HowardGoldblatt葛浩文

——

FidelityandBetrayalintranslation

Name:信馨StudentNumber:2120920HowardGoldblatt葛浩文

1

HowardGoldblatt

HowardGoldblatt2HowardGoldblatt

葛浩文FamousNovelstranslatedbyHowardGoldblatt:

BigBreastsandWideHips《豐乳肥臀》

LifeandDeathareWearingMeOut《生死疲勞》

TheRepublicofWine《酒國》RedSorghum《紅高粱家族》

MoYanThe1stChineseWinnerofNobelPrizeinLiteratureHowardGoldblatt葛浩文3

Goldblatt,73,istheforemostChinese-Englishtranslatorintheworld.Bynow,hehastranslatedthirtyvolumesofChinesefiction,makinggreatcontributionstothepopularizationofChineseliteraturewiththeEnglish-speakingreadersandtoChina’sfirstNoblePrizeinLiterature.

WolfTotem《狼圖騰》by姜戎

LifeandDeathareWearingMeOut《生死疲勞》by莫言

TheFieldofLifeandDeath&TalesofHulanRiver

《生死場和呼蘭河傳》by蕭紅

PleaseDon‘tCallMeHuman《千萬別把我當人》by王朔

4

IntroductiontoHowardGoldblatt

1939borninLongBeach,California,U.S.

Alocalcommunitycollege

SignupforofficerschoolintheNavy—beingsenttoTaipeiasajuniorofficer

1965,hewasengagedintheVietnamWar

BacktoTaipei.Thistime,hemadebetteruseofhistimeandbeganlearningChinese.HeenrolledinTaiwan’sNormalAcademy

GiventheChinesename:GeHeowen,whichmeans“VastLiteraryTalent.”

1968,hisfatherdied.Heflewbackhome.

Master’sdegree:SanFranciscoStateUniversity.

ReadingaChinesenovelbyXiaoJunforthefirsttime

IntroductiontoHoward5

Doctor’sdegree:IndianaUniversity.

1974HisdoctoraldissertationHsiaoHung《蕭紅評傳》(PublishedinHK,1979).

TeachinginSanFranciscoStateUniversity.Translating&Teaching

1985GoldblattfoundoneofMoYan’sstoriesinananthologyofChinesewriters.“oneofthefirstreallyauthenticChinesestorieshe’dreadafterthecountry’sdisastrousCulturalRevolution.”

1989,leftSanFranciscoStatefortheUniversityofColorado.

retiredin2000

2002-2011ResearchProfessorofChineseatthe

UniversityofNotreDame

圣母大學,Focusingsolelyontranslating.

Doctor’sdegree:IndianaUni6“AmericantranslatorsofcontemporaryChinesefictionappeartobethelonelyprovinceofoneman,HowardGoldblatt.”——JohnUpdike,writinginTheNewYorker

AnimpressivefacilitywithChineselanguage,bothwrittenandspokenAneyeforliteraryqualityThoughtsontranslation“Americantranslatorsofconte7TranslationasCompromiseofFidelityandCreativity2.TranslationasBetrayal3.TranslationasRewriting4.TranslationasCross-cultureCommunicationTranslationasCompromiseofF81.FaithfultranslatorandCreativeWriter

“ThesatisfactionofknowingI’vefaithfullyservedtwoconstituencieskeepsmehappilyturningChineseproseintoreadable,accessibleand—yes—evenmarketableEnglishbooks”(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

“IlovetoreadChinese;IlovetowriteinEnglish.”(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

1.FaithfultranslatorandCrea9

（1）一盆熱咕嘟的洗臉水在空中展開。（莫言，2005:8）

Abasinfulofscaldingbathwater

fannedoutintheairabovehim.

(2)孔夫子門前念《三字經》，關云長面前耍大刀。（莫言，2005:22）

ThisislikerecitingtheThreeCharacterClassicatthedoorofConfucious,orengaginginswordpalyinfrontofthewarriorGuanYu.

