八年級要點語法句型語法：1、動詞1）神情動詞〔modalverbs)神情動詞能夠用來表示“建議〞、“建議〞或“央求〞等。神情動詞should作“應該；應該；能夠〞講，用以表達職責和義務、提出勸告，而且表述的是自己的主觀看法。以后動詞接原型。比方：用于表示"應該"或"不應該"的看法。此常常指長輩教誨或責備晚輩。比方：Youshouldbeherewithcleanhands.你應該把手洗干凈了再來。用于提出建議開導別人。比方：Youshouldgotothedoctorifyoufeelill.若是你感覺不愉快，你最好去看醫(yī)生。c用于表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現(xiàn)的考點之一。比方：Weshouldarrivebysuppertime.我們在晚飯前就能到了。Sheshouldbehereanymoment.她隨時都可能來。神情動詞could用于有禮貌地向對方提出要求或央求。a.表示“能力〞或“可能性〞，作為can的過去形式。如：CouldyouspeakEnglishthen？那時你能講英語嗎？Hesaidhecouldn'tfollowme.他說他跟不上我。表示驚異、思疑、不相信等情緒。如：Whocouldhavetakenthem？誰會把它們拿走了呢？Shecouldn'thaveleftsosoon.她不能能這么快就走了。在這種情況下，could和can是能夠換用的，用could時口氣較緩和，用can時不相信的程度更強一些，兩者在時間上沒有差異。比較宛轉客氣地提出問題或述看法。如：—Couldyouletmehaveyourpassport?1/19—Yes,hereitis.—看看你的護照好嗎？—行，這就是。Icouldcomeearlier,ifnecessary.若是必要我能夠早點來。這時could和can沒有時間上的差異。2、過去進展時〔pastprogressivetense〕1〕過去進展時的定義過去進展時主要表示過去某一時刻正在進展的動作，或表示過去某一階段一直在進展的動作。如：IwashavingatalkwithLiHuaatthattime.那時，我正在跟華發(fā)言。IwaswatchingTVathomelastnight.昨晚我素來在看電視。2〕過去進展時的結構過去進展時由“was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞〞構成。如：Iwasdoingmylessonsthen.那時，我在做功課。Wewerecleaningthehouse.我們在打掃房子。3〕使用過去進展時應注意的幾點過去進展時可表示按計劃、安排過去某時刻將要發(fā)生的動作。如：HesaidtheywereleavingforBeijingthisafternoon.他說他今天下午要去。動詞hope,wonder等的過去進展常常用來表示提出要求，誠然表示現(xiàn)在的容，但語氣比一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時要宛轉。如：Iwaswonderingwhetheryoucouldcometojoinus.我想你能否過來跟我們一起活動?過去進展時中有always,forever,continually,constantly修飾時，表示說話人的賞識或厭煩的感情。如：Hewasalwaysthinkingofothers.他總是想到人家。3、現(xiàn)在完成時〔presentperfecttense)1〕表示截止現(xiàn)在業(yè)已完成的動作2/19Bynow,IhavecollectedallthedatathatIneed到.現(xiàn)在為止，我已收集到了我所需的全部資料。Shehasread150pagestoday她.今天已看了150頁。Wehaven'tmetformanyyears我.們已多年沒見了。Theyhavedevelopedanewproduct他.們研制成功了一種新產(chǎn)品。2〕表示發(fā)生在過去而對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響、帶來結果的動作Haveyouhadyourdinner?你吃晚飯了嗎?ShehasbeentotheUnitedStates她.已去美國了。Youhavegrownmuchtaller你.長高了好多。3〕表示過去發(fā)生的動作連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能還要連續(xù)Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehejoinedthearmy他.參軍五年了。TheyhavelearnedEnglishforeightyears他.們已學了八年的英語了。Sofarwe'veonlydiscussedthefirstfivechapters至.今我們還只談論了前五章。3、連詞bothand:表示“兩者都〞。注意：當bothand連接主語時，后邊動詞一般要用復數(shù)。如：BothLilyandLucyareright.notonlybutalso:“不但而且〞。注意：后邊動詞采用就近原那么，與butalso后的詞保持一致。如：Notonlymyparentsbutalsomybrotherlikesthecat.eitheror:“也許也許〞。注意謂語動詞采用就近原那么。如：EitheryouorIamwrong.neithernor:“既不也不"是“eitheror"的否認形式。謂語動詞采用就近原那么，與nor后的詞保持一致。如：Neitheryounorheisright.4、狀語從句狀語從句專題—句法要點狀語從句是中考詞匯和句法局部觀察的要點容之一。狀語的功用：狀語說明地點、3/19時間、原因、目的、結果、條件、退步等在復習狀語從句時,主要任務是弄清楚引導各種狀語從句的連詞的用法?，F(xiàn)就主要觀察點簡述以下:1.引導時間狀語從句的連詞主要有when,while,as,bythetime,before,after,since,till/until,assoonas等。其中whenwhile和as都可表示"當時候",但用法有差異:when意為"在時;當時",可表示"點時間"或"段時間",從句謂語能夠是停止性動詞,也能夠是連續(xù)性動詞。比方:WhenIgothome,hewashavingsupper.as意為"邊邊"或"與同時",重在表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生。陪同進展。as從句是停止性動詞時,主句平時也必定是停止性動詞。比方:Theysangastheydanced.while只可表示"段時間",從句謂語只限于連續(xù)性動詞。比方:WhileIwassleeping,myfathercamein.注:從句謂語是連續(xù)性動詞時,when、while和as能夠互換2.引導原因狀語從句的連詞原因狀語從句一般由because,since,as,for引導?注意as,because,since和for的差異:①若是原因是構成句子的最主要局部,一般用because。because引導的從句一般不放在句子的開頭。比方:ImissedthetrainbecauseIgotuplate.注:對于以why開頭的問句,一般只能用because引導的從句來回答。②若是原因已為人們所知,或不如句子的其余局部重要,就用as或since、since比as稍微正式一些。as和since引導的從句一般放在句子的開頭。比方:Ashewasnotwell,Idecidedtogotherewithouthim.Sincethismethoddoesn'twork,let'stryanother.③for表示所說的原因是一種補充說明,因此,for引導的從句能夠放在括號里,而且for引導的從句一般不放在句子的開頭。比方:Idecidedtostopandhavelunch,forIwasfeelingquitehungry.4/193.引導結果狀語從句的連詞主要有so/suchthat,sothat等。1)so...that結構在某種情況下能夠與enoughto和too...to結構相互變換。例如:Sheissoshortthatshecan'treachthebuttonsofthelift.=Sheistooshorttoreachthebuttonsofthelift.2)sothat也能夠引導結果狀語從句,意為"結果是;以致于"。比方:Theymissedthebussothattheywerelateforclass.so...that...〞句型的意思是“這樣/這么以致于〞，常引導結果狀語從句，但“so...that...〞是個愛“變臉〞句型，你一不留意就會出錯。“so...that...〞句型與其變換也是中考的熱點，現(xiàn)將其用法總結歸納以下，讓我們一起來看看它是怎樣變的吧。注意：so...that...句型中的so是副詞，常常用來修飾形容詞或副詞，常用句型為：主語+謂語+so+adj./adv.+that從句。比方：heissoyoungthatshecan'tlookafterherself.TheboyransofastthatIcouldn'tcatchhim.Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tsayaword.在“such...that...〞句型中，such修飾名詞，意思也是“這樣以致于〞但當名詞前有many、much、(a)few、(a)little等詞修飾時，句子中要用“so...that...〞而不能夠用“such...that...〞。比方：Hehassomuchmoneythathecanbuywhathewanted.I'vehadsomanyfallsthatIhavepainshereandthere.ThereislittewaterintheglassthatIcan'tdrinkanymore.引導目的狀語從句的連詞sothat也可引導目的狀語從句,此時可用to或inorderto代替,將其改為簡單句。比方:Hegotupearlysothathecouldgettoschoolontime.=Hegotupearlytogettoschoolontime.=Inordertogettoschoolontime,hegotupearly.引導退步狀語從句的連詞though,although5/19注意：當有though,although時，后邊的從句不能夠有but，但是though和yet可連用Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.誠然在下雨，但他們?nèi)栽诘乩锔苫?。Heisveryold,buthestillworksveryhard.誠然他很老，但依舊努力地工作。Thoughthesorebehealed,yetascarmayremain.傷口雖愈合，但傷疤留下了?！仓V語〕引導條件狀語從句的連詞要點：表示狀語從句由連詞if,unless(=ifnot)引導。1.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgohiking.若是明天不下雨,我們就去遠足.2.Youwillgetgoodgradesifyoustudyhard.若是你努力學習,就會獲取好成績.3.Iwillgotothepartyunlesshegoestheretoo.我不會去參加聚會的,除非他也去.(若是他不去,我也不去.)難點提示：用條件狀語從句時要注意時態(tài)的正確使用,當主句是將來時的時候,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時.7．引導地點狀語從句的連詞(1)地點狀語從句由where，wherever，引導，如：Wemustcampwherewecangetwater.我們必定在能找到水的地方露營?！?〕地點狀語從句與定語從句的差異where引導定語從句時，從句前應有一個表示地點的名詞作先行詞；而狀語從句前那么無需先行詞。如：Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.(where引導地點狀語從句)你從哪處抵達哪處去。Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.(where引導定語從句，修飾village)回到你來的那個鄉(xiāng)村里去。6/19要點語法：一般將來時態(tài)的應用do/does的一般將來時態(tài)形式：(shall/will)dodo/does的一般將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：(shall/will)bedone一般將來時態(tài)的必定句、否認句、疑問句形式：必定句例句：Peoplewillhaverobotsinafewyears.否認句例句：People(willnot/won't)haverobotsinafewyears.一般疑問句例句：Willpeoplehaverobotsinafewyears?特別疑問句例句：Whatwillpeoplehaveinafewyears?要點語法：過去將來時態(tài)〔將來時態(tài)的宛轉說法〕do/does的過去將來時態(tài)形式：(should/would)dodo/does的過去將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：(should/would)bedone過去將來時態(tài)的必定句、否認句、疑問句形式：必定句例句：Youshouldwritealettertohim.