考研英語（二）真題及解析2022年討論生入學統一考試英語二真題及解析已經公布，詳情如下：

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions：

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

whydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful?Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertainty,accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewiill2tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill3.

Inaseriesoffourexperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstestedstudentswillingnessto4themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity.Forone5eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment.Thetwist?Halfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhenclicked.

Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified;anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified7leftaloneintheroom,thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould8.Subsequentexperimentsreproducedthiseffectwithotherstimuli,9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.

Thedriveto10isdeeplyrootedinhumans,muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor11orshelter,saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago.Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan12newscientificadvances,forinstance-butsometimessuch13canbackfire.Theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo14thingsisaprofoundone.Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto15,however.Inafinalexperiment,participantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage.Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughononescuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.Thinkingaboutlong-term20iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity.Hseesays.Inotherwords,dontreadonlinecomments.

1.A.resolveB.protectC.discussD.ignore

2.A.refuseB.waitC.seekD.regret

3.A.riseB.lastC.misleadD.hurt

4.A.alertB.tieC.exposeD.treat

5.A.messageB.trialC.reviewD.concept

6.A.removeB.weakenC.deliverD.interrupt

7.A.UnlessB.IfC.ThoughD.When

8.A.happenB.continueC.disappearD.change

9.A.ratherthanB.suchasC.regardlessofD.owingto

10.A.disagreeB.forgiveC.forgetD.discover

11.A.payB.marriageC.foodD.schooling

12.A.beginwithB.restonC.learnfromD.leadto

13.A.withdrawalB.inquiryC.persistenceD.diligence

14.A.self-destiuctiveB.self-reliantC.self-evidentD.self-deceptive

15.A.resistB.defineC.replaceD.trace

16.A.predictB.overlookC.designD.conceal

17.A.rememberB.chooseC.promiseD.pretend

18.A.reliefB.planC.outcomeD.duty

19.A.whetherB.whyC.whereD.how

20.A.limitationsB.investmentsC.strategiesD.consequences

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.

Mr.Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering.HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization,butpractical.Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbikechain?

AsKoziatekknows,thereislearninginjustabouteverything.Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum.Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle.

Buthesalsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice.Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiority.Schoolsinthefamilyofvocationaleducation"havethatstereotype..thatitsforkidswhocantmakeitacademically,'hesays.

Ononehand,thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmericasevolution.Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas.ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated.Moreeducationisthenewprinciple.Wewantmoreforourkids,andrigitfullyso.

Buttheheadlongpushintobachelorsdegreesforall-andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless-missesanimportantpoint:ThatsnottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneds.Yes,abachelorsdegreeopensmoredoors.Butevennow,54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljobs,suchasconstructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing.Butonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained.

Inotherwords,atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalhead,frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing,oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface.Thereisagapinworking-classjobs,buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostarentequippedtodothem.KoziateksManchesterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap.

Koziateksschoolisawake-upcall.Wheneducationbecomesone-size-fits-all,itrisksoverlookinganationsdiversiyofgifts.

21.Abrokanbikechainismentionedtoshowstudentslackof______.

A.mechanicalmemorization

B.academictraining

C.practicalability

D.pioneeringspirit

22.Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho______.

A.arefinanciallydisadvantaged

B.arenotacademicallysuccessful

C.haveastereotypedmind

D.havenocareermotivation

23.WecaninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates______.

A.areentitledtomore"ducationalprivileges

B.arereluctanttoworkinmanufacturing

C.usedtohavemorejobopportunities

D.usedtohavebigfinancialconcerns

24.Theheadlongpushintobacheloisdegreesforall_____.

A.helpscreatealotofmiddle-skilljobs

B.maynarrowthegapinworking-classjobs

C.isexpectedtoyieldabetter-trainedworkforce

D.indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducation

25.TheauthorsattitudetowardKoziateksschoolcanbedescribedas_____.

