專題20閱讀綜合演練（2）1Grandmawasgoingtoturneighty-twoonFriday.IheardMomorderingacakefromthebakeryoverthephone.“Don’tputanyicingonit,”shesaid,“Justaplainangelcake.”Angelcakewithfreshstrawberrieswasherfavorite.SoMumwasready.ThatafternoonwhenDadcamehome,heshowedmethephonehehadboughtforGrandma.“Ithasspeed-dialing,”hesaid.“Shewon’thavetopushsomanybuttonswhenshecallsthedoctor’sofficeorhersister.”Dadlookedpleased.“Herfingersaresostiffwitharthritis(關節炎)thatthephoneseemsagoodidea.”Butwhataboutme?HereIwaswithonlyonedollarinmypocketandonenighttothinkofagift.EventhoughMomalwaysinsistedthat“it’sthethoughtthatcounts,”Ihadabigproblem.Mymindwasevenmoreemptyofideasthanmywalletwasemptyofmoney.WhenIhaveaproblem,itsometimeshelpstoshootafewbasketsinthedriveway.Dribble(運球),shoot,rebound.ForawhileIjustplayedwithouteventryingtothink.IbegantorememberbackbeforeGranddaddied.WhenweusedtovisittheminKentucky,Granddadshowedmehowtodoajumpshot.ThinkingaboutGranddadmademesigh.Grandma’slifewasalothappierwhenhewasalive.Swish!I’dmadetwoinarow.Suddenly,IrememberedagreenglassdishintheshapeofaleafthatGrandmausedtokeeponatablebackinKentucky.Itwasalwaysfullofthosered-and-white-stripedpeppermintcandies（薄荷糖）.Ihadn’tthoughtofthatdishforalongtime.MaybeitwaslostorbrokenwhenDadrentedthetruckandbroughtGrandmaandthebelongingstoOhio.Justthinkingaboutthatcandydishmademetastethepeppermintslowlydissolvingonmytongue.IcouldalmosthearGrandmasaying，“Helpyourselftoapieceofpeppermint,Burt.”Thatvoicehadasmilebehindit.ItwasavoiceIhadn’theardforalongtime.Aha!Itookonelastshot,thendribbledtothebackdoor,ranupthestepstwoatatime,andgrabbedmywallet.1.Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthor’sgrandma?A.Shehasdifficultymovingfingers. B.Sheloveshigh-techproducts.C.Shedoesn’tlikeaplaincake. D.Shehasasweettooth.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dissolving”meaninthelastparagraphbutone?A.Melting. B.Spreading. C.Sinking. D.Covering.3.Whatwouldthewriterprobablybuyintheend?A.Somethingtocontaincandies. B.Somethingbringinggoodmemories.C.Somethingconvenienttouse. D.SomethingtoGrandma’staste.4.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheGoodOldDays B.TheGiftofGratitudeC.TheThoughtThatCounts D.TheInspirationfromBasketball【答案】1.A2.A3.B4.C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者給奶奶準備生日禮物的故事。1.推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“Herfingersaresostiffwitharthritis(關節炎)thatthephoneseemsagoodidea.（她的手指因關節炎而僵硬，所以這個電話作為禮物似乎是個很好的主意。）”可知奶奶的手指動起來有困難。故選A。2.詞義猜測題。畫線句“Justthinkingaboutthatcandydishmademetastethepeppermintslowlydissolvingonmytongue.（一想到那盤糖果，我就嘗到了在舌頭上慢慢溶解的薄荷味。）”中的“tastethepeppermint（嘗到了薄荷味）”可知糖在舌頭融化，所以“dissolving”的意義為“融化”，故選A。3.推理判斷題。根據第五段最后一句“ThinkingaboutGranddadmademesigh.Grandma’slifewasalothappierwhenhewasalive.（想到爺爺，我不禁嘆了口氣。他活著的時候奶奶的生活要快樂得多。）”結合倒數第二段“Justthinkingaboutthatcandydishmademetastethepeppermintslowlydissolvingonmytongue.IcouldalmosthearGrandmasaying，“Helpyourselftoapieceofpeppermint,Burt.”Thatvoicehadasmilebehindit.ItwasavoiceIhadn’theardforalongtime.