(3)窮人的命，他似乎看明白了，是棗核兒兩頭尖：幼小的時候能不餓死，萬幸；到老了能不餓死，很難。只有中間的一段，年輕力壯，不怕饑飽勞碌，還能像個人兒似的。（老舍，1999）

Thelifeofapoorman,henowunderstand,waslikethepitofadate,pointedonbothendsandroundinthemiddle…Onlyduringyourmiddleyears,whenyou’restrongandunafraidofeitherhungerorhardwork,canyoulivelikeahumanbeing.

（1）一盆熱咕嘟的洗臉水在空中展開。（莫言10TranslationasCompromiseofFidelityandCreativity2.TranslationasBetrayal3.TranslationasRewriting4.TranslationasCross-cultureCommunicationTranslationasCompromiseofF11

2.TranslationasBetrayal

“WemustthanktheItaliansforremindingusthateverytranslationisabetrayal.”(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

“Ninetypercentofalltranslationisinadequateandoncethreshedintoadifferentlanguage,apieceofwritingistransformed,changed…Translationisinadequate,butit’sallwehaveifgoodwritingistohaveitslifeextended,spatiallyandtemporally.”(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

2.TranslationasBetrayal

“We12(1)一個醬紫色的大瓶子，輪著嘬（zuō），你一口，他一口，喝得十分有趣。（莫言，2005:6）

…Theydrankfromalargepurplebottle,passingitaroundwithgreatenjoyment.

(2)黃羊成了災，就比狼群更可怕。草原上不光有白災、黑災，還有黃災。黃災一來，黃羊就更吃人一樣……(姜戎，2006:31)

Thedamagedonebythegazellesfaroutstripsanydonebythewolves.Theyellowgazellesarethedeadliest,fortheycanendthelivesofthepeoplehere.

(3)入了秋，祥子的病已不允許他再拉車，祥子的信用已經喪失得賃不出車來。（老舍，1999）

BytheearlydaysofautumnXiangzi’ssicknesshadendedhisdaysasarickshawman,butevenifthathadnotbeenthecase,hehadlostthetrustofanyonewhomightrenthimarickshaw.(1)一個醬紫色的大瓶子，輪著嘬（zuō13TranslationasCompromiseofFidelityandCreativity2.TranslationasBetrayal3.TranslationasRewriting4.TranslationasCross-cultureCommunicationTranslationasCompromiseofF143.

TranslationasRewritng

“Ithasbeenmyexperiencethatmostwritersatleasttoleratethemenandwomengiventhetaskofrewriting—forthatissurelythenatureoftranslation—theirworkintootherlanguages”

(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

3.TranslationasRewritng

“I15

（1）人生得意須盡歡（莫言，2005:43）

Anybodywhodoesn’tdrinkdoesn’tdeservetobecalledaman…

(2)您這些話猶如醍醐灌頂，使我頓開茅塞。（莫言，2005:23）

Thoserefreshingwordsfilledmyheadwiththeclarifiedbutterofgreatwisdom,removedallobstaclestounderstanding.

(3)

——信馬由韁式的——（莫言,2005:11）

Preparedtogowiththeflow——thatwashowhelivedhislife——hefollowedthemaninside.（1）人生得意須盡歡（莫言，2005:43）

16TranslationasCompromiseofFidelityandCreativity2.TranslationasBetrayal3.TranslationasRewriting4.TranslationasCross-cultureCommunicationTranslationasCompromiseofF17

4.TranslationasCross-culturalcommunication

“Howtranslatorsgoaboutthetask,howwedealwiththeintricaciesofcrossculturalcommunication—thesearethethingsatissue.”

(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

Notes:

1.task:referstotranslation

2.intricacy:complexity

3.atissue:underconsideration;indispute

4.TranslationasCross-cul18

(1)“二等？他媽的，你們欺負老子！”（莫言，2005:67）

“Second—grade?You’retryingtocheatme,damnyou!”

