書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-安徽醫科大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Studentsattheseschoolstestfarbelowthestateaverageinreading,andtheirscoreshaveimprovedonly().

問題1選項

A.marginally

B.marvelously

C.martially

D.markedly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。marginally“少量地”；marvelously“不可思議地”；martially“勇敢地”；markedly“顯著地”。句意：這些學校的學生在閱讀測試中遠遠低于州平均水平，而且他們的成績只得到了……提高。空格前面有only修飾，因此可知是只提高了一點點。一次你A選項符合題意。

2.翻譯題

現在西方國家的有志之士都認識到，不同文明之間應學會共存，而不應因文化上的不同而走向沖突以致戰爭。他們認為，不同民族和國家可以通過文化交往與對話取得某種“共識”，也即有一個從“不同”到某種意義上相互“認同”的過程。這種相互“認同”是在兩種不同文化中尋找交匯點，并在此基礎上推動雙方文化的發展，這正是“和”在不同文化中所起的作用。

【答案】AspirantsinWesterncountrieshaverealizedthatpeacefulcoexistenceamongallcivilizationsshouldbeupheld,whileconflictsorevenwarscausedbyculturaldiversitiesshouldbeavoided.Theythinkdifferentnationsandcountriescanreachanagreementbyculturalcommunicationandinteraction,whichrepresentsaprocessfrom“difference”to“agreement”.Reachinganagreementistheprocessofsearchingforthecommonpointindifferentcultureanditisthecoexistencethatpromotesthedevelopmentofdifferentculture.

3.單選題

Marlinisayoungmanofindependentthinkingwhoisnotabout________complimentstohispoliticalleaders.

問題1選項

A.paying

B.havingpaid

C.topay

D.tohavepaid

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：馬林是一個有獨立思考能力的年輕人，他對他的政治領袖阿諛奉承。根據固定搭配“beabouttodo”，排除A，B選項。句子中的時態用的是現在時，所以后面的句子沒有必要用完成時。

4.單選題

TheCollector’sEditioncoinis______,andrepresentsatruecollector’streasuretobeappreciatedforgenerationstocome.

問題1選項

A.unlikelyanyElvisPresleycollectibleeverreleased

B.unlikely,andElvisPresleycollectibleneverreleased

C.unlikeanyElvisPresleycollectibleneverreleased

D.unlikeanyElvisPresleycollectibleeverreleased

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞義。句意：此款收藏版硬幣，……，代表著一個真正的收藏家的珍品，其在未來將會升值。unlike“不同的；不相似的”；unlikely“不太可能的”，常出現于“itisunlikelythat”。由句意判斷，此枚硬幣價值極高，不同于貓王發行的其他收藏品。因此D選項符合題意。

5.單選題

Englandisexperiencingitshardestwinterforyears,someareas______undersixfeetfornearlytwomonths.

問題1選項

A.werelying

B.werelaid

C.havinglaid

D.havinglain

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.werelying在撒謊，正處于B.werelaid被覆蓋，被放置

C.havinglaid覆蓋，放置D.havinglain躺下，處于

【考查點】語態和動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據句子前半句意思“英格蘭正在經歷多年來最艱難的冬天”，可知，someareas（一些地區）是被大雪覆蓋了，故用被動語態；而表示“覆蓋”要用lay，所以werelaid正確。故該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項都表述主動語態，排除。

【句意】英格蘭正在經歷多年來最艱難的冬天，一些地區被埋在6英尺大雪下近兩個月。

6.單選題

Mr.Chenoften（

）hisspeech.

