主語＋不及物動詞（S+Vi）主語＋及物動詞＋賓語(S+Vt+O)

主語＋系動詞＋表(S+LV+predicative)

主語＋雙賓動詞+間賓+直賓(S+Vt+O.indir+O.dir)

主語＋賓補動詞＋賓語＋賓語補語

(S+Vt.+O+O.compl)There+be/stand/lie/live...簡單句的五種基本句型主語、動詞（不及物動詞、及物動詞、雙賓動詞、系動詞、賓補動詞)、賓語及補語可以稱為基本句子成分。完整的句子一般至少包含2個基本成分，至多4個基本成分。簡單句的擴展成份簡單句的主語、賓語可以加上一個短語（如定語）來擴展，及物動詞或不及物動詞也可以與其它短語（如狀語）連用進行擴展。Iboughtaraincoatwithawarmlining.Thedogjumpedthroughthewindow.Heissavinguptobuyamobilephone.Abrightlittleboywithrosycheeksputthreebottlesofmilkquietly

onmydoorstep

beforeseveno’clock.Heworkedlikeamadman

inthegarden

onSaturday.Theyounggirlwithlongblackhairseemstobeveryhappy.兩個簡單句的主語可以連詞and、but、both..and、either…or、neither…nor、notonly…butalso等連詞連接組成一個簡單句，但應注意主語和謂語動詞的一致性。ThebossisflyingtoParis.HissecretaryisflyingtoParis.

Theboss

and

hissecretary

areflying

toParis.

Both

theboss

and

hissecretary

areflying

toParis.ThebossisflyingtoRome.HissecretaryisnotflyingtoRome.

Theboss

butnot

hissecretary

isflying

toRome.ThebossmaybeflyingtoBerlin.HissecretarymaybeflyingtoBerlin.

Either

theboss

or

hissecretary

isflyingto

Berlin.ThebossisnotflyingtoYork.Hissecretaryisn’tflyingtoYork.

Neither

theboss

nor

hissecretary

isflying

toYork.主語、謂語、賓語的合并兩個簡單句的賓語可由and、both…and等連詞連接組成一個簡單句。ImetJane.Imetherhusband.

ImetJaneandherhusband. ImetbothJaneandherhusband.Itwascold.Itwaswet.

Itwascoldandwet.Ididn’tmeetJane.Ididn’tmeetherhusband.

Ididn’tmeeteitherJaneorherhusband. ImetneitherJanenor

herhusband.兩個或兩個以上限定動詞也可合并為一個簡單句。Wesangallnight.Wedancedallnight.

Wesanganddancedallnight.主語、謂語、賓語的合并并列句需把幾個意思連接在一起時，可用分號或把兩個或幾個簡單句用并列連詞連接起來，這種結構即構成一個并列句。用分號：Wefishedallday;wedidn’tcatchathing.用分號，后跟一個連接副詞：Wefishedallday;however,wedidn’tcatchathing.用并列連詞（如and、but、so、yet等）Wefishedallday,but(we)didn’tcatchathing.并列句常用并列連詞

coordinatingconjunctions平行并列連詞:轉折并列連詞：因果并列連詞:

選擇并列連詞:and,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor,andthenbut,however,while,yetfor,soor,either…or,neither…nor并列句并列句的詞序：并列句基本上保留了簡單句的詞序。主語 謂語賓語連詞主語動詞表語Jimmyfelloffhisbikebut(he)wasn’thurt.五種簡單句型可用并列連詞連接起來組成并列句。

主謂狀（方式）連主謂表Frankworkedhardand(he)becameanarchitect.主謂賓連主謂地點I’vegotacold,soI’mgoingtobed.

主謂賓賓補連主謂賓Theymadehimchairman,but(they)didn’tincreasehissalary.Exercise:請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句。Hewastired,sohewenttobed.1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.

2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.3.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.Hemadeapromise,butHedidn’tkeepit.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.由一個主句和一個或者一個以上從句所構成的句子。在英語書面語中應用廣泛。主句是一個完整的句子,它可以獨立存在。從句是一個不完整的句子,它必須和一個主句連用，不能獨立存在。復合句可以通過把兩個以上簡單句連接在一起構成,但復合句的各組成部份并非同等重要，其中一個句子由從屬連詞引導（從句），用以修飾另一句子（主句）。復合句=主句+從句復合句復合句是在簡單句的基礎上，通過從屬連詞將兩個或兩個以上簡單句連接在一起而構成。從屬連詞所引導的從句起形容詞、名詞、副詞的作用。復合句主要包含以下類型從句：1.名詞性從句：即主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句

2.定語從句3.狀語從句英文寫作中最常使用的從句賓語從句狀語從句定語從句復合句與簡單句：復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句Hetoldme

thenews.that

thematchhadbeencancelled.賓語howmuchhewaspreparedtopayformycar.thatIcouldhavethemoneywithoutdelay.howmuchhewaspreparedtopayformycarandthatIcouldhavethemoneywithoutdelay.when

hewasleavingforParis.thathisfatherwasworkinginthatschool.賓語從句復合句與簡單句：復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句Idon’tknowhim.Hehasfinishedhisworkthathehasfinishedhiswork.whetherhehasfinishedhiswork.賓語從句HeisleavingforWashington.thatheisleavingforWashington.whenheisleavingforWashington.whyheisleavingforWashington.howheisleavingforWashington.whetherheisleavingforWashington.狀語從句1.WhenIwalkalongwithtwoothers,Imaybeabletolearnfromthem.3.If

youjudgepeople,youhavenotimetolovethem.

4.Hedidn’tstopstudying,though/althoughhewasill.時間狀語從句條件讓步老是審視別人的話，你就騰不出時間去愛他們了。2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.地點5.IcanbecauseIthinkIcan.我行，因為我相信我行！.6.Weeat,sothat/inorderthat

welive.原因目的7.HespokesofastthatIcouldn’tfollowhim.結果8.Shetreatshimasif

hewereherson.方式9.Themoreyoupractice,theeasieritbecomes..比較復合句與簡單句：復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句Heworked

inthatfactorythreeyearsago.地點狀語時間狀語wherehisfatherworkedinthatfactorywhereIlivedwhenhelivedthereHisfatherworkedthere.Ilivedthere.Helivedtherethreeyearsago.復合句與簡單句：復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句Putthebook

onthedesk.whereyoutookit.whereitwas.地點狀語where

youfoundit.Youcan’tcamphere.wheretherearealotoftrees.whereveryoulike.復合句與簡單句：復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句thepeople

surprisedThatWhathesaidwhathedid主語Thathedidn’tknowtheanswerintheroom.定語whoweresittingintheroom.whowerepresent.whosesonswereatwar.whohadsignedthecontract.復合句與簡單句：復合句=簡單句+從屬連詞+簡單句That

isthefact.表語what

heneeds.whathegaveme.why

hewaslate.because

hewasill.what

hashappened.指出下列各從句的類型Ibelievethateverythingisgoingonwell.ShewasreadinganovelwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestinmyclass.賓語從句狀語從句定語從句Practice用所給連詞連接句子。Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.Istillremembertheday.IfirstwenttoYorkonthatday.(when)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttoYo