberevised?2)Shouldnewequipmentbeinstalledthroughouttheplant?ThelevelsofManagementTitleTypesofDecisionsMiddle9TitleTypesofDecisionsSupervisoryManagementAccountManagerHowcanworkerswhoprocesspaymentsfromvariousaccountsbemotivated?2)Howcanconflictsbetweentwoworkersberesolved?Supervisor1)Howcanthequalityofworkbyassembly-lineworkersbeassessed?2)Howcanassembly-linetasksbeassignedacrossworkers?3)Howcancustomercomplaintsbehandled?ThelevelsofManagementTitleTypesofDecisionsSupervi10Thekeyfunctionsofmanagement

Integrationforthefuture(objectives)resources

to

achieve

objectives

providing

with

instructionswhichinvolvesmonitoringandevaluatingemployeetasks1.

Planning

2.

Organizing

3.

Leading

4.

Controlling

*IntegrationofManagementFunctionsThekeyfunctionsofmanagemen11QualitiesofManagersWhatdoyouthinkmakesagoodmanager?Whichfourofthefollowingqualitiesdoyouthinkarethemostimportant?

QualitiesofManagersWhatdoy12FourTypesofSkillsofManagersConceptualskillsInterpersonal

skills

Technical

skills

Decision-making

skills

toperformspecificday-to-daytasks,isarrangedtounderstandrelationshipsamongvarioustaskstocommunicatewithotheremployeesandwithcustomerstoassessalternativechoicesontheallocationofthefirm’sresourcesSKILLSFourTypesofSkillsofManage13Author

JohnB.Minerisawriter,speaker,andconsultantspecializinginentrepreneurshipandhumanresourcemanagement.HisclientshaveincludedMcKinsey&Company,WesternMichiganUniversity,AT&T,BaxterLaboratories,SouthernIllinoisUniversity,andStandardOilofOhio,aswellasnumeroussuccessfulentrepreneurs.Author JohnB.Minerisawr14MinerhasbeenaprofessorattheUniversityofOregon,UniversityofMaryland,GeorgiaStateUniversity,andtheStateUniversityofNewYorkatBuffalowherehewasdirectoroftheCenterforEntrepreneurialLeadership.Heistheauthorof35booksontopicsrangingfromindustrialpsychology,organizationalbehavior,andstrategicmanagement,toentrepreneurshipandhumanresourcemanagement.Hismostrecentbookis<The4RoutestoEntrepreneurialSuccess>.Minerhasbeenaprofessorat15TextAnalysis

1.Thereareatleastthreegeneralpreconditionsforachievinglastingsuccessasamanager:ability(A),motivationtomanage(M),andopportunity(O).

作為一個管理者要最終成功至少要具有三個基本的先決條件:能力(簡稱A)，從事管理的動機(簡稱M)和機遇(簡稱0)。atleast:adv.ifnothingelse;notlessthan至少preconditionn.anassumptiononwhichreststhevalidityoreffectofsomethingelse前提v.putintotherequiredconditionbeforehand預先處理；事先準備

例：TheUSshouldinsistonasubstantiveagendaasapreconditionforanyObamavisit.

美國應該堅持將實質性的議事日程作為奧巴馬訪問的前提。TextAnalysis 1.Thereareat16TextAnalysis2.Judgingfromheadlinesinrecentyearsaboutcorporatedownsizings,middlemanagerlayoffs,andthedramaticscalingbackoftheU.S.defenseindustry,studentsmightbetemptedtothrowuptheirhandsinfrustrationovertheprospectofeverlandingamanagementposition.根據美國最近幾年有關大公司滑坡、中等企業管理者失業以及國防工業突然倒退的報道，大學生們可能對涉足于管理崗位的前景失去信心而不敢恭維。headline1.N-COUNTAheadlineisthetitleofanewspaperstory,printedinlargelettersatthetopofthestory,especiallyonthefrontpage.(尤指報紙頭版的)標題2.V-TIfanewspaperormagazinearticleisheadlinedaparticularthing,thatistheheadlinethatintroducesit.為…加標題

例：Thearticlewasheadlined"Tellusthetruth."

該文章題為“告訴我們真相?！盩extAnalysis2.Judgingfromh17TextAnalysisdownsizing Todownsizesomethingsuchasabusinessorindustrymeanstomakeitsmaller.精簡，裁員；縮小規模例：

例：Americanmanufacturingorganizationshavebeendownsizingtheirfactories.美國制造商們一直在縮小他們工廠的規模。layoff

Whentherearelayoffsinacompany,peoplebecomeunemployedbecausethereisnomoreworkfortheminthecompany.解雇scalingn.actofmeasuringorarrangingoradjustingaccordingtoascale縮放比例scalingup按比例放大；按比例增加

scalinglaw標度律；比例法則；相似律；比例縮小規則scalingdown按比例縮??；降低計算速度

TextAnalysisdownsizing18TextAnalysis

3.Theupshotisthatmanagerialjobs,whichsurgedata5.6%annualratefrom1984through1989,haveshownnonetgrowthatallsincethen--eliminatingabout2.25millionjobsthatwouldhavebeencreatediftheearliergrowthtrendhadbeenmaintained.