A.supportive

B.disappointed

C.tolerant

D.cautious

21.答案Cpracticalability

這是一道細節題，依據題干關鍵詞可定位至其次段最終一句話,意思是'什么時候這種觀點變得可接受了呢?同學應當能夠說出美國第十三任總統的名字，但是卻完全對壞了的自行車鏈束手無策'。從使用問句的形式就可推斷出并不接受這種觀點，即同學只學會書本上的學問而不具備實際力量。再結合上一句話即本段其次句話，MrKoziatek是NewHampshire高中的一名老師，在這所學校，學習不只是書本上的學問，或者是為了考試，也不是為了機械化的記憶，而是為了實際的技能。能看出，認為同學們缺少的是實際技能，所以答案是Cpracticalability.

22.答案Barenotacademicallysuccessful

這是一道詳細細節題，依據題干關鍵詞職業教育對孩子存在的偏見可定位至第四段最終一句，意思是"在許多職業化教育的學校中，有這樣一種老套的思想，那就是，職業教育是針對那些在學術上不能勝利的那些孩子的。'依據這句話可確定答案就是Barenotacademicallysuccessful。其他選項均不符合文意。

23.答案Cusedtohavemorejobopportunities

這是一道細節推斷題，依據題干第五段和highschoolgraduates回到原文定位致第五段第三句，說到美國經濟曾經供應給高中畢業生的那種thejobsecurity已經在很大程度上evaporated也就是消逝了，那說明過去的時候高中畢業生是有職業平安感的，故選C，其他選項都不在定位處，可以排解。

24.答案Dindicatetheovervaluingofhighereducation

這是一道事實細節題，依據題干內容"theheadlongpush'找到出處是第六段開頭But后，發覺后面還有一個and...和其并列，所以主要關注對這兩部分的評價，后面有明顯的標點：冒號消失，冒號后說thatisnottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneeds.可以看出這句話對前面的否定，選項中只有D選項動詞overvalue是負面詞，而且提到主題詞education。故選D。這道題最適合用感情顏色來排解與D相反的其他三個選項。

25.答案Asupportive

這是一道態度題，放在最末的態度題更傾向于到最終一段找答案。通過定位詞Koziateksschool看到最終一段也的確提到了，說它是一個wake-upcall。也就是在喚醒人們教育不應當是統一的形式，這樣會overlookinganationsdiversityofgifts，也就是忽視人才的差異性。所以可以看出是支持的態度。

Text2

Whilefossilfuels-coal,oil,gas-stillgenerateroughly85percentoftheworldsenergysupply,itsclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar.Themovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld:Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.

SomegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedBusinssestofundcleanerenergysources.Butincreasinglythestoryisabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables,especiallywindandsolar.Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetaone-thirdinthepasteightyears.

Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource.InScotland,forexample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes.Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablyChinaandEurope,theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift.InMarch,forthefirsttime,windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS,reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration.

PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels-especiallycoal-asthepathtoeconomicgrowth.InarecentspeechinIowa,hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource,ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa,wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestateselectricitygeneration-andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.

Thequestion"whathappenswhenthewinddoesntbloworthesundoesntshine?hasprovidedaquickput-downforskeptics.Butaboostinthestorageapacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely.

Theadvanceisdriveninparbyvehiclemanufacturers,whoareplacingbigbetsonbattery-poweredelectricvehicles.Althoughelectriccarsarestillararityonroadsnow.thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincomingyears.

Whiletheresalongwaytogo,thetrendlinesforrenewablesarespiking.Thepaceofchangeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingupperhaps:justintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinslowingclimatechange.WhatWashingtondoes-ordoesntdo-topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatimeofaglobalshiftinthought.

26.Thewordplummeting(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto______

A.stabilizing

B.changing

C.falling

D.rising

27.AccordingtoParagraph3,theuseofrenewableenergyinAmerica______

A.isprogressingnotably

B.isasextensiveasinEurope

C.facesmanychallenges

D.hasprovedtobeimpractical

28.ItcanbelearnedthatinIowa,

______.

A.windisawidelyusedenergysource

B.windenergyhasreplacedfossilfuels

C.techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergy

D.thereisashortageofcleanenergysupply

29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs56?A.Itsapplicationhasboostedbatterystorage.B.Itiscommonlyusedincarmanufacturing.C.Itscontinuoussupplyisbecomingareality.D.Itssustainableexploitationwillremaindifficult.30.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy_____.

