TextBLittleSisterofthePoor1.MotherTeresa(1910~1997)MotherTeresa,aRomanCatholicnun,wasborntoAlbanianparentsinYugoslavia.Sheisknownas“theSaintoftheGutters”forbringingcomfortanddignitytothedestitute貧窮的.Shefoundedanorder(MissionariesofCharity)whichisnotedforitsworkamongthepoorandthedyinginCalcutta,India,andthroughouttheworld.MotherTeresawasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizein1979.2.RomanCatholicChurchTheRomanCatholicChurch,alsocalledtheCatholicChurchortheChurchofRome,istheChristianChurchwithadministrativeheadquartersintheVatican,ofwhichthepope,ortheBishopofRomeisthesupremehead.3.JohnPaulII(1920~)JohnPaulIIisthefirstnon-ItalianPolishPopeinthehistoryoftheRomanCatholicchurch.HewaselectedpopeonOct.16,1978.JohnPaulIIisaconservativepopewhofirmlyholdstraditionalCatholicviews.4.ChernobylTheworld’sworstnuclear-reactoraccidentoccurredattheChernobyl(Ukraine)nuclearpowerplantonApr.26,1986.Theaccidentcausedtheimmediatedeathof31people,whilemanyotherssufferedradioactivecontamination污染.6.theNobelPrizeAnyoftheprizes(fiveinnumberuntil1969,whenasixthwasadded)thatareawardedannuallybyfourinstitutions(threeSwedishandoneNorwegian)fromafundestablishedunderthewillofAlfredBernhardNobel.DistributionwasbegunonDec.10,1901,thefifthanniversaryofthedeathofthefounder,whosewillspecifiedthattheawardsshouldannuallybemade“tothosewho,duringtheprecedingyear,shallhaveconferredthegreatestbenefitonmankind.”Thefiveprizesestablishedbyhiswillare:theNobelPrizeforPhysics;theNobelPrizeforChemistry;theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicine;theNobelPrizeforLiterature;andtheNobelPrizeforPeace.Anadditionalaward,thePrizeforEconomicSciencesinMemoryofAlfredNobel,wassetupin1968bytheBankofSweden,andthefirstawardwasgivenin1969.TextAnalysis:PartI(Para1-3)deathoftheMotherTeresaandthepublicresponse1.(para.1)MotherTeresaservedthedyinganddesperateallovertheworld.2.(para.2)MotherTeresadiedofillnessandmanypeoplefeltpersonalgriefoverherdeath.3.(para.3)MotherTeresawasregardedasalivingsaintandwhatshedidtranscendedtheboundariesofreligionandnationality.PartII(para.4~8)ThedevelopmentofMotherTeresa’scauseandcountlessactsofmercyPartIII(para.9~11)MotherTeresagainedfameandhonoraswellascriticism.Heractwillberememberedbypeople.Words&Expressions:1.Hospitalizevt.(usu.pass.)put(aperson)intohospital[常被動]送…進醫(yī)院治療Hehospitalizespatientsforminorailments.他把只有小病的患者也送進醫(yī)院。MrsSmithseriouslyillalreadyhospitalize.史密斯夫人病重已住院。Youmusthospitalizerightnow.你必須立即住院。Hecomplainedofheadache.She’sbeencomplainingofabadbackrecently.Thepatientiscomplainingofacuteearache.2.~tosb:tellformallythatsthiswrongYoucancomplaintothemangeriftheserviceispoorhere.She’dcomplainedtothepoliceifwemadeanymorenoise.Mysisterisalwayscomplainingtomeofherheavyplaintn不滿,投訴,控告3.Summonvt.~sbtosth;~sbtogetherrequestorordersbtocome召喚，傳喚Thepolicesummonedthewitness.警察傳證人。Theysummoned(up)theircouragetomeetthedeadline.他們努力要在終止日期前完工。Hewassummonedtoappearincourtasawitness.他被傳喚出庭作證。Hecamedownstairsandsummonedhertohisstudy.他下樓將她叫到書房去。Theyhadtosummonasecondconferenceandchangethepreviousdecision.他們不得不召集第二次會議,改變以前的決定。