問題1選項

A.tumbles

B.stumbles

C.rumbles

D.fumbles

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項tumble“摔倒”；B選項stumble“躊躇”；C選項rumble“隆隆作響”；D選項fumble“笨手笨腳地做；笨嘴拙舌地說話”。句意：陳先生經常在演講的時候笨嘴拙舌地說話。選項D符合語境。

7.單選題

Imagineaworldinwhichtherewassuddenlynoemotion—aworldinwhichhumanbeingscouldfeelnoloveorhappiness,noterrororhate.Trytoimaginetheconsequencesofsuchatransformation.Peoplemightnotbeabletostayalive:knowingneitherjoynorpleasure,neitheranxietynorfear,theywouldbeaslikelytorepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.Theycouldnotlearn:theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.Societywouldsoondisappear:Peoplewouldbeaslikelytoharmoneanotherastoprovidehelpandsupport.Humanrelationshipswouldnotexist:Inaworldwithoutfriendsorenemies,therecouldbenomarriage,affectionamongcompanions,orbondsamongmemberso￡groups.Society’seconomicunderpinningswouldbedestroyed:sincetherewouldbenoincentivesofanykind.Foraswewillsee,incentivesimplyacapacitytoenjoythem.

Insuchaworld,thechancesthatthehumanspecieswouldsurvivearenexttozero,becauseemotionsarethebasicinstrumentofoursurvivalandadaptation.Emotionsstructuretheworldforusinimportantways.Asindividuals,wecategorizeobjectsonthebasisofouremotions.True,weconsiderthelength,shape,size,ortexture,butanobject’sphysicalaspectsarelessimportantthanwhatithasdoneorcandotous—hurtus,surpriseus,angerusormakeusjoyful.Wealsousecategorizationscoloredbyemotionsinourfamilies,communities,andoverallsociety.Outofouremotionalexperienceswithobjectsandeventscomesasocialfeelingofagreementthatcertainthingsandactionsare“good”andothersare“bad”,andweapplythesecategoriestoeveryaspectofoursociallife—fromwhatfoodsweeatandwhatclothesweweartohowwekeeppromisesandwhichpeopleourgroupwillaccept.Infact,societyexplainsouremotionalreactionsandattitudes,suchasloyalty,morality,pride,shame,guilt,fearandgreed,inordertomaintainitself.Itgiveshighrewardstoindividualswhoperformimportanttaskssuchassurgery,makesheroesoutofindividualsforunusualordangerousachievementssuchasflyingfighterplanesinawar,andusesthelegalandpenalsystemtomakepeopleafraidtoengageinantisocialacts.

1.Thereasonwhypeoplemightnotbeabletostayaliveinaworldwithoutemotionisthat（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,people’slearningactivitiesarepossiblebecausethey（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheeconomicfoundationofsocietyisdependenton（）.

4.Emotionsaresignificantforman’ssurvivalandadaptationbecause（）.

5.Theemotionalaspectsofanobjectaremoreimportantthanitsphysicalaspectsinthatthey（）.

問題1選項

A.theywouldnotbeabletotellthetextureofobjects

B.theywouldnotknowwhatwasbeneficialandwhatwasharmfultothem

C.theywouldnotbehappywithalifewithoutlove

D.theywoulddothingsthathurteachother’sfeelings

問題2選項

A.enjoybeingrewardedfordoingtherightthing

B.knowwhatisvitaltotheprogressofsociety

C.believethatemotionsarefundamentalforthemtostayalive

D.benefitfromprovidinghelpandsupporttooneanother

問題3選項

A.theabilitytomakemoney

B.thewilltoworkforpleasure

C.thecapacitytoenjoyincentives

D.thecategorizationsofouremotionalexperiences

問題4選項

A.theyprovidethemeansbywhichpeopleviewthesizeorshapeofobjects

B.theyarethebasisforthesocialfeelingofagreementbywhichsocietyismaintained

C.theyencouragepeopletoperformdangerousachievements

D.theygeneratemorelovethanhateamongpeople

問題5選項

A.helpsocietyexploititsmembersforprofit

B.encourageustoperformimportanttasks

C.helptoperfectthelegalandpenalsystem

D.helpusadaptourbehaviortotheworldsurroundingus

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據第一段的第二句“Peoplemightnotbeabletostayalive：knowingneitherjoynorpleasure,neitheranxietynorfear,theywouldbeaslikelytorepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.”如果知道沒有了歡喜也沒了快樂,沒有了焦慮也沒了恐懼,人們可能很難存活。他們有可能重復傷害自己的行為，卻認為這是有益的。選項B符合原文。

