實驗2進程狀態轉換及其PCB的變化實驗2進程狀態轉換及其PCB的變化1.目的自行編制模擬程序，通過形象化的狀態顯示，使學生理解進程的概念、進程之間的狀態轉換及其所帶來的PCB內容、組織的變化，理解進程與其PCB間的一一對應關系。內容及要求1）設計并實現一個模擬進程狀態轉換及其相應PCB內容、組織結構變化的程序。2）獨立編寫、調試程序。進程的數目、進程的狀態模型（三狀態、五狀態、七狀態或其它）以及PCB的組織形式可自行選擇。3）合理設計與進程PCB相對應的數據結構。PCB的內容要涵蓋進程的基本信息、控制信息、資源需求及現場信息。4）設計出可視性較好的界面，應能反映出進程狀態的變化引起的對應PCB內容、組織結構的變化。5）代碼書寫要規范，要適當地加入注釋。6）鼓勵在實驗中加入新的觀點或想法，并加以實現。7）認真進行預習，完成預習報告。8）實驗完成后，要認真總結，完成實驗報告。程序流程圖進程的三種基本狀態及其轉換如下圖所示。開始輸入要執行的指令創建進程就緒隊列己NY滿，1,Y提示就緒隊列已滿N該進程執行一個時間片后放回就緒隊列Y有進程處于Y2,運行狀態?N將就緒隊列中優先級最高的進程放入運行隊列N該進程所需執有進程處于行時間減1，并Cputime++Y3,運行狀態？回到就緒隊列N將該進程放入阻塞隊列Y有進程處于Y4,運行狀態，N提示無運行的進程N將該進程放入就緒隊列Y輸入事件發生阻塞隊列中有該5,的進程名稱進程,N提示該進程并未阻塞N提示輸入錯誤N0,Y結束數據結構及說明在本實驗中，主要的數據結構是PCB的數據結構，具體如下：structprocess(charname;//進程名稱intneedtime;〃進程所需要的運行時間intpriority;//進程的優先級};源程序#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string.h>structprocess(charname;intneedtime;intpriority;};structprocessreadyQueue[5];structprocessrun;structprocessblockedQueue[5];conststructprocessnull={NULL,0,0};intreadyQueueHead=0;intblockedQueueHead=0;intcpuState=0;intcpuTime=0;voidOrder(structprocessparameter口，inthead);//將隊列中的進程按優先級排列intCreat();voidDispath();intTimeout();intEventWait();intEventOccur();voidOrder(structprocessparameter口，inthead)(intk,i;structprocesstemp;for(k=0;k<head-1;k++){for(i=0;i<head-k-1;i++){if(parameter[i].priority>=parameter[i+1].priority){temp二parameter[i];parameter[i]=parameter[i+1];parameter[i+1]=temp;}}}}intCreat()(if(readyQueueHead>=5){printf("TheReadyQueuehasbeenfull\n");return0;}label1:printf("inputnewprocessname(mustbealetter):\n");scanf(〃％c〃，&(readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name));getchar();intk;for(k=0;k<readyQueueHead;k++)if(readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name==readyQueue[k].name||readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name==readyQueue[k].name+32||readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name==readyQueue[k].name-32)(printf("theprocessisalreadyexist!\n〃)；gotolabel1;}for(k=0;k<blockedQueueHead;k++)if(readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name==blockedQueue[k].name||readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name==blockedQueue[k].name+32||readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name==blockedQueue[k].name-32)(printf("theprocessisalreadyexist!\n");gotolabel1;}if(readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name==||readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name==+32||readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name==-32)(printf("theprocessisalreadyexist!\n〃)；gotolabel1;}printf("inputneedtime(inputaintnumber):\n");label2:scanf(〃％d〃，&(readyQueue[readyQueueHead].needtime));getchar();if(readyQueue[readyQueueHead].needtime<1||readyQueue[readyQueueHead].needtime>100)(printf("pleaseinputthetrueneedtime(1--100)\n");gotolabel2;}printf("inputthepriority(1--10):\n");label3:scanf("%d",&(readyQueue[readyQueueHead].priority));getchar();if(readyQueue[readyQueueHead].priority<1||readyQueue[readyQueueHead].priority>10)(printf("please1--10!