PAGEPAGE22/2選擇性必修一Lesson1PeopleofAchievement一．單詞回顧復習：已掌握請打√單詞音標詞性中文釋義□physiology[?f?zi??l?d?i]n.□artemisinin[ɑ?ti?mi?snin]n.□crucial[?kru??l]adj.□malaria[m??le?ri?]n.□vital[?va?tl]adj.□committed[k??m?t?d]mit[k??m?t]v.□commitoneselftodov.□academy[??k?d?mi]n.□objective[?b?d?ekt?v]adj.n.□botanical[b??t?n?kl]adj.□evaluate[??v?ljue?t]vt.□property[?pr?p?ti]n.□distinct[d??st??kt]adj.□wormwood[?w??mw?d]n.□boil[b??l]vt.&vi□liquid[?l?kw?d]n.□obtain[?b?te?n]Vi&vt□acknowledge[?k?n?l?d?]Vt.□defeat[d??fi?t]v./n.□analyse[??n?la?z]v.□apparently[??p?r?ntli]adv.□substance[?s?bst?ns]n.□insist[?n?s?st]vi.vt□scientific[?sa??n?t?f?k]adj.□mostly[?m??stli]adv.□wearandtearadj.□conclusion[k?n?klu??n]n.□penicillin[?pen??s?l?n]n.□flee[fli?]v.□circumstance[?s??k?mst?ns]n.□novelist[?n?v?l?st]n.□flow[fl??]n.vi□chart[t?ɑ?t]n.□Flowchartn.□found[fa?nd]vt.□infer[?n?f??(r)]vt.□politician[?p?l??t??n]n.□numerous[?nju?m?r?s]adj.□theory[?θ??ri]n.□relativity[?rel??t?v?ti]n.□formula[?f??mj?l?]n.□genius[?d?i?ni?s]n.□gentle[?d?entl]adj.□patent[?p?tnt,?pe?tnt]n.□passion[?p??n]n.□doctorate[?d?kt?r?t]n.□extraordinary[?k?str??dnri]adj.□gradually[?ɡr?d?u?li]adv.□photoelectric[?f??t????lektr?k]adj.□cometopower□institution[??nst??tju??n]n.□consequence[?k?ns?kw?ns]n.□takeupaposition□moustache[m??stɑ??]n.□peculiarity[p??kju?li??r?ti]n.□encounter[?n?ka?nt?(r)]vt.&n.□professor[pr??fes?(r)]n.□mourn[m??n]Vt.vi□remarkable[r??mɑ?k?bl]adj.□device[d??va?s]n.□sum[s?m]Vi.N.□sumup□draft[drɑ?ft]v.n.用本單元單詞填空：1.

【★☆☆】He

was

awarded

the

Nobel

Prize

for

achievements

in__________(生理學).

2.【★☆☆】Birth

order

plays

a______(極其重要的)

rolein

deciding

the

characteristics

of

a

child.

3.

【★☆☆】He

is______（主要地)

well-known

for

hispaintings

of

horses.

5.

【★★☆】If

you

add

too

much______(液體),

the

mixturewill

not

be

thick

enough.

6.【★☆☆】

It's

indeed

not

easy

for

her

to______(獲得;贏得)the

honour

in

a

foreign

country.7.【★☆☆】Withjointefforts,weareboundto_________(戰勝，打敗）thedisease.

8.【★★☆】With

the

help

of

high

technology,

more

and

more

new______(物質)

have

been

discovered

in

thepast

years.

9.【★☆☆】I'd

rather

use

a_______(圖表)

to

present

thepresent

situation

to

the

audience

present.

10.【★★☆】

If

you’ve

been

betrayed,

you

are

the

victim

of

your_____________(狀況).

11.【★★☆】Based

on

the

statistics,

a__________(結論）canbe

drawn

that

the

students

have

deep

love

for

life.