Summonthepupilstogetherintheschoolhall.Theshareholdersweresummonedbymybosstoageneralmeeting.Iwassummonedbymyboss(toexplainmyactionsSummonthepupilstogetherintheschoolhall.4.streetpeople：peoplelivinginslumswho,esp.duringthesummer,spendmuchoftheirtimesittingonbuildingsteps,standingonthesidewalktalking,orvisitingneighborsandlocalstores;thelocalpeopleofacrowdedneighborhood.街頭流浪者4.gesturen1.expressivemovementofapartofthebody,espthehandorhead姿勢，手勢makearudegesturewithagestureofdespaircommunicatingbygesture2.~sth(tosb)conveysthbymakinggestures姿態(tài)，表示(尤指友好的表示)。Shegesturedherdisapproval.Hegestured(tome)thatitwastimetogo.Hegesturedtothemtokeepquiet5.Abandonvt.desert;leavecompletelyandforever拋棄；放棄abandonafriendintrouble.拋棄處于危難中的朋友abandonone’sidea放棄自己的想法Heabandonedhiswifeandchild.他遺棄了他的妻子和孩子。Theyabandonthemselvestodrinking.他們沉湎于飲酒。Donotabandonyourselftodespair.不要悲觀失望。Thebrokenbikewasfoundabandonedbytheriverside.發(fā)現(xiàn)那輛壞自行車被扔在河邊。Hefinallyabandonedhisreformistideas.他終于放棄了自己的改良主義思想。6.transcend:v.1.gobeyondtherangeof(humanexperience,belief,powersofdescription,)超出，超過,超越transcenddescription沒法形容Thesizeoftheuniversetranscendshumanunderstanding.Hislatestworktranscendsanythinghehaseverwritten.Suchmatterstranscendman'sknowledge,ieWecannotknowaboutthem.2.~sb/sth(insth)bemuchbetterorgreaterthansb/sth;surpass超越Shefartranscendstheothersinbeautyandintelligence.7.Boundaryn.界限；邊境Astonewallmarkedtheboundarybetweenthetwofarms.石墻是兩農(nóng)場的分界線。Theriveristheboundarybetweenthetwocountries.這條河是兩國的界河Scienceadvancestheboundariesofknowledge.科學擴展了知識的范圍。Withtheadvanceinscience,theboundariesofhumanknowledgearebeingpushedfurtherout.隨著科學的發(fā)展,人類知識的范圍在不斷擴大。[C]：bordern.邊界,邊境vt.&vi.與…接界,在…的邊上ScotlandbordersEngland.蘇格蘭和英格蘭接界。BurmabordersonIndia.緬甸和印度接壤。ontheborderof在...的邊界上；將要;接近于,瀕臨于outofborders在境外withinborders在境內(nèi)overtheborder越過國境borderon與...接壤[相鄰]8.Adoptvt.1.chooseasaplacetolive選…為移居；2.收養(yǎng)；3.采取adoptanewtechnique.采用新技術(shù)adoptanewidea.采納新意見adoptedanairofimportance.采取自以為是的態(tài)度adoptaresolution.決議adoptanewlineofEnglishtextbooks.選擇英語教材的新方式Aftermuchdeliberation,thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.總經(jīng)理再三考慮之后,決定采納她的建議。Mr.Kernadoptedtheorphanashisownson.克恩先生將那孤兒收養(yǎng)為自己的兒子Theagendawasadoptedaftersomediscussion.經(jīng)過討論,議事日程獲得通過。[C]：adapt1.vt.&vi.(使)適應(yīng),(使)適合2.vt.改編,改寫Sheknewhowtoadaptherself.她懂得如何適應(yīng)環(huán)境。Shelackedtheabilitytoadapteasily.她缺少適應(yīng)能力。ManyofDickens'bookshavebeenadaptedasfilms.狄更斯的許多書都已改編成電影。Themoviewasadaptedfromanovel.這部電影是由小說改編的。[U]：adaptfor使適合于;為...改編[改寫]adaptfrom根據(jù)...改寫[改編]adaptoneselfto使自己適應(yīng)或習慣于某事adaptsth.to使某事物適應(yīng)或適合[S]adaptadjustfitsuitmatch都含“適合”、“適應(yīng)”的意思。adapt指“修改或改變以適應(yīng)新條件”如:Youshouldadaptyourselftothenewenvironment.你應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。adjust指“調(diào)整”、“調(diào)節(jié)”使之適應(yīng),如:Youcan'tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitisadjustedtoyoureyes.把望遠鏡調(diào)到適合處,你才看得見。fit多指“大小適合”,引伸為“吻合”,如:Theshoesadaptmewell.這鞋我穿正好。suit多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情況”,如:Nodishsuitsalltastes.