2.根據第一段“Theycouldnotlearn：theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.”因為沒有情感的世界里根本不存在獎懲,所以人們無法學習。反之,如果因為做了正確的事情而得到了獎勵,那么人們就可能會學習。所以選項A符合原文內容。

3.根據第一段的倒數第二句“Society’seconomicunderpinningswouldbedestroyed:sincetherewouldbenoincentivesofanykind.”社會的經濟基礎將被摧毀:因為沒有任何形式的激勵。所以,社會經濟基礎依賴于享受激勵的能力。選項C正確。

4.根據第二段的第一句,“Insuchaworld,thechancesthatthehumanspecieswouldsurvivearenexttozero,becauseemotionsarethebasicinstrumentofoursurvivalandadaptation.”選項B符合原文。

5.根據原文的最后一段可知,“Emotionsstructuretheworldforusinimportantways.Asindividuals,wecategorizeobjectsonthebasisofouremotions.”情感在很多重要的方面構造了世界。作為個體，我們會根據自己的情緒來分類物品。由此可見,情感可以幫助我們適應周圍的世界，選項D符合原文。

8.單選題

Hadspringeverbeengentle,soendearingbefore?Hadeverylittlescene,everyshopwindow,everyfacehepassedeverbeensowonderfullyinteresting?

問題1選項

A.attractive

B.favorable

C.inspiring

D.peaceful

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.attractive吸引人的，令人愉快的B.favorable給人好印象的（有好感）

C.inspiring鼓舞人心的，激勵的，啟發靈感的D.peaceful安靜的，平靜的

【答案】A

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】endearing的意思為“惹人喜愛的，討人喜歡的”，這里問春天是否曾經惹人喜愛，讓人不自覺地被他吸引，attractive與之詞義相近，因此A選項正確。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】春天曾經如此惹人喜愛嗎？他走過的每一處、每一個商店櫥窗、每一張面孔，都曾經是那么奇妙而有趣嗎？

9.單選題

Readersarerequiredtocomplywiththerulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.

問題1選項

A.observet

B.memorizet

C.commentt

D.request

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。complywith表示“照做，遵守”；A項observe“觀察，遵守”，B項memorize“記住，背熟”，C項comment“發表評論，發表意見”，D項request“要求，請求”。句意：讀者應遵守圖書館的各項規定，注意自己的行為舉止。根據句意可知，該題選擇A項正確。

10.翻譯題

PleasetranslatethefollowingtenEnglishsentencesintoChinese.

Withahistoryofmorethan5,000years,Chinaisoneoftheoldestancientcivilizationsoftheworld.

Chinawasdividedforshortperiodsofitshistory,withdifferentregionsbeingruledbydifferentgroups.

FromXiaDynastyinthe21stcenturyBCtoQingDynasty,Chinaexperienceddozensofdynastiesinhistory.

Eachdynastyachieveduniqueaccomplishmentsinthefieldsofpolities,economy,culture,scienceandtechnology,etc.

HanDynastywasthemostadvancedempireatthattime,whichcontributestotheformationofthename“theHanNationality”.

TangDynastyimpressedChineseforitslongtimeunificationandpowerfulnationalstrength,becauseofwhichoverseasChinesecallthemselves“Tangpeople”abroad.

SongDynastyandMingDynastywereperiodswheneconomy,culture,educationandsciencewerehighlyprosperous.

Butthechangefromonedynastytoanotherusuallyledtolong-lastingwars,whichbroughtunspeakablesufferingforthemasses.

On1October1949,MaoZedongproclaimedthePeople’sRepublicofChina.

MaoistthoughtwaswidelyappliedastheguidingpoliticalandmilitaryideologyoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

【答案】中國有5000多年的歷史，是世界最古老的文明之一。

歷史上，中國在短期內被劃分為多個部分，并且不同的區域由不同的群體管轄。

從公元前21世紀的夏朝開始至清朝結束，中國歷史上經歷過幾十個朝代的變更。

每個朝代在政治、經濟、文化和科學技術等領域都有獨特的成就。

漢朝是當時世界上最先進的帝國,“漢族”這一名稱就得名于漢朝。

唐朝因統一時間長、國力強盛而被國人銘記，因此在海外的中國人自稱為“唐人”。

宋朝和明朝是經濟、文化、教育與科學高度繁榮的時代。

但朝代的更替一般會導致連年戰爭，給人民大眾帶來了難以言表的痛苦。

1949年10月1曰，毛澤東宣布中華人民共和國的成立。

毛澤東思想作為中國共產黨的政治和軍事指導思想被廣泛應用。

11.翻譯題

過去，人們并沒有充分認識到污染給環境造成的影響。只是把它看成一種會熏黑房屋，弄臟河流的令人討厭的東西。

【答案】

Inthepast,peoplewerenotfullyawareoftheimpactofpollutionontheenvironment.Weregarditasanobnoxiousthingwhichcanblackenhouseanddirtyriver.

12.單選題

TheAmericansdifferfromtheChineseintheirabilityto________conversationswithstrangers.

問題1選項

A.holdback

B.enterinto

C.pickup

D.turndown

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項“隱瞞，退縮，抑制，阻止”；B選項“進入”；C選項“撿起，獲得，收拾”；D選項“調小，拒絕”。句意：美國人和中國人在與（）陌生人交談的能力上有所不同。根據關鍵詞：conversationswithstrangers，搭配最準確的是enterinto所以答案選B。

13.單選題

Wearemakinglittle（）inpollutioncontrol.

問題1選項

A.headway

B.sideway

C.edgeways

D.leeway

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項headway“前進；進步；航行速度；間隔時間”；B選項sideway“人行道；小巷”；C選項edgeways“側著；邊對邊地；在邊上的”；D選項leeway“退路；留有余地；風壓差；余地”。根據固定搭配makelittleheadway“前進的步伐很小；沒什么進展”可知該題選headway。句意：我們在控制污染方面成績甚微。因此A選項正確。

14.單選題

Ifwedon'tstopflirtingwiththosedeathlynuclearweapons,thewholeglobewillbe（

）

問題1選項

A.empowered

B.punished

C.polluted

D.annihilated

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:如果我們不停止與那些致命的核武器的親密接觸，整個地球將。empower:使控制局勢，授權。punish:懲罰,處罰。pollute:污染，弄臟。annihilate:消滅，湮沒。

15.單選題

DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.ThiswouldsoundweirdinDanish.WhenDanestalktoforeignersaboutDenmark,theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,thedifficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandself-indulgenceoftheircountrymenandthehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay“Denmarkisagreatcountry.”You’resupposedtofigurethisoutforyourself.

Itisthelandofthesilksafetynet,wherealmosthalfthenationalbudgetgoestowardsmoothingoutlife’sinequalities,andthereisplentyofmoneyforschools,daycare,retrainingprograms,jobseminars—Danesloveseminars:threedaysatastudycenterhearingaboutwastemanagementisalmostasgoodasaskitrip.ItisaculturebombardedbyEnglish,inadvertising,popmusic,theInternet,anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbs―thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit—olddialectspersistinJutlandthatcanbarelybeunderstoodbyCopenhageners.Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”andaforeignerisstruckbythesweetegalitarianismthatprevails,wherethelowliestclerkgivesyoualevelgaze,whereSirandMadamehavedisappearedfromcommonusage,evenMr.andMrs..It’sanationofrecyclers—about55%ofDanishgarbagegetsmadeintosomethingnew―andnonuclearpowerplants.It’sanationoftirelessplanners.Trainsrunontime.Thingsoperatewellingeneral.

Suchanationofoverachievers—abrochurefromtheMinistryofBusinessandIndustrysays,“Denmarkisoneoftheworld’scleanestandmostorganizedcountries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkisthemostcorruption-freesocietyintheNorthernHemisphere.”So,ofcourse,one’sheartliftsatanysightingofDanishsleaze:skinheadgraffitionbuildings(“ForeignersOutofDenmark!”),brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark.