這一調整的結果是，管理局位從1984到1989以5.6%的比率上升，但后來根本沒有任何凈增長一一如果早期的發展勢頭能夠持續下去的話，就可以創造大的225萬個崗位。upshot N.Theupshotofaseriesofeventsordiscussionsisthefinalresultofthem,usuallyasurprisingresult.(通常指出乎意外的)結果surge:

Asurgeisasuddenlargeincreaseinsomethingthathaspreviouslybeensteady,orhasonlyincreasedordevelopedslowly.劇增eliminate：toeliminatesomething,especiallysomethingyoudonotwantorneed,meanstoremoveitcompletely.消除TextAnalysis 3.Theupshotis19Exercise:

I.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext:1.Whataregeneralpreconditionsforachievinglastingsuccessasamanager?2.Whatismanagerialability?3.Whichskillsshouldbusinessschoolgraduateshave?1.Thereareatleastthreegeneralpreconditionsforachievinglastingsuccessasamanager:ability(A),motivationtomanage(M),andopportunity(O).2.Asusedhere,thetermmanagerialabilityisthedemonstratedcapacitytoachieveorganizationalobjectivesbotheffectivelyandefficiently.3.AccordingtorecentworkbytheAmericanAssemblyofCollegiateSchoolsofBusiness(AACSB),anaccreditingagency,businessschoolgraduatesshouldbeabletodemonstratecertainskillsandpersonalcharacteristics.Theyinclude:Leadership;Oralcommunicationandpresentationskills;Writtencommunication;Planningandorganizing;Informationgatheringandproblemanalysis;Decisionmaking;Delegationandcontrol;Self-objectivity(beingawareofone'sstrengthsandlimitations);Dispositiontolead(awillingnessanddesiretoleadothersinnewdirections).Exercise:

I.Answerthefollow204.Whatiscalldispositiontolead?5.WhatistheimpactofmotivationtoManage?6.Howmanywaysthatcanmeasureone’smotivationtoManage?4.Awillingnessanddesiretoleadothersinnewdirections5.Upliftingstoriesaboutdisabledpersonsandadventurerswhosucceeddespiteseeminglyinsurmountableoddsareoftensummedupinoneword:desire.Thesameforcedrivessuccessfulmanagers.6.AmanagementresearchernamedJohnB.Minerdevelopedapsychometricinstrumenttomeasureobjectivelyanindividual'smotivationtomanage.Miner'smeasureofmotivationtomanageisanchoredtothefollowingsevendimensions:4.Whatiscalldispositionto217.WhataretheconclusionsdoMinerandhiscolleaguesmake?8.Whywesaystudentsmightbefrustratedwithmanagementposition?9.HowmanyworkersinprivateindustryinAmericanaccordingtodata?10.Whatisthequickwaytobecomeamanagerinthistext?7.First,althoughthesteadydeclineofmotivationtomanageduringthe1960sandearly1970shadstopped.students'motivationtomanagestillwasverylow.Asecondconclusionwasthatfemalestudentsnolongerlaggedbehindtheirmalecounterpartsinmotivationtomanage.8.Judgingfromheadlinesinrecentyearsaboutcorporatedownsizings，middlemanagerlayoffs,andthedramaticscalingbackoftheU.S.defenseindustry,studentsmightbetemptedtothrowuptheirhandsinfrustrationovertheprospectofeverlandingamanagementposition.9.IntheU.S.some13.5millionworkersinprivateindustryareclassifiedasexecutives,administrators,andmanagers,andmostareemployedintheservicesector--thefocusofintensiverestructuringinrecentyears.10.Onequickwaytobecomeamanageristostartyourownbusiness.7.Whataretheconclusionsdo22WordPracticeFillintheblankswithappropriatewordsfromthetext.Theinitialletterofeachwordhasbeensuppliedforyou.1.Italsomakeshisbranddistinctivelyc________andlendsmoremystiquestohisname.2.Incountriespronetohighinflation,astableexchangeratehelpstoa__________prices.3.Thecompanythensaiditwouldendself-censoringsearchresults,puttingito__________withBeijing.4.Thatsuggests,tothoseofd__________atleast,thattheworstmayalreadybeoverforseveralAsianeconomies.5.ThegrowthofglobalsupplychainsmeansthatpartsmadeinoneAsiancountryfromrawmaterialsimportedfromanotherarere-exportedtoathirdforfinala____________.1.conceptual2.anchor3.odds4.disposition5.assemblyWordPractice1.conceptual2236.Theagencyhopestoreducemistakeswithaprogrambuiltaroundanews__________safetychecklist.7.Thereisones___________waytoknowiftheSouthernCrossisvisibleinyourskyornot.8.Indeed,them___________ofitsartifactsmayevenbewhatmakesitmeaningful.9.Thec__________totheirassetsisbanks'excessreserveholdingswithcentralbanks.10.Todosowouldd___________thatthisisnotatrueunionatall.6.surgical7.surefire8.multiplication9.counterpart10demonstrate6.Theagencyhopestoreduce24WordPracticeFillintheblankswiththeappropriatewordsorphrasesgiveninthebox.Changetheformswherenecessary.