答案：1.physiology2.vital3.mostly5.liquid6.obtain7.defeat8.substances9.chart10.circumstance11.conclusion三．根據首字母提示填寫單詞正確形式。1.【★★☆】WhenhereturnedtoChinain1908,heo________（獲得）ateachingjob..2.【★★☆】In1917,afriendi_________（堅持）thathehelpwriteforamagazinecalledNewYouth.（2018省實驗高二期中）3.【★☆☆】LuXun,a_____________（公認）asoneofthegreatestmodernwritersinChina,wasborninShaoxing,ZhejiangProvincein1881.4.【★★☆】In1904,hewenttoJapanandbecameamedicalstudent,withtheo_________（目標）ofimprovingpeople'shealthandsavinglives.5.【★★☆】Fromthis,heconcludedthatthec_________（關鍵的）probleminChinawasnotphysicalillness,butthespiritualillnessofpeopleatthattime.答案：1.obtained 2.insisted 3.acknowledged 4.objective 5.crucial四．用適當的單詞變形填空1.Intermsofresearch,itisnecessaryforustosticktothe___________(academy)cautiousness.2.Itisthereforeunreasonabletomakea___________(distinct)whenitcomestoawoman’srighttopreservehereggs.3.Before2015,ourparty___________(acknowledge)theachievementsmadebythecooperationandsupportedthecontinuouswidercooperatinginthefuture.4.Theyhave___________(apparent)achievedbroaderanddeeperagreementsonhowfurtherpromotiononecologyshouldbeapproached.5.Theoldmanissaid___________(commit)crimeintheroombesideourschoollaboratory2decadesago.

6.Thegovernmentdeclaredfinancialassistancewould___________(obtain)bythoseintheemploymenttrainingcourses.

7.___________(consequence),itisnaturalforthosecountriestopayattentiontotheeconomicdevelopment.8.Itmeansdigitalhealthcarecompanies___________(encounter)fewerobstacleswhendevelopingnewproductsandservicesafter5years.

答案：1.academic 2.distinction 3.acknowledged 4.apparently 5.tohavecommitted 6.beobtained 7.Consequently 8.willencounter五．單詞過關檢測：1.【★★☆】Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto1__________asituation,processwhatyouropponent(對手）isdoingand2__________thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.(2018全國一)1.A.analyze B.describe C.rebuild D.control2.A.announce B.signal C.block D.evaluate3.【★★☆】Thehospitalhasrecently___________anewmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.A.sent B.required C.obtained D.powered4.【★★☆】Thus,Papa___________thatwelearnatleastonenewthingeachday.

A.thoughtB.insisted C.repeated D.regretted5.【★★☆】Althoughshe__________hercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn’tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.(2019北京)A.tried B.built C.founded D.set6.【★★☆】Thisbookincludessomeofthebeautiful,life-changingstoriesI’ve.A.encountered B.designed C.invented D.facilitated7.【★☆☆】Everydayinourwork,weareinspiredbythepeoplewemeetdoing________thingstoimprovetheworld.A.slow B.extraordinary C.lazy D.bright【★★★】Manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-border________ofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.A.flows B.bloods C.transfers D.currents【★★☆】Understandinghistoryis________tounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.A.useless B.helpful C.vital D.slow【★★☆】Oneofthebiggesttaskswillbetocontrolthespreadof________.(2019天津)A.sunshine B.happiness C.luck D.malaria11.【★★☆】Allaroundtheworld,wecanseethe________ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.A.advantages B.purposes C.functions D.consequences12.【★★☆】Thisledtoanunexpected______,thoughshehadawonderfultimethere.(2019江蘇)A.bonus B.consequence C.victory D.sacrifice13.【★★☆】Ireadthatpeoplearemoredividedthanever,butthat’snothowthepeopleI__________tendtoact.(2019天津)

A.encounter B.follow C.consult D.accompany14.【★★☆】In1870,whenDickensdied,theworld__________himasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved.(2018浙江)respected B.loved C.mourned D.paid15.【★★☆】Theyadmittedthattheyfeltthesenseofbelongingtoateamoraworkingcommunity,whichmainly________jobsatisfaction.A.putson B.endsup C.contributesto D.picksup16.【★☆☆】We'dliketoknowthedetailsabouttheaccommodationsothatwecanmakesomepreparations________ .A.inparticular B.inneed C.inadvance D.incharge17.【★☆☆】Inordertomakehimself________bythewaitress,Mr.Yangusedbodylanguage.A.understand B.tobeunderstood C.beingunderstood D.understood18.【★☆☆】WhenIaskedtheadviserforadvice,sherecommendedthatI________theadvancedliterature.A.couldchoose B.shouldchoose C.mustchoose D.willchoose答案：1-5ADCBC6-10ABACD11-15DBACC16-18CDB重點詞組復習：1.MaYuninsisted__________quittinghisjobandtryingtohaveachangeofhislifelastyear.