Nonetheless,itisanorderlyland.YoudrivethroughaDanishtown,itcomestoanendatastonewall,andontheothersideisafieldofbarley,anicecleanline:townhere,countrythere.Itisnotanationofjaywalkers.Peoplestandonthecurbandwaitfortheredlighttochange,evenifit’s2a.m.andthere’snotacarinsight.However,Danesdon’tthinkofthemselvesasawaiting-at-2-a.m.-for-the-green-lightpeople―that’showtheyseeSwedesandGermans.Danesseethemselvesasjazzypeople,improvisers,morefreespiritedthanSwedes,butthetruthis(thoughoneshouldnotsayit)thatDanesareverymuchlikeGermansandSwedes.Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.Denmarkhasfewnaturalresources,limitedmanufacturingcapability;itsfutureinEuropewillbeasabroker,banker,anddistributorofgoods.YousendyourgoodsbycontainershiptoCopenhagen,andthesebright,young,English-speaking,utterlyhonest,highlydisciplinedpeoplewillgetyourgoodsaroundtoScandinavia,theBalticStates,andRussia.Airports,seaports,highways,andraillinesareultramodernandwell-maintained.

Theorderlinessofthesocietydoesn’tmeanthatDanishlivesarelessmessyorlonelythanyoursormine,andnoDanewouldtellyouso.Youcanhearplentyaboutbitterfamilyfeudsandthesorrowsofalcoholismandaboutperfectlysensiblepeoplewhowentoffonedayandkilledthemselves.Anorderlysocietycannotexemptitsmembersfromthehazardsoflife.

ButthereisasenseofentitlementandsecuritythatDanesgrowupwith.Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship,andyoushouldn’tfeelbadfortakingwhatyou’reentitledto,you’reasgoodasanyoneelse.Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone,thebenefitsyougetifyouloseyourjob,thestepsyoutaketogetanewone;andtheorderlinessofthesystemmakesitpossibleforthecountrytoweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.

1.TheauthorthinksthatDanesadopta（）attitudetowardstheircountry.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaDanishcharacteristiccitedinthepassage?

3.Theauthor’sreactiontothestatementbytheMinistryofBusinessandIndustryis（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,Danishorderliness（）.

5.AttheendofthepassagetheauthorstatesallthefollowingEXCEPTthat（）.

問題1選項

A.boastful

B.modest

C.deprecating

D.mysterious

問題2選項

A.Fondnessofforeignculture.

B.Equalityinsociety.

C.Linguistictolerance.

D.Persistentplanning.

問題3選項

A.disapproving

B.approving

C.noncommittal

D.doubtful

問題4選項

A.setsthepeopleapartfromGermansandSwedes

B.sparesDanessocialtroublesbesettingotherpeoples

C.isconsideredeconomicallyessentialtothecountry

D.preventsDanesfromacknowledgingexistingtroubles

問題5選項

A.Danesareclearlyinformedoftheirsocialbenefits

B.Danestakeforgrantedwhatisgiventothem

C.theopensystemhelpstotidethecountryover

D.orderlinesshasalleviatedunemployment

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】細節事實題。由題干可以定位到原文首段“DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.”，中文翻譯為：盡管丹麥有著明顯的優點，但是丹麥人卻從不談及自己身為丹麥人有多么自豪。因此B選項“謙虛的”符合題意。

2.【試題解析】細節事實題。根據題干關鍵詞Danishcharacteristic可定位到文章第二段Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”，中文翻譯為：正如俗語所說，它（即丹麥）是一個‘很少人擁有太多且更少的人擁有太少’的國土，對應B選項“社會平等”。第二段中“thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit”，中文翻譯為：沒有一個丹麥的學院去反對它（英語），對應C選項“語言的容忍”。以及第二段“It’sanationoftirelessplanners.”中文翻譯為：它是一個有著不知疲倦的規劃者的國家。對應D選項“持續的規劃”。因此A項符合題意。