（一想到那盤糖果，我就嘗到了在舌頭上慢慢溶解的薄荷味。我幾乎能聽到奶奶說:“吃塊薄荷吧，Burt。”那聲音背后帶著微笑。那是一個我很久沒有聽到的聲音。）”可知作者想起了以前的歡樂的事情，一些具有從前記憶的東西也許能讓奶奶開心，可推測作者最后會去買帶來美好回憶的東西作為禮物。故選B。4.主旨大意題。根據第三段“Butwhataboutme?HereIwaswithonlyonedollarinmypocketandonenighttothinkofagift.EventhoughMomalwaysinsistedthat“it’sthethoughtthatcounts,”（但是我呢?我只有一美元在我的口袋和一個晚上想一件禮物。盡管媽媽總是堅持認為“心意才是最重要的”，）”可知作者想要給奶奶買禮物，但是錢不夠，媽媽的觀點是“心意是最重要的”，結合下文作者想了很久才想到帶著美好記憶的禮物，可知“心意才是最重要的”適合做本文的標題，故選C。2Settinggoalsiscommoninourlife.Welookahead,predictwhatmaymakeushappyinthefuture,andthennarrowdownthethingstosomethingspecific.Forthemostpart,havinggoalsisbetterthannothavingany,buttherearealsoproblemsthatcomewithspendinganentirelifelivingfromgoaltogoal.Foronething,wetrytopredictanunpredictablefuture.Whoistosaythatwhatyouwantnextyearisthesamethingyouwantrightnow?Whatifwhatyouwantrightnowisn'tintherightdirectionoverthelongterm?Secondly,andjustasimportantly,youonlyconfineyourexpectationsofhappinessandsatisfactiontothegoalyouhavesetsothatyouoftenforgetthatotherthingsinyourlifecanalsoaddjustasmuchjoytoyourexperience.Thiscreatesastrangeproblem.Tosolvethisproblem,wehavetomovetowardssomethingmoreunclear.Goingafterinterestingness.Ithink,iswhatweshoulddo.Interestingnessdoesn'tmeanlookingforpleasureonly.It’sdeeperthanthat.It'sdoingthatrandom(隨機的)projectyouhadnoplantodobecauseyouhaveafeelingthatyoumightjustlearnsomethingyoudidn'tknowaboutyourself.It'sseeingapersonyoujustmetnotasapossiblepartnerorsomeonewhocandosomethingforyoubutsimplyassomeonewhomayopenanew,unknownanduniqueworldforyou.Goalsincorrectlyassume(假設)thatwealreadyknowwhatwewant.Interestingnessismoremodest.Itmakesupitsmindasitmoves,slowlyblowingfromonethingtoanother,untilitcatchessomethingthatliesbeyondpredictionatlast.5.Settinggoalsistopredictanunpredictablefuturebecause__________.A.itignorespossiblechangesinourlifeB.itprovesmeaninglessinthelongrunC.itmayleadustotheoppositedirectionD.itfailstoreachourtruepossibilities6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Confine”probablymeaninthethirdparagraph?A.Devote. B.Limit. C.Deliver. D.Compare.7.What'sthebenefitofgoingafterinterestingness?A.Bringingusselfsatisfactionatonce.B.Improvingourrelationshipwithothers.C.Makingusgainsomethingunexpected.D.Helpingussuccessfullypredictthefuture.8.What'sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toeaseourworryaboutthefuture.B.Toexpressanewthoughtonsettinggoals.C.Topointoutdisadvantagesofanaimlesslife.D.Torecommendanewwayofachievingsuccess.【答案】5.A6.B7.C8.B【分析】本文是一篇議論文。人們都認為確立明確的目標很重要，但是文章從另一個角度闡述了設定目標帶來的種種問題以及解決措施。5.細節理解題。根據第二段中“Whoistosaythatwhatyouwantnextyearisthesamethingyouwantrightnow?Whatifwhatyouwantrightnowisn'tintherightdirectionoverthelongterm?”(誰能說你明年想要的和你現在想要的一樣？如果你現在想要的東西長期來看方向不對呢？兩個問句可知,設定目標忽視了我們生活中會發生的變化，所以它其實是在預測不可預測的。故選A。6.詞義猜測題。根據該畫線詞所在句中“...sothatyouoftenforgetthatotherthingsinyourlifecanalsoaddjustasmuchjoytoyourexperience.”(以至于你忘記了生活中的其他東西也能給你的經歷帶來同樣的快樂)可知,設定目標會讓我們把開心與滿足局限在這一個目標上，而忘了還有一些別的事也能帶給我們同樣的快樂，B選項limit的意思是限制，符合題意，故選B。7.細節理解題。