(Here“老子”referstooneself)

(2)聽老子說（莫言，2005:89）

Listentowhatyoursirehastosay.

(Here“老子”refersto“father”

background:TheRepublicofWine《酒國》:thelittledemonaskedallthesoldchildrentocallhimfather.It’saverycasualsituation)

(3)……喝道:“兔崽子，你敢罵老子？老子斃了你！”

（莫言，2005:89）

…androared,“Youbastard,whothehelldoyouthinkyou’retalkingto?You’redeadmeat!”(Here“老子”doesn’t0conveyanyrealmeaning,theuseofitisonlytoexpress

0animposingmanner.)(1)“二等？他媽的，你們欺負老子194in1:

AsanChinese—Englishtranslator:

Method:ToreadasaChinese;towriteasanAmerica.

Principle:Toreachequivalenceinmeaningratherthanform;toproducereadableandevenmarketableEnglishbooks.4in1:

AsanChinese—Englis20Translationisinadequate:

（1）一盆熱咕嘟的洗臉水在空中展開。（莫言，2005:8）

Abasinfulofscaldingbathwater

fannedoutintheairabovehim.(Meaning:TakingashowerorWashingone’sface?)

（2）黃羊成了災，就比狼群更可怕。草原上不光有白災、黑災，還有黃災。黃災一來，黃羊就更吃人一樣……(姜戎，2006:31)

Thedamagedonebythegazellesfaroutstripsanydonebythewolves.Theyellowgazellesarethedeadliest,fortheycanendthelivesofthepeoplehere.

(Meaning:Lossofinformation)

Translationisinadequate:

（121(3)孔夫子門前念《三字經》，關云長面前耍大刀。（莫言，2005:22）

ThisislikerecitingtheThreeCharacterClassicatthedoorof

Confucious,orengaginginswordpalyinfrontofthewarriorGuanYu.(Equivalenceinformnotmeaning)

(4)人生得意須盡歡（莫言，2005:43）

Anybodywhodoesn’tdrinkdoesn’tdeservetobecalledaman…(Beauty:PoeticvsColloquial)

(3)孔夫子門前念《三字經》，關云長面前耍大刀。（莫言，222References:

[1]Goldblatt,Howard.TheWritingLife[N].TheWashingtonPost,

2002,4(28).

[2]胡安江.中國文學“走出去”之譯者模式及翻譯策略研究—以美國漢學家葛浩文為例[J].中國翻譯.2010(6).

[3]靳秀瑩.葛浩文譯學見解初探[J].重慶交通大學學報（社科版).2009,9(1).

[4]文軍，王小川，賴甜.葛浩文翻譯觀探究[J].外語教學，2007,（6）.

[5]張耀平.拿漢語讀，用英文寫——說說葛浩文的翻譯[J].中國翻譯，2005,(2).

[6]盧東民，孫欣.美國翻譯家葛浩文其人其事[J].濰坊教育學院學報，2010,(2).

[7]季進.我譯故我在——葛浩文訪談錄[J].當代作家評論.2009(6).

[8]付鑫鑫.葛浩文“沒有翻譯，我就不能生活”[N].文匯報，2011,6(4).

[9]老舍.老舍作品經典[M].北京：中國華僑出版社，1999.References:

[1]G23HowardGoldblatt葛浩文

——

FidelityandBetrayalintranslation

Name:信馨StudentNumber:2120920HowardGoldblatt葛浩文

24

HowardGoldblatt

HowardGoldblatt25HowardGoldblatt

葛浩文FamousNovelstranslatedbyHowardGoldblatt:

BigBreastsandWideHips《豐乳肥臀》

LifeandDeathareWearingMeOut《生死疲勞》

TheRepublicofWine《酒國》RedSorghum《紅高粱家族》

MoYanThe1stChineseWinnerofNobelPrizeinLiteratureHowardGoldblatt葛浩文26

Goldblatt,73,istheforemostChinese-Englishtranslatorintheworld.Bynow,hehastranslatedthirtyvolumesofChinesefiction,makinggreatcontributionstothepopularizationofChineseliteraturewiththeEnglish-speakingreadersandtoChina’sfirstNoblePrizeinLiterature.

