Attributiveclauses編輯pptWhatisattributive?AlovelygirlSomethingnewtheboyinwhite

編輯ppt1.Thegirl_______issittinginthechairisagoodsinger.2.Theskirt__________Maryboughttwoyearsagoisold.3.Isthisthenovel__________youintroducedtome?4.Whereistheboy_______brokethewindow?5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.who/thatwhich/thatthat/whichwho/thatwho/whom編輯pptAttributiveClause（定語從句）概念在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句.被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。HeisanEnglishteacher

wholikessingingsongs.定語從句先行詞引導詞引導詞關系代詞:who﹑whom﹑that﹑which﹑whose關系副詞:where﹑when﹑why編輯ppt注意：

1關系代詞和關系副詞在定語從句中都要 充當句子成分。

2當關系代詞充當動詞的賓語時可省略，當關系代詞充當介詞的賓語且介詞不在關系代詞之前的，關系代詞也可省略。

3定語從句中的謂語動詞要和先行詞保持一致。

4定語從句分為限制性和非限制性兩種。

5非限制性定語從句中的關系詞不可以省略。編輯ppt關系詞先行詞所指關系詞在句中作用關系代詞that人/物主、賓、表which物主、賓、who人主、賓whom人賓whose人/物定as人/物/事情主、賓、表關系副詞when時間時間狀語where地點地點狀語why原因原因狀語編輯ppt

關系詞的作用：

1、連接作用把主句和從句連接起來

2、替代作用在從句中代替在它前面 的先行詞

3、成分作用在從句中充當一個成分編輯ppt例1.Theman__________gaveyouthetalkyesterdayisourteacher.that/who指人:that/who(主語)編輯ppt例2:Theboy_________________thenurseislookingafterismyfriend.(who/whom/that)指人:who/whom/that(賓語,可省略)編輯ppt例3:Thecar________________isredwasdamagedyesterday.that/which指物:that/which(主語)編輯ppt例4:Thequestion_______________Idon’tunderstandisaboutgrammar.(that/which)指物:that/which(賓語,可省略)編輯pptTitanicistheship___________sankafterhittinganiceberg.which/that__________編輯pptYeXinisanursediedinthefightagainstSARS.

anurse/dieinthefightagainstSARSwho/that編輯ppt

Itusedtobeasmalltown.Itisnolongerasmalltown.=Itisnolongerthesmalltownthatitusedtobe.(作表語）編輯pptOurhometownisnolongertheone(that)itusedtobe.

=Ourhometownisnotthesameasitusedtobe.

=Ourhometownisdifferentfromwhatitusedtobe。

=Ourhometownisnotwhatitusedtobe.編輯ppt{Whichwomanisateacher?Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.1Thewomanisateacher.2Thewomanlivesnextdoor.編輯pptTheboysarefromGradeone.

Theboysareplayingbasketball.TheboysarefromGradeOne.who/thatareplayingbasketballTheboyswho/thatarefromGradeoneareplayingbasketball.編輯ppt2.Thenurseiskind.

Thenurselooksaftermysister.Thenurseiskind.who/thatlooksaftermysister3.Wewatchedtheplay“Teahouse”.TheplaywaswrittenbyLaoShe.Wewatchedtheplay“teahouse”which/thatwaswrittenbyLaoShe.編輯ppt4.Theyoungmanisafamouswriter.

Yousawtheyoungmanyesterday.Theyoungmanisafamouswriter.

whom/who/thatyousawyesterday5.Thisisthehouse.LuXunoncelivedinthehouse.Thisisthehouse

which/thatLuXunoncelivedin.編輯ppt6.Whereisthegirl?YoutalkedwithherlastSunday.Whereisthegirl

who/whom/thatyoutalkedwithlastSunday?

