書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)臨床醫(yī)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.填空題

Howareyourweddingplansgoing?

I’d（1）nottalkaboutthem,ifyoudon't（2）.

Oh,Pmsorry,Ididn’tmeantopry

句意:

你的婚禮籌備的怎么樣了？

如果你不介意的話，我寧愿不討論這個(gè)。

哦，不好意思啊，我不是想要打聽的。

【答案】1.rather

2.mind

【解析】1.固定搭配。I'drathernot我寧可不。

2.固定搭配。ifyoudon'tmind如果你不介意的話。

2.單選題

Ithaslongbeenknownthattherateofoxidativemetabolism(theprocessthatusesoxygentoconvertfoodintoenergy)inanyanimalhasaprofoundeffectonitslivingpatterns.Thehighmetabolicrateofsmallanimals,forexample,givesthemsustainedpowerandactivityperunitofweight,butatthecostofrequiringconstantconsumptionoffoodandwater.Verylargeanimals,withtheirrelativelylowmetabolicrates,cansurvivewellonasporadicfoodsupply,butcangeneratelittlemetabolicenergypergramofbodyweight.Ifonlyoxidativemetabolicrateisconsidered,therefore,onemightassumethatsmaller,moreactive,animalscouldpreyonlargerones,atleastiftheyattackedingroups.Perhapstheycouldifitwerenotforanaerobicglycolysis,thegreatequalizer.

Anaerobicglycolysisisaprocessinwhichenergyisproduced,withoutoxygen,throughthebreakdownofmuscleglycogenintolacticacidandadenosinetriphosphate(ATP),theenergyprovider.Theamountofenergythatcanbeproducedanaerobicallyisafunctionoftheamountofglycogenpresent——inallvertebratesabout0.5percentoftheirmuscles’netweight.Thustheanaerobicenergyreservesofavertebrateareproportionaltothesizeoftheanimal.If,forexample,somepredatorshadattackeda100-tendinosaur,normallytorpid,thedinosaurwouldhavebeenabletogeneratealmostinstantaneously,viaanaerobicglycolysis,theenergyof3,000humansatmaximumoxidativemetabolicenergyproduction.Thisexplainshowmanylargespecieshavemanagedtocompetewiththeirmoreactiveneighbors:thecompensationforalowoxidativemetabolicrateisglycolysis.

Therearelimitations,however,tothiscompensation.Theglycogenreservesofanyanimalaregood,atmost,foronlyabouttwominutesatmaximumeffort,afterwhichonlythenormaloxidativemetabolicsourceofenergyremains.Withtheconclusionofaburstofactivity,thelacticacidlevelishighinthebodyfluids,leavingthelargeanimalvulnerableto

attackuntiltheacidisreconverted,viaoxidativemetabolism,bytheliverintoglucose,whichisthensent(inpart)backtothemusclesforglycogenresynthesis.Duringthisprocesstheenormousenergydebtthattheanimalhasrunupthroughanaerobicglycolysismustberepaid,adebtthatisproportionallymuchgreaterforthelargervertebratesthanforthesmallerones.Whereasthetinyshrewcanreplaceinminutestheglycogenusedformaximumeffort,forexample,thegiganticdinosaurwouldhaverequiredmorethanthreeweeks.Itmightseemthatthisinterminablylongrecoverytimeinalargevertebratewouldproveagravedisadvantageforsurvival.Fortunately,muscleglycogenisusedonlywhenneededandeventhenonlyinwhateverquantityisnecessary.Onlyintimesofpanicorduringmortalcombatwouldtheentirereservesbeconsumed.

Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

Accordingtotheauthor,amajorlimitationofanaerobicglycolysisisthatitcan（

）.

Thepassagesuggeststhatthetotalanaerobicenergyreservesofavertebrateareproportionaltothevertebrate’ssizebecause（

）.

Theauthorismostprobablyaddressingwhichofthefollowingaudiences?

Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthecentralideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.refuteamisconceptionaboutanaerobicglycolysis

B.explainanaerobicglycolysisanditseffectsonanimalsurvival

C.describethelimitationsofanaerobicglycolysis

D.analyzethechemistryofanaerobicglycolysisanditssimilaritytooxidativemetabolism

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.produceinlargeanimalsmorelacticacidthanthelivercansafelyreconvert

B.necessitateadangerouslylongrecoveryperiodinlargeanimals

C.produceenergymoreslowlythanitcanbeusedbylargeanimals

D.consumealloftheavailableglycogenregardlessofneed

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.largervertebratesconservemoreenergythansmallervertebrates

B.largervertebratesuselessoxygenperunitweightthansmallervertebrates

C.theabilityofavertebratetoconsumefoodisafunctionofitssize

D.theamountofmuscletissueinavertebrateisdirectlyrelatedtoitssize

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Collegestudentsinanintroductorycourseonanimalphysiology

B.Historiansofscienceinvestigatingthediscoveryofanaerobicglycolysis

C.Graduatestudentswithspecializedtrainingincomparativeanatomy

D.ZoologistsinterestedinPrehistoricanimals

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thedisadvantageofalowoxidativemetabolicrateinlargeanimalscanbeoffsetbytheirabilitytoconvertsubstantialamountsofglycogenintoenergy.

B.Themostsignificantproblemfacinganimalsthathaveusedanaerobicglycolysisforenergyistheresynthesisofitsbyproduct,glucose,intoglycogen.

C.Thebenefitstoanimalsofanaerobicglycolysisareoffsetbytheprofoundcoststhatmustbepaid.

D.Themajorfactorensuringthatalargeanimalwilltriumphoverasmalleranimalisthelargeanimal’sabilitytoproduceenergyviaanaerobicglycolysis

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】文章第一段提到動(dòng)作的氧化代謝率對它們生存方式造成的影響（inanyanimalhasaprofoundeffectonitslivingpatterns）；第二段解釋無氧糖酵解（Anaerobicglycolysisisaprocessinwhichenergyisproduced,withoutoxygen,throughthebreakdownofmuscleglycogenintolacticacidandadenosinetriphosphate(ATP),theenergyprovider）；第三段提到了無氧糖酵解的不足以及對動(dòng)物的生存產(chǎn)生的影響。綜上所述，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

文章第三段第一句提到了補(bǔ)償?shù)木窒扌裕╰herearelimitations,however,tothiscompensation），指出動(dòng)物由于無氧糖酵解所導(dǎo)致的大量能量消耗必須得到補(bǔ)償，然后又通過小松鼠為例來說明小型動(dòng)物補(bǔ)償?shù)臅r(shí)間短，而大型動(dòng)物則需要很長的時(shí)間才能完成補(bǔ)償，這就是補(bǔ)償?shù)木窒扌浴＿x項(xiàng)B符合題意。

文章第二段第二句話Theamountofenergythatcanbeproducedanaerobicallyisafunctionoftheamountofglycogenpresent——inallvertebratesabout0.5percentoftheirmuscles’netweight.Thustheanaerobicenergyreservesofavertebrateareproportionaltothesizeoftheanimal提到了無氧糖酵解與動(dòng)物體型的關(guān)系。隨后舉了恐龍的例子來解釋說明肌肉越多，糖原質(zhì)的含量就越多，體型大，肌肉多，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

文章主要介紹無氧糖酵解對動(dòng)物的生存產(chǎn)生的影響，沒有使用一些非常晦澀難懂的專業(yè)知識(shí)，因此作者最可能針對的是剛剛接觸相關(guān)學(xué)科的人群。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

文章主要提及了氧化代謝率較低的大型動(dòng)物的不利原因。作者通過舉了恐龍這種大型動(dòng)物來說明自己的觀點(diǎn)，比如一只100噸重的恐龍可以通過無氧糖酵解產(chǎn)生3000個(gè)人進(jìn)行氧化新陳代謝（viaanaerobicglycolysis,theenergyof3,000humansatmaximumoxidativemetabolicenergyproduction.）產(chǎn)生的最大的能量，從而保證大型動(dòng)物能在激烈的叢林中生存。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

Broughtupinademocraticatmosphere,thestudentwasshockedbythe______andnarrownessexpressedbyseveralofhisclassmates.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indecisiveness