WolfTotem《狼圖騰》by姜戎

LifeandDeathareWearingMeOut《生死疲勞》by莫言

TheFieldofLifeandDeath&TalesofHulanRiver

《生死場和呼蘭河傳》by蕭紅

PleaseDon‘tCallMeHuman《千萬別把我當人》by王朔

27

IntroductiontoHowardGoldblatt

1939borninLongBeach,California,U.S.

Alocalcommunitycollege

SignupforofficerschoolintheNavy—beingsenttoTaipeiasajuniorofficer

1965,hewasengagedintheVietnamWar

BacktoTaipei.Thistime,hemadebetteruseofhistimeandbeganlearningChinese.HeenrolledinTaiwan’sNormalAcademy

GiventheChinesename:GeHeowen,whichmeans“VastLiteraryTalent.”

1968,hisfatherdied.Heflewbackhome.

Master’sdegree:SanFranciscoStateUniversity.

ReadingaChinesenovelbyXiaoJunforthefirsttime

IntroductiontoHoward28

Doctor’sdegree:IndianaUniversity.

1974HisdoctoraldissertationHsiaoHung《蕭紅評傳》(PublishedinHK,1979).

TeachinginSanFranciscoStateUniversity.Translating&Teaching

1985GoldblattfoundoneofMoYan’sstoriesinananthologyofChinesewriters.“oneofthefirstreallyauthenticChinesestorieshe’dreadafterthecountry’sdisastrousCulturalRevolution.”

1989,leftSanFranciscoStatefortheUniversityofColorado.

retiredin2000

2002-2011ResearchProfessorofChineseatthe

UniversityofNotreDame

圣母大學,Focusingsolelyontranslating.

Doctor’sdegree:IndianaUni29“AmericantranslatorsofcontemporaryChinesefictionappeartobethelonelyprovinceofoneman,HowardGoldblatt.”——JohnUpdike,writinginTheNewYorker

AnimpressivefacilitywithChineselanguage,bothwrittenandspokenAneyeforliteraryqualityThoughtsontranslation“Americantranslatorsofconte30TranslationasCompromiseofFidelityandCreativity2.TranslationasBetrayal3.TranslationasRewriting4.TranslationasCross-cultureCommunicationTranslationasCompromiseofF311.FaithfultranslatorandCreativeWriter

“ThesatisfactionofknowingI’vefaithfullyservedtwoconstituencieskeepsmehappilyturningChineseproseintoreadable,accessibleand—yes—evenmarketableEnglishbooks”(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

“IlovetoreadChinese;IlovetowriteinEnglish.”(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

1.FaithfultranslatorandCrea32

（1）一盆熱咕嘟的洗臉水在空中展開。（莫言，2005:8）

Abasinfulofscaldingbathwater

fannedoutintheairabovehim.

(2)孔夫子門前念《三字經》，關云長面前耍大刀。（莫言，2005:22）

ThisislikerecitingtheThreeCharacterClassicatthedoorofConfucious,orengaginginswordpalyinfrontofthewarriorGuanYu.

(3)窮人的命，他似乎看明白了，是棗核兒兩頭尖：幼小的時候能不餓死，萬幸；到老了能不餓死，很難。只有中間的一段，年輕力壯，不怕饑飽勞碌，還能像個人兒似的。（老舍，1999）

Thelifeofapoorman,henowunderstand,waslikethepitofadate,pointedonbothendsandroundinthemiddle…Onlyduringyourmiddleyears,whenyou’restrongandunafraidofeitherhungerorhardwork,canyoulivelikeahumanbeing.