gloomyperspectivesuperiorintangiblefrustrationrestructuringmerchandisesurgedriveinsurmountable1.LiquidityintheUStreasurymarketis_________toEurozonebondmarkets.2.Thereis_____________financialbarrieratthemoment,butit'ssomethingthatcouldchange.3.Thenewnumbers____________withChinaisonlylikelytointensifyasunemploymentremainsstubbornlycloseto10%.4.That___________forecastseemsalltoorealisticfollowingsograveafinancialcrisis.1.superior2.insurmountable3.frustration4.gloomyWordPractice255.Inrecentdecades,however,moreAmericanbusinesspeoplehavecometorecognizetheneedtobemoreinternationalintheir_____________.6.TherateofbankandthriftfailuresinAmericabeganto______________in2008afterseveralblissfullyquietyears.7.Asuccessfulenterpriseforitsownbrandbuildingisakindof_____________investment,anditsbenefitswillbewiththeconstantdevelopmentandexpansionofenterprises,graduallyemerged.8.CanAmericacontinuetorelyongovernmentstimulusto_____________growth?9.Onelikelychangemeansa_____________ofAmerica'sfailedhealth-insurancemarkets.10.__________salesaretheprincipalmeansofearningrevenueinamerchandisingfirm.5.perspective6.surge7.intangible8.drive9.restructuring10.merchandise5.Inrecentdecades,however,26IV.TranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish:1.央行行長認為，最好以錨定通貨膨脹的方式渡過短期震蕩。2.世界商品貿易依然是全球經濟增長的二倍。3.運用果斷力，你利用自己的智慧，可能會不戰而勝。4.這一切很大程度上肯定的反映了經濟衰退和失業率的上升。5.由于出色的投資表現，基金管理公司可以增長一段時間。1.ThegovernoroftheBankarguesthatmaintainingtheinflationaryanchoristhebestwaytogetthroughtheshort-termturmoil.2.However,worldmerchandisetradewasstilltwicethatofworldeconomicgrowth(GDP).3.Byassertiveness,youuseyourmindandwinwithoutfighting.4.Muchofthisisalmostcertainlyaresponsetotherecessionandthesurgeinunemployment.5.Fundmanagersmaygrowforawhilebecauseofsuperiorinvestmentperformance.IV.Translation27V.ReadingcomprehensionReadthetextcarefully,andchoosethebestanswer.

MaryOwenexaminestheroleandefficiencyofteams.

Recruiterssaythatcandidateswhocangiveexamplesofworktheyhavedoneasmembersofasuccessfulteamareinasstrongapositionasthosewhocanpointtosignificantindividualachievement.Indeed,toomuchofthelattermaysuggestthatthepersonconcernedisnota'teamplayer'-oneofthemoreseriousfailingsinthebookofmanagement.

Theimportanceofbeingateamplayerisasideeffectoftheincreasinginteractionacrossdepartmentsandfunctionaldivides.Insteadofpushingreports,paperworkanddecisionsaroundtheorganization,'teamsprovideadynamicmeetingplacewhereideascanbesharedandexpertisemorecarefullytargetedatimportantbusinessissues,'saysSteveGardner,inhisbookKeyManagementConcepts.Headds,'Globalizationhasaddedafurtherdimensiontoteamwork.Multinationalteamsnowstudypolicydecisionsinthelightoftheirimpactonthelocalmarket.'

V.Readingcomprehension28Butisteamworkingbeingoverdone?'Somemanagersareonasmanyassevenoreightdifferentteams',saysDrCathyBandy,apsychologistwhorecentlyranaconferenceonthesubject.'Theytakeupsomuchtimethatmanagerscan'tgetonwithcoretasks.'Formingteamsandhavingmeetingshas,shesays,becomeanendinitself,almostregardlessofpurpose.Thereisalsothedangerofanunhealthydesiretokeeptheteamgoingaftertheworkhasbeendone.'Peoplefeeltheneedtobelong,andteammembershipcanprovideakindofpsychologicalsupport.'

