分詞作狀語現在分詞（doing）作狀語AA動詞-ing形式在句子中做狀語，表示的動作是主語動作的一部分，與謂語動詞表示的動作或狀態是同時或者幾乎同時發生的。B句子的主語必須是狀語的邏輯主語；而且主語與作狀語的分詞之間呈邏輯上的主謂關系。現在分詞作狀語的分類：1.1.原因狀語（相當于原因狀語從句）1)BecauseIsawnooneathome,Idecidedtocomeagain.看見沒有人在家，我決定再來一趟。=Seeingnooneathome,Idecidedtocomeagain.2)Becauseshewasill,shedidn’tgotoschooltoday.因為生病，她今天沒上學去。=Beingill,shedidn’tgotoschooltoday.

2.2.時間狀語(相當于when,while等引導的從句)1)Whenheheardthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.當聽到這個好消息時，他高興地跳了起來。=Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.2)WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.當我走在街上時，我看到了我的朋友。=Walkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.3.3.伴隨狀語，與謂語所表示的動作同時發生。1)HesatatthetablereadingChinaDaily.

他坐在桌子旁看《中國日報》。2)Talkingandsmiling,theywentintotheroom.

他們又說又笑地走進房間。4.4.結果狀語，表示事情順其自然產生的結果。1)Themotherdied,leavingalotofmoneyforherchildren.母親去世了，給她的孩子留下了一大筆錢。5.5.條件狀語（相當于if等引導的從句）Ifyouturnright,youwillfindtheplaceyouwant.往右轉彎，你就會找到你要找的地方了。=Turningright,youwillfindtheplaceyouwant.=1\*ROMANI.根據提示，用分詞的形式完成句子。1.____________________hertelephonenumber,Icouldn’tringherup.由于不知道她的電話號碼，我無法打電話給她。2.____________________,wewillgothereonfoot.天氣好的話，我們將步行去那里。3.____________________,ImetMary.

上學時我遇見了瑪麗。4.Iturnoffthelight,____________________.

我把燈關了，所以什么也看不見。5._____________________,youwillsucceed.

努力工作，你就會成功。6._____________________hisletter,Idecidedtowritetohim.沒收到他的來信，我決定給他寫信。7.Hestood,____________________(lean)againstthewall.8.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,____________________(make)itthemostpopularsong.答案：1.Notknowing

2.Weatherpermitting3.Whilegoingtotheschool

4.seeingnothing5.Workinghard

6.Notreceiving

7.leaning

8.making=2\*ROMANII.詞匯運用1.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth，_________seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.A.caused

B.havingcaused

C.causing

D.tocause2._________

atmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.A.Looking

B.Look

C.Tolook

D.Looked3.TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,_________thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.A.enabling

B.havingenabled

C.toenable

D.tohaveenabled4Theladywalkedaroundtheshops,_________aneyeoutforbargains.A.keep

B.kept

C.keeping

D.tokeep5.Lotsofrescueworkerswereworkingaroundtheclock,_________

suppliestoYushu,Qinghaiprovinceaftertheearthquake.A.sending

B.tosend

C.havingsent

D.tohavesent6.Hehadawonderfulchildhood,_________withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.A.travel

B.totravel

C.traveled

D.traveling7.Thenewsshockedthepublic,_________togreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.A.havingled B.led C.leading

D.tolead8.

He

sent

me

an

e-mail,

________

to

get

further

information.

A.

hoped

B.

hoping

C.

to

hope

D.

hope答案：CAACA

6.DCB過去分詞（doing）作狀語過去分詞表示完成或被動，作狀語時，表示動作發生的背景或者情況，在意義上相當于一個狀語從句，其省略的主語（邏輯主語）是主句的主語，且與主語之間存在被動關系。過去分詞作狀語可以表示時間、條件、方式、原因、讓步等。過去分詞的否定式是將not放在其前面。一、過去分詞作狀語時的具體用法：過去分詞作時間狀語時，相當于一個時間狀語從句。有時過去分詞前可加連詞when或while來強調時間概念.例：1.Asked(Whenhewasasked)whathadhappened,hisfaceturnedred.當他被問及發生了什么的時候，他的臉紅了。2.Whenheated(Whenitisheated),waterchangesintosteam.當加熱時，水變成水蒸氣。3.Seenfromthemoon(Whenitisseenfromthemoon),theearthlooksgreen.從月亮上看時，地球是綠色。過去分詞作原因狀語時，相當于一個由as,since,because等詞引導的原因狀語從句。例：1.Deeply(Becausetheywere)movedbythemovie,thechildrenbegantocry.由于被電影深深地感動，孩子們哭了起來。2.Frightened(Becauseshewasfrightened)bythehorrormovie,thegirldidn'tdaretosleepalone.因為被驚悚電影嚇壞了，這個女孩不敢單獨睡覺。3.Caughtinaheavyrain(Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain),hewasallwet.因為遇到了一場大雨，他全身都濕了。過去分詞作條件狀語時，通常放在句子的前面，相當于if,unless等引導的條件狀語從句。例：1.Comparedwithyou(Ifwearecomparedwithyou),westillhavealongwaytogo.和你們比起來，我們還有很長的一段路要走。2.Givenafewminutes(IfIamgivenafewminutes),I’llfinishit.再給幾分鐘的時間，我就會完成了過去分詞作讓步狀語時，相當于一個以though/although引導的讓步狀語從句，這類分詞或分詞短語一般放在句子前面。例：1.Left(Althoughhewasleft)athome,Johndidn'tfeelafraidatall.雖然John被單獨留在房間里,他一點都不害怕。2.Invitedbyhim(ThoughIwasinvitedbythem),Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.即使被邀請，我也不會參加聚會的。過去分詞作狀語表方式或伴隨狀語時不用狀語從句替換，但可以改寫成并列句。例：1.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,(andshewas)followedbyherlittledaughter.她走出房子，后面跟著她小女兒。2.Shesatbythewindow,(andshewas)lostinthought.她坐在窗邊，陷入了沉思。二、過去分詞與現在分詞作狀語的區別：過去分詞表完成、被動，與主句的主語之間是被動關系；現在分詞表進行、主動，與主句的主語之間是主動關系。試比較：Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.跟著那個老人,我們上了樓。=Wefollowedtheoldman,andwewentupstairs.Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.我們上了樓,后面跟著那個老人。=Wewerefollowedbytheoldman,andwewentupstairs.Seenfromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.從上面看,體育場好像一個鳥巢。Seeingfromspace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.從太空看,宇航員看不到長城。【判斷正誤】1.完成作業后，孩子們出去踢足球了。Finishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(×)Havingfinishedtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(√)Withtheirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(√)Afterfinishingtheirhomework,thechildrenwentouttoplayfootball.(√)2.當他過馬路時，一輛車撞到了他。Crossingtheroad,acarknockedhimdown.(×)Crossedtheroad,hewasknockeddownbyacar.(×)Crossingtheroad,hewasknockeddownbyacar.(√)Whenhewascrossingtheroad,acarknockedhimdown.(√)【單項選擇】____intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.Translating B.Translated C.Totranslate D.Havingtranslated____therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars.A.Giving B.Havinggiven C.Togive D.Given____animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous. A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.Tooffer____twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog. A.Beingbitten B.Bitten C.Havingbitten D.Tobebitten____fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisa