模塊3Unit1Theworldofoursenses李仕才一、閱讀理解。Ifyou'remakingdeterminationforahealthiernewyear,consideragutmakeover腸道清理)hangingyourmicrobecommunity微生物群)howevermaynotbeeasy，andnobodyknowshowlongitmighttake.That'sbecausetheecosystemalreadyestablishedinyourgutdetermineshowitabsorbsandprocessesnutrients.Soifthemicrobecommunityinyourguthasbeenshapedbyadailydietofhamburgersandpizz，aforexample，itwon'trespondasquicklytoahealthydietasagutshapedbyvegetablesandfruitsthathasamorevariedmicrobecommunity.“Thenutritionalvalueoffoodisinfluencedinpartbythemicrobecommunitythatencountersthatfood，”saidDrJeffreyGordon，theseniorauthorofthenewpaperanddirectoroftheCenterforGenomeScienceandSystemsBiologyattheWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicineinSt.Louis.“Nutritionalcomponentsofahealthydiethavetobeviewedfromtheinsideout，”hesaid，“notjusttheoutsidein.”Oneofthequestionsthestudysetouttoanswerwashowindividualswithdifferentdietsrespondwhentheytrytoimprovetheireatinghabits.Thescientistsharvestedgutbacteriafromhumans，transplantedthemintomicebredundergerm-freeconditions，andthenfedthemiceeitherAmerican-styleorplant-baseddiets.Thescientiststhenanalyzedchangesinthemice'smicrobecommunities.Ofinterest，thescientistsharvestedthegutbacteriafrompeoplewhofollowedsharplydifferentdiets.OnegroupateafairlytypicalAmericandiet，consumingabout3000caloriesaday，highinanimalproteinswithfewfruitsandvegetables.Someoftheirfavoritefoodswereprocessedcheeseandlunchmeat.Theothergroupconsistedofpeoplewhowerecalorie-restricted.Theyatelessthan1800caloriesadayandhadcarefullytrackedwhattheyateforatleasttwoyears，stickingtoamostlyplant-baseddietandconsumingfarlessanimalproteinthantheothergroup，athirdfewercarbohydrates碳水化合物andonlyhalfthefat.Thiscalorie-restrictedgroup，theresearchersfound，hadafarricherandmorediversemicrobecommunityinthegutthanthoseeatingatypicalAmericandiet.Theyalsocarriedseveralkindsof“good”bacteria，knowntopromotehealth，thatareuniquetotheirplant-baseddiet.Perhapsthebestwaytoshapeahealthiermicrobecommunityistoeatmorefiberbyconsumingmorefruit，vegetables，wholegrains，andnutsorseeds，”saidMeghanJardi，neadietitianwhowasnotinvolvedinthecurrentstudybuthaspublishedarticlesonpromotinghealthymicrobecommunities.Suhregespeopletoaimfor40to50gramsoffiber，dawileyllabovelevelsrecommendedbymostdietaryguidelines.1．Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Changingmicrobiomeisfairlyeasy.B．Ecosystemingutisshapedbycarbohydrates.C．Nutritionalcomponentsaredeterminedbyfoodintake.D．Astohealthydiets，microbecommunitsyhapedbyvegetablesandfruitrespondmorequicklythanthatshapedbyjunkfood.2．WhatcanwelearnaboutMeghanJardine?A．Shesuggestseatingaslittleaspossible.B．Sheattachesgreatimportancetofiber.C．Sheisoneoftheresearchersofthecurrentstudy.D．Sheadvocatesconsumingmoremeatindailylife.3．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardgutmakeover?A．