3.【試題解析】細節事實題。根據題干可以定位到文章第三段“...brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark…”，中文翻譯為：水溝中打碎的啤酒瓶，倒在公園里的喝醉的青少年。可知答案為D項“懷疑的”。

4.【試題解析】細節事實題。根據題干關鍵詞Danishorderliness可以定位到文章第四段“Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.”，中文翻譯為：有序是一個主要的賣點。因此C項“在經濟上對這個國家被認為是至關重要的”正確。

5.【試題解析】細節事實題。A項“丹麥人清楚地被告知自己的社會福利”可定位到文章倒數第一段“Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone.”，中文翻譯為：福利系統的制度對每個人都是顯然的。B選項“丹麥人將被給予自己的東西當成理所當然”對應文章最后一段中“Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship.”，中文翻譯為：某些東西由于你是公民而是你的。C選項“公開的系統有助于這個國家度過困難時期”對應最后一段“…toweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.”，中文翻譯為：在沒有危機感的情況下去經受住失業和社會動蕩。因此可知答案為D“有序緩解了失業”。

16.單選題

Forallherrichexperienceinpracticinglaw,thelawyerfailedtoprymuchinformationoutofthe______witness.

問題1選項

A.sophisticated

B.obstinate

C.sober

D.gloomy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項sophisticated“復雜的；精致的；久經世故的；富有經驗的”；B選項obstinate“頑固的；倔強的；難以控制的”；C選項sober“冷靜的，清醒的；未醉的”；D選項gloomy“黑暗的；沮喪的；陰郁的”。句意：盡管這位律師有豐富的律師執業經驗，但她未能從這位固執的證人那里打聽到多少信息。因此B選項正確。

17.單選題

Artisconsideredbymanypeopletobelittlemorethanadecorativemeansofgivingpleasure.Thisisnotalwaysthecase,however;attimes,artmaybeseentohaveapurelyfunctionalsideaswell.SuchcouldbesaidofthesandpaintingsoftheNavahoIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest;thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose.

AccordingtoNavahotraditions,onewhosuffersfromeitheramentaloraphysicalillnesshasinsomewaydisturbedorcomeincontactwiththesupernatural—perhapsacertainanimal,aghost,orthedead.Tocounteractthisevilcontact,theillpersonoroneofhisrelativeswillemployamedicinemancalleda“singer”toperformahealingceremonywhichwillattractapowerfulsupernaturalbeing.

Duringtheceremony,whichmaylastfrom2to9days,the“singer”willproduceasandpaintingontheflooroftheNavahohogan.Onthelastdayoftheceremony,thepatientwillsitonthissandpaintingandthe“singer”willrubtheailingpartsofthepatient'sbodywithsandfromaspecificfigureinthesandpainting.Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeingandbecomesstronglikeit.Aftertheceremony,thesandpaintingisthendestroyedanddisposedofsoitspowerwillnotharmanyone.

Theartofsandpaintingishandeddownfromold“singer”totheirstudents.ThematerialusedareeasilyfoundintheareastheNavahoinhabit:brown,red,yellow,andwhitesandstone,whichispulverizedbybeingcrushedbetween2stonesmuchascornsisgroundintoflour.The“singer”holdsasmallamountofthissandinhishandandletsitflowbetweenhisthumbandfore-fingerontoaclean,flatsurfaceonthefloor.Withasteadyhandandgreatpatience,heisthusabletocreatedesignsofstylizedpeople,snakesandothercreaturesthathavepowerintheNavahobeliefsystem.ThetraditionalNavahodoesnotallowreproductionofsandpaintings,sincehebelievesthesupernaturalpowersthattaughthimthecrafthaveforbiddenthis;however,suchreproductionscaninfactbepurchasedtodayintouristshopsinArizonaandNewMexico.ThesearedonebyeitherNavahoIndiansorbyotherpeoplewhowishtopreservethiscraft.

1.Thepurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

2.Thepurposeofahealingceremonyliesin

（

）.

3.The“singer”rubssandonthepatientbecause

（

）.