Theideabehindteamworkingisthat,whentherightgroupofpeopleisbroughttogether,a'force'developswhichisgreaterthanthesumoftheirindividualtalents.Thisisoftentrueinsport,wheregoodplayerscanreachunexpectedheightsasmembersofaninternationalteam.However,fewbusinesssituationshaveasclearasetofobjectives,orasclearcriteriaofsuccessorfailure,aswinningamatch.

Butisteamworkingbeingover29'Inbusiness,everyoneneedstobeclearaboutwhatthechallengeisandwhetherateamistherightwayofapproachingit',saysSteveGardner.'Unfortunately,peoplefocusinsteadonwhothemembersoftheteamshouldbeandwhatrolestheyaretoplay'DrBandyagrees.'Thereisalwaysadangerthatteamscanturnintocommittees,'shesays.'Inalotofsituations,oneortwoindividualswouldbemuchmoreeffective.'

Sowhatmakesasuccessfulteam?Therearesomegeneralqualitiesthathavebeenidentified.SteveGardnerrecommendsthatineveryteamthereshouldbesomeonewhoisgoodatresearchingideasandanotherwhoisgoodatshootingdownimpracticalones.Thereshouldbethosewhocanresolvethetensionsthatnaturallyoccurinateamandotherswhoarefocusedongettingthejobdone.Also,providingaclearandachievabletargetattheoutsetisthebestwayofensuringthattheteamwillmoveontogreaterthings.

'Inbusiness,everyoneneedst301.Whatpointdoesthewritermakeaboutteamworkingatthebeginningofthearticle?

A)Itisthemostsuccessfulformofmanagement.

B)Ithaschangedtherecruitmentprocedureincompanies.

C)Well-runteamsstillallowindividualstodemonstratetheirtalents.

D)Beingateamplayerisnowconsideredanessentialmanagementskill.

2.Accordingtothearticle,teamworkdevelopedwithincompaniesasaresponseto

A)modernofficedesign.

B)changingworkpractices.

C)areductioninadministrativetasks.

D)theexpansionofinternationalbusiness.3.Inthethirdparagraph,DrBandysuggeststhat

A)manyemployeesdonotenjoyworkinginteams.

B)somemanagersarenotveryeffectiveteamleaders.

C)someteamsarecreatedunnecessarily.

D)fewteamsarewellorganized.

1.D2.B3.C1.Whatpointdoesthewriterm314.Accordingtothewriter,teamworkismoreeffectiveinthefieldofsportbecausetheplayers

A)knowwhattheywanttoachieve.

B)aremorecompetitivebynature.

C)havemoreindividualtalent.

D)canbedrivenbynationalpride.

5.SteveGardnerandDrBandyagreethatwhenabusinessteamiscreatedpeopledonotpayenoughattentionto_________.

A)thestructureoftheteam.

B)alternativestotheteam.

C)selectingtheteammembers.

D)directingtheteam'sactivities.

6.WhatisSteveGardner'sadviceonoperatingasuccessfulteam?

A)Maintainaflexibleapproachtomembership.

B)Allowpersonalitiestodevelopwithintheteam.

C)Selectpeoplewhofitnaturallyintocertainroles.

D)Makeeveryefforttoavoidconflictbetweenmembers.4.A5.B6.C4.Accordingtothewriter,te32WritingMinutesMinutesaredesignedtoshowthesubjectofmeeting,memberspresent,summaryofthespeechanddiscussion,timeofadjournmentandsignaturetothetargetreaders.

I.TheelementsofminutesTheformatofformalminutesofameetingisuncomplicatedandusuallyincludesfourparts:theheadingofthemeeting,thebasicsituationofthemeeting,thebodyofminutesandtheending.1.TheHeadingItusuallycoversthetitleoftheminutes,thevenue,dateandtimeofthemeeting.Itisusualtostatethenameandpositionofthepersoninthechairandthetimeatwhichthemeetingstartedandc1osed.Besides,otherinformationshouldbeinc1uded,suchasthetypeofmeeting(daily,weekly,monthly,annual,orspecial).2.TheBasicSituationAnamelistofattendeesandabsentees(forsmallmeetings,alistofthosepresentorabsent;forlargemeetings,andthenumberofmembersinattendance)isusuallyshowninthispart.Writing333.TheBodyThebodyofminutesisthemainpart,whichisanaccountofallreports,motions,motionoriginators,modesofvoting,adoptionorrejection,itemspostponed,recommendations,argumentsinfavororagainst,alternatives,resolutions,actions,deadlines,personsresponsible,etc.Furthermore,informalminutesofameeting,itcoversopeningstatement,businessarisingandconc1usioninthissection.OpeningStatementOpeningstatement,alsocalledmeetingbackground,focusonthemeetingpurposeorprovidingtheinformationonforthcomingdiscussedtheme.BusinessArisingThethemeorsubjectdiscussedinthemeetingissumma