根據“untiliteventuallygraspssomethingthatliesbeyondprediction.”(直到最后捕捉到無法預測的東西)可知，追求趣味性能讓我們有意外的收獲。故選C。8.推理判斷題。從文章第一段的最后一句“Forthemostpart,havinggoalsisbetterthannothavingany,buttherearealsoproblemsthatcomewithspendinganentirelifelivingfromgoaltogoal.”(大多數情況下，有目標比沒有好，但是在一個又一個的目標中度過一生也會帶來一些問題。)可知，文章是在講述一種新的觀點：設定目標會帶來的問題，且最后一段用“Goalsincorrectlyassume(假設)thatwealreadyknowwhatwewant”(目標讓我們錯誤地以為我們已得到了我們想要的東西。)作總結，再次指出目標會帶來問題，并不像大家所想的有很多好處，即對設定目標的新看法。B選項“Toexpressanewthoughtonsettinggoals.”一種設定目標的新看法，為短文的目的。故選B。3AyoungDutchinventoriswideninghisefforttocleanupfloating(浮動的)plasticfromthePacificOcean.Hehasdevelopedafloatingdevice(設備)tocatchplasticwastemovingintoriversbeforeitreachestheoceans.BoyanSlatwasjust18yearsoldwhenheinventedasystemforcatchingwasteintheocean.Healsosetupanenvironmentalgroupcalled“TheOceanCleanup”.Itspurposeistodevelopthesystem.Lastyear,Slatshowedthenextstep:afloatingdevicecalledInterceptor.Ittakesplasticoutofrivers.Thedeviceispoweredbyenergyfromthesun.“The1,000riversareresponsibleforabout80%ofplasticgoingintotheworld’soceans,”saidSlat.Threeofthemachineshavealreadybeenused.Eachmachinecostsabout$775,660,butthecostmightdropasproductionincreases.Sincetheywereused,themachineshavebeendoingverywell,collectingtheplasticbottlesandalltherubbishintherivers.AccordingtoSlat,itisnecessarytoclose“thetap”,whichmeansstoppingmoreplasticfromreachingtheoceaninthefirstplace.Hewantedtocleanthemallinthenextfiveyears.“Thisisnotgoingtobeeasy,butifwedogetthisdone,wecouldtrulymakeouroceansagain,”saidSlat.Thedeviceisdesignedtobesafeinrivers.Itsnoseisshapedtochangedirectionstokeepitawayfromlargerfloatingthings.Itworksbyguidingplasticwasteintoanopeninginthefrontofthedevice.Thewasteisthencarriedinsidethemachinewhereitisdroppedintocontainers(容器).Thedevicesendsatextmessagetolocaloperatorsthatcancomeandemptyitwhenitisfull.9.WhatdoweknowaboutInterceptor?A.Ithasn’tbeenusedyet.B.Itcanhelpsortwaste.C.Itismainlyusedunderthesea.D.Itneedsenergyfromthesuntowork.10.Whatisthedevice’snoseusedtodo?A.Toemptythewaste.B.Toserveascontainers.C.Toensure(確保)thedevice’ssafety.D.Tosendoperatorstextmessages.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Afloatingdeviceforcatchingplasticwaste.B.Ayoungwell-knownDutchinventor.C.Asystemformakingriverssafe.D.AnenvironmentalgroupcalledtheOceanCleanup.12.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Adictionary.C.Atravelbrochure. D.Amagazine.【答案】9.D10.C11.A12.D【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了荷蘭一位年輕的發明家發明的一個浮動的可以采集塑料垃圾的設備。9.細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Thedeviceispoweredbyenergyfromthesun.”可知，這個裝置是由太陽能驅動的，故選D項。10.細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“Thedeviceisdesignedtobesafeinrivers.Itsnoseisshapedtochangedirectionstokeepitawayfromlargerfloatingthings.（這個裝置被設計成在河流中是安全的。這個裝置的“鼻子”可以改變方向，使它遠離較大的漂浮物。）”可知，這個裝置的“鼻子”使這個裝置遠離較大的漂浮物，以確保它的安全，故選C項。11.主旨大意題。根據第一段中的“AyoungDutchinventoriswideninghisefforttocleanupfloating(浮動的)plasticfromthePacificOcean.Hehasdevelopedafloatingdevice(設備)tocatchplasticwastemovingintoriversbeforeitreachestheoceans.”