（1）一盆熱咕嘟的洗臉水在空中展開。（莫言33TranslationasCompromiseofFidelityandCreativity2.TranslationasBetrayal3.TranslationasRewriting4.TranslationasCross-cultureCommunicationTranslationasCompromiseofF34

2.TranslationasBetrayal

“WemustthanktheItaliansforremindingusthateverytranslationisabetrayal.”(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

“Ninetypercentofalltranslationisinadequateandoncethreshedintoadifferentlanguage,apieceofwritingistransformed,changed…Translationisinadequate,butit’sallwehaveifgoodwritingistohaveitslifeextended,spatiallyandtemporally.”(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

2.TranslationasBetrayal

“We35(1)一個醬紫色的大瓶子，輪著嘬（zuō），你一口，他一口，喝得十分有趣。（莫言，2005:6）

…Theydrankfromalargepurplebottle,passingitaroundwithgreatenjoyment.

(2)黃羊成了災，就比狼群更可怕。草原上不光有白災、黑災，還有黃災。黃災一來，黃羊就更吃人一樣……(姜戎，2006:31)

Thedamagedonebythegazellesfaroutstripsanydonebythewolves.Theyellowgazellesarethedeadliest,fortheycanendthelivesofthepeoplehere.

(3)入了秋，祥子的病已不允許他再拉車，祥子的信用已經喪失得賃不出車來。（老舍，1999）

BytheearlydaysofautumnXiangzi’ssicknesshadendedhisdaysasarickshawman,butevenifthathadnotbeenthecase,hehadlostthetrustofanyonewhomightrenthimarickshaw.(1)一個醬紫色的大瓶子，輪著嘬（zuō36TranslationasCompromiseofFidelityandCreativity2.TranslationasBetrayal3.TranslationasRewriting4.TranslationasCross-cultureCommunicationTranslationasCompromiseofF373.

TranslationasRewritng

“Ithasbeenmyexperiencethatmostwritersatleasttoleratethemenandwomengiventhetaskofrewriting—forthatissurelythenatureoftranslation—theirworkintootherlanguages”

(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

3.TranslationasRewritng

“I38

（1）人生得意須盡歡（莫言，2005:43）

Anybodywhodoesn’tdrinkdoesn’tdeservetobecalledaman…

(2)您這些話猶如醍醐灌頂，使我頓開茅塞。（莫言，2005:23）

Thoserefreshingwordsfilledmyheadwiththeclarifiedbutterofgreatwisdom,removedallobstaclestounderstanding.

(3)

——信馬由韁式的——（莫言,2005:11）

Preparedtogowiththeflow——thatwashowhelivedhislife——hefollowedthemaninside.（1）人生得意須盡歡（莫言，2005:43）

39TranslationasCompromiseofFidelityandCreativity2.TranslationasBetrayal3.TranslationasRewriting4.TranslationasCross-cultureCommunicationTranslationasCompromiseofF40

4.TranslationasCross-culturalcommunication

“Howtranslatorsgoaboutthetask,howwedealwiththeintricaciesofcrossculturalcommunication—thesearethethingsatissue.”

(TheWritingLife,WashingtonPost,2002)

Notes:

1.task:referstotranslation

2.intricacy:complexity

3.atissue:underconsideration;indispute

4.TranslationasCross-cul41

(1)“二等？他媽的，你們欺負老子！”（莫言，2005:67）

“Second—grade?You’retryingtocheatme,damnyou!”

(Here“老子”referstooneself)

(2)聽老子說（莫言，2005:89）

Listentowhatyoursirehastosay.

(Here“老子”refersto“father”

background:TheRepublicofWine《酒國》:thelittledemonaskedallthesoldchildrentocallhimfather.It’saverycasualsituation)

(3)……喝道:“兔崽子，你敢罵老子？老子斃了你！”

（莫言，2005:89）

…androared,“Youbastard,whothehelldoyouthinkyou’retalkingto?You’re