Concerned.B．Opposed.C．Indifferent.．DNervous.4．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A．MicrobecommunityinourgutB．AgutmakeoverforthenewyearC．DietaryguidelinesfordailydietsD．Thebestwaytowardsahealthiermicrobecommunity【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了清理腸道的原因及具體做法。長難句分析：hyalsocarriedseveralkindsof“good”bacteria,knortoprootehealth,thatareuniquetotheirplant-baseddiet.（第四段最后一句分析：這是一個復合句。knontoprootehealt是過去分詞作后置定語，修飾bacteria；that引導的是定語從句，修飾先行詞bacteria。譯文：它們還攜帶好幾種已知能促進健康的有益菌，這些有益菌是他們吃的素食中獨有的。詞匯積累：deterinatiom.決心establish丫.建立absorb丫.吸收coponentn.組成部分transplantv.移植consuev消費，消耗i推理判斷題。oiftheicrobecommunityinyourguthasbeenshapedbyadailydietofhamburgersan，dfpoirzezxaample,itwon'trespondasquicklytoahealthydietasagutshapebdyvegetablaesndfruitsthathasamorevariemdicrobecommunit第一段最后一句譯文：所以如果你腸道里的微生物群是由漢堡和披薩組成的日常飲食塑造而成，它產生反應的速度就不會像一個由蔬菜和水果塑造的腸道那么快，因為后者擁有更多樣化的微生物群。解題思路：根據關鍵句可推知，對于健康飲食，由蔬菜和水果形成的微生物群比垃圾食品形成的微生物群起效快。故選D細節理解題。erhstheestwtosheheIthiermicroecommunitistoeatmorefiberbyconsumingmorefruit,veg，etwahoblelegsrains，andnutsorseeds..最.（后一段第一句）譯文：或許形成更健康的微生物群的最佳方式是通過吃更多的水果、蔬菜、全麥食品以及堅果或植物種子來攝入更多纖維……解題思路：根據關鍵句可知，eghnrdin為纖維很重要。故選。觀點態度題。根據作者在第二段引用的華盛頓大學醫學院ereordom的話以及最后一段引用的營養師eghnrd的話可推斷出，作者很關注腸道清理。項意為“關心的”；項意為“反對的”；項意為“漠不關心的”；項意為“緊張的”。故選。4．B標題概括題。第一段就點明了文章的主題，即“進行腸道清理可以讓人更健康”。接下來的四段內容都是圍繞腸道清理這個主題，包括清理腸道的原因、所做的實驗以及如何清理腸道。項能概括文章的主題，適合做標題。故選。二、單項填空.Tmhoementhecameintohisroom,hesomethingwrong,thoughhecouldn’ttell.A.noticedB.sensedC.feltD.smelt【答案】I【解祈】noticed注意到；sensed感覺到,意識到；felt感覺ssmelt聞到口句意：他一進入房間，就感覺到館識到出了問題，可他又說不清◎選&feel做為燈感覺”是連系動詞后面要接形容詞作表語◎2.Beftohreecampst,hekidsmighthavtehoughtAmericanasredifficultto,butthroughtheexperiencdeuringthecampst,heyknowAmericanasreveryfriendly.A.recognizeB.acknowledgeC.approachD.confirm【答案】【解析】句意：在參加夏令營之前，孩子們可能覺得美國人很難接近，但通過在夏令營里的經歷，他們知道美國人是很友好的。recognie認出，辨認出；acknowledge承認，認可；approach接近，靠近；coniri確定，證實。.ThePresidentthewoman’sservicetohercountrybyawardingheramedal.A.acceptedB.recognizedC.declaredD.realized【答案】【解析】accept接受；recognie認可，認出；declare宣布，聲稱；realie實現，意識到。recogniesth"認可……承認……”。句意：總統肯定了這位婦女對國家所做出的工作，授予了她一枚勛章。.—Theriverrunsclear.-Weallappreciatetheimportancethelocalgovernmenthastheenvironientalprotection.A.attachedtoB.leftforC.respondedtoD.learntfrom【答案】【解析】句意：“這條小溪很清澈。”“我們都很感激當地政府對環境保護給予重視。"attachimportancetodoingsomething重視，著重于，對給予重視；letor動身前往某地；respondedto響應；leantrom向學習。.Anappropriatelydressedspeakerismoretoleaveapleasantimpressionontheaudience.A.capableB.probableC.possibleD.likely【答案】【解析】￡血/魴玉likely的出＞仙一句意：一位有合裝扮的演說者更可能給觀眾留下一個令人愉快的印象.Thedoctoratthepatientquicklyandrangforanambulanceimmediately.A.glancedB.glaredC.gazedD.stared【答案】【解析】句意：快速看了一眼病人之后，這位醫生立即打電話叫了一輛救護車。glanceat匆匆地看一眼；glareat怒目而視；gaeat因驚訝、喜悅或有興趣而注視，凝視；stareat因吃驚、恐懼等而盯著看。.See,yourcomepruthasbrokendownagain!Itdoesn’tsensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.