編輯ppt關系代詞的用法：一、由who,whom,whose引導的定語從句。who用作主語，whom用作賓語，whose用作定語。whose+n.=the+n.+of+whom/whichThisisthemanwhohelpedme.ThedoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheRoom2E

編輯pptMrKing,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.MrKingwasquicklytakentohospital.Herlegswerebadlyhurt.HerWeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing,whosestoryIhavetoldyou.WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing.Ihavetoldyouherstory.her編輯pptWhichhouseismine?房頂是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouseismine.whoseroofisbrownMyhouse編輯pptIknowthedoctor.Hisdaughterstudiesabroad.Iknowthedoctor

whosedaughterstudiesabroad.Haveyouseenmybook?Thebook’scoverisred.Haveyouseenmybook

whosecoverisred.編輯pptwhose

在定語從句中作定語，表示引導詞與whose后的名詞為所屬關系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物時可與ofwhich互換使用。指人時可用ofwhom.Thisisthebookwhose

coverisblue.Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisblue.編輯ppt

DoyouknowthemanwhosenameisWangYu?→Doyouknowthemanthenameof whomisWangYu?Marylivesinthehousewhoseroofisred.→Marylivesinthehousetheroofof whichisred.編輯pptYesterdayshetalkedwithonewoman____husbanddiedinthataccident.A.whichB.whoseC.ofwhichD.thatB編輯ppt

Who特殊情況先行詞是all,everyone,

one,ones,anyone且做主語時用who.Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.Onewhohasnothingtofearforoneselfdarestotellthetruth.Everybodywhowerewillingtoseethefilmsignedtheirnameshere.先行詞是those時，用who.Thosewhowanttoseethefilmsignuphere.編輯ppt

注意：①whom,which作介詞賓語時，介詞一般可放在關系代詞之前，也可放在原來的位置上；但是在含有介詞的動詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放在原來的位置上。

Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.=Thisisthepersonforwhomyouarelooking.編輯ppt1.Haveyoueverreadthebook_______therearemanypictures?2.Theman_____________hehadatalkyesterdayisadoctor.3.Thegentleman______________youjustspokeisourheadmaster.4.Thisisthenewbicycle___________Ispentfivehundreddollars.5.Herearethetabletennisplayers,some_______areouroldfriends.Theschoolhas2600students,twothirds____________aregirls.inwhich編輯ppt三、由that引導的定語從句。that在從句中可以指人或物，在從句中做主語或謂語動詞的賓語.但不能放在介詞后面作介詞的賓語。Thisistheschoolinthatyouwillstudy.(×)Thisistheschoolinwhichyouwillstudy.(√)Thisistheschool(which/that)youwillstudyin.(√)編輯ppt★注意在下面幾種情況下必須用that引導定語從句。⑴先行詞是不定代詞all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。

Allthatwehavetodoistopractiseeveryday.

Somethingthatweheardwasofgreattruth.

編輯ppt⑵先行詞被序數詞、thelast或形容詞的最高級所修飾。

ThefirstthingthatIlearnedwillneverbe forgotten.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhave everseen.⑶先行詞被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修飾。

Ihavereadallthebooksthatyougaveme.編輯ppt⑷先行詞被theonly,thevery修飾。

ThisistheverypenthatIamlookingfor.HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkto.⑸先行詞既有人又有物時。

Theytalkedofthingsandpersons

thatthey remembered.編輯ppt⑹當句中已有who或which時，為避免重復。WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJohn?⑺如有兩個定語從句，其中一個已經用了which，則另一個用that.Edisonbuiltafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseen.編輯ppt6.當先行詞為way時，定語從句的關系詞可以有三種情況:that,inwhich或不填。

Idon’tliketheway

youtalkedtoyourmother.（choosetheonethatisnotproperforthisblank）

A.that B.which C.inwhich D./B編輯ppt7.在It’stime句型中，后面的從句也可以看成是定語從句，通常有下面幾種句型。

Itis(high/about)timethat主語+過去式

Itis序數詞timethat主語+謂語(現在完成時)()ItishightimethatI_______todothephysicshomework.A.go B.went C.shallgoD.havegone()Itisthefirsttime_____hehasbeenhere.A.that B.when C.atwhich D.whichBA編輯ppt8．oneof+復數名詞+who/which/that+復數謂語