可知，荷蘭一位年輕的發明家發明了一個浮動的可以采集塑料垃圾的設備；第二段“…Lastyear,Slatshowedthenextstep:afloatingdevicecalledInterceptor.Ittakesplasticoutofrivers.Thedeviceispoweredbyenergyfromthesun…”提到了這個裝置的工作原理等；第三段“Sincetheywereused,themachineshavebeendoingverywell,collectingtheplasticbottlesandalltherubbishintherivers…”提到，這個裝置的應用情況；第四段“Thedeviceisdesignedtobesafeinrivers….”提到這個裝置的安全問題。所以A項Afloatingdeviceforcatchingplasticwaste(收集塑料廢物的浮動裝置)為短文最佳標題，故選A項。12.推理判斷題。要介紹了荷蘭一位年輕的發明家發明的一個浮動的可以采集塑料垃圾的設備。所以短文是關于發明創造和環保的體裁。由此推斷出本文出自雜志，故選D項。4HaveyoueverwonderedhowyourfavoriteNBAteamreceiveditsfamousname?AllNBAteamshaveaninterestingstoryorahistorybehindtheirnames.Someofthenamesreflectthecity'scultureorhistory,otherscamefrompreviousownersandmanywereselectedthrough“NametheTeam”contests.ForteamslikeLosAngelesandUtah,thenameswerenotalwaysareflectionofthecity.EventhoughLosAngeleshasnolakes,theLakernamehasbeenacitytreasureforalmost40years.BeforegoingtoLosAngeles,theteamoriginatedinMinneapolis,Minnesota.In1948,teamofficialschosethenameforitsdirectrelationshiptothestate’smotto,“TheLandof10,000Lakes.”TheteamnamewentunchangedaftermovingtoLosAngelesin1960.BecauseUtah’steamoriginatedinNewOrleans,Louisiana,itwascalledtheJazz.In1974,NewOrleansclubofficialschosethenametorepresent(代表)thecityforitsreputationasthe“jazzcapitaloftheworld.”ThenamestayedwiththeteamevenafterfindinganewhomeinSaltLakeCity,Utahin1979.TheChicagoBull’soriginalowner,RichardKlein,namedtheteamtheBulls.Hepickedthenamebecauseafightingbullisrelentless,andnevergivesup.Klein,whofoundedtheclubin1966,believedthesequalitieswerenecessaryforachampionshipteamandhopedhisChicagoathleteswouldliveuptotheteamname.ItisabeliefthatBulls-winnerofthesixNBAchampionships-havedefinitelyfollowed.In1967,theIndianPacersselectedtheirteamnameinadifferentwayfrommostotherteams.TheirdecisionwasbasedonwhattheywantedtoaccomplishintheNBA.TeamofficialschosethePacersnamebecausetheorganizationwantedtosetthe“pace”inprofessionalbasketball.13.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.HistoryofNBAB.InterestingStoriesaboutNBAC.FamousNBATeamsD.StoriesbehindthenamesofNBATeams14.LosAngeles’teamisnamed“theLaker”because____________.A.theteamgotthisnameinanothercity,whichhadalotoflakesB.itwasnamedafteracitytreasureC.LosAngelesisacityoflakesD.thenamewasselectedfroma“NametheTeam”contest15.“Jazzcapitaloftheworld”refersto___________.A.SaltLakeCity B.NewOrleansC.LosAngeles D.Minneapolis16.RichardKleinnamedChicago’steam“theBulls”mainlybecause_______.A.hehadexpectedthesuccessoftheteamB.peopleinChicagousedtolikewatchingbullfightingC.ChicagowasthenacityfamousforfightingbullsD.hewishedtheteamtohavethequalitiesoffightingbulls【答案】13.D14.A15.B16.D【分析】本文是一篇說明文，本文主要介紹NBA球隊的隊名背后的故事，在后四段里分別介紹了“洛杉磯湖人隊、猶他爵士隊、芝加哥公牛隊和印第安納步行者隊”這四個隊名的歷史由來。13.主旨大意題。根據文章前兩句“HaveyoueverwonderedhowyourfavoriteNBAteamreceiveditsfamousname?AllNBAteamshaveaninterestingstoryorahistorybehindtheirnames.(你有沒有想過你最喜歡的NBA球隊的名字是怎么來的?所有NBA球隊的名字背后都有一個有趣的故事或歷史。)”