4.Whatisusedtoproduceasandpainting?

5.Whichofthefollowingtitleswillbebestsuitthepassage?

問題1選項

A.discussthemedicalusesofsandpaintingsinmedievalEurope.

B.studythewaysNavahoIndianshandeddowntheirpaintingart.

C.considerhowNavaho“singer”treattheirailmentswithsandpaintings.

D.tellhowNavahoIndiansapplysandpaintingformedicalpurposes.

問題2選項

A.pleasingtheghosts

B.attractingsupernaturalpowers

C.attractingtheghosts

D.creatingasandpainting

問題3選項

A.thepatientreceivesstrengthfromthesand

B.ithaspharmaceuticalvalue

C.itdecoratethepatient

D.noneoftheabove

問題4選項

A.Paint

B.Beachsand

C.Crushedsandstone

D.Flour

問題5選項

A.ANewDirectionforMedicalResearch

B.TheNavahoIndians’SandPainting

C.TheprocessofSandpaintingCreation

D.TheNavahoIndians’MedicalHistory

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章首先指出藝術除娛樂還有其他功能。之后便納瓦霍人的傳統為例,說明了沙畫師如何在治療疾病方面發揮作用的,故選D。

2.細節事實題。根據題干關鍵詞ahealingceremony定位至第二段:Tocounteractthisevilcontact,theillpersonoroneofhisrelativeswillemployamedicinemancalleda“singer5’toperformahealingceremonywhichwillattractapowerfulsupernaturalbeing(為了抵消這種邪惡力量，病人或其親戚將會請一位“歌唱者”舉行一場治療儀式，通過這種儀式將邪惡力量吸引過去)。故選B。

3.細節事實題。根據題干定位至第三段:Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeingandbecomesstronglikeit(通過這種方式，那些邪惡的力量都將被病人吸取，最終病人的身體會變得強健)。故選A。

4.細節事實題。第四段指出:ThematerialusedareeasilyfoundintheareastheNavahoinhabit:brown,red,yellow,andwhitesandstone,whichispulverizedbybeingcrushedbetween2stonesmuchascornsisgroundintoflour(所用材料在納瓦霍人居住地范圍內很容易獲得。通過兩塊石頭將棕色、紅色、黃色和白色的沙石研磨成粉狀，就像將玉米研磨成粉狀一樣)。故選C。

5.主旨大意題。文章以納瓦霍人的傳統為例，詳細討論了沙畫是如何在治療疾病方面發揮作用。故選B。

18.單選題

Ametropolitanareaconsistsofacentralcityandmanysuburbanareasinits（

）.

問題1選項

A.vicinity

B.vessel

C.upkeep

D.verge

【答案】A

【解析】vicinity鄰近，附近；vessel船，艦；upkeep維持，保養；verge邊緣。句意：大都市區由一個中心城市和它附近的許多郊區組成。選項A符合句意。

19.單選題

Foragoodweek,bothsideshavebeenseekinganequitablesolutiontothisdispute.

問題1選項

A.potential

B.impartial

C.balanced

D.uneven

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項potential“潛在的”；B選項impartial“公平的”；C選項balanced“平衡的”；D選項uneven“不均勻的”。句意：一個星期以來，雙方一直在尋求公平解決這一爭端。劃線部分equitable是公平的意思。因此B選項正確。

20.翻譯題

GenerationJoblessThenumberofyoungpeopleoutofworkgloballyisnearlyasbigasthepopulationoftheUnitedStates

"YOUNGpeopleoughtnottobeidle.Itisverybadforthem,"saidMargaretThatcherin1984.Shewasright:therearefewworsethingsthatsocietycandotoitsyoungthantoleavetheminlimbo.

1.Thosewhostarttheircareersonthedolearemorelikelytohavelowerwagesandmorespellsofjoblessnesslaterinlife,becausetheyloseoutonthechancetoacquireskillsandself-confidenceintheirformativeyears.