the(only)oneof+復數名詞+who/which/that+單數謂語Sheisoneofthestudentswho____praisedat themeetingyesterday.A.was B.were C.is D.areHeistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____a winnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.is B.are C.havebeen D.hasbeenBD編輯ppt關系副詞引導的定語從句：1、由where引導的定語從句。定語從句在修飾一個表示地點的名詞時,常用where引導。Abookofficeisaplacewhereticketsaresold.Where在從句中做狀語，相當于一個介詞短語。在本句中相當于inwhich，所以此句可以改為：Abookofficeisaplaceinwhichticketsaresold.因此定語從句中關系副詞where=介詞+which.編輯ppt2、定語從句在修飾一個表示時間的名詞時，常用when引導。Istillremembertheyearwhenwestudiedtogether.When在從句中時間狀語，其作用相當于一個“介詞+關系代詞”Istillremembertheyear(which/that)westudiedintogether.Istillremembertheyearinwhichwestudiedtogether.編輯pptThisisthehousewherehelives.=Thisisthehouse___________helives.=Thisisthehouse__________helivesin.inwhich(which/that)編輯ppt3、由why引導的定語從句。①關系副詞why的先行詞只有reason,在從句中表示原因狀語。DoyouknowthereasonwhyIleftearly?Why在從句中作原因狀語，其作用相當于forwhich.Doyouknowthereason_____________Ileftearly?②但如果關系詞在從句中不是作狀語，而是作賓語時仍用that/which.Thereason___________hegaveuswasunacceptable.forwhichthat/which編輯ppt關系代詞和關系副詞的選用。在定語從句中到底選用關系代詞還是關系副詞要看它們在從句中所充當的句子成分來決定，有時同一個先行詞往往關系詞卻不同。1.Thisisthefactorywhich/thatproducesTVsets.Thisisthefactorywheremyfatheronceworked. (inwhich)2.I’llneverforgetthedaythat/whichwespent togetherinthecountryside.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenhishousewas brokeninto.(onwhich)

編輯ppt介詞+關系詞引導定語從句介詞+關系代詞引導的定語從句多用于正式文體中，這樣的關系代詞主要是which,whom,whose.Thisisthehouseinwhichmygrandfatheroncelived.ThefilmofwhichI’mspeakingistobeshownnextweek.ThisisthemanfromwhomIlearnthenews.編輯ppt注意：

①這類句子中的介詞也可以放在從句的末尾，這時 關系代詞可省略。

Thisistheperson(whom)youaregoingtowork with.編輯ppt②如何選用結構中的介詞⑴根據從句中的謂語動詞的搭配

onwhichIspentfiveYuan.

forwhichIpaidfiveYuanThisisthebookfromwhichIlearntalot

inwhichtherearefewnewwords

aboutwhichTomoftentalks

編輯ppt⑵根據先行詞的搭配習慣

theday

onwhichIjoinedtheleague.Istillremember thedays

duringwhichIlivedinthe country.

theyears

inwhichIstayedthere.編輯ppt四、as引導的定語從句:⑴as用作關系代詞和關系副詞引導限制性定語從句，并在從句中做主語、表語和狀語，構成thesame…as,such…as等結構。

Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.編輯ppt⑵as引導非限制性定語。在從句中做主語、表語或賓語，這個定語從句說明整個句子，可以放在主句之前、之中和之后。

Theexperimentisveryimportant,asindeeditis.Asisknowntoall,hestudiesveryhard.Asweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.常用于這種類似插入語的句式有asissaidabove,asisalreadymentionedabove,asisknowntoall,asitis,asisoftenthecase,asisreportedinthenewspaper編輯ppt注意：which和as的區別是：①which不能放在句首，而as則可以；②在句中時，as有“正如”、“就像”之意，而which沒有。編輯ppt下列每句均有一處錯誤，請找出并改正。1．Theytalkedforhalfanhourofthethingsandpersonswhotheywoulddealwithafewdayslater．2．Whoisthemanwhowaspraisedatthemeeting？3．Isthisthefarmwhereyouvisitedtheotherday？4．Isthisfactorywhichyouvisitedlastweek？5．Iwanttobuythesamedictionarythatyouhave．____that____that____that____as編輯ppt鞏固練習：Finallythethiefhandedeverything______hehadstolentothepolice.Which B.what C.whatever D.that2.Hetoldmeall________heknew.which B.what C.that D.how3.HewasveryrudetotheCustomsofficer,_____ofcoursemadethingsevenworse.who B.whom C.what D.which√√√編輯ppt4.Istheriver_____throughthattownverylarge?whichflows B.flows C.thatflowing D.whoseflows5.Themostimportantthing____weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing______Ihavesaid.A.which;thatB.that;whichC.which;whichD.that;that6.Thesongs_______shesangintheconcertyesterdaysounded______A./,beautifully B.that,wonderfully C.which,well D./,nice√√√編輯ppt7.Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,_____wehadn’texpected.A.when B.that C.which D.what8.Youmaykeepany_____youfind．A．that B．which C．what D．whom9.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson______shecouldturnforhelp.towhom B.who C.fromwhom D.that10.TheGreatWallisthelastplace____Mr.smithisgoingtovisitbeforeheleavesBeijing.A.where B.which C./ D.what√√√√編輯ppt11.Theystudyinasmallclassroom_____floorisbroken．A．whose B．which C．whereD．that12.NextSundayistheonlyday_____hecansparetojoinus．A．that B．which C．when D．onwhich13.Heisn'ttheman_____heusedtobe．A．that B．whom C．who D．which14.Pleasepassmethedictionary_____coverisblack．A．which B．whichofC．its D．whose√√√√編輯ppt15.Throughpracticewecanlearnalot_____cannot_____frombooks．A．which；belearned B．that；learnC．which；learn D．that；belearned√編輯ppt4．Isthisfactorywhichyouvisitedlastweek？Thisisfactorywhichyouvisitedlastweek.Thisfactoryiswhichyouvisitedlastweek.Thisisthefactorywhichyouvisitedlastweek.Isthis