眾口難調(diào)。match指“大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)等相配或相稱”,如:Aredjacketdoesn'tmatchgreentrousers.紅上衣與綠褲子不相配。9.Convertv.~sth(fromsth)(into/tosth)changeintoanotherform,改變(形式、狀態(tài)用途)JohnhasconvertedtoBuddhism.約翰改信佛教。Theyconvertedthegarageintoatheater.他們將車庫改成戲院。ThepriestconvertedmanynativesintoChristianity.牧師使許多土著居民改信基督教。HewantedtoconverthisdollarsintoJapaneseyen.他想將美元換成日幣。Atwhatratedoesthedollarconvertintopounds?美元以什么匯率兌換成英鎊？Coalcanbeconvertedtogas.Theroomwasconvertedfromakitchentoastudy.10.Authorityn.1.(Oftenpl.)行政管理機構(gòu)(或人員)；當局2.權(quán)威；權(quán)威地位acitytransitauthority城市運輸當局Thebossdeclaredthathehadthelandtitleissuedbythecivilauthority.老板宣稱他有民政機關(guān)簽發(fā)的土地所有權(quán)狀。Deputiesweregivenauthoritytomakearrests.代表們被授予拘捕權(quán)。Theprofessorisanotedauthorityonbirds.這個教授是一個著名的鳥類權(quán)威。Iboughtareferencebookoftencitedasanauthority.我買了本常被引為權(quán)威的參考書。11.range:n.[C]limitsbetweenwhichsthvaries;extent范圍；幅度，一系列theannualrangeoftemperatureisfrom-10℃to40℃.每年的溫度變化范圍awiderangeofknowledge廣博的知識therangeofone’svoice音域Thatsubjectisoutsidemy~.Thecandidatehadbroadsupportfromthelowerrangesoftheparty.該候選人在黨內(nèi)下層有很多支持者。vt.~betweenAandB/fromAtoB(在一定范圍內(nèi))變動，變化Theirages~from25to35.Pricesrangedfrom5dollarsto10dollars.價格自五美元至十美元不等Thestudentsrangedthebooksbysize學生們把書按大小排列。Weplantorangethemedicinalherbsaccordingtotheiruse我們計劃把草藥按用途分類。aboundarythatrangesfromAtoB從甲地延伸到乙地的邊界vi.~over論及；涉及Ourconversationrangedovermanytopics.researchesthatrangedoverawidefield范圍很廣的研究Thegunrangesoverfivemiles.這炮的射程可達五哩多。12.expand:v.1.increaseinsize,number,volume,degreetogrowlarge擴大;使增加Metals~whentheyareheated.Atireexpandswhenyoupumpairintoit.Hisbusinesseventuallyexpandedintoasupermarketempire.Ourforeigntradehasexpandedgreatlyinrecentyears.2.spreadout;unfold展開Thepetals花瓣oftheflowersexpandedinthesunshine.Hisfaceexpandedinasmileofwelcome.13.Domesticadj.1.notforeign本國的；國內(nèi)的2.ofthehomeandfamily家庭的；家用的domestictroubles/violence家庭糾紛/暴力domesticmarkets國內(nèi)市場domesticandforeignnews國內(nèi)外新聞domesticanimals家畜Sheisaverydomesticsortofwoman.她是個十足的家庭婦女。Theyaresupposedtodealwithmanydomesticissuessuchastaxratesandhighwayconstruction.希望他們能夠解決諸如稅率和公路建設(shè)等許多國內(nèi)問題。14.Irresistibleadj.sopowerfulthatonecannothelpbeinginfluenced不可抗拒的，無法抵擋的irresistiblebeauty無法抗拒的美麗anirresistibledesire不能壓制的欲望.Hefeltanirresistibleimpulsetosneeze.他有抑制不住的想打噴嚏的沖動。Thesmallislandhasanoverpoweringappeal.有不可抗拒的魅力的。Hehadanirresistibledesiretorunaway.他一心想逃跑,無法抑制這個愿望。Icannotrefusethisoffer;itisirresistible.這一提議我無法拒絕,太誘人了。15.Advocatevt.擁護；提倡n.1.擁護者；提倡者2.辯護者；律師Ourpremieradvocateshighersalariesforteachers.我們的總理主張?zhí)岣呓處煹墓べY。Headvocatesreformingtheprisonsystem.他主張改良監(jiān)獄制度。anadvocateofpeace提倡和平的人anadvocateofcivilrights公民權(quán)利的擁護者advocatesforabusedchildrenandspouses.受虐待兒童及配偶的辯護人16.Protest:vi.~about/against/at提出異議；反對，抗議Groupsofwomentooktothestreetstoprotestagainstthearrests.Outside,agroupofstudentswereprotestingresearchtestone’sinnocence申明自己無罪protestadecision反對一項決議Hecontinuallyprotestedhisprofoundrespect.他再三聲明所懷有的深深敬意。amightydemonstrationofprotestbytheworkers工人進行的強大的抗議游行示威Thedefendantprotestedthathehadneverbeennearthesceneofthecrime.