2.Youhadbetterthinktwicebeforeyoudraw______conclusion.3.Asthesituationhaschanged,itisnecessarytosum_________thepracticalexperienceofthecurrentregulations.

4.EmperorKangXitookaseriesofmeasurestodevelopthenation’seconomyaftercoming________power.5.(2015陜西）Peterwilltakehispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.6.Themedicalstaffcommittedthemselves___________(fight)againstthedisease.答案：1.on2.a3.up4.to5.up6.tofight七、課文中的長難句和語言點1.TuYouyouandherteammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.翻譯:___________________________________________________________________________考點:insist的用法(1)模擬造句：她堅持自己去看電影。_________________________________________________________________________________答案：Sheinsistedongoingtothecinemaalone.2.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.翻譯:后來,用這種藥物在瘧疾患者身上做試驗,大部分患者都康復了。考點：非限制性定語從句的用法模擬造句：①她寫了許多文章,一些是專為英語差的學生寫的。_________________________________________________________________________________答案：Shehaswrittenmanyarticles,someofwhichareintendedforstudentspoorinEnglish.②Thenewly-builtcafé,thewallsofwhicharepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.____________________________________________________________________________________________答案：新建的咖啡館,墻粉刷了淡淡的綠色,對我們來說真的是一個安寧的地方,尤其是在勞累的工作后。UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.”翻譯:當聽到自己被授予諾貝爾獎時,她說,“榮譽不只是屬于我自己的考點：Uponhearing...是“upon+動詞-ing形式”構成介詞短語,在句中作時間狀語的用法模擬造句：①他一畢業,先當了老師,后來在政府部門工作。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Upongraduatingfromcollege,hefirstworkedasateacher,andtheninagovernmentoffice.②當知道自己中彩票時,這個男人開懷大笑。_________________________________________________________________________________Uponhearingthathehadwonthelottery,themanlaughedheartily.Hehadathickmoustacheandlongwhitehair,whichsometimesstoodonendasthoughhehadjustreceivedanelectricshock.翻譯:他留著濃密的小胡子和長長的白發,頭發有時豎起來,好像剛受了電擊似的。考點：asthough(if)的用法模擬造句：①那位老婦人對待那個男孩像是自己的兒子。_________________________________________________________________________________Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewereherownson..②我感覺好像我發燒了。_________________________________________________________________________________IfeelasifIhaveafever【過關檢測】(非限制性定語從句）Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.(2018北京卷)A.which B.who C.as D.that2.Myeldestson,_______worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.A.that B.whose C.his D.who3.Itisatrulydelightfulplace,________looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.A.as B.where C.that D.which4.（2017江蘇）Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof____________itusedtocharge.A.that B.which C.what D.how5.（2017江蘇）In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof____________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.A.which B.its C.whose D.whom6.COVID-19,________wasreported,isgeneticallysimilartotheknownbatcoronaviruses.A.whichB.asC.whatD.it答案：ABDBCB八．提升練習：1.語法填空BorninNingbo,in1930,TuYouyou1._________(graduate)fromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955andthenworkedattheChinaAcademyoftraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.Shejoinedateamofscientists2.______theobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalariain1967andtwoyears3._________(late),shewasappointedtheheadoftheproject.Sheandherteamdecided4.__________(review)ancientChinesemedicaltextstofindtraditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthediseaseandtheydiscoveredandtested380distinctancientChinese5._____________(medicine)treatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.

Onemedicaltextfromthefourthcenturysuggested6.________(use)theextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.Theydidrepeatedexperimentsand7._________(final)foundasubstancebyloweringthetemperaturetodrawouttheextract.Aftermany8.__________(fail),theyatlastfoundartemisinin,9._____soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalariaandhassavedmillionsoflivesworldwide.Forthis,TuYouyou10._______(award)theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinein2015.

1.______________ 2.______________ 3.______________ 4.______________5.______________ 6.______________ 7.______________ 8.______________9.______________ 10.______________答案：1.graduated;2.with;3.later;4.toreview;5.medical;6.using;7.finally;8.failures;9.which;10.wasawarded完形填空IwasinvitedtoattendapresentationattheKentuckySchool.ThateveningIfoundgratitudehadamazing1tochangeourattitudeandourlife.