thefactorywhichyouvisitedlastweek?Thisfactoryistheonewhichyouvisitedlastweek.Isthisfactory

theonewhichyouvisitedlastweek?編輯ppt

②which引導的非限制性定語從句。

Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikevery much.Shewasawardedagoldmedal,whichthe wholefamilyconsideredagreathonor.Sheisalwayslateforclass,whichmakes theteacherangry.編輯ppt限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句:限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句和先行詞關系密切（刪去影響整個意思表達）和先行詞關系不密切（一種補充說明，刪去不影響全句意思的表達）不用逗號隔開一般用逗號隔開可用關系代詞that不可用關系代詞that關系代詞可省略（但在從句中作賓語）關系代詞不可以省略只可修飾先行詞，不可以修飾主句或主句的一部分除修飾先行詞還可以修飾整個主句或主句的一部分暗示被修飾的先行詞不是唯一的表示被修飾的先行詞是唯一的翻譯時先翻譯從句在翻譯主句翻譯時先譯主句再譯從句編輯pptPeoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.進行體育鍛煉的人活得長些。(若把從句去掉句子就失去意義)Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.他女兒現在在波士頓，下星期回來。(若把從句去句子意義仍然完整)編輯pptIhaveasisterwhoisadoctor.我有一個醫生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一個)Ihaveasister,whoisadoctor.我有一個姐姐，她是當醫生的。(只有一個姐姐)

編輯pptPeterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.彼得開車很快，這是很危險的。(which指drivetoofast)Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.他改變了主意，這使我很生氣。(which指整個主句)Mr.Smith,whoisourboss,willleaveforJapannextweek.我們的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行詞為專有名詞，要用非限制性定語從句修飾)Herfather,whohasalotofmoney,wisheshertostudyabroad.她父親很有錢，希望她出國學習。(先行詞為表獨一無二意義的普通名詞，要用非限制性定語從句修飾)編輯ppt1.IhavelostthepenwhichIlikeverymuch.（暗示不 止一個）

Ihavelostthepen,whichIlikeverymuch.（暗示只 有一支鋼筆）2.Ihavetwosisters,whoarebothstudents.→Ihavetwosisters,bothofwhomarestudents.4.Thisisourclassroom,inthefrontofwhichthereisa teachers’desk.5.HisfatherwhoisinBeijingwillreturnto Yancheng nextweek.(×)Hisfather,whoisinBeijing,willreturnto Yanchengnextweek.(√)編輯ppt編輯ppt9、靜夜四無鄰，荒居舊業貧。。2023/1/82023/1/8Sunday,January8,202310、雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。。2023/1/82023/1/82023/1/81/8/20236:16:41PM11、以我獨沈久，愧君相見頻。。2023/1/82023/1/82023/1/8Jan-2308-Jan-2312、故人江海別，幾度隔山川。。2023/1/82023/1/82023/1/8Sunday,January8,202313、乍見翻疑夢，相悲各問年