可知本文主要介紹NBA球隊的隊名背后的故事，在后四段里分別介紹了“洛杉磯湖人隊、猶他爵士隊、芝加哥公牛隊和印第安納步行者隊”這四個隊名的歷史由來。故“NBA球隊名字背后的故事”可作為本篇的最佳標題。故選D。14.細節理解題。根據第二段三四句“BeforegoingtoLosAngeles,theteamoriginatedinMinneapolis,Minnesota.In1948,teamofficialschosethenameforitsdirectrelationshiptothestate'smotto,"TheLandof10,000Lakes.（在前往洛杉磯之前，該隊從明尼蘇達州的明尼阿波利斯出發。1948年，該隊的官員選擇了這個名字，因為它與該州的座右銘“萬湖之地”(theLandof10,000Lakes)有直接關系。）”可知湖人隊在搬到洛杉磯之前是在明尼蘇達的Minneapolis城，這個地方有很多湖泊，由此得名為湖人隊，后來才搬到洛杉磯。故選A。15.細節理解題。根據第三段前兩句“BecauseUtah'steamoriginatedinNewOrleans,Louisiana,itwascalledtheJazz.In1974,NewOrleansclubofficialschosethenametorepresentthecityforitsreputationasthe"jazzcapitaloftheworld.（因為爵士隊起源于路易斯安那州的新奧爾良，所以被稱為爵士隊。1974年，新奧爾良俱樂部官方選擇這個名字來代表這座享有“世界爵士樂之都”美譽的城市。）”可知，猶他爵士隊原來是在路易斯安娜的新奧爾良市，他們取名爵士是為了紀念新奧爾良市作為世界爵士樂之都的榮耀。故選B。16.推理判斷題。根據第四段二三句“Hepickedthenamebecauseafightingbullisrelentless,andneverquits.Klein,whofoundedtheclubin1966,believedthesequalitieswerenecessaryforachampionshipteamandhopedhisChicagoathleteswouldliveuptotheteamname.(他選擇這個名字是因為斗牛是無情的，永不放棄。Klein在1966年創立了該俱樂部，他相信這些品質對于一支冠軍球隊來說是必要的，并希望他的芝加哥運動員能夠名符其實。)”可推知，Klein選擇公牛為名是希望這支球隊能夠像公牛一樣永不放棄追求勝利。故選D。5WeallknowthatlittleexcitementfromcreatingapopularpostonFacebook.Watchingthenumberoflikescanbebothattractiveandaddictive.Thatsamebuzz(興奮)canhaveitsdisadvantages,though.Weallknowthefeelingofwatchingotherpeople’spostsgetunendingpositivefeedback.Wetellourselvesthattheonlyreasonwhythesepeoplearegettingattentionisthatthey’repopularandgood-looking.Wesinkintoself-loathing(自我討厭)andcomparison.Therefore,afterexperimentingwithhidinglikesonInstagraminselectcountries,Facebookisexploringdoingthesameonitsmainplatform.ThatFacebookisconsideringthisisencouraging.Afteryearsofappearingtoignorecriticismaboutitseffectsonsociety,thecompanyfinallyseemstobelistening.However,thereisabasicconflictbetweenFacebook’sbusinessmodelanditsnew-foundaltruism(利己主義).RelyingonFacebooktolookafteritsusers’mentalhealthisabitlikeaskingMcDonald’stokeepitscustomers’bloodpressureundercontrol:Atsomepoint,acompany’sneedtomakemoneyisnotinlinewithitssupposeddesiretodogood.Theproblemwithlikesisthattheymarkouthowsuccessfulorhappyothersare,whichinturncanpromoteafeelingofenvyandinsecurity.It’sarealphenomenon.However,Facebookwouldcertainlywantyoutopostthingsthatgetmorelikes.Thecompany’ssuccessreliesuponyoupostingmoreandencouragingmore“engagement”fromotherpeoplesothatthevalueofFacebook’stargetedadbusinessincrease.Facebook’srelianceonengagementisdeep-rooted,anditdestroysasupposeddesiretopreventtheplatformfromencouragingenvy.Withoutadoubt,hidinglikescanhavesomebenefit,butthewayFacebookisbuiltmeansthatthiswillalwaysbeasmallstepatbest.17.WhydoesFacebooktryhidinglikesonitsmainplatform?A.Tocatchmoreusers’eyes.B.Toreduceenvyfromotherpeople.C.Tospeedtheoperationoftheplatform.D.Toencourageusers’postingpositivethings.18.WhatcanweinferfromthecomparisonbetweenFacebookandMcDonald’s?A.Facebookfocusesmoreontheusers’interests.B.Facebookcareslessaboutusers’mentalhealth.C.Facebookmakesalotofmoneyfromtheusers.D.FacebookdoesbetterthanMcDonald’sinservice.19.Whatdoesmore“engagement”meantoFacebookaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Thegrowthofvalue. B.Moreusers’needs.C.Theincreasesofdesire. D.Moreusers’security.20.