A.willbringtheUSclosertoothercountries

B.willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange

C.isnotreallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

D.isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost

30.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy_____.

A.willbringtheUSclosertoothercountries

B.willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange

C.isnotreallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

D.isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost

26.答案Cfalling

這是一道詞義句意題，要想知道plummeting的意思，首先要回到原文找線索，即plummeting所在的句子以及上下句，由原文可知，plummeting所在句子是在說現在例如風能和太陽能這樣的可再生資源的價格的問題，plummeting是修飾可再生資源的價格的，接著二段最終一句就在用詳細數字來證明可再生資源的成本在下降，如太陽能成本下降了百分之八十，風能也降到三分之一，由此可知，可再生資源的成本在下降，plummeting的含義是下降的意思。所以選擇Cfalling。

27.答案Aisprogressingnotably

這是一道詳細細節題，依據題干關鍵詞定位至第三段第三句及第四句，意思是"在中國和歐洲等國家已經領先時，美國也在見證著巨大的轉變。依據美國能源信息局報道，三月份，美國首次使用風能和太陽能產生了超過百分之十以上的能源。'這足以說明在美國，可再生能源的使用正在取得顯著地進步。所以答案是A。

28.答案Awindisawidelyusedenergysource

這是一道細節推斷題，依據題干關鍵詞定位至第四段第三句，在愛荷華州，風力渦輪機點綴著這個州并供應了此州百分之三十六的電能，并且還吸引了像微軟這樣的科技巨頭公司。因此可推斷，在愛荷華州，風能是一種廣泛使用的能源。所以答案是A。

29.答案Citscontinuoussupplyisbecomingareality

這是一道是非細節題，依據題干給出的段落位置，5-6兩段和主題詞cleanenergy，回到原文的第5-6段，這兩段都不長，第五段消失了But后講到電池容量的提升aboostinthestorage，與A選項不符，并不是因果關系，故排解;B選項說道廣泛用在制造業也不符合原文第六段第一句;而D選項和原文第六段最終一句是語義相反的，故也排解;正確選項C是和這句話語義全都的，也是和全文主題全都的，故為正確答案。

30.答案CisnotreallyencouragedbytheUSgovernment

這是一道細節推斷題，題干問"依據最終一段可以推斷出來可再生能源怎么了'，回到原文最終一段第一句就表明盡管還有很長一段路要走，可再生能源進展的趨勢在增加。后面也提到轉變的節奏在加快，對slowing氣候變化有meaningfuleffect，所以可以看出B選項accelerate...是不對的，D選項中提到的價格不具有競爭力不在本段當中，也應排解。剩下的兩個選項都提到了美國，就應當重點看最終一句，最終一句提到華盛頓政府做或不做什么都maymeanlessandless...所以可以看出美國不應當是和其他國家更近，排解A，所以選C，美國不是真正支持可再生能源的。

Text3

ThepowerandambitionofthegiantsofthedigitaleconomyisastonishingAmazonhasjustannouncedthepurchaseoftheupmarketgrocerychainWholeFoodsfor$13.5bn,buttwoyearsagoFacebookpaidevenmorethanthattoacquiretheWhatsAppmessagingservice,whichdoesnthaveanyphysicalproductatall.WhatWhatsAppofferedFacebookwasanintricateandfinelydetailedwebofitsusersfriendshipsandsociallives.

FacebookpromisedtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlinkphonenumberstoFacebookidentities,butitbrokethepromisealmostassoonasthedealwentthrough.Evenwithoutknowingwhatwasinthemessages,theknowledgeofwhosentthemandtowhomwasenormouslyrevealingandstillcouldbe.Whatpoliticaljournalist,whatpartywhip,wouldnotwanttoknowthemakeupoftheWhatsAppgroupsinwhichTheresaMaysenemiesarecurrentlyplotting?ItmaybethatthevalueofWholeFoodstoAmazonisnotsomuchthe460shopsftowns,buttherecordsofwhichcustomershavepurchasedwhat.