B.bigotry

C.callus

D.calumny

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)indecisiveness表示“猶豫不定”，B項(xiàng)bigotry表示“偏執(zhí)，頑固”，C項(xiàng)callus表示“愈合組織，老繭”，D項(xiàng)calumny表示“誹謗，中傷”。根據(jù)句子可知，空格處和narrowness（狹隘）為并列成分，因此，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有“偏執(zhí)”符合語境。句意：在民主的環(huán)境中長大的這個(gè)學(xué)生對他的幾個(gè)同學(xué)表現(xiàn)出的偏執(zhí)和狹隘感到震驚。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Thefirstpriorityisto（）agoodreferencebooktoidentifythepestandchoosethemosteffectivecontrol.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.concede

B.concise

C.consent

D.consult

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。concedev.“承認(rèn)；退讓”；concise“簡明的；簡潔的”；consent“同意；贊成”；consult“査閱；商量”。由空后的agoodreferencebook“一本好的參考書”可知D項(xiàng)正確。consultareferencebook查閱參考書。句意：首要任務(wù)就是查閱好的參考書來確定害蟲并選擇最有效的控制方法。

5.單選題

It’sabsolutely（）thatyougetthatformsentoffbythetwenty-thirdofthismonth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vital

B.fatal

C.mortal

D.neutral

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。vital“至關(guān)重要的，生死攸關(guān)的”；fatal“致命的；重大的；毀滅性的”；mortal“凡人的；致死的”；neutral“中立的，中性的”。句意：你這個(gè)月二十三號把那個(gè)表格寄出去，這非常重要。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Hewasaskedtobethe（

）ofthebadmintongamebecausehewasanimpartialperson.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.judge

B.umpire

C.fan

D.controller

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。judge意為“法官，審判員”，泛指各種場合中的評判人員；umpire意為“裁判員”多用于仲裁者本身不需隨比賽移動(dòng)位置，如羽毛球、游泳、板球、棒球等；fan意為“迷，狂熱愛好者，風(fēng)扇”；controller意為“(尤指大型機(jī)構(gòu)或部門的)管理者，控制者”。由thebadmintongame（羽毛球比賽）可知選B。

句意：他被要求擔(dān)任羽毛球比賽的裁判，因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)公正的人。

7.單選題

Thechangesinthiscityhaveoccurred（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withswiftness

B.fastly

C.rapidly

D.inrapidways

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。swift、fast和rapid都是快的意思。swift，含有平穩(wěn)、馬上、優(yōu)美的意思；fast作副詞時(shí)，可指物體或人的速度快，主要用來修飾人或物體的動(dòng)作，fast本身就有副詞的作用。英語中，幾乎不見fastly這個(gè)詞，所以B選項(xiàng)排除；rapid是正式用語，多指運(yùn)動(dòng)本身，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動(dòng)的高速度，所指的速度有時(shí)有“對人有益”的含義，常常可與fast互換使用，但語氣比fast強(qiáng)。例如：Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathisparentswereveryglad.（他取得了如此快的進(jìn)步，以至于他的父母都很高興。），副詞形式是rapidly，修飾動(dòng)詞occur應(yīng)該用副詞，所以C選項(xiàng)符合題意。句意：這個(gè)城市的變化發(fā)生得很快。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Opportunitiesforrewardingworkbecomefewerforbothmenandwomenastheygrewolder.Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.Ouryouth-oriented,threw-awaycultureseeslittlevalueinolderpeople.InwriterLillianHellman'swords,theyhave"thewisdomthatcomeswithagethatwecan'tmakeuseof.”

Unemploymentandeconomicneedforworkishigheramongolderwomen,especiallyminorities,thanamongyoungerwhitewomen.Anationalcouncilreportsthesefindings.Thoughunemployedlongerwhenseekingwork,olderwomenjob-huntharder,holdajoblongerwithlessabsenteeism,performaswellorbetter,aremorereliable,andaremorewillinggolearnthanmenoryoungerwomen.Yetmanyolderwomenearnpoorpayandfaceafutureofpovertyintheirretirementyears.Whensexismmeetsageism,povertyisnolongeronthedoorstep-itmovesin,accordingtoTishSommers,directorofaspecialstudyonolderwomenfortheNationalOrganizationforWomen.Yeta1981reportontheWhiteHouseConferenceonAgingshowsthatasagroup,olderAmericansarethe"wealthiest,bestfed,besthoused,healthiest,mostself-reliantolderpopulationinourhistory."Thisstatementissmallcomforttothoselivingbelowthepovertyline,butitdoesexplodesomeoftheoldtraditionalbeliefsandfears.

Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.Theyhavefewrolemodelsbecauseinpreviousgenerationsthelifespanwasmuchshorterandexpectationsoflifewerefewer.Theyareploughingnewground.

Employersarebeginningtorecognizethatthematurepersoncanbringagreatofstabilityandresponsibilitytoaposition.Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.

1.Aftertheageof40,（

）.

2.FromHellman'sremark,wecanseethat（

）.

3.TishSommersarguesthat

（

）.

4.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,itcanbeseenthatolderAmericans

（

）.

5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthewriter（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mostworkersaretiredoftheirpresentjobs

B.manyworkerstendtosticktotheirpresentjobs

C.peoplefindtheirjobsmorerewardingthanbefore

D.peoplestillwishtohuntfoxmoresuitablejobs

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.fullusehasbeenmadeofthewisdomofolderpeople

B.thewisdomofolderpeopleisnotvaluedbyAmericansociety

C.olderpeoplearenolessintelligentthanyoungpeople

D.thewisdomofolderpeopleisofgreatvaluetoAmericansociety

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.olderwomenusuallyhardtoescapepoverty

B.olderwomenusuallyperformbetterintheirjobs

C.themajorcauseofthepovertyofolderwomenissexism

D.morepeoplehavecometobelieveinsexismandageism

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.havemorejobopportunitiesthanyoungpeople

B.livebelowthepovertyline

C.havenewopportunitiestoremainactiveinsociety

D.nolongerbelieveinthepromiseofahappylifeuponretirement

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.callsattentiontothelivingconditionsofolderAmericans

B.believesthatthevalueofolderpeopleisgainingincreasingrecognition

C.attemptstojustifytheyouth—oriented,throw-awaycultureoftheUnitedStates

D.arguespeopleshouldnotretireattheageof65or70

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的二三句“Afterage40,jobhuntingbecomesevenmoredifficult.Manyworkersstayatjobstheyaretoooldforratherthanfacepossiblerejection.”40歲以后，找工作變得更加困難。許多人寧愿待在因?yàn)樽约耗昙o(jì)太大而無法勝任的工作崗位上，也不愿面對可能的拒絕。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Hellman”定位到第一段最后一句，用作家LillianHellman的話來說，他們擁有“我們無法利用的隨著年齡增長而來的智慧”。再根據(jù)選項(xiàng)來推斷，選項(xiàng)A中的“fulluse”明顯錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)B“年長者的智慧沒有被美國社會(huì)所重視”，符合原文；選項(xiàng)C和D在文中沒有提及。所以本題選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段，然而，許多老年婦女收入微薄，在退休后面臨貧困的未來。據(jù)英國國家婦女組織一項(xiàng)針對老年婦女的特別研究的負(fù)責(zé)人TishSommers說，當(dāng)性別歧視與年齡歧視發(fā)生沖突時(shí)，貧困就不再近在咫尺——它正在向貧困逼近。也就是說，年長的女性通常很難擺脫貧困，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Opportunitiesformovinginandupinalargecompanymayshrinkbutmanyolderpeoplebeginsuccessfulsmallbusinesses,volunteerinsatisfyingactivities,andstayactiveformanyyears.”盡管進(jìn)入大公司并晉升的機(jī)會(huì)可能會(huì)減少，但許多老年人開始成功的小生意，自愿參加令人滿意的活動(dòng)，并在多年來都保持著活躍。由此可知，老年人有新的機(jī)會(huì)在社會(huì)上保持活躍，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者主要表達(dá)的思想是美國社會(huì)忽略了年長者的智慧，再根據(jù)最后一段末句“Onedoesn'tloseabilityandexperienceontheeveofone's65thor70thbirthdayanymorethanonegrowsupinstantlyatage21.”一個(gè)人在65歲或70歲生日前夕不會(huì)喪失能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，正如一個(gè)人在21歲時(shí)不會(huì)立即長大一樣。也就是說，作者相信老年人的價(jià)值正在獲得越來越多的認(rèn)可。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

9.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Farmersinthedevelopingworldhatepricefluctuations.Itmakesithardtoplanahead.Butmostofthemhavelittlechoice:theysellatthepricethemarketsets.FarmersinEurope,theU.S.andJapanareluckier:theyreceivemassivegovernmentsubsidiesintheformofguaranteedpricesordirecthandouts.LastmonthU.S.PresidentBushsignedanewfarmbillthatgivesAmericanfarmers$190billionoverthenext10years,or$83billionmorethantheyhadbeenscheduledtoget,andpushesU.S.agriculturalsupportclosetocrazyEuropeanlevels.Bushsaidthestepisnecessaryto“promotefarmerindependenceandpreservethefarmwayoflifeforgenerations”.ItisalsodesignedtohelptheRepublicanPartywincontroloftheSenateinNovember'smid-termelections.

