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書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津音樂(lè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題
Itisunfairto(
)fromthesetwoincidentsandsaythatallyoungmenarerecklessdrivers.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.deduce
B.generalize
C.minimize
D.transfer
【答案】A
【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deduce“推論”;generalize“概括,推廣”;minimize“使減到最少;最小化”;transfer“轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)D(zhuǎn)接”。句意:從這兩件事來(lái)推斷是不公平的,說(shuō)所有的年輕人都是莽撞的司機(jī)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
2.單選題
Thatisa______pointofview.Idon’tagreewithyou.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.crystal
B.protein
C.union
D.conservative
【答案】D
【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)crystal“水晶”;B選項(xiàng)protein“蛋白質(zhì)的”;C選項(xiàng)union“聯(lián)合”;D選項(xiàng)conservative“保守的”。句意:這觀點(diǎn)很______。我不同意你的看法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,D選項(xiàng)conservative“保守的”搭配pointofview比較合理,意思指這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)非常保守,符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
3.單選題
Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitythatwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassicalandmedievalworlds,whileduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm“reading”undoubtedlymeantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewary,however,ofassumingthatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisadistractiontoothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothehistoricaldevelopmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedincharacter.
Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreaseinliteracy,andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreased,thenumberofpotentiallistenersdeclined,andthustherewassomereductionintheneedtoreadaloud.Readingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommon,socametheflourishingofreadingasaprivateactivityinsuchpublicplaceslikelibraries,railwaycarriagesandoffices,wherereadingaloudwouldcausedistractiontootherreaders.
Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstillconsiderableargumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreatedrespectfully,andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomewaymentallyweakening.Indeedthisargumentremainswithusstillineducation.However,whateveritsvirtueswere,theoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwasreplacedbytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsforaspecializedreadershipontheother.
Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate,ifnotimpossible,fortheoralreader.Thesocial,cultural,andtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatlyalteredwhattheterm“reading”implied.
1.Whywasreadingaloudcommonbeforethenineteenthcentury?
2.Thedevelopmentofsilentreadingduringthenineteenthcenturyindicated()
3.Educationalistsarestillarguingabout()
4.Theemergenceofthemassmediaandofspecializedperiodicalsshowedthat()
5.Whatisthewriter'spurposeinwritingthispassage?
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Silentreadinghadnotbeendiscovered.
B.Therewerefewplacesavailableforprivatereading.
C.Fewpeoplecouldreadforthemselves.
D.Peoplereliedonreadingforentertainment.
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.achangeinthestatusofliteratepeople
B.achangeinthenatureofreading
C.anincreaseinthenumberofbooks
D.anincreaseintheaverageageofreaders
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.theimportanceofsilentreading
B.theamountofinformationyieldedbybooksandnewspapers
C.theeffectsofreadingonhealth
D.thevalueofdifferenttypesofreadingmaterial
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.standardsofliteracyhaddeclined
B.printingtechniqueshadimproved
C.readers'interestshaddiversified
D.educationalists'attitudeshadchanged
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.Toexplainhowpresent-dayreadinghabitsdeveloped.
B.Tochangepeople'sattitudestowardreading.
C.Toshowhowreadingmethodshaveimproved.
D.Toencouragethegrowthofreading
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:C
第5題:A
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的一二句“Thelastcentury...toreadaloud.”隨著人們讀寫(xiě)能力的提升,讀者人數(shù)的増加以及聽(tīng)眾的數(shù)量減少,所以對(duì)大聲朗讀的需求有所減少。由此推斷19世紀(jì)以前是因?yàn)楹苌儆腥四軌蜃约洪喿x,所以大聲朗讀很普遍。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Examinationoffactors...becausethetasksthemselveschangedincharacter.”可知,19世紀(jì)無(wú)聲閱讀的發(fā)展說(shuō)明閱讀的本質(zhì)發(fā)生了改變,選項(xiàng)B正確。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“therewasstillconsiderable...mentallyweakening.”關(guān)于書(shū)籍是否應(yīng)被用于提供信息或受到尊重,以及諸如報(bào)紙之類(lèi)的閱讀材料是否在某種程度上削弱了人們的精神,仍有相當(dāng)多的爭(zhēng)論。由此推斷,選項(xiàng)D符合原文。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“theoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwasreplacedbytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsforaspecializedreadershipontheother.”舊的共享知識(shí)文化已經(jīng)消失,一方面取而代之的是印刷的大眾傳媒,另一方面是專(zhuān)門(mén)的書(shū)籍和期刊閱讀。由此推斷,讀者的興趣越來(lái)越多樣化,所以選C。
5.作者意圖題。全文主要講述reading(閱讀)的變化及發(fā)展,這一發(fā)展變化說(shuō)明讀書(shū)習(xí)慣的形成過(guò)程及原因,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。
4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題
Themarveloustelephoneandtelevisionnetworkthathasnowenmeshedthewholeworld,makingallmenneighbors,cannotbeextendedtospace.Itwillneverbepossibletoconversewithanyoneonanotherplanet.Evenwithtoday’sradioequipment,themessageswilltakeminutes―sometimeshours―ontheirjourney,becauseradioandlightwavestravelatthesamespeedof186,000milesasecond.