被告堅決聲辯他從來沒有在犯罪現(xiàn)場附近。Sheprotestedthatshehadneverdoneit.她堅決聲明她不曾做過那件事。Sheprotestshersinlessness.她聲明她是清白的。17.Steady:adj.firm,notshaking;notchanging堅固的，堅定的，穩(wěn)定的asteadyincreaseinvalue價值的穩(wěn)定增長asteadybreeze微風習習Steadyprogress平穩(wěn)進步thesteadytickoftheclock鐘表一成不變的滴答聲asteady,hard-workingwoman頑強、勤勞的婦女18.Uneasy:adj.1.worried;anxious心神不安的；憂慮的2.notcomfortable不舒服的Thefarmerswereuneasyuntilitfinallyrained.直到最后下雨，農(nóng)民都在擔心uneasywithstrangers與陌生人一起不自在anuneasysilence令人局促的寂靜Hewasuneasyaboutmydecision.他對我的決定感到不安。Ifeeluneasyinfrontofanaudience.我在觀眾面前感到不自在。Iwasuneasyabouthisfuture.對他的未來感到擔心Pplainof:saythatonehas(apain,illness,etc)訴說(痛苦等)Sheisalwayscomplainingofsomething.她總是怨天尤人。Theboycomplainedofapaininhisstomach.這孩子說他肚子痛。Ihavenothingtocomplainof.我沒什么可抱怨的。2.ministerto:givehelptoorcarefor(people,esp.illpeople)照料；援助Shehadspendherlifeministeringtotheneedsofherhusband.Volunteersministeredtothehomelessaftertheflood.洪水后，志愿者向無家可歸者提供幫助。Hevolunteeredtoministertothesickman’swants他志愿照顧病人需要。Iministeredtohiminhislasthours.在他臨終時我在身邊侍候。3.givewayto:makeconcessionto;yieldto向…讓步；對…屈服Wemustnotgivewaytotheirdemands.Thechairmanspokesoforcefullythattherestofthecommitteegavewaytohisopinion.Wehavetogavewaytoanoncomingcar.我們不得不給一輛即將過來的汽車讓路。Thedaygiveswayslowlytonight.白天漸漸轉(zhuǎn)為黑夜。4.beidentifiedwith:getoneselfcloselyassociatedwith與…合成一體；對..有同感；Neveridentifyopinionswithfacts.永遠不要把意見混同于事實。Identifyourselveswithnature天人合一Thatpoliticianiscloselyidentifiedwiththeformergovernment.該政治家被認為與前政府關(guān)系密切。Theplaywassogrippingthattheaudiencequicklyidentifiedwiththeactors.那出戲如此扣人心弦,以致觀眾很快和演員融為一體。Readingthisbook,wecanidentifywiththemaincharacter’sstruggle.讀這本書時,我們會同情主要人物的斗爭。Herefusedtobecomeidentifiedwiththenewpoliticalparty.Difficultsentences:1.WhensheappearedatthesideofJohnPaulII,itwasthepopewhostoodinthetinynun’sshadow.（para3）當她出現(xiàn)在約翰·保羅二世的身邊時，是教皇站在了這位瘦小的修女的陰影之中。分析：LiterallythesentencemeansthatwhenMotherTeresastoodbesidePopeJohnPaulII,thelatterlookedevensmallerthanthesmallfigureofMotherTeresa;butwhatisactuallyimpliedisthatthepopeseemedtobelessgreatorlessimportantwhencomparedwithMotherTeresa.stand/liveinone’sshadow.生活在…勢力或影響之下eg;hehadtoliveintheshadowofhisfamousfather.2.“BybloodandoriginIamAlbanian,”sheoncesaidofherself.“MycitizenshipisIndian.IamaCatholicnun.Astomycalling,Ibelongtotheworld.”（para3）Paraphrase---IcomefromAlbanianparentsandwasborninAlbanian“從血統(tǒng)和原籍講，我是阿爾巴尼亞人，”她曾這樣談到自己，“我的公民身份是印度人。我是一名主教修女。就我的神職而言，我屬于全世界。”3.ThechildrencalledherMotherTeresa,andthatiswhoshebecame.（para4）Paraphrase---ThechildrencalledherMotherTeresa,andthatisthekindofpersonshebecameknownasMotherTeresaandactinglikeamothertowardsthechildren.孩子們叫她德肋撒嬤嬤，而她也的確成了媽媽。4.Withthatexperienceanewvocation—andanewreligiousorder—wasborn.（para4）Paraphrase---asaresultofexperience(withthedyingwoman),anewtask—andanewreligiouscommunity—wasformed.隨著這番經(jīng)歷，一個新的使命——也是一個新的宗教團體——誕生了。5.Andtothatend,shegatheredasmallgroupofnunsaroundher.（para4）Paraphrase---andforthatgoal/purpose,shecalledtogetherasmallgroupofnunstoworkwithher.為了這個目標，她在自己周圍聚集了