Agriculturalproductioninmostpoorcountriesaccountsforupto50%ofGDP,comparedtoonly3%inrichcountries.Butmostfarmersinpoorcountriesgrowjustenoughforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.ThosewhotryexportingtotheWestfindtheirgoodswhackedwithhugetariffsorcompetingagainstcheapersubsidizedgoods.In1999theUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentconcludedthatforeachdollardevelopingcountriesreceiveinaidtheyloseupto$14justbecauseoftradebarriersimposedontheexportoftheirmanufacturedgoods.It'snotasifthedevelopingworldwantsanyfavours,saysUganda'sMinisterofFinance.“Whatwewantisfortherichcountriestoletuscompete.”

AgricultureisoneofthefewareasinwhichtheThirdWorldcancompete.Landandlabourarecheap,andasfanningmethodsdevelop,newtechnologiesshouldimproveoutput.Thisisnopie-in-the-skyspeculation.ThebiggestsuccessinKenya'seconomyoverthepastdecadehasbeentheboominexportsofcutflowersandvegetablestoEurope.Butthatmayallchangein2008,whenKenyawillbeslightlytoorichtoqualifyforthe“l(fā)east-developedcountry”statusthatallowsAfricanproducerstoavoidpayingstiffEuropeanimportdutiesonselectedagriculturalproducts.Withtradebarriersinplace,thehorticultureindustryinKenyawillshrivelasquicklyasadiscardedrose.Andwhileagricultureexportsremainthegreathopeforpoorcountries,reducingtradebarriersinothersectorsalsoworks:American'sAfricanGrowthandOpportunityAct,whichcutsdutiesonexportsofeverythingfromhandicraftstoshoes,hasprovenaboontoAfrica'smanufacturers.Thelesson:theThirdWorldcanprosperiftherichworldgivesitafairgo.

ThisiswhatmakesBush'sdecisiontoincreasefarmsubsidieslastmonthallthemoredepressing.Poorcountrieshavelongsuspectedthattherichworldurgestradeliberalizationonlysoitcanwangleitswayintonewmarkets.SuchsuspicionscausedtheSeattletradetalkstobreakdownthreeyearsago.ButlastNovembermembersoftheWorldTradeOrganization,meetinginDoha,Qatar,finallyagreedtoanewroundoftalksdesignedtoopenupglobaltradeinagricultureandtextiles.Richcountriesassuredpoorcountriesthattheirconcernswerefinallybeingaddressed.Bush'shandoutlastmonthmakesalieofAmerica'scommitmenttothosetalksandhispersonaldevotiontofreetrade.

1.Bycomparison,farmers（）receivemoregovernmentsubsidiesthanothers.

2.Inadditiontotheeconomicconsiderations,thereisa（）motivebehindBush'ssigningofthenewfarmbill.

3.Themessagethewriterattemptstoconveythroughoutthepassageisthat（）.

4.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsnewfarmsubsidiesintheU.S.is（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthedevelopingworld

B.inJapan

C.inEurope

D.inAmerica

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.partisan

B.social

C.financial

D.cultural

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.poorcountriesshouldbegivenequalopportunitiesintrade

B.“theleast-developedcountry”statusbenefitsagriculturalcountries

C.poorcountriesshouldremovetheirsuspicionsabouttradeliberalization

D.farmersinpoorcountriesshouldalsoreceivethebenefitofsubsidies

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.favourable

B.ambiguous

C.critical

D.reserved

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Bycomparison,farmers______receivemoregovernmentsubsidiesthanothers.1.相比之下，農(nóng)民______獲得的政府補(bǔ)貼更多。