否認句例句：Youshouldn'twritealettertohim.一般疑問句例句：ShouldIwritealettertohim?特別疑問句例句：WhatshouldIdo?要點語法：過去進展時態(tài)do/does的過去進展時態(tài)形式：(was/were)doingdo/does的過去進展時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：(was/were)beingdone過去將來時態(tài)的必定句、否認句和疑問句形式：必定句例句：IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.否認句例句：Iwasn'twalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.一般疑問句例句：WereyouwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded?特別疑問句例句：WhatwereyoudoingwhenaUFOlanded?動詞when和while的選擇：when后加剎時動詞，while后加連續(xù)性動詞。例句：TheboywaswalkingdownthestreetwhentheUFOlanded.=Whiletheboywaswalkingdownthestreet,theUFOlanded.7/19惋惜句結構：(1)How+adj.+the+主語+謂語動詞=(2)What+(a/an)+[adj.]+n.+主語+謂語動詞例句：Whatabeautifulflower[itis]!=Howbeautifulthefloweris!Whatbeautifulflowers[theyare]!=Howbeautifultheflowersare!要點語法：賓語從句結構：主語+謂語動詞+賓語從句(主語+謂語動詞+賓語/表語)例句：I'mgoodatEnglish.Hesays.(改為加賓語從句的復合句)HesaysI'mgoodatEnglish.注意：①主句是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，賓語從句的時態(tài)不受其影響。例句：HesaysI'mgoodatEnglishnow.HesaysIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoung.②主句是過去時態(tài)，賓語從句也要用過去時態(tài)。例句：HesaidIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoungyesterday.HesaidIwasgoodatEnglishnowyesterday.③賓語從句是客觀真理時永遠用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例句：Ourteachersays24hoursmakeaday.Ourteachersaidthesungivesussomanyenergyyesterday.④動詞原形不能夠作主語，必定用其-ing形式。例句：Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.要點語法：if引導的條件狀語從句結構：主句+if+條件狀語從句if+條件狀語從句+[(comma)]+主句注意：在if引導的條件狀語從句中，主句應用將來時態(tài)，狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。8/19例句：You'llhaveagreattimeifyougototheparty.=Ifyougototheparty,you'llhaveagreattime.要點語法：現(xiàn)在完成進展時態(tài)do/does的現(xiàn)在完成進展時態(tài)形式：have/hasbeendoingdo/does的現(xiàn)在完成進展時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：have/hasbeenbeingdone現(xiàn)在完成進展時態(tài)所應用的場合：①某事從過去發(fā)生素來連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在都在做②過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成影響例：我已上了三年初中。IhavebeeninJuniorSchoolfor3years.自從那次他與我談過心后，我每天都在進步。Ihavebeenmakingprogresssincehetalkedwithmethattime.現(xiàn)在完成進展時態(tài)的必定句、否認句和疑問句形式：必定句例句：Ihavebeenskatingforfivehours.否認句例句：Ihaven'tbeenskatingforfivehours.一般疑問句例句：Haveyoubeenskatingforfivehours?特別疑問句例句：Howlonghaveyoubeenskating?注意：剎時動詞不能夠和一段時間連用。要點語法：mind[one's]doingsth.介意〔某人〕做某事要點語法：咨詢別人為什么要做也許不做某事whydon'tyoudosth.=whynotdosth.例句：Whydon'tyougetheracamera?=Whynotgetheracamera?whatabout=howabout例句：Howaboutsometennisballs?=Whataboutsometennisballs?要點語法：現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)9/19do/does的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)形式：(have/has)donedo/does的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：(have/has)beendone現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)主要重申過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響。例句：我昨年去過美國，那是我第一次出國。IhaveeverbeentoAmerica.It'sthefirsttimeformetogoabroad.