PAGEPAGE20中國(guó)某某信息學(xué)校學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)題目：淺析商務(wù)談判中的跨文化因素姓名：0000班級(jí)、學(xué)號(hào)：0000、00000系(部)：經(jīng)濟(jì)管理系專(zhuān)業(yè)：商務(wù)英語(yǔ)指導(dǎo)教師：000000開(kāi)題時(shí)間：2009-4-10完成時(shí)間：2009-11-012009年11月01目錄畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū)…………………1畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)定表……………2答辯申請(qǐng)書(shū)……………………3-5正文…………6-22答辯委員會(huì)表決意見(jiàn)……………23答辯過(guò)程記錄表…………………24課題淺析商務(wù)談判中的跨文化因素課題(論文)提綱0.引言1.商務(wù)談判與文化的關(guān)系2．跨文化差異的主要表現(xiàn)2.1思維方式的差異2.2價(jià)值觀與時(shí)間觀念的差異2.3倫理與法制觀念的差異3.談判的方式。對(duì)比了英國(guó)，美國(guó)與中國(guó)的談判方式4.應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際商務(wù)談判中文化差異的策略4.1談判前做好充足的準(zhǔn)備4.2樹(shù)立跨文化寬容意識(shí)學(xué)會(huì)換位思考4.3克服溝通障礙5.結(jié)論二、內(nèi)容摘要現(xiàn)在由于世界經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的趨勢(shì)越來(lái)越強(qiáng)勢(shì)國(guó)家間的合作和關(guān)系越來(lái)越緊密。同時(shí)因?yàn)槲覈?guó)的改革開(kāi)放及成功加入世界貿(mào)易組織，我國(guó)與其他國(guó)家的關(guān)系變得越來(lái)越緊密。不同的文化談判變得也越來(lái)越頻繁，因此我們的談判人員在談判的過(guò)程中需更關(guān)注文化。在此有很多方面影響文化差異，比如說(shuō)：思維，理念和時(shí)間等等。因此，中西對(duì)文化差異的正確理解變得越來(lái)越重要。只有當(dāng)我們對(duì)文化差異有一個(gè)正確理解和認(rèn)識(shí)，才能在商務(wù)談判中作出更好的決策，并更好地服務(wù)我們的社會(huì)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)三、參考文獻(xiàn)[1]肖靖.論國(guó)際商務(wù)談判中的跨文化策略[J]．商場(chǎng)現(xiàn)代化，2005:6[2]姚立.商務(wù)談判[M]．北京:中國(guó)城市出版社，2003:5[3]曹菱主編.商務(wù)英語(yǔ)談判[G]，外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社，2004

[4]謝曉鶯主編.商務(wù)英語(yǔ)談判[G]，中國(guó)商務(wù)出版社，2005

[5]邱革加,楊國(guó)俊主編.雙贏現(xiàn)代商務(wù)英語(yǔ)談判[M]，中國(guó)國(guó)際廣播出版社，2006OnCross-culturalElementsinBusinessNeogtiationsYangJuanqiAbstract:Nowadaysthecooperationandrelationshipbetweencountrieshavebecomecloserandcloserbecousethetendenceoftheworld"seconomyglobalizationbecomestrongerandstronger.withtheongingofthechinaopeningandreformpolicy,andsuccessinentrytheWTO,therelationshipbetweenourcountryandothercountriesintheworldwillalsobecomecloserandcloser.variousinter-cultrualnegociationbecomemoreandmorefrequrent,soaboutdifferentMuchattantionispaidbybusinessmenintheinter-culturalnegotiation.therearemanyaspectsthataffectthefactorsofculturaldifferency,suchas;thought,ideologyandtimeetc.,therefore,correctunderstandingofculturaldifferencybetweenchinaandwesterncountriesbecomesmoreandmoreimportant.Andonlywhenwemakeagoodunderstandingandrecognitioncorrectlyaboutthedifferentculturesbetweenourcountryandwesterncountriescanwehaveabetterpolicyinbusinessnegotiation,andservethesocialistmarketeconomy.[Keywords]:cross-culturaldifference;internationalbusinessnegotiation;countermeasure0.IntroductionWiththeemergenceofeconomicglobalizationandChina’sentryintoWTO,internationalbusinessbecomesincreasinglyintercultural.Asinternationalbusinessrelationsgrow,sodoesthefrequencyofbusinessnegotiationsamongpeoplefromdifferentcountriesandcultures.Andthatcancreateconsiderablechallengesforbusinessrepresentativesunfamiliarwiththeculturesofdifferentgroups.Sotheinterculturalapproachtointernationalbusinessnegotiationhasattractedincreasingacademicattention.Negotiationscaneasilybreakdownbecauseofalackofunderstandingoftheculturalcomponentinthenegotiationprocess.Therefore,tothesuccessfulnegotiations,thetwosidesmustfirstunderstandtheculturaldifferences.Negotiatorswhotakethetimetounderstandtheapproachthattheotherpartiesarelikelytouseandtoadapttheirownstylestothatonearelikelytobemoreeffectivenegotiators.Thusinaninterculturalnegotiation,inadditiontothebasicnegotiationskills,itisimportanttounderstandtheculturaldifferences,andtomodifythenegotiationstyleaccordingly.Thispaperfocusonthefourdimensionsofcultureanddifferentnegotiatingstylestoillustratetheimportanceoftheculturefactorsinbusinessnegotiation.1.NegotiationandCultureTheverydefinitionofnegotiation,initsmodernsense,canvaryfromculturetoculture.Whatanegotiationisdesignedtoaccomplishisseendifferentlybydifferentgroupsofpeople.Beforeoneevencomestothetable,suchdifferencesinthemeaningorpurposeofthenegotiationaffectthenegotiation,ashowonedefinestheprocessofnegotiatingisculturallydetermined.Someculturesseeitonlyasanopportunitytobargain,othersastheestablishmentofalifetimerelationshipthatgoesbeyondtheoccasionalmeeting,stillothersasanopportunitytodemonstratetheircapacityforeloquenceanddebate.Somedonotseenegotiationasaprocessatall.Forinstance,AmericansandEuropeanstendtoseenegotiationsasacompetitiveprocess;theChineseandtheJapaneseseeitasacollaborativeendeavor.Sotherearemanymorechallengesinaninterculturalenvironmentthaninacoss-culturalsetting.Interculturalnegotiationsareannegotiationwherethenegotiatingpartiesbelongtodifferentculturesanddonotsharethesamewaysofthinking,feeling,andbehavior.Thenegotiationprocessisgenerallymorecomplexbecauseculturalnormsmayundermineeffectivecommunication.2.Cross-culturaldifferencesmainreflections:Inthelongprocessofhistoricaldevelopmentinvariouscountrieshasgraduallydevelopedadistinctiveculture.TheseculturesarequitedifferentInmanyways,Specificallyinthefollowingareas:2.1DifferencesinwaysofthinkingDifferentcultureshavetheirownwaysofthinking,thinkingstyleandthinkingfeatures.whichso-calledthinkingdifferency.Businessnegotiationisthenegotiatorsmotionprocessofthethinkingmovement.Thewayofthinkinginchinaisemotional.Therefore,inthenegotiationprocess.Chinesepeopletendtoemphasizetheexperience.Thewayofthinkinginwestisrational.Theyarefocusedonthetruth.Chinesetraditionalthinkingareaccustomedtostartingfromtheoverallthings,andwhatismore,theyalsoemphasizetheinterconnectednessofthingsandtheoverallfunction.TheWesterntraditionalofthinkingismorefocusedontheindividualmodeofthinking,whichWithaclearpurpose,planning,anddemandtheoppositesex.Chinesepeoplepayattentiontocurvesofthinking,theyareaccustomedtodescripingtheproblemfromanotherangle,Tryingtoavoidtodirectlypointouttheinformationcenter.TheWesternemphasisonthelineofthinking.TheyStraighttothepointwhentheywanttoexpressideas.2.2differencesinthetimeandvaluesIndifferentculture.Values,therewillbeverydifferent.Anunderstandingofapopularvaluescompetenceinthesociatywhichplayaveryimportantroleinthecross-culturalcommunication.ChinesepeoplehavealwaysacceptedConfucianeducationandedification,sotheconceptofaltruismhasalonghistoryinChina.WhileWesternerstendtobelieveinindividualism.Self-servingconceptofWesternculturehasbecomeacollectiveconsciousness.Differentcultureshavedifferentconceptoftime.ForexampleforAmericans,theyhaveastrongsenseoftime,andtheirwholelifecompletelysubjecttostrictandprecisetiming.whiletheChinesepeople'sconceptoftimeratherweak.2.3DifferencesintheconceptofethicsandtheruleoflawChineseculture,accustomedtoavoidingtothinktheproblemsinlegal,whileitfocusontheissuefromtheethicalandmoralconsiderations.Chinesepeopleattachimportancetoofficialshuman,theyareweakinasenseoflaw,andtheyareaccustomedtorelyingontheofficertoconductthe“back”transactions,tousingbythemediatoplaytheroleofethics.WesternEthicsthinkthatthecountrymustmakethelawaconcretemanifestationofthenationalmoralconcepts,iftheruleoflawisnotbeimplemented,itcannotmeettheethicalrequirementsoftheidealstate.Sothattheyusuallyuselegalratherthanbyconscienceandmoralrole.3.NegotiatingStyleItmustbeemphasizedthatthereisnoonerightapproachtonegotiations.Thereareonlyeffectiveandlesseffectiveapproachesandthesevaryaccordingtomanycontextualfactors.Asnegotiatorsunderstandthattheircounterpartsmaybeseeingthingsverydifferently,theywillbelesslikelytomakenegativejudgmentsandmorelikelytomakeprogressinnegotiations.Theresearchandobservationsbymostscholarsindicatefairlyclearlythatnegotiationpracticesdifferfromculturetocultureandthatculturecaninfluence“negotiatingstyle”--thewaypersonsfromdifferentculturesconductthemselvesinnegotiatingsessions.Forexample,U.S.negotiatorstendtorelyonindividualistvalues,imaginingselfandotherasautonomous,independent,andself-reliant.Thisdoesnotmeanthattheydon’tconsult,butthetendencytoseeselfasseparateratherthanasamemberofawebornetworkmeansthatmoreindependentinitiativesmaybetaken.Americannegotiatorstendtobecompetitiveintheirapproachtonegotiations,includingcomingtothetablewithafallbackpositionbutbeginningwithanunrealisticoffer.Therefore，Americannegotiatorsoftenactinanimpersonalway--“businessisbusiness”istheirmaxim.Besides,Americannegotiatorsarealwaysmission-driven--anxioustobringpartiesconcernedintoagreement,andtheyhavelittleinterestinbuildingupanyrelationship.Furthermore,Americannegotiatorsliketobeopenlychallengedforthenegotiation,andtheythinkitisquitenormaliftheyrunintoanyconflictwithanypartyconcerned.Chinesenegotiatorsalsolookforwardtolong-termpartnership.UnlikeAmericanegotiators,theyarenotinahurrytopushforanagreement.Generallythereisaslowstartto“warmup”,andthenitisfollowedbysometentativesuggestions.LiketheirJapanesecounterparts,Chinesenegotiatorsdonotexpectanyopenconflictforwhateverreasons,andtheyaretryingto“saveface”forbothsides.TheChinesearereservedandknownfortheirhospitalityandgoodmanners.TheChineseconsidermutualrelationshipsandtrustveryimportant.Therefore,timewillbespentinthebeginningenjoyingteaandsocialtalk.However,theyaresomeofthetoughestnegotiatorsintheeyesofforeignnegotiators.Technicalcompetenceofnegotiatorsisnecessary,andanon-condescendingattitudeisimportantbecausetheChineseresearchtheiropponentsthoroughlytogainacompetitiveadvantageduringnegotiation.Nothingisfinaluntilitissigned;andtheyprefertouseanintermediary.TheChinesedelegationwillbelarge.Theyrarelyuselawyers,andinterpretersmayhaveinadequatelanguageskillsandexperience.AlthoughChinesenegotiatorsimplythatthereisnocompromiseorthirdchoice,inrealitythereisampleroomforcompromise.Evenasdifferentapproachestonegotiationacrossnationalculturesareidentified,changeisconstant.InternationalbusinessculturetendstoprivilegeWesternapproachestonegotiation,centeringonproblem-solvingandlinearcommunication,asdomanysettings.AsWesternnormsarebalancedwithEasternvalues,andlocaltraditionsarebalancedwithregionalandnationalapproaches,negotiationpracticescontinuetheirglobalevolution.Culturecaninfluencethewayinwhichpersonsperceiveandapproachcertainkeyelementsinthenegotiatingprocess.Knowledgeoftheseculturaldifferencesmayhelpnegotiatorstobetterunderstandandinterprettheircounterpart’snegotiatingbehaviorandtofindwaystobridgegapscreatedbyculturaldifferences.Equallyimportant,professionalandoccupationalculturemaybeasimportantasnationalcultureinshapingaperson’snegotiatingstyleandattitudestowardthenegotiationprocess.Iftrue,negotiatorsshouldatleastnotetwoimportantimplications.First,practitionersneedtotakeintoaccountprofessionalculture,aswellasnationalculture,intheirstudiesandanalysisoftheimpactofcultureonnegotiatingtable,negotiatorsfromdifferentculturesbutwithsimilaroccupationalorprofessionalbackgroundsmightseektotheelementsoftheirprofessionalcultureintryingtobridgetheculturalgapbetweenthem.4.dealwithculturaldifferencesintheinternationalbusinessnegotiationsConflictsandcontradictionsintheBusinessnegotiationsexistfromtimetotime.toimprovethesuccessrateofthenegotiations,Relevantpeopleshouldpayparticularattentiontothefollowingquestions.4.1makeadequatepreparationbeforenegotiationBeforenegotiatewithforeignbusinesspeople,wemustunderstandtheparties'customsandcultureasmuchaspossible,whichaimatavoidingsomespecialstressthatdonotknowwhichmadeotherparty'sunhappiness.Andevenaffectingthebusinessnegotiationprocessandresults.Inaddtion,weshouldfullyunderstandthesituationofnegotiatingpartners,includingotherstakeholdersofnationalandculturalcircumstances.4.2setupthesenseofcross-culturaltolerance,learnempathyNegotiatorsneedtorespecteachother’sthinkingpatternswhentheynegotiate.Cross-culturalbehaviordoesnotmeansimplytoadapttoeachother,butforthekeypointistostandineachother'spositiontoconsidertheissue,Namely,empathy.IntheCross-borderbusinessnegotiations,weusuallyputEconomicinterestsfirst.thereisanotherpointweshouldbefollow-donotmakeimpropercommentoneachother'sculturalnorms,Thiscaneasilyleadtosharpconflicts.4.3overcomethecommunicationbarrierInordertosuccessfullyachievetheobjectivesofthenegotiations.Negotiatorsuseasimplewaythatisclearandfrankaspossibletoexpresstheirthoughts.thatistosay,Donotbeambiguous,vague.Tothegreatestextentpossibleweshouldreducethetwosidesinthelanguageoftheunknownarea.Generallyspeaking,BusinessEnglishnegotiationrequirestheuseoftranslation.Asatranslator,youshouldnotonlyuseproficientlanguages,butalsoyoushuoldhavetheappropriateexpertise.atThesametime,youshouldhaveadeepunderstandingofthethenegotiatingStates'culture.Now,wehaveunderstoodhowtodowiththeculturaldifferencesintheinternationalbusinessnegotiations.nextletusseewhatdicisionsdothecountriesmakewhentheyfacetothecross-culturedifferency.Chinesepeople’sdecisionisalwaysmadebythecommunity,generallyspeaking,wetrytoavoidmakingdecisionbyoneself.TheChinesenegotiatinggroupalwaysexchangeviewsandadjuststrategiescorrespondentlybeforethenegotiation,duringthenegotiation,andafterthenegotiation.Whentheoppositeside’sproposalsbeyondthepowerofChinesenegotiators,theyhavetoaskforthehigherauthoritygivethefinaldecisionbyleaders’collectivediscussion.InAmerican,theindividualcanrepresentthecompanytomakedecision.TheAmericannegotiatorspossessenoughpowertomakedecisiononthetopicofthenegotiationwithintheirauthorizedpower.Differentdecision-makingmechanicsareformedbydifferentreasons.Chineseculturebelongstothehighpowerdistance.Thatistosay,theinterpersonalrelationshipisportraitofranksasaresultoftheexperience,position,knowledgelevel,andsoon.Peoplepaymoreattentiontothestatusdifferencewhichaffectsourpersonalmannerateverymoment.TheChinesecultureisbasedontheethicsanddeeplyinfluencedbytheConfucianism.ChinesehalfclosedcontinentalgeographicalconditionsandConfucianismofsmall-scalepeasanteconomynurtureandbringupfertilesoil.Thisisbecausethereliabilityofagriculturecivilizationtothelandstrengthensthereliabilityofindividualtothefamily,whichconsolidatesthekinship.Whereasthecollectivitybasedonthekinshipisasolidgradestructure.Fatherdominatesthesonjustastheeldertotheyoung,itdoesn’texistequalitybetweenthem.Thekinofgradecan’tbechanged,getridofandsurpass.thecoreofConfucianismistoestablishandproveloyaltyoftheministertothemonarch,theintimacybetweenthefatherandson,thedistinctivebetweencouples,theorderbetweentheelderandtheyoung,andthetrustbetweenfriends.。TheConfucianismintensifythesocialgradelevelsystem,insummary,Chinesealsoacceptthefactsthatlackofautonomyinbusinessnegotiation.TheChinesenegotiatorsholdlimitedpower,andthefinaldecisionisalwaysmadebythehigherauthoritieswhoareusuallynopresentinthenegotiatingprocess.TheAmericanculturebelongstothelowpowerdistance.Asaresultoftheinfluenceoftheequality,theinterpersonalrelationshipusuallytakesonalandscapeorientation,whichmeansthatthetwosidesareequal,soarethetwonegotiatingsides.Theyarefreeandequalandcareleesabouttheformalbusinessetiquette,chinchin,ranksofseatsandsoon.TheAmerican‘sequalityviewisdeeprootedinwesterncivilization.TheGreececivilizationisthegroundworkofwesterncivilization.ThedevelopmentoftheancientGreececommercialeconomycreatestheoldestancientcommercialcivilization.Withthedevelopmentofthecommercialeconomy,theinterpersonalrelationshipbasedonkinshiprapidlydisaggregatesandisreplacedbythenewtypeofinterestrelationship——contractrelationship.Theestablishmentofcontractrelationshipmeansequalitybetweeneachother,foronlysetuponthebasisofequality,itcanperformanceitsfunction,maintainthenormalorderofcommercialeconomy,andfinallymakethecommercialeconomyrunwiththecanonofeconomics.Meanwhile,withthefoundationoftheancientGreecedemocraticstatesystem,democraticreplacestheauthority.Thechangeofsocialoriginationmarksthatthesocialorganizationalstructuretakestheequalityasitsheartinsteadofitsranks.TheAmericangovernmentpublishedtheindependencedeclarationin1776,andthoughtthefreedom,live,andpursuinghappinessasthreerights.equalityhasbeenrealizedbylaw.Astheequalityidea,alongwiththelegalrightsguaranteedbylaw,theAmericanpeoplebecomemoreandmoreawareofindividualvalue.Thus,inAmericanculture,theyputthepersonalvaluerealizationontheforemostposition.Theyworshipfreedom,quality,andcompetition.AmericanpeoplewillemphasizetheimportanceofindividualsinnegotiatingInshort,theinternationalbusinessnegotiationsaresubjecttomanyculturalfactors,in-depthstudyofcross-culturalfactorsontheimportanceofinternationalbusinessnegotiations.Aslongasweareabletocorrectlyunderstandtheculturaldifferences,understandingofdifferentethnicandculturalbackgroundsandfullyrespectthenegotiatingpartners.Willbeabletoovercometheseculturalbarrierstobringthenegotiationstosuccess.5.ConclusionTherehasbeenmuchresearchinthefieldofnegotiation,andthereisfortunatelynowagooddealofinformationaroundthatcanguideusinourquesttobecomebetternegotiators.Mostlikely,aswithmanyoftheotherskillsmentionedinthepaper,wehavetolearnhowtonegotiatethroughtrialanderror.Mostlikely,wehavedevelopedparticularindividualstylesthatwearecomfortablewith.However,researchhasshownthattherearecertainwaysofnegotiatingthataresimplymoreproductivethanothers.Mostimportanttoushere,perhaps,isthefactthattheresearchoneffectiveversuslesseffectiveinternationalnegotiationstylesseemstosupportcertainaspectsofthewaysomeculturesnegotiate,whilediscouragingotheraspects.Negotiatorsasmembersofsocietyareledeasilyintoattitudesofculturalbarrier.Theonlywaytoovercomethatbarrieristocreateawarenessofone’sownculturalsystembyunderstandinghowotherpeoplebehaveinanothersystem.Thenegotiator,fromhisknowledgeofhisopponent’scultureandhissensitivitytoit,canadapthisbehaviortothesituationandservetheinterestsoftheinteraction.Themoreandbetterthecommunication,thegreatertheamountofinformationsharedorextracted,andthegreaterthebuild-upoftrust,themorelikelyisthepossibilityofcreatingthesatisfactionthatnegotiatorsareexchangingattheendoftheday.Inordertobeeffectivethenegotiatorsoperateasdetectivessearchingforcluestothevaluesandinterestsoftheircounterparts.Theyavoidassumptionsaboutpartnerconcerns;theylookforwhatdoesmattertothepartnerratherthanwhatshouldmatter.Inshort,theymustbecarefulnottoallowculturalstereotypestodeterminehisorherrelationswithlocalbusinesspersons.參考文獻(xiàn)：[1]肖靖.論國(guó)際商務(wù)談判中的跨文化策略[J]．商場(chǎng)現(xiàn)代化，2005:6[2]姚立.商務(wù)談判[M]．北京:中國(guó)城市出版社，2003:5[3]曹菱主編.商務(wù)英語(yǔ)談判[G]，外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社，2004

[4]謝曉鶯主編.商務(wù)英語(yǔ)談判[G]，中國(guó)商務(wù)出版社，2005

[5]邱革加,楊國(guó)俊主編.雙贏現(xiàn)代商務(wù)英語(yǔ)談判[M]，中國(guó)國(guó)際廣播出版社，2006基于C8051F單片機(jī)直流電動(dòng)機(jī)反饋控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與研究基于單片機(jī)的嵌入式Web服務(wù)器的研究MOTOROLA單片機(jī)MC68HC（8）05PV8/A內(nèi)嵌EEPROM的工藝和制程方法及對(duì)良率的影響研究基于模糊控制的電阻釬焊單片機(jī)溫度控制系統(tǒng)的研制基于MCS-51系列單片機(jī)的通用控制模塊的研究基于單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)的供暖系統(tǒng)最佳啟停自校正（STR）調(diào)節(jié)器單片機(jī)控制的二級(jí)倒立擺系統(tǒng)的研究基于增強(qiáng)型51系列單片機(jī)的TCP/IP協(xié)議棧的實(shí)現(xiàn)基于單片機(jī)的蓄電池自動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)基于32位嵌入式單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