.haveake..haveake.displayring【答案】【解析】句意：看看，你的電腦又壞了！只為省幾美元買最便宜牌子的電腦是沒有意義的。aesenS有意義。.Aftear5-minuditsecussion,wecameupwithabettert_o_th_emathproblem.A.accessB.wayC.approachD.aspect【答案】【解析】句意：在五分鐘的討論之后，我們想出了一個更好的解決這道數學題的方法◎a8css通路，接近的權利和機會sway方式，方法sapproadi通道，方法s呼ect方面◎在四個選項中只有A,C選項可以和介詞to搭配，jfnaccess是不可數名詞，前面沒有冠詞，如固定短語：haveaccesstoo.Wehadn’tseeneachotherforyearsandhehadchangedagreatdeal,soIdidn’thimatfirst.A.realizeB.repeatC.knowD.recognize【答案】【解析】句意：我們已經好幾年沒見過面了，而且他改變了許多，因此剛開始的時候我都認不出他來了。recognie認出，識別，符合句意。0.The22ndAPECsummithascometoanend,buttheChineseelementsmeetingshavedrawnwidespreadattentionfromthepublic.A.absorbedinB.concernedaboutC.modeledafterD.attachedto【答案】【解析】asored專心致志于；concernedao對關心；odeledafter效仿；attachedto（使）依附于，使相關。句意：第22屆亞太經合組織會議落下了帷幕，但是與這次會議有關的中國元素受到公眾的普遍關注。.Look,darkcloudsaregathering.Itistorainsoon.A.probablyB.possiblyC.likelyD.perhaps【答案】【解析】句意：看，天上烏云密布，可能很快就要下雨了。roa彳很可能；ossily大概，也許；liely可能的；erha也許，大概。liely是形容詞，Itsislielytodosth很有可能做某事。.HemusthavesensedthatIwaslookingathim.Hesuddenlymeandsa

uietlareouelikethatuietlareouelikethatA.gazedat,glaringatB.staredat,gazingatglancedat,staringatD.lookedat,glancingat【答案】【解析】glanceat瞥一眼，匆匆看一下；sta田t睜大眼睛凝視、盯著或瞪著看。句意：他一定是注意到我在看著他。他突然朝我看了一眼，然后輕聲問道：“你為什么要那樣盯著我看？”Jackisgotoschool,sohismotherhastostayathometolookaftehim.A.youngenoughtoB.oldenoughtoC.tooyoungtoveryoldto【答案】【解析】too…to…"太而不能”的結構。根據sohisothehastostaathoetolookatehi可知他太小而不能去上學所以他的母親不得不呆在家里來照看他）所以選c注意：“Jackisoldenoughtogotoschool”的意思是：杰克已經到了上學的年齡。—.Doyouregretpaying20,000dollarsforthesecond-handcar?—Notabit.Ithinkitdeserves.A.asmorethantwicemanyB.morethantwiceasmuchc.morethanastwicemuchD.morethantwiceasmany【答案】【解析】在眼一斑…結構中，表示倍數的詞或程度副詞都放在第一個3S之前0回￥修飾可數名詞復數Smuch修飾不可數名詞。故選Bo句意：”為這輛二手車你花了2Q000美元，你不覺得后悔嗎？*“一點也不后悔口我認為這輛二手車的價值應該是這兩倍多的價錢產.ForeignMinistryspokeswomanHuachunyingansweredthequestionhasconfidenceinthesuccessofitsnewroundofreforms.A.whatB.whetherc.thatD.when【答案】【解析】分析句子結構可知，空處引導同位語從句，作uestior的同位語，從句在結構上很完整，排除代詞hat句意：外交部女發言人華春瑩回答了中國對新一輪改革的成功是否有信心這一問題。三、完形填空Fromchildhood,Moiralovedtowrite.Throughoutschoolshewriting,butpursuing追求itwasneverapossibility.erfatherwasadoctor,hermotheranurse.“Medicinewasafairlyoption”Moirasays.“ncwritingwasacareerwhereitwasn'tathatyou'dhavehighincome.”Shebecameadoctorbutstillwantedtodosomewriting.However,beingadoctorwassothatshedidn'ttakeupwritinguntilherthirties.Sheanovel—afictionalizedversionofhertravelsinChinaafteruniversity.Shegotexcellent7.Moirasentitofftoasmanyagentsasshecouldfind,andfoundonewhowantedtoher.Suddenly,itseemedshewasonherasanauthor.“Ihadonelengthyphonecallwiththeagentwherewealpossibleareasshethoughtneeded.Iworkedonthoseandsentitbacktoherbutdidn'thearanything.”ItwasnotlongMoirfoundanotheragentwhowasishewaswillingtorewriteitfromthefirstpersontothethirdperson.Shedidthehardworkandsentitoffagain.“Igotbackareallybriefletter：‘Thankyou,I'mnolongerinterested.’Itwasreally.”decadewentby,andMoirafoundherselfeagertowriteagain,thistimeforherownenoyment.SheherselfthechallengeofcreatingathrillerandchoseWesternAustraliaashersetting.Asshewaswritingjustforherself,somethingsurprisingbegantohappen.