Competitionlawappearstobetheonlywaytoaddresstheseimbalancesofpower.Butitisclumsy.Foronething,itisveryslowcomparedtothepaceofchangewithinthedigitaleconomy.Bythetimeaproblemhasbeenaddressedandremedieditmayhavevanishedinthemarketplace,tobereplacedbynewabusesofpower.Butthereisadeeperconceptualproblem,too.Competitionlawaspresentlyinterpreteddealswithfinancialdisadvantagetoconsumersandthisisnotobviouswhentheusersoftheseservicesdontpayforthem.Theusersoftheirservicesarenottheircustomers.ThatwouldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthemandFacebookandGoogle,thetwovirtualgiants,dominatedigitaladvertisingtothedisadvantageofallothermediaandentertainmentcompanies.

Theproducttheyresellingisdata,andwe,theusers,convertourlivestodataforthebenefitofthedigitalgiants.Justassomeantsfarmthebugscalledaphidsforthehoneydewtheyproducewhe

31.AccordingtoParagraph1，FacebookacquiredWhatsAppforits。

A.digialproducts

B.userinformation

C.physicalassets

D.qualityservice

32.LinkingphonenumberstoFaccbookidentitiesmay

A.worsenpoliticaldisputes

B.messupcustomerrecords

C.posearisktoFacebookusers

D.misleadtheEuropeancommission

33.Accordingtotheauthor，competitionlaw

A.shouldservethenewmarketpowers

B.mayworsentheeconomicimbalancens

C.shouldnotprovidejustonelegalsolution

D.cannotkeeppacewiththechangingmarket

34.CompetitionlawaspresentlyinterpretedcanhardlyprotectFacebooknsers

Because

A.theyarenodefinedascustomers

B.theyarenotfinanciallyreliable

C.theservicesaregenerallydigital

D.theservicesarepaidforbyadvertisers

35.Theantsanalogyisusedtollustrate

A.awin-winbusinessmodelbetweendigitalgiants

B.atypicalcompetitionpattemamongdigitalgiants

C.thebenefitsprovidedfordigitalgiantscustomers

D.therelationshipbetweendigitalgiantsandtheirusers

31.答案[B]userinformation

解析：細節題。依據題干信息定位到第一段其次句。該句提到兩年前Facebook花了更多的錢獲得了WhatsApp的信息服務。接著提到WhatsApp供應給Facebook的是關于其用戶的伴侶圈以及社會生活等詳細精煉的信息。由此可知，B項為正確答案。

32.答案[C]posearisktoFacebookusers

解析：細節題。依據題干關鍵詞linkingthephonenumber定位其次段第一句。該句提到Facebook向歐洲委員會承諾不會把用戶的電話號與Facebook的身份認證連系到一起，但是協議通過之后Facebook立馬失信。接下來提到"甚至都不清晰信息里面都有什么，也不知誰發的消息，發送的目的又是什么'。因此，可能會給用戶造成風險。因此C項符合文意。

33.答案[D]cannotkeeppacewiththechangingmarket

解析：細節題。依據題干關鍵詞competitionlaw定位到第三段第一句。該句指出"競爭法好像成為解決這些不公平權力的唯一方法，但是此法案太過笨拙'。下一句提到"一方面，相比于數據經濟變化的速度，此法案進展是特別緩慢的'。由此可知，該法案跟不上當前市場變化的步伐。因此D項為正確答案。

34.答案[D]theservicesarepaidforbyadvertisers.

解析：依據題目中的because可確定為因果細節題。題干中的信息消失在第三段后半部分，是題目中的原詞competitionlawaspresentlyinterpreted，而緣由在其后面的句子。下文寫到，theusersoftheirservicesarenot，讀到這里的not，肯定要找而是誰。連續讀下一句，Thatwouldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthem，與選項對應，可得出[D]theservicesarepaidforbyadvertisers。

35.答案[D]therelationshipbetweendigitalgiantsandtheirusers.