A.inthedevelopingworldA.在發(fā)展中國家

B.inJapanB.在日本

C.inEuropeC.在歐洲

D.inAmericaD.在美國

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段的第四句“歐洲、美國和日本的農(nóng)民則幸運(yùn)得多：他們獲得了大量的政府補(bǔ)貼，以有保障的價(jià)格或直接補(bǔ)貼的形式提供的”，下文繼續(xù)提到“……這使得美國的農(nóng)業(yè)資助接近于瘋狂的歐洲水平（closetocrazyEuropeanlevels）”，從中可知，歐洲、美國和日本的農(nóng)民獲得了大量政府補(bǔ)貼，而美國接近于瘋狂的歐洲水平，也就是說歐洲的農(nóng)民接受政府補(bǔ)貼最多。選項(xiàng)C正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“在發(fā)展中國家”由第一段第二句“但它們中的大多數(shù)幾乎沒有選擇：它們按照市場設(shè)定的價(jià)格出售”，可知該項(xiàng)并不符合題干，曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“在日本”和D項(xiàng)“在美國”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該兩項(xiàng)并不符合題干，曲解原文。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Inadditiontotheeconomicconsiderations,thereisa______motivebehindBush’ssigningofthenewfarmbill.2.除了經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的考慮，布什簽署新的農(nóng)業(yè)法案還有一個(gè)______的動(dòng)機(jī)。

A.partisanA.黨派的

B.socialB.社會(huì)的

C.financialC.財(cái)政方面的

D.culturalD.文化的

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段，最后一句指出“該法案還旨在幫助共和黨在11月的中期選舉中贏得參議院的控制權(quán)”，這也就是說，布什簽署新的農(nóng)業(yè)法案還有黨派的動(dòng)機(jī)。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“社會(huì)的”、C項(xiàng)“財(cái)政方面的”和D項(xiàng)“文化的”都沒提及，無中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Themessagethewriterattemptstoconveythroughoutthepassageisthat______.3.作者試圖通過這篇文章傳達(dá)的信息是______。

A.poorcountriesshouldbegivenequalopportunitiesintradeA.貧窮國家應(yīng)該在貿(mào)易中享有平等的機(jī)會(huì)

B.“theleast-developedcountry”statusbenefitsagriculturalcountriesB.“最不發(fā)達(dá)國家”的地位有利于農(nóng)業(yè)國家

C.poorcountriesshouldremovetheirsuspicionsabouttradeliberalizationC.貧窮國家應(yīng)該消除他們對貿(mào)易自由化的疑慮

D.farmersinpoorcountriesshouldalsoreceivethebenefitofsubsidiesD.貧窮國家的農(nóng)民也應(yīng)該得到補(bǔ)貼

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章第二和第三段的例子，第二段講到1999年發(fā)展中國家每獲得一美元的援助，就會(huì)因?yàn)閷ζ渲瞥善返某隹谠O(shè)置貿(mào)易壁壘而損失多達(dá)14美元，而第三段講到肯尼亞因?yàn)橄驓W洲出口切花和蔬菜將稍微過于富裕，但是不符合“最不發(fā)達(dá)國家”的資格，所以它的園藝產(chǎn)業(yè)將會(huì)迅速萎縮；結(jié)合第二段最后一句“我們想要的是富裕國家讓我們參與競爭”，以及第三段最后一句“由此得出一個(gè)教訓(xùn)：如果發(fā)達(dá)國家給予第三世界公平的機(jī)會(huì)，它就能繁榮”，綜合理解可知，作者在文章中想要傳達(dá)的信息是貧窮國家應(yīng)該在貿(mào)易中享有平等的機(jī)會(huì)。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“‘最不發(fā)達(dá)國家’的地位有利于農(nóng)業(yè)國家”表述錯(cuò)誤，文中并沒有提到“農(nóng)業(yè)國家”就是除了“最不發(fā)達(dá)國家”以外的其他國家，曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“貧窮國家應(yīng)該消除他們對貿(mào)易自由化的疑慮”根據(jù)文章最后一句“布什上個(gè)月的施舍使美國對這些談判的承諾和他個(gè)人對自由貿(mào)易的忠誠變成了謊言”可知，C項(xiàng)與原文相反，反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“貧窮國家的農(nóng)民也應(yīng)該得到補(bǔ)貼”與原文不符，貧窮國家應(yīng)該得到的是貿(mào)易平等，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsnewfarmsubsidiesintheU.S.is______.4.作者對美國新的農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的態(tài)度是______。