“Thecharactersalifeoftheirown;theystarteddoingthingsIhadn'tthoughtabout.Itustout.”Oneday,anagentcalledfromustralia.Threeweekslater,Moirahadapublicationdeal.Hernovel,Cicada,waspublishedinMarch.“ithadn'tbeenpublishedIstillgainedsomuchfromthe,”saysMoira.【解題導語】本文通過Moira愛好寫作并堅持寫作的故事告訴我們：每個人都要為實現自己的夢想而去努力嘗試，只有經歷過才能夠有所得，在追求的過程中不要過于擔心結果，只有這樣才能成功。1．A.learntB．avoidedC．consideredD．enjoyed解析：根據首句“Fromchildhood,Moiralovedtowrite.”可知，從童年開始，oira就愛好寫作；由此推斷，在上學期間，她仍然喜歡en"0寫作。2．A.activelyB．professionallyC．energeticallyD．permanently解析：根據生活常識及該句中的關鍵詞“neverapossibility”可知，把寫作當作職業來追求幾乎是不可能的。actively“積極地”；professionally”作為職業地”；energetically“精力充沛地”；permanently“永久地”。3．A.influentialB．explicitC．terribleD．safe解析：根據空處前一句“Herfatherwasadoctor，hermotheranurse.”可知，她的父母會給予她醫學方面很多的幫助，所以oira認為醫學是一個十分安全的safe)擇。4．A.dreamB．purposeC．choiceD．certainty解析：根據空后的“you'dhavehighincome”可知，oira也認為寫作是一個不一定能帶來高收入的職業。certainty“確定的事”，符合語境，所以選項正確。5．A.promisingB．discouragingC．demandingD．interesting解析：根據空后的“shedidn'ttakeupwritinguntilherthirties”可知，醫生是一個要求很高的職業，因此她直到三十多歲才開始寫作。promising“有希望的，有前途的"；discouraging“使人泄氣的"；demanding“苛刻的，要求高的”；interesting“有趣的”。所以選項正確。6．A.producedB．introducedC．boughtD．receivedA解析：根據語境可知，她以大學畢業后在中國的旅游經歷為背景創作了一本小說。produce"創作，生產，產生”；introduce“介紹”；buy“買”；receive“收到”。所以選項正確。7．A.rewardsB．readersC．reviewsD．praises解析：根據該段最后一句“Suddenly，itseemedshewasonherasanauthor.”可以判斷，這部小說寫出來后，她得到了極好的評論。reward"報酬”；reader“讀者”；review“評論”；praise“贊揚”。所以選項正確。8．A.employB．representC．trustD．guideB解析：根據語境可知，在眾多的代理人中有一個人愿意代理出版這本小說。employ”雇用，使用"；represent”代表，代理"；trust“信任”；guide“指導”。所以選項正確。9．A.ownB．feetC．wayD．business解析：根據語境可知，她似乎突然就要成為作家了。陽one'sway”即將到達或發生”，所以選項正確。10．A.tookoffB．wentthroughC．pulleddownD．cameover解析：根據語境可知，oira在電話中與代理人就小說中所有代理人認為需要潤色polishing的地方進行了仔細琢磨wentthrough。takeoff"脫下，起飛”；gothrough"仔細察看，仔細琢磨”；pulldown“拆毀，推翻"；comeover“過來，來訪”。所以選項正確。1．1A.deletingB．adaptingC．polishingD．covering解析：參見上題解析。delete“刪除"；adapt"適應，改編"；polish"修改，潤色"；cover”覆蓋，報道”。所以選項正確。12．A.beforeB．afterC．sinceD．when解析：根據上文中的“sentitbacktoherbutdidn'thearanything”可知，oira重新把小說發給代理人但是沒有收到任何回復，不久之后oira找到了另外一個代理人。句型Itwasn'tlongbefore...意思是“不久之后……”。所以選項正確。13．A.fascinatedB．interestedC．anxiousD．amused解析：根據下文中的“I'mnolongerinterested”可知，此處指這位代理人對她的書感興趣。fascinated“入迷的"；interested“感興趣的"；anxious"焦急的，憂慮的"；amused“逗笑的”。所以選項正確。common．absurdcommonC．terrifyingD．disappointing解析：從兩位代理人的態度可知，oira這兩次都以失敗告終，所以這件事情肯定令她感到失望。common“共同的"；absurd“荒謬的"；terrifying“令人恐懼的”；disappointing“令人失望的”。所以選項正確。15．A.purelyB．wonderfullyC．instantlyD．sadly解析：根據該句中的“foundherselfeagertowriteagainownenoymient可知，她發現自己渴望再次寫作，而這次寫作僅僅purely是為了個人樂趣。purely”僅僅，純粹地"；wonderfully"非常好，非常”；instantly“立即”；sadly“悲傷地”。所以選項正確。.A.setB．foundC．madeD．permitted解析：根據語境可知，或「狗自己提出$6=了一個挑戰，寫一部驚險小說。find“發現"；make“整理；進行"；permit"允許，許可”。所以選項正確。1．7A.putupB．tookonC．wentoverD．gotdown解析：根據該句“Thecharactersalifeoftheirown；theystarteddoingthingsIhadn'tthoughtabout”可知，小說中的人物開始具有took。9他們自己的生活。putup"建造；張貼"；takeon”開始具有某種特征、面貌等）"；goover”仔細檢查”；getdown”下來；取下”。所以選項正確。18．A.flewB．broughtC．brokeD．carried解析：根據下文可