的圖像采集與處理技術(shù)的研究基于單片機(jī)的作物營(yíng)養(yǎng)診斷專(zhuān)家系統(tǒng)的研究基于單片機(jī)的交流伺服電機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)研究與開(kāi)發(fā)基于單片機(jī)的泵管內(nèi)壁硬度測(cè)試儀的研制基于單片機(jī)的自動(dòng)找平控制系統(tǒng)研究基于C8051F040單片機(jī)的嵌入式系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)基于單片機(jī)的液壓動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)儀開(kāi)發(fā)模糊Smith智能控制方法的研究及其單片機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)一種基于單片機(jī)的軸快流CO〈,2〉激光器的手持控制面板的研制基于雙單片機(jī)沖床數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的研究基于CYGNAL單片機(jī)的在線間歇式濁度儀的研制基于單片機(jī)的噴油泵試驗(yàn)臺(tái)控制器的研制基于單片機(jī)的軟起動(dòng)器的研究和設(shè)計(jì)基于單片機(jī)控制的高速快走絲電火花線切割機(jī)床短循環(huán)走絲方式研究基于單片機(jī)的機(jī)電產(chǎn)品控制系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)基于PIC單片機(jī)的智能手機(jī)充電器基于單片機(jī)的實(shí)時(shí)內(nèi)核設(shè)計(jì)及其應(yīng)用研究基于單片機(jī)的遠(yuǎn)程抄表系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與研究基于單片機(jī)的煙氣二氧化硫濃度檢測(cè)儀的研制基于微型光譜儀的單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)軟件構(gòu)件開(kāi)發(fā)的技術(shù)研究基于單片機(jī)的液體點(diǎn)滴速度自動(dòng)檢測(cè)儀的研制基于單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的多功能溫度測(cè)量?jī)x的研制基于PIC單片機(jī)的電能采集終端的設(shè)計(jì)和應(yīng)用基于單片機(jī)的光纖光柵解調(diào)儀的研制氣壓式線性摩擦焊機(jī)單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的研制基于單片機(jī)的數(shù)字磁通門(mén)傳感器基于單片機(jī)的旋轉(zhuǎn)變壓器-數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換器的研究基于單片機(jī)的光纖Bragg光柵解調(diào)系統(tǒng)的研究單片機(jī)控制的便攜式多功能乳腺治療儀的研制基于C8051F020單片機(jī)的多生理信號(hào)檢測(cè)儀基于單片機(jī)的電機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)Pico專(zhuān)用單片機(jī)核的可測(cè)性設(shè)計(jì)研究基于MCS-51單片機(jī)的熱量計(jì)基于雙單片機(jī)的智能遙測(cè)微型氣象站MCS-51單片機(jī)構(gòu)建機(jī)器人的實(shí)踐研究基于單片機(jī)的輪軌力檢測(cè)基于單片機(jī)的GPS定位儀的研究與實(shí)現(xiàn)基于單片機(jī)的電液伺服控制系統(tǒng)用于單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)的MMC卡文件系統(tǒng)研制基于單片機(jī)的時(shí)控和計(jì)數(shù)系統(tǒng)性能優(yōu)化的研究基于單片機(jī)和CPLD的粗光柵位移測(cè)量系統(tǒng)研究單片機(jī)控制的后備式方波UPS提升高職學(xué)生單片機(jī)應(yīng)用能力的探究基于單片機(jī)控制的自動(dòng)低頻減載裝置研究基于單片機(jī)控制的水下焊接電源的研究基于單片機(jī)的多通道數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)基于uPSD3234單片機(jī)的氚表面污染測(cè)量?jī)x的研制基于單片機(jī)的紅外測(cè)油儀的研究96系列單片機(jī)仿真器研究與設(shè)計(jì)基于單片機(jī)的單晶金剛石刀具刃磨設(shè)備的數(shù)控改造基于單片機(jī)的溫度智能控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)基于MSP430單片機(jī)的電梯門(mén)機(jī)控制器的研制基于單片機(jī)的氣體測(cè)漏儀的研究基于三菱M16C/6N系列單片機(jī)的CAN/USB協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換器基于單片機(jī)和DSP的變壓器油色譜在線監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)研究基于單片機(jī)的膛壁溫度報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)基于AVR單片機(jī)的低壓無(wú)功補(bǔ)償控制器的設(shè)計(jì)基于單片機(jī)船舶電力推進(jìn)電機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)基于單片機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的振動(dòng)信號(hào)的采集系統(tǒng)基于單片機(jī)的大容量數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用研究基于單片機(jī)的疊圖機(jī)研究與教學(xué)方法實(shí)踐基于單片機(jī)嵌入式Web服務(wù)器技術(shù)的研究及實(shí)現(xiàn)基于AT89S52單片機(jī)的通用數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)基于單片機(jī)的多道脈沖幅度分析儀研究機(jī)器人旋轉(zhuǎn)電弧傳感角焊縫跟蹤單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)HYPERLIN