A.favorableA.支持的

B.ambiguousB.模棱兩可的

C.criticalC.批判的

D.reservedD.保守的

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容，從第一句“這使得布什上個(gè)月增加農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的決定更加令人沮喪”，以及最后一句“布什上個(gè)月的施舍使美國對這些談判的承諾和他個(gè)人對自由貿(mào)易的忠誠變成了謊言”可以看出，作者對美國新的農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的態(tài)度是批判的。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“支持的”與解題思路相反，反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“模棱兩可的”和D項(xiàng)“保守的”與原文不符，曲解原文。

10.單選題

Asaresultofthestrike,theGovernmentisurgingpeopletobe（）withelectricity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.economic

B.economical

C.economy

D.economics

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析。economic經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的；經(jīng)濟(jì)的；economical節(jié)儉的；經(jīng)濟(jì)的；economy經(jīng)濟(jì)的；廉價(jià)的；economics經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)。句意：政府敦促人們節(jié)約用電。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

11.單選題

Silk,althoughitisconsideredadelicatefabric,isinfactverystrong,butitisadverselyaffectedbysunlight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.soft

B.sheer

C.fragile

D.refined

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。delicate“精美的；柔和的；易碎的”；A選項(xiàng)soft“柔軟的；溫柔的；軟弱的”；B選項(xiàng)sheer“絕對的；透明的；峻峭的；純粹的”；C選項(xiàng)fragile“脆的；易碎的”；D選項(xiàng)refined“精煉的；精確的；微妙的；有教養(yǎng)的”。句意：絲綢雖然被認(rèn)為是一種易碎的織物，但事實(shí)上它非常結(jié)實(shí)，但它受到陽光的不利影響。根據(jù)句中although“盡管”和“isinfactverystrong實(shí)際上是非常結(jié)實(shí)的”可知delicate在這里的意思為“易碎的”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Everycountrywithamonetarysystemofitsownhastohavesomekindofmarketwhich

A

B

C

dealersinbills,notesandotherformsofshort-termcreditcanbuyandsell.

D

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofitsown

B.somekind

C.which

D.short-termcredit

【答案】C

【解析】考查介詞搭配。原句應(yīng)為dealerscanbuyandsellin，需要將介詞in提前，由“in+which”引導(dǎo)定語從句。

試題答案：C;inwhich

13.單選題

Ithasbeenknownformanydecadesthattheappearanceofsunspotsisroughlyperiodic,withanaveragecycleofelevenyears.Moreover,theincidenceofsolarflaresandthefluxofsolarcosmicrays,ultravioletradiation,andX-radiationallvarydirectlywiththesunspotcycle.Butaftermorethanacenturyofinvestigation,therelationoftheseandotherphenomena,knowncollectivelyasthesolar-activitycycle,toterrestrialweatherandclimateremainsunclear.Forexample,thesunspotcycleandthealliedmagnetic-polaritycyclehavebeenlinkedtoperiodicitiesdiscernedinrecordsofsuchvariablesasrainfall,temperature,andwinds.Invariably,however,therelationisweak,andcommonlyofdubiousstatisticalsignificance.

Effectsofsolarvariabilityoverlongertermshavealsobeensought.TheabsenceofrecordedsunspotactivityinthenoteskeptbyEuropeanobserversinthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieshasledsomescholarstopostulateabriefcessationofsunspotactivityatthattime(aperiodcalledtheMaunderminimum).TheMaunderminimumhasbeenlinkedtoaspanofunusualcoldinEuropeextendingfromthesixteenthtotheearlynineteenthcenturies.TherealityoftheMaunderminimumhasyettobeestablished.However,especiallysincetherecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolaractivitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.Scientistshavealsosoughtevidenceoflong-termsolarperiodicitiesbyexaminingindirectclimatologicaldata,suchasfossilrecordsofthethicknessofancienttreerings.Thesestudies,however,failedtolinkunequivocallyterrestrialclimateandthesolar-activitycycle,oreventoconfirmthecycle’spastexistence.