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsFacebook’shidinglikes?A.Critical. B.Positive.C.Objective. D.Indifferent.【答案】17.B18.B19.A20.C【分析】這是一篇說明文。作者對Facebook在其平臺上“隱藏贊”這一行為進行了客觀的分析和評價。17.細節理解題。根據第二段中“Wesinkintoself-loathing(自我討厭)andcomparison.Therefore,afterexperimentingwithhidinglikesonInstagraminselectcountries,Facebookisexploringdoingthesameonitsmainplatform.”可知，我們陷入自我厭惡和攀比之中。因此，在某些國家試驗了在Instagram上隱藏“喜歡”之后，Facebook正在探索在其主要平臺上做同樣的事情。由此可知，Facebook試圖在其主要平臺上隱藏“喜歡”，以減少其他人的嫉妒。故選B項。18.推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“RelyingonFacebooktolookafteritsusers’mentalhealthisabitlikeaskingMcDonald’stokeepitscustomers’bloodpressureundercontrol:Atsomepoint,acompany’sneedtomakemoneyisnotinlinewithitssupposeddesiretodogood.”可知，依賴Facebook來照顧用戶的心理健康，有點像要求麥當勞控制顧客的血壓：在某種程度上，一家公司賺錢的需要與它理應做善事的愿望是不一致的。因此，我們從Facebook和麥當勞的對比中可以看出，Facebook不太關心用戶的心理健康。故選B項。19.細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Thecompany’ssuccessreliesuponyoupostingmoreandencouragingmore“engagement”fromotherpeoplesothatthevalueofFacebook’stargetedadbusinessincrease.”可知，公司的成功依賴于你發布更多的信息并鼓勵更多的人參與進來，這樣Facebook的目標廣告業務的價值才會增加。由此可知，更多用戶的engagement，對于Facebook來說意味著更高的商業價值。故選A項。20.推理判斷題。A.Critical批評的；B.Positive.積極的；C.Objective.客觀的；D.Indifferent.中立的。根據文章最后一句“Withoutadoubt,hidinglikescanhavesomebenefit,butthewayFacebookisbuiltmeansthatthiswillalwaysbeasmallstepatbest.(毫無疑問，隱藏“贊”會有一些好處，但Facebook的構建方式意味著這充其量只是一小步)”可知，作者對Facebook的行為給與了肯定，但是又根據其構建方式來評論其行為只是一小步。由此可知，作者的觀點非常客觀。故選C項。6King'sPoint(Canada)(AFP)—Atdusk,touristsarcamazedatthebreakdownofanicebergattheendofitslongjourneyfromGreenlandtoCanada'scastcoast,whichnowhasafrontrowscattothemelting(觸化）oftheArctic’sice.Whiletherestoftheworldnervouslyeyestheeffectofglobalwarming,meltingicebergshavebreathednewlifeintothefarcoastalvillagesofNewfoundlandandLabrador.Onceacenterofcod(鱈魚)fishing,theprovincenowplayshosttolargegroupsofphotographersandtouristshopingtosecthebreathtakingicemelt.Aswinterends,icebergfindingbegins.Theincreaseintourismaroundhereinthepast10to15yearshasbeenunbelievable.Lastyear,atotalof500,000touristsvisitedNewfoundlandandLabrador,anumberalmostaslargeastheprovince'stotalpopulation.Thosevisitorsspentnearly$433million,governmentnumbersshow.Thetourismboomhashelpedsolvethedecreaseintheregionstraditionalfishingindustry,whichisincrisis(危機)becauseofoverfishingattheendofthelastcentury.Butundertheshinysurfaceofeconomicsuccessisthedarktruththattheareaisinpartprofitingfromglobalwarming.TheArcticiswarmingthreelimesfasterthantherestoftheworld.Inmid-July,recordtemperatureswererecordedneartheNorthPole.Inrecentyears,theicebergshavetraveledfurtherandfurthersouth.Fornow,touristsarcenjoyingtheviewandtheexperiencewhiletheycan.LaurentLucazcau,a34-year-oldFrenchtourist,saidseeinganicebergwasupsetting.