解析：依據題目中isusedtoillustrate可推斷為例證題，要找到theantsanalogy論據所證明的論點;論點在論據之前，因此先找到論據theantsanalogy，再找到論據前的論點句。所以本題定位到最終一段的第一句，Theproductisdata，andweconvertourlivestodata。此句中，data即digitalgiants，we即users。因此答案為[D]therelationshipbetweendigitalgiantsandtheirusers.

Text4

Tocombatthetrapofputtingapremiumonbeingbusy,CalNewport,authorofDeepWork:RulesforFocusedSuccessinaDistractedWorld,recommendsbuildingahabitof"deepwork'-theabilitytofucuswithoutdistraction.

Thereareanumberofapproachestomasteringtheartofdeepwork-beitlengthyretreatsdedicatedtoaspecifictask;developingadailyritual;ortakinga"journalistic'approachtoseizingmomentsofdeepworkwhenyoucanthroughouttheday.Whicheverapproach,thekeyistodetermineyourlengthoffocustimeandsticktoit.

Newportalsorecommends"deepscheduling'tocombatconstantinterruptionsandgetmoredoneinlesstime."Atanygivenpoint,Ishouldhavedeepworkscheduledforroughlythenextmonth.Onceonthecalendar,IprotectthistimelikeIwouldadoctorsappointmentorimportantmeeting,'hewrites.

Anotherapproachtogettingmoredoneinlesstimeistorethinkhowyouprioritiseyourday-inparticularhowwecraftourto-dolists.TimHarford,authorofMessy:ThePowerofDisordertoTransformOurLives,pointstoastudyintheearly1980sthatdividedundergraduatesintotwogroups:somewereadvisedtosetoutmonthlygoalsandstudyactivities;othersweretoldtoplanactivitiesandgoalsinmuchmoredetail,daybyday.

Whiletheresearchersassumedthatthewell-structureddailyplanswouldbemosteffectivewhenitcometotheexecutionoftasks,theywerewrong:thedetaileddailyplansdemotivatedstudents.Harfordarguesthatinevitabledistractionsoftenrenderthedailyto-dolistineffective,whileleavingroomforimprovisationinsuchalistcanreapthebestresults.

Inordertomakethemostofourfocusandenergy,wealsoneedtoembracedowntime,orasNewportsuggests,"belazy.'

"Idlenessisnotjustavacation,anindulgenceoravice;itisasindispensabletothebrainasvitaminDistothebody...[idleness]is,paradoxically,necessarytogettinganyworkdone,'heargues.

SriniPillay,anassistantprofessorofpsychiatryatHarvardMedicalSchool,believesthiscounterintuitivelinkbetweendowntimeandproductivitymaybeduetothewayourbrainsoperate.Whenourbrainsswitchbetweenbeingfocusedandunfocusedonatask,theytendtobemoreefficient.

"Whatpeopledontrealiseisthatinordertocompletethesetaskstheyneedtouseboththefocusandunfocuscircuitsintheirbrain，'saysPillay.