Ifconsistentandreliablegeologicalorarchaeologicalevidencetracingthesolar-activitycycleinthedistantpastcouldbefound,itmightalsoresolveanimportantissueinsolarphysics:howtomodelsolaractivity.Currently,therearetwomodelsofsolaractivity.ThefirstsupposesthattheSun’sinternalmotions(causedbyrotationandconvection)interactwithitslarge-scalemagneticfieldtoproduceadynamo,adeviceinwhichmechanicalenergyisconvertedintotheenergyofamagneticfield.Inshort,theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldistakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activitycycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverallchangeforperhapsbillionsofyears.ThealternativeexplanationsupposesthattheSun’slarge-scalemagneticfieldisaremnantofthefieldtheSunacquiredwhenitformed,andisnotsustainedagainstdecay.Inthismodel,thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’smagneticfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thecharacteristicsofthesolar-activitycyclecouldbeexpectedtochangeoveralongperiodoftime.Modernsolarobservationsspantooshortatimetorevealwhetherpresentcyclicalsolaractivityisalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,ormerelyatransientphenomenon.

1.Theauthorfocusesprimarilyon________.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetwomodelsofsolaractivity,astheyaredescribedinPara.3,isaccurate?

3.Accordingtothepassage,lateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturiesChineserecordsareimportantforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatstudiesattemptingtousetree-ringthicknesstolocatepossiblelinksbetweensolarperiodicityandterrestrialclimatearebasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentingtwocompetingscientifictheoriesconcerningsolaractivityandevaluatinggeologicalevidenceoftencitedtosupportthem

B.givingabriefoverviewofsomerecentscientificdevelopmentsinsolarphysicsandassessingtheirimpactonfutureclimatologicalresearch

C.discussingthedifficultiesinvolvedinlinkingterrestrialphenomenawithsolaractivityandindicatinghowresolvingthatissuecouldhaveanimpactonourunderstandingofsolarphysics

D.outliningthespecificreasonswhyaprobleminsolarphysicshasnotyetbeensolvedandfaultingtheoverlytheoreticalapproachofmodernphysics

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Inbothmodelscyclicalsolaractivityisregardedasalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,persistingwithlittlechangeoverbillionsofyears.

B.Inbothmodelsthesolar-activitycycleishypothesizedasbeingdependentonthelarge-scalesolarmagneticfield.

C.InonemodeltheSun’smagneticfieldisthoughttoplayaroleincausingsolaractivity,whereasintheothermodelitisnot.

D.Inonemodelcyclesofsolaractivitywithperiodicitieslongerthanafewdecadesareconsideredtobeimpossible,whereasintheothermodelsuchcyclesarepredicted.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheysuggestthatthedataonwhichtheMaunderminimumwaspredictedwereincorrect.

B.TheysuggestthattheMaunderminimumcannotberelatedtoclimate.

C.TheyestablishtheexistenceofaspanofunusuallycoldweatherworldwideatthetimeoftheMaunderminimum.

D.TheyestablishthatsolaractivityatthetimeoftheMaunderminimumdidnotsignificantlyvaryfromitspresentpattern.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thesolar-activitycycleexistedinitspresentformduringthetimeperiodinwhichthetreeringsgrew.

B.Thebiologicalmechanismscausingtreegrowthareunaffectedbyshort-termweatherpatterns.

C.Bothterrestrialclimateandthesolar-activitycyclerandomlyaffecttree-ringthickness.

D.Tree-ringthicknessreflectchangesinterrestrialclimate.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theauthorfocusesprimarilyon________.作者主要關(guān)注________。

A.presentingtwocompetingscientifictheoriesconcerningsolaractivityandevaluatinggeologicalevidenceoftencitedtosupportthemA.提出兩種相互矛盾的關(guān)于太陽活動(dòng)的科學(xué)理論，并評價(jià)經(jīng)常被引用來支持它們的地質(zhì)證據(jù)

B.givingabriefoverviewofsomerecentscientificdevelopmentsinsolarphysicsandassessingtheirimpactonfutureclimatologicalresearchB.簡要概述太陽物理學(xué)的一些最近的科學(xué)發(fā)展，并評估它們對未來氣候?qū)W研究的影響

C.discussingthedifficultiesinvolvedinlinkingterrestrialphenomenawithsolaractivityandindicatinghowresolvingthatissuecouldhaveanimpactonourunderstandingofsolarphysicsC.討論將地球現(xiàn)象與太陽活動(dòng)聯(lián)系起來所涉及的困難，并指出解決這個(gè)問題將如何影響我們對太陽物理學(xué)的理解

D.outliningthespecificreasons