TheyoungmusicianMrPatrickwas2ontothestageinhiswheelchairandbegantoplaythepiano.Hisfingersdanced3thekeysashemadebeautifulmusic.Hethenbegantosingasheplayed,anditwaswonderful.Butwhatshockedmemostwashis4smile.

MrPatrickwasbornwithnoeyesandanillnessinthelegs,which5himlameforlife.However,asachild,hewasfittedwithartificialeyesandplacedinawheelchair.Beforehisfirstbirthday,hediscoveredthepiano.6hismomhitanynoteonthepiano,andwithinoneortwotries,he’dgetit.Byhissecondbirthday,hewasplaying“Twinkle,Twinkle,LittleStar.”Hisfatherwas7.“Wemightnotplaybaseball,butwecanplaymusictogether.”

WhenPatrickwasattheUniversityofLouisville,hisfather8classeswithhim.Hewasalsoapartofthe214-membermarchingband!Hewasablind,wheelchair-boundtrumpetplayer;andheandhisfatherdidittogether.Hisfather9thenightshift(夜班)inordertoaccompanyhisdaytimebandpractice.Patricksays,“Mydad’smyhero.”

Butevenmorethanhis10musicaltalent,itwasPatrick’s“attitudeofgratitude”thattouchedmysoul.Onstage,betweensongs,hetalkedtotheaudienceabouthislifeandabouthow11hewaswithagreatfather.Whenhisperformancewasover,Patrickandhisfatherwereonthestagetogether.Thecrowdrosetotheirfeetand12foroverfiveminutes.

Weallfacemisfortuneinourlives.However,it’snotthehardshipbuthowwe13toitthatwilldeterminethejoyandhappinessinourlives.During14times,dowespendtoomuchtimefeeling15forourselves,orcanwe,withgratitude,learnhowtodanceintherain?