Yetmoreyoungpeopleareidlethanever.OECDfiguressuggestthat26m15-to24-year-oidsindevelopedcountriesarenotinemployment,educationortraining;thenumberofyoungpeoplewithoutajobhasrisenby30%since2007.TheInternationalLabourOrganisationreportsthat75myoungpeoplegloballyarelookingforajob.WorldBanksurveyssuggestthat262myoungpeopleinemergingmarketsareeconomicallyinactive.Dependingonhowyoumeasurethem,thenumberofyoungpeoplewithoutajobisnearlyaslargeasthepopulationofAmerica(311m).

2.Twofactorsplayabigpart.First,thelongslowdownintheWesthasreduceddemandforlabour,anditiseasiertoputoffhiringyoungpeoplethanitistofireolderworkers.Second,inemergingeconomiespopulationgrowthisfastestincountrieswithdysfunctionallabourmarkets,suchasIndiaandEgypt.

Theresultisan"areofunemployment",fromsouthernEuropethroughnorthAfricaandtheMiddleEasttoSouthAsia,wheretherichworld'srecessionmeetsthepoorworld'syouthquake.TheangeroftheyoungjoblesshasalreadyburstontothestreetsintheMiddleEast.Violentcrime,generallyindeclineintherichworld,isrisinginSpain,ItalyandPortugal—countrieswithstartlinglyhighyouthunemployment.

Willgrowthgivethemajob?

Themostobviouswaytotacklethisproblemistoreignitegrowth.Thatiseasiersaidthandoneinaworldplaguedbydebt,andisanywayonlyapartialanswer.Thecountrieswheretheproblemisworst(suchasSpainandEgypt)sufferedfromhighyouthunemploymentevenwhentheireconomiesweregrowing.

3.Throughouttherecessioncompanieshavecontinuedtocomplainthattheycannotfindyoungpeoplewiththefightskills.Thisunderlinestheimportanceoftwoothersolutions:reforminglabourmarketsandimprovingeducation.Thesearefamiliarprescriptions,butonesthatneedtobedeliveredwithbothanewvigourandanewtwist.

Youthunemploymentisoftenatitsworstincountrieswithrigidlabourmarkets.Cartelisedindustries,hightaxesonhiring,strictrulesaboutfiring,highminimumwages:allthesehelpcondemnyoungpeopletothestreetcomer.SouthAfricahassomeofthehighestunemploymentsouthoftheSahara,inpartbecauseithaspowerfultradeunionsandrigidrulesabouthiringandfiring.Manycountriesintheareofyouthunemploymenthavehighminimumwagesandheavytaxesonlabour.Indiahasaround200lawsonworkandpay.

Deregulatinglabourmarketsisthuscentraltotacklingyouthunemployment.Butitwillnotbeenoughonitsown.Britainhasaflexiblelabourmarketandhighyouthunemployment.Incountrieswithbetterrecords,governmentstendtotakeamoreactiveroleinfindingjobsforthosewhoarestruggling.Germany,whichhasthesecond-lowestlevelofyouthunemploymentintherichworld,paysaproportionofthewagesofthelongtermunemployedforthefirsttwoyears.TheNordiccountriesprovideyoungpeoplewith"personalisedplans"togetthemintoemploymentortraining.ButthesepoliciesaretooexpensivetoreproduceinsouthernEurope,withtheirmillionsofunemployed,letalonetheemergingworld.

4.Acheaperapproachistoreformlabour-hungrybitsoftheeconomv—forexample,bymakingiteasierforsmallbusinessestogetlicences,orconstructioncompaniestogetapprovalforprojects,orshopstostayopenintheevening.

ThegraduateglutAcrosstheOECD,peoplewholeftschoolattheearliestopportunityaretwiceaslikelytobeunemployedasuniversitygraduates.Butitisunwisetoconcludethatgovernmentsshouldsimplycontinuewiththeestablishedpolicyofboostingthenumberofpeoplewhograduatefromuniversity.InbothBritainandtheUnitedStatesmanypeoplewithexpensiveliberal-artsdegreesarefindingitimpossibletogetdecentjobs.InnorthAfrica