“Itisapictureofglobalwarmingtoseeicebergsmakingittotheseplaceswherethewateriswarm,”hetoldAFP.“There’ssomethingmysteriousandimpressiveaboutit,butknowingtoothattheyarcnotsupposedtobeheremakesyouwonder,andit’salittlescary.”21.WhatcanwelearnaboutthetourisminNewfoundlandandLabrador?A.Itbenefitslocaleconomy. B.Itbotherslocalpeople.C.Itpreventsglobalwarming. D.Ithurtsthefishingindustry.22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thetotalnumberoftouristsisthesameastheprovince'stotalpopulation.B.Theshinyeconomicsuccessismoreimportantthanglobalwarming.C.AllofthetouristsarcenjoyingtheviewalongCanada'scastcoast.D.Inmid-July,theArcticismuchwarmerthaneverbefore.23.WhatcanbeinferredfromLaurentLucazcau'swords?A.SummeriscomingtoanendinKing'sPoint.B.NewicebergswillformalongtheCanadiancoast.C.Visitorsdon'tknowwhyicebergscomedownsouth.D.Theviewisasignofseriousenvironmentalproblems.【答案】21.A22.D23.D【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。主要講述了當世界其他地區緊張地注視著全球變暖的影響時，融化的冰山為遙遠的沿海村莊紐芬蘭和拉布拉多注入了新的活力，促進了其經濟的發展，但可能會帶來嚴重的環境問題。21.推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Onceacenterofcod(鱈魚)fishing,theprovincenowplayshosttolargegroupsofphotographersandtouristshopingtosecthebreathtakingicemelt.Aswinterends,icebergfindingbegins.Theincreaseintourismaroundhereinthepast10to15yearshasbeenunbelievable.Lastyear,atotalof500,000touristsvisitedNewfoundlandandLabrador,anumberalmostaslargeastheprovince'stotalpopulation.Thosevisitorsspentnearly$433million,governmentnumbersshow.”可知，該省曾經是捕鱈魚的中心，現在卻接待了大批攝影師和游客，希望借此見證這場驚心動魄的冰川融化。隨著冬天的結束，冰山的發現開始了。在過去10到15年里，這里旅游業的增長令人難以置信。去年，共有50萬游客參觀了紐芬蘭和拉布拉多，這個數字幾乎和該省總人口一樣多。政府數據顯示，這些游客花費了近億美元。因此可以看出，關于紐芬蘭和拉布拉多的旅游業，我們可以了解到，有益于當地經濟。故選A。22.細節理解題。根據文章第四段“TheArcticiswarmingthreelimesfasterthantherestoftheworld.Inmid-July,recordtemperatureswererecordedneartheNorthPole.”可知，北極變暖的速度比世界其他地區快三倍。7月中旬，北極附近出現了創紀錄的氣溫。因此可以看出，7月中旬，北極比以前更暖是正確的選項。故選D。23.推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Itisapictureofglobalwarmingtoseeicebergsmakingittotheseplaceswherethewateriswarm”可知，看到冰山流向水溫很高的地方，這是一幅全球變暖的圖景。再結合“There’ssomethingmysteriousandimpressiveaboutit,butknowingtoothattheyarenotsupposedtobeheremakesyouwonder,andit’salittlescary.”可知，這里面有一些神秘和令人印象深刻的東西，但它們不應該出現在這里，這讓你感到奇怪，這有點可怕。因此可以看出，LaurentLucazcau認為冰山融化，全球變暖，會出現一些由于變暖不該出現的東西，所以環境問題將會嚴重，因此從LaurentLucazcau的話中可以看出，這個景象是嚴重環境問題的跡象。故選D。7Picturethis:You’researchingtheInternetandcomeacrossawebsitewithinterestingarticles.Somearenewsstories.Theirgoalistoshareinformation.Othersonlylooklikenewsstories.They’reactuallyadvertisements,orads.Thegoalofanadistogetyoutobuysomething.Howdoyou,thereader,tellthedifferencebetweenanewsstoryandanad?BackwhenIwasgrowingup,itwaseasier.Wegotmostofourinformationfromnewspapers.Bignewsstoriesappearedonthefrontpage,andadswereboxedoffandclearlylabeled.ButontheInternet,thetwoareoftenpresentedtogether.Itcanbehardtotellwhichiswhich.That’swhytheresearchgroupIdirectconductedastudy.Myresearchteamshowedkidslikeyouthehomepageofapopulardigitalmagazine.Weaskedthemtotelluswhatwasanewsstoryandwhatwasanad.Mostweregreatatidentifyingcertaintypesofads.