1.A.knowledge B.quality C.wisdom D.power2.A.rolled B.held C.allowed D.dragged3.A.through B.to C.across D.at4.A.strange B.magic C.bitter D.friendly5.A.took B.led C.forced D.left6.A.Before B.When C.Since D.Until7.A.confused B.amused C.interested D.overjoyed8.A.listed B.found C.attended D.organized9.A.worked B.found C.refused D.cancelled10.A.unbearable B.unreasonable C.unconditional D.unbelievable11.A.satisfied B.concerned C.blessed D.laughed12.A.cheered B.whispered C.shouted D.laughed13.A.see B.react C.agree D.put14.A.happy B.modern C.usual D.tough15.A.great B.sorry C.hopeful D.proud答案：1-5DACBD 6-10BDCAD 11-15CABDB【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。青年音樂家Patrick先生雖然身體殘疾,但是很有音樂天賦,他的爸爸為了他付出了很多,而Patrick先生對爸爸心懷感恩,這種情感讓作者非常感動。【解析】選D。knowledge知識;quality質量;wisdom智慧;power力量。句意:那天晚上,我發現感恩有驚人的力量可以改變我們的態度和生活。由下文可知,Patrick先生雖然身體殘疾,但是很有音樂天賦,而Patrick先生對爸爸心懷感恩,這種情感讓作者非常感動。所以作者發現感恩有驚人的力量可以改變我們的態度和生活。【解析】選A。rolled滾,推到;held召開;allowed允許;dragged拖。句意:年輕的音樂家Patrick先生坐著輪椅被推上了舞臺,開始彈鋼琴。由“inhiswheelchair”可知,年輕的音樂家Patrick先生是坐著輪椅被推上了舞臺。【解析】選C。through通過;to對于;across橫穿;at在……(里)。句意:他的手指在琴鍵上跳舞,奏出優美的音樂。琴鍵在一個平面上,手指在平面上橫穿才可以彈奏相關的琴鍵。所以across符合句意。【解析】選B。strange奇怪的;magic神奇的,美好的;bitter痛苦的;friendly友好的。句意:最令我震驚的是他那美好的微笑。Patrick雖然有諸多的先天性缺陷,但是他能奏出優美的音樂,而且很樂觀,所以最令作者震驚的是他那美好的微笑。【解析】選D。句意:Patrick先生出生時沒有眼睛,腿上患有一種疾病,這讓他終生跛足。leave在此表示“使處于……狀態”符合句意。【解析】選B。句意:當他媽媽在鋼琴上敲到任何一個音符時,他只要嘗試一兩次,他就學會了。分析句子可知,本句為when引導的時間狀語從句。【解析】選D。confused困惑的;amused愉快的;interested感興趣的;overjoyed欣喜若狂的。句意:他的父親非常高興。父親看到自己殘疾的兒子有音樂天賦,所以非常高興。【解析】選C。listed列出;found發現;attended參加;organized組織。句意:Patrick在路易斯維爾大學讀書時,他的父親和他一起上課。attendclasses“上課”符合句意。【解析】選A。worked工作;found發現;refused拒絕;cancelled取消。句意:他的父親上夜班是為了陪他白天的樂隊練習。由后面的inordertoaccompanyhisdaytimebandpractice可知,他的爸爸workedthenightshift“上夜班”。【解析】選D。unbearable無法忍受的;unreasonable不合理的;unconditional無條件的;unbelievable難以置信的。句意:但是,除了他難以置信的音樂天賦之外,更讓我感動的是Patrick“感恩的態度”。由前文可知,Patrick的音樂天賦令人難以置信。【解析】選C。satisfied滿意的;concerned關心的;blessed神圣的,有福的,愉快的;laughed笑。句意:在舞臺上,在歌曲之間,他向觀眾講述他的生活,以及他是多么有福氣有這樣一個偉大的父親。父親為自己的兒子付出了很多,使兒子變得自信,所以兒子很感激自己的父親,很幸運擁有這么一個偉大的父親。【解析】選A。句意:人們站起來,為他們歡呼了超過五分鐘。由“Thecrowdrosetotheirfeet”可知,人們站起來,他們用歡呼聲來表達對這對父子的敬意。【解析】選B。句意:然而,決定我們生活中快樂和幸福的不是困難,而是我們如何應對困難。reactto“對……做出反應”來說明如何應對困難決定了生活中的快樂和幸福。【解析】選D。句意:在困難時期,我們是花了太多的時間顧影自憐,還是懷著感激之情,學會在雨中跳舞?人只有在困難的時候,才會面臨兩種截然不同的選擇。15.【解析】選B。句意:在困難時期,我們是花太多的時間顧影自憐,還是懷著感激之情,學會在雨中跳舞?人只有在困難的時候,才會面臨兩種截然不同的選擇。是顧影自憐還是積極地面對并克服困難?besorryfor“對……感到難過”符合句意。閱讀理解（2016全國一）AYouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(1860-1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社區)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneedIn1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907-1964)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930-present)WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(參議員)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913-2005)OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RasaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoapassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.21.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A.Hersocialwork.B.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.C.Hereffortstowinaprize.D.Hercommunitybackground.22.WhatisthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.23.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheUS?A.JaneAddams. B.RachelCarson.C.SandraDayO’Connor. D.RossParks.24.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?A.Theyarehighlyeducated. B.Theyaretrulycreative.C.Theyarepioneers. D.Theyarepeace-lovers.答案：ACDCBInOctober,1961,atCrowleyFieldinCincinnatiOhio,anolddeafgentlemannamedWilliamE.HoystooduptothrowthefirstballoftheWorldSeries(世界職業棒球大賽).MostpeopleatCrowleyFieldonthatdayprobablydidnotrememberHoybecausehehadretiredfromprofessionalbaseball58yearsearlierin1903.However,hehadbeenanoutstandingplayerandthedeafpeoplestilltalkabouthimandhisyearsinbaseball.WilliamE.HoywasborninHouckstownOhioonMay23,1862.Hebecamedeafwhenhewastwoyearsold.HeattendedtheColumbusOhioSchoolforthedeaf.Aftergraduationhestartedplayingbaseballwhileworkingasashoemaker.Hoybeganplayingprofessionalbaseballin1886forOshkosh(Wisconsin)oftheNorthwesternLeague.In1888hestartedasanoutfielder(外場手)withtheoldWashingtonSenators.Hissmallfigureandspeedmadehimanoutstandingbaserunner.Hewasverygoodatstealingbasesduringhiscareer.Inthe1888majorleagueseason,hestole82bases.HewasalsotheSenators'leadinghitterin1888.Hoywascleverandhethrewright-hand