要點句型短語infiveyearsoncomputeronpaperliveinasareporterfreetimefallinlovewithlikedoingsthkeepaparrotwantsb.todosth.playone’sstereostayathomearguewithsb/haveanargumentwithsb.beoutofstylewritesbaletter/writetotalkaboutonthephonesurprisesb.payforgetapart-timejobborrowsth.fromsb.getout(of)10/19infrontof/inthefrontoftakeoffbuyforlandonshoutto/atrunawaycomeinhearabouttheMuseumofFlighthappentostopdoingtakeplaceas...asfirstofallpassonbesupposedtodobetterinbeingoodhealthreportcardgetoveropenupcareforhaveapartyforsb.bemadatsballthetime素來，向來inorderto為了haveaparty舉行聚會gotocollege上大學befamousfor因此著稱11/19infact事實上laughat諷刺toomuch太多getexercise鍛煉travelaroundtheworld遨游世界workhard努力工作wearjeans穿牛仔褲getaneducation獲取教育infact其實；實質上runoutof用完；用盡bytheway順便；附帶說說beinterestedin對感興趣morethan比多makealistof列清單thanksfordoingsth.感某人做了某事thinkof/aboutsth.想起某事notatall一點也不turndown調治(收音機等)使音量變小rightaway立刻；立刻waitinline排隊等候cutinline插隊keepdown控制atfirst第一breaktherule不遵從；不遵守putout熄滅puton穿上pickup撿起evenif即使fallasleep入睡12/19giveaway贈予ratherthan勝于hearof聽聞takeaninterestin對感興趣makefriendswith與交友Unit1：Whenwassheborn?Shewasbornin1996.HowlongdidDavidstandinaboxofice?Whendidhestartwriting?HowoldwasMoYanwhenheleftschool?Whywashefamous?/whatmadehimfamous?withgreattalentstreetartistpaintpicturesonthegroundgetintroublewintheNobelPrizeinLiteratureexpecttodosth.allovertheworldpenname;realnamebebornintoafarmer’sfamilydropoutofschooltryeverymeanstodosth.withsth.(nomorebooks)athandHereaditsomanytimesthathefoundseveralmistakesinit.jointhearmybecomefamousbemadeintoafilmbecomeinterestedinhisworksshortstory13/19tootorideabikespendtimewithsb.(spend)winaskatingcompetitionenjoydoingsth.becomeseriouslyillhavebadhealthkeepondoingsth.takepianolessonsgiveconcertstouchtheheartofsb.breakuppersonalinformationWhatdoyouthinkofourschool?kindofstricthappentosb.feelunsureofsthagoodstartingpointturntosb.moreandmore+adjwalkthroughthedoorcomeoverhaveasecretfeelingoffearstandinacornerhelpsb.dosth.passthetimemakesmalltalkwaitinlinebreaktheicedependon14/19givesb.achancetodosth.onvacationtrekthroughthejungletakeiteasyingeneralsomedayassoonaspossiblecometruethousandsofsothatquiteafewontheotherhandholdontoone’sdreaminthefutureIlikeplaceswheretheweatherisalwayswarm.Wherewouldyouliketogo？inthisseasonatthistimeofyearIt’sconvenienttodosth.taketheundergroundtrainpacklightclothesprovidesth.forsb./providesb.withsth.bewillingtodosth.achieveone’sdreamfinditdifficulttodosth.thesecrettolanguagelearningbeafraidtodosth.bodylanguagetheexpressionsonthefaceskeywords15/19beinterestedinlookupthewordinthedictionaryasksb.forhelpworkwithfriendsmakewordcardslistentotapesHowdoyoustudyforatest?IstudybyimprovemyspeakingskillsspokenEnglishIt’shardtodosth.giveareportgetthemainideaatfirstwordbywordIttakestime.Themoreyouread,thefasteryou’llbe.becauseofpoorpronunciationfallinlovewithhaveabetterunderstandingofsth.bebornwithhavesth.incommongetboredtakenotesdrawmindmapstheLanternFestivaltheDragonBoatFestivaltheWaterFestivaleatfivemealsaday16/19putonfivepoundsloseweightintwoweeksbesimilarto...th