“Ithasacouponcode,abigcompanylogo,andthewordslimitedtimeoffer,”onestudentwroteaboutanadonthesite.Sowheredidkidsgetstumped?Someadsseemthesameasrealnewsstories.Theyhaveheadlinesandcontaininformation.Buttheymayalsoincludethewordssponsoredcontent.Sponsoredmeans“paidfor,”andcontentreferstotheinformationinthestory.“Sponsoredcontent”isawayofsayingthatsomethingisanad.Mostkidsinourstudy,eveniftheyusedtheInternetoften,didn’tknowthis.Justbecausesomethingissponsoreddoesn’tnecessarilymeanit’sfalse.Itmeanssomeonepaidmoneyforittoappear.Companiespaysothatreaderswillseetheirstories,buytheirproducts,andlikewhatthecompanystandsfor.Asareader,youhavearighttoknowwho’sbehindtheinformationyou’reconsuming.Solookforthephrasesponsoredcontent.(Andlookcarefully.Sometimes,itwillbewrittenintinyletters.)TheInternetisavastseaofinformation.Touseitwell,wenotonlyhavetoknowhowtoswimbutalsohowtoavoidthesharks.LearningtotellthedifferencebetweenanadandanewsstoryisanimportantsteptobecomingInternetsmart.24.Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphisto______.A.tellthedifferencebetweenanewsstoryandanadB.criticizethewebsitesfortoomanyadsonthemC.showthewriter’spreferencefornewspapersD.makereadersinterestedandinvolvedinwhatisgoingtobetalkedabout25.Sponsoredcontentmeans______.A.thewebsitegetspaidforallowingsomethingtoappearonitB.somethingisfalseC.somethingisn’tnecessarilyanadD.readershavetobuytheproductsadvertisedonthewebsite26.Whatdoes“sharks”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Fierceseaanimals.B.VerybadpeopleontheInternet.C.Unwantedinformation.D.Websiteswhichcontainads.27.Whichisthebesttitle?A.WatchOutforTrapsontheInternetB.MaketheMostoftheInternetC.BeInternetSmartD.BeAwareofYourRights【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.C【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了讀者上網時會碰到新聞報道和廣告，讀者要學會分辨新聞報道和廣告之間的區別。24.推理判斷題。根據第一段的內容“Picturethis:You’researchingtheInternetandcomeacrossawebsitewithinterestingarticles.Somearenewsstories.Theirgoalistoshareinformation.Othersonlylooklikenewsstories.They’reactuallyadvertisements,orads.Thegoalofanadistogetyoutobuysomething.Howdoyou,thereader,tellthedifferencebetweenanewsstoryandanad?（想象一下：你在互聯網上搜索，發現一個網站上有有趣的文章。有些是新聞故事，他們的目標是分享信息。其他的只是看起來像新聞故事，他們實際上是廣告。廣告的目標是讓你買些東西。你，讀者，如何說出在新聞報道和廣告之間的區別？）”再結合文章主要是為了讓作者能夠區分新聞和廣告，可推知第一段的目的是讓讀者對將要談論的話題感興趣并參與其中。故選D。25.推理判斷題。根據第四段的“Sponsoredmeans“paidfor,”andcontentreferstotheinformationinthestory.（贊助的意思是“付費的”，內容指的是故事里的信息）”以及“"Sponsoredcontent"isawayofsayingthatsomethingisanad”（“贊助內容”是一種表示某物是廣告的方式）可推知，Sponsoredcontent（贊助內容）指的是需要付費閱讀的內容。即，一個網站因允許某些東西出現在上面而得到報酬。故選A。26.詞義猜測題。根據最后一段中的“Solookforthephrasesponsoredcontent.TheInternetisavastseaofinformation.Touseitwell,wenotonlyhavetoknowhowtoswimbutalsohowtoavoidthesharks.”（因此尋找“贊助內容”。互聯網是一個巨大的信息海洋。為了很好地使用互聯網，我們不僅要知道如何“游泳”，而且還應該知道如何避免“鯊魚”。）可知，這里的“游泳”指的是在無窮盡的信息海洋里閱讀，而“鯊魚”指的是需要避免的信息/內容。再由倒數第三段中的““Sponsoredcontent”isawayofsayingthatsomethingisanad.（“贊助內容”是一種表示某物是廣告的方式）”可知，出現贊助方的信息意味著讀者讀到的是一則廣告。綜上