Text4

36.Thekeytomasteringtheartofdeepworkisto______

A.seizeeveryminutetowork

B.listyouimmediatetasks

C.makespecificdailyplans

D.Keeptoyourfocustime

37.Thestudyintheearly1980scitedbyHarfordshowsthat

A.studentsarehardlymotivatedbymonthlygoals

B.detailedplansmaynotbeasfruitfulasexpected

C.distractionsmayactuallyincreaseefficiency

D.dailyschedulesarcindispensabletostudying

38.AccordingtoNewport,idlenessis__________-

A.adesirablementalstateforbusypeople

B.amajorcontributortophysicalhealth

C.aneffectivewaytosavetimeandenergy

0.anessentialfactorinaccomplishinganywork

39.Pillaybelievesthatourbrainsshiftbetweenbeingfocusedandinfocused______

A.canbringaboutgreaterefficiency

B.canresultinpsychologicalwell-being

C.isdrivenbytaskurgency

D.isaimedatbetterbalanceinwork

40.Thistextismainlyabout_____

A.approachestogettingmoredoneinlesstime

B.Waystorelievethetensionofbusylife

C.Thekeytoeliminatingdistractions

D.Thecauseofthelackoffocustime

36.答案[D]keeptoyourfocustime

解析：細節題。依據題干的masteringtheartofdeepwork定位到其次段首句。該句指出"有許多種把握深度工作的方法-不論是專注于指定工作時長時間的后退，或者養成慣例，還是當你一天有閑暇之余采納紀實的方式捕獲深度工作的瞬間'。接著提到"不論是那種方式，關鍵在于確定你的專注力時間長度并保持專注'。由此可知，D項為正確答案。

37.答案[B]detailedplansmaynotbeasfruitfulasexpected

解析：例證題。依據題干時間信息1980s以及Harford定位到第四段與第五段。第四段首句指出另一種短時間做更多事情的方法是反思怎么才能優先處理好你的一天-特殊是制作我們待辦事項的方法。接著舉例高校生們分成小組每天做各種具體簡單的任務。第五段首句用while畫風一轉，表示這種簡單的任務讓同學們感到消極，并表示工作中難免會分散留意力，這將影響日常待辦事項的效率。可知，用反面例子來論證觀點，即簡單的方案可能沒有像期望的那樣有效果。故選B項。

38.答案[D]anessentialfactorinaccomplishinganywork.

解析：依據題目Newport得出本題目為細節題中的文中人物觀點題。依據題干中的idleness可定位到倒數第三段，idlenessisnot，讀到這里依舊需要看下文，下面提到itisasas，isnecessarytogettinganyworkdone。再對應選項，可直接選出[D]anessentialfactorinaccomplishinganywork。

39.答案[A]canbringaboutgreaterefficiency.

解析：依據題目中的Pillaybelieves可得出本題目為細節題中的文中人物觀點題型。依據題目中的信息，可以定位到倒數其次段最終一句，明確指出theytendtobemoreefficient。然后對應選項得出[A]canbringaboutgreaterefficiency。

40.答案[A]approachestogettingmoredoneinlesstime.

解析：依據題目的mainlyabout可知為文章主旨題，首先可以通過題目的復現內容找與文章主旨有關的詞匯，題目中反復消失了focus內容，可推斷與人們的留意力有。其次，文章主旨一般在開篇第一段或其次段會消失，第一段引用CalNewport的觀點指出focuswithoutdistraction話題，其次段就提到了主題approachestomasteringthdartofdeepwork，此刻主題已明確，并且第四段有明顯的證明anotherapproach。所以本題選[A]approachestogettingmoredoneinlesstime。

PartB

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

41.選B。該小標題需要涵蓋三段內容。第一段開頭說到你想跟生疏人說話，但是"itjustwontcomeout'，提到說話說不出來，隨后直接消失我的建議"Myadvice：justgetitout"，即去說。所以選B：Justsayit去說

42，選F。該小標題下第一段第一句話就說了你時間有限"youhavelimitedtime'，然后說到假如陷到寒暄當中"hi，hello，howareyou，whatisgoingon'會讓對話沒法令人印象深刻。下一段"So'表明結論，去問更多個人問題"personalquestions'，所以選F：Skipthesmalltalk跳過寒暄

43.選D。第一句話就說到了第一次交談要找到共同點"haveincommon'，從這個共同點"thatpoint'來開展對話"buildtheconversation'，所以選D：findthe"metoo's找到共同點

44.選G。第一段先舉例，說你跟人講心事時，別人分心干別的。然后下一段"So'表明結論，人家跟跟你溝通，你要全心投入"wholeheartedly'。所以選G：Payauniquecomplement專注

45，選E。第一句話就提到了遺忘只見過一面的人的名字"name'。"So'后面又提到回憶地點"places'和好惡的事情"things'等細節，所以選E：Name，places，things

SectionIIITranslation

46.Directions：

TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET.(15points)

Afifthgradergetsahomeworkassignmenttoselecthisfuturecareerpathfromalistofoccupatio