\n");gotolabel3;}readyQueueHead++;Order(readyQueue,readyQueueHead);return0;}voidDispath(){if(cpuState==0){readyQueueHead--;if(readyQueue[readyQueueHead].needtime>0){Order(readyQueue,readyQueueHead);run二readyQueue[readyQueueHead];readyQueue[readyQueueHead]=null;cpuState=1;}elseprintf("noprocessintheReadyQueue\n");}else(Timeout();Dispath();}}intTimeout()(cpuTime++;if(==NULL)return0;readyQueue[readyQueueHead]=run;run=null;cpuState=0;readyQueue[readyQueueHead].needtime--;if(readyQueue[readyQueueHead].needtime==0){printf("Theprocess'%c'hasfinished”,readyQueue[readyQueueHead].name);readyQueue[readyQueueHead]=null;return0;}readyQueueHead++;Order(readyQueue,readyQueueHead);return0;}intEventWait()(if(blockedQueueHead>=5){printf("error:TheBlockedQueuehasbeenfull\n");return0;}if(cpuState==0){printf("error:noprocessinCPU");return0;}run.needtime--;blockedQueue[blockedQueueHead]=run;blockedQueueHead++;run=null;cpuState=0;cpuTime++;printf("Theprocessisblocked!\n〃)；return0;}intEventOccur()(if(readyQueueHead>=5){printf("TheReadyQueuehasbeenfull\n");return0;}printf("Pleaseinputtheprocessnamewhoseeventoccured!\n");charname二getchar();getchar();inti;structprocesstemp;for(i=0;i<blockedQueueHead;i++){if(name==blockedQueue[i].name){blockedQueueHead--;readyQueue[readyQueueHead]=blockedQueue[i];readyQueueHead++;blockedQueue[i]=blockedQueue[blockedQueueHead];blockedQueue[blockedQueueHead]=null;Order(readyQueue,readyQueueHead);printf("Theprocess%cisready!\n”,name);return0;}}if(i==blockedQueueHead){printf("error:Thisprocesshasnotbeenblocked!\n");}return0;}intShow()(printf("\nCPUtime:%d\n”,cpuTime);printf("nameneedtimepriority\n");printf("ReadyQueue:");inti;if(readyQueue[0].name!二NULL)for(i=readyQueueHead;i>0;i--)printf("%c%d%d\n〃，readyQueue[iT].name,readyQueue[i-1].needtime,readyQueue[i-1].priority);elseprintf("null");printf("\nRunningProcess:");if(==NULL)printf("null");elseprintf("%c%d%d\n〃，,run.needtime,run.priority);printf("\nBlockQueue:");if(blockedQueue[0].name==NULL)printf(〃null〃)；elsefor(i=blockedQueueHead;i>0;i--)printf("%c%d%d\n〃，blockedQueue[iT].name,blockedQueue[i-1].needtime,blockedQueue[i-1].priority);}intmain()(SELECT:printf("\n\n1:inputnewprocess\n2:Dispath\n3:Timeout\n4:EventWait\n5:EventOccurs\n0:exit\n);intselect二getchar();getchar();switch(select)(case'1':Creat();Show();break;case'2':Dispath();Show();break;case'3':Timeout();Show();break;case'4':EventWait();Show();break;case'5':EventOccur();Show();break;case'0':exit(0);default:printf("Pleaseselectfrom0to5\n");}gotoSELECT;return0;6.運行結果及其說明

(1)創建進程:按‘1’創建進程，進程被放入就緒隊列，并按優先級從高到低排列。就緒隊列最多容納5個進程，當創建第6個進程時，程序會提示。nullnulli\nnln.frfIaeI兇用nullnulli\nnln.frfIaeI兇用wifinxukhhwDrn-reiiE-G-Tinnnute遍母MueijiE=inp?Jt-ncB^dt-inis-<inpiit-eiint=1tlw=inGPU[in：刑mmBrierleyI^ZiAv^uQ-ii￡；L11U4Riimnin^『pogaw砂nullU14&h*)UE41*=null1=inputn-cuproceas-S：H1iK^MXtgJlineout4"Fum-uLUribL；：Ji*ent/)c-cursClit.LiiijiiiiEimiwi|inmi-EHairBJirBl"CaKivI,】n，id]|；Lliir^iC1Jli|iuEaii'OdLJFit:-IiaijiiLEa￡ratniJi:i<ipii.E1trtj'iir￡ait-ttlyl<l1:GCTOHi睥mure-nee-di:Incprl?*rl.cvC&■J4nullnulLl3tuniriin-iPrac=cs5=nullnulLl-B1.IX；k■tju.CL4W"izlfiputitou'■!in￡?niut-日5E<ic-ntU-iL-iI:5"E*itnItCh:uillhb=Bxlt!±fullItISHoM坪岫。「1full⑵Dispath:按‘2’將就緒隊列中的進程轉移到運行隊列中，如果運行隊列中已有進程則該進程先執行一個時間片，然后回到就緒隊列中，最后將新就緒隊列中優先級最大的進程放到運行隊列中

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