TwentyyearsfromnowyouwillbeabletolistentoafriendonMars,butthewordsyouhearwillhavelefthismouthatleastthreeminutesearlier,andyourreplywilltakeacorrespondingtimetoreachhim.Insuchcircumstances,anexchangeofverbalmessageispossible—butnotaconversation.
Toaculturewhichhascometotakeinstantaneouscommunicationforgranted,aspartofverystructureofcivilizedlife,this“timebarrier”mayhaveaprofoundpsychologicalimpact.Itwillbeaperpetualreminderofuniversallawsandlimitationsagainstwhichnotallourtechnologycaneverprevail.Foritseemsascertainasanythingcanbethatnosignal—stilllessanymaterialobject―cannevertravelfasterthanlight.
Thevelocityoflightistheultimatespeedlimit,beingpartoftheverystructureofspaceandtime.Withinthenarrowconfinesofthesolarsystem,itwillnothandicapustooseverely.Attheworst,thesewillamounttotwentyhours―thetimeittakesaradiosignaltospantheorbitofPluto,theouter-mostplanet.
Itiswhenwemoveoutbeyondtheconfinesofthesolarsystemthatwecomefacetofacewithanaltogethernewgroupofcosmicreality.Eventoday,manyotherwiseeducatedmen―likethosesavageswhocancounttothreebutlumptogetherallnumbersbeyondfour—cannotgrasptheprofounddistinctionbetweensolarandstellarspace.Thefirstisthespaceenclosingourneighboringworlds,theplanets,thesecondisthatwhichembracesthosedistantsuns,thestars,anditisliterallymillionsoftimesgreater.Thereisnotsuchabruptchangeofscaleintheterrestrialaffairs.
Manyconservativescientists,shockedbythesecosmicgulfs,havedeniedthattheycaneverbecrossed.Somepeopleneverlearn;thosewhosixtyyearsagolaughedatthepossibilityofflight,andtenyearsagolaughedattheideaoftraveltotheplanets,arenowquitesurethatthestarswillalwaysbeyondourresearch.Andagaintheyarewrong,fortheyhavefailedtograspthegreatlessonofourage—thatifsomethingispossibleintheory,andnofundamentalscientificlawsopposeitsrealization,thensoonerorlateritwillbeachieved.
Onedayweshalldiscoverareallyefficientmeansofpropellingourspacevehicles.Everytechnicaldeviceisalwaysdevelopedtoitslimitandtheultimatespeedforspaceshipsisthevelocityoflight.Theywillneverreachthatgoal,buttheywillgetverynearit.Andtheneareststarwillbelessthanfiveyearsofvoyagingfromtheearth.
1.Forlighttotravelacrossthesolarsystem,itwilltake().
2.Thefactthatitwillneverbepossibletoconversewithsomeoneonanotherplanetshowsthat().
3.Confrontedwiththenewgroupofcosmicreality,manyeducatedmen().
4.Conservativescientistswhodenythatcosmicgulfscaneverbecrossedwill().
5.Theauthorofthepassage,readerscaninfer,intendstoshowthe().
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.ayear
B.nearlyaday
C.twomonths
D.thirtyminutes
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.certainuniversallawscannotbeprevailedagainst
B.noobjectcanevertravelfasterthanlight
C.westernculturehasaspecialideaofcommunication
D.radiomessagedonottravelfastenough
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.becomeignorantsavagesagain
B.findthe“timebarrier”unbearable
C.willnotcombinesolarandstellarspace
D.cannotadapttotheabruptchangeofscale
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.laughattheveryideasofflight
B.learnalessonastheydidtenyearsago
C.findspacetravelbeyondtheirreach
D.opposethefundamentalscientificlaws
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.limitationsofourtechnology
B.vastnessofthecosmicreality
C.prospectofplanetarytravel
D.psychologicalimpactoftimeandspace
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:D
第3題:D
第4題:C
第5題:C
【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第四段中“...thesewillamounttotwentyhours—thetimeittakesaradiosignaltospantheorbitofPluto,theouter-mostplanet.這相當(dāng)于20個(gè)小時(shí)——這是一個(gè)無(wú)線電信號(hào)跨越冥王星軌道所需的時(shí)間,冥王星是最外層的行星。”20小時(shí)幾乎一天,可知B項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“一年”,與原文不符;B項(xiàng)“幾乎一天”;C項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)月”,與原文不符;D項(xiàng)“三十分鐘”,與原文不符,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“Itwillneverbepossibletoconversewithanyoneonanotherplanet.Evenwithtoday’sradioequipment,themessageswilltakeminutes—sometimeshours…和另一個(gè)星球上的人交談是不可能的。即使使用今天的無(wú)線電設(shè)備,發(fā)送信息也需要幾分鐘,有時(shí)甚至幾小時(shí)……”與第二段中“Insuchcircumstances,anexchangeofverbalmessageispossible—butnotaconversation.在這種情況下,口頭信息的交換是可能的——但不是對(duì)話(huà)。”可推知D項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“某些普遍的規(guī)律是不能被推翻的”,與原文不符;B項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有任何物體的速度能超過(guò)光速”,與原文不符;C項(xiàng)“西方文化有一種特殊的溝通觀念”,與原文不符;D項(xiàng)“無(wú)線電信息傳播不夠快”,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第五段中“Eventoday,manyotherwiseeducatedmen—likethosesavageswhocancounttothreebutlumptogetherallnumbersbeyondfour—cannotgrasptheprofounddistinctionbetweensolarandstellarspace…itisliterallymillionsoftimesgreater.Thereisnotsuchabruptchangeofscaleintheterrestrialaffair.即使在今天,許多受過(guò)教育的人——就像那些能數(shù)到三,卻能把四以外的數(shù)字加在一起的野蠻人無(wú)法理解太陽(yáng)和恒星空間的深刻區(qū)別一樣……它實(shí)際上要大幾百萬(wàn)倍。陸地事務(wù)中沒(méi)有這樣突然的規(guī)模變化”,可推知D項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“再次成為無(wú)知的野蠻人”,與原文不符;B項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)‘時(shí)間障礙’難以忍受”,與原文不符;C項(xiàng)“將不會(huì)把太陽(yáng)和恒星的空間結(jié)合起來(lái)”,與原文不符;D項(xiàng)“不能適應(yīng)規(guī)模的突變”,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第六段中“Somepeopleneverlearn;thosewhosixtyyearsagolaughedatthepossibilityofflight,andtenyearsagolaughedattheideaoftraveltotheplanets,arenowquitesurethatthestarswillalwaysbeyondourresearch.有些人永遠(yuǎn)學(xué)不會(huì);那些六十年前嘲笑飛行的可能性,十年前嘲笑到行星上旅行的想法的人,現(xiàn)在相當(dāng)肯定地認(rèn)為恒星永遠(yuǎn)超出我們的研究范圍。”可知C項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“嘲笑飛行的想法”,與原文不符;B項(xiàng)“像他們十年前那樣吸取教訓(xùn)”,與原文不符;C項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)他們無(wú)法進(jìn)行太空旅行”;D項(xiàng)“反對(duì)基本的科學(xué)規(guī)律”,與原文不符,因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
第5題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章最后一段中“Theywillneverreachthatgoal,buttheywillgetverynearit.他們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo),但他們會(huì)非常接近這個(gè)目標(biāo)。”這個(gè)表述說(shuō)明了作者對(duì)星際旅行充滿(mǎn)著期望,因此知C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“我們技術(shù)的局限性”,與原文不符;B項(xiàng)“浩瀚的宇宙現(xiàn)實(shí)”,與原文不符;C項(xiàng)“星際旅行的前景”;D項(xiàng)“時(shí)間和空間的心理影響”,與原文不符,因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
5.單選題
Theterm"remotesensing"referstothetechniquesofmeasurementandinterpretationofphenomenafromadistance.Priortothemid-1960stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheearth'sgeologicfeatures.Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum:therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth'ssurface.Digitalmultispectralimaginghasnowbecomethebasictoolingeologicremotesensingfromsatellites.
Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessingwithdigitalprocessing,itispossibletocombinealargenumberofspectralimages.Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfrom,themultispectralscanner(MSS)aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.LandsatMSSdataarenowbeingappliedtoavarietyofgeologicproblemsthataredifficulttosolvebyconventionalmethodsalone.Theseincludespecificproblemsinmineralandenergyresourceexplorationandthechartingofglaciersandshallowseas.
Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.Regionalmapspresentcompositionalstructuralandchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicrevolution.Suchreconstructionshaveimportantpracticalapplicationsbecausetheconditionsunderwhichrockunitsandotherstructuralfeaturesareformedinfluencetheoccurrenceoforeandpetroleumdepositsandaffectthethicknessandintegrityofthegeologicmediainwhichthedepositsarefound.
Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources.Withremote-sensingtechniques,itispossibletoobtainmuchgeologicinformationmoreefficientlythanitcanbeobtainedontheground.Thesetechniquesalsofacilitateoverallinterpretation.Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallareas,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathadintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.However,somecriticalinformationcannotbeobtainedthroughremotesensing,andseveralcharacteristicsoftheLandsatMSSimposelimitationsontheacquisitionofdiagnosticdata.Someoftheselimitationscanbeovercomebydesigningsatellitesystemsespeciallyforgeologicpurposes;buttobemosteffective,remotesensingdatamuststillbecombinedwithdatafromfieldsurveys,laboratorytests,andthetechniquesoftheearliertwentiethcentury.
1.Whichofthefollowingcanbemeasuredbytheoptomechanicalscannerbutnotbyvisiblelightphotograph?
2.Landsimagesdifferfromconventionalgeologicmapsinthattheformer(
).
3.Thepassageprovidesinformationaboutallofthefollowingtopicsexcept(
).
4.Whatdoestheauthormentionabout“theconventionalmethods”?
5.Accordingtotheauthor(
).
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Theamountofvisiblelightreflectedfromoceans
B.DailytemperaturechangesofareasontheEarth’ssurface.
C.Thedegreeofradioactivityemittedbyexposedrocksontheearth'ssurface.
D.Atmosphericconditionsoverlargelandmasses.
問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)
A.revealtheexactsizeofpetroleumdepositsandoredeposits
B.indicatethecontinuityoffeaturesthatmightnototherwisebeinterpretedascontinuous
C.predictthemovementsofglaciers
D.providehighlyaccuratedataabouttheoccurrenceofmineraldeposits
問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)
A.theprinciplemethodofgeologicremotesensingpriortothemid-1960s
B.somephenomenameasuredbydigitalmultispectralimagesinremotesensing
C.someofthepracticalusesofregionalgeologicmaps.
D.problemsthataredifficulttosolvesolelythroughconventionalmethodsofgeologicmapping
問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)
A.Theyconsistprimarilyoffieldsurveysandlaboratorymeasurements.
B.Theyarenotusefulinprovidinginformationnecessaryforreconstructinggeologicevolution.
C.Theyhaverarelybeenusedbygeologistssince1972.
D.Theyareusedprimarilytogathercompositionalinformationaboutgeologicfeatures.
問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)
A.geologicmappingisbasicallyanartandnotascience
B.geologicmappinghasnotchangedsignificantlysincetheearly1960s
C.geologicmappingwillhavelimitedpracticalapplicationsuntilremote-sensingsystemsareperfected
D.adevelopmentalmilestoneingeologicmappingwasreachedin1972
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:A
第5題:B
【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段:Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.隨著光機(jī)械掃描儀的發(fā)展,科學(xué)家開(kāi)始利用那些超出可見(jiàn)光攝影術(shù)感知范圍的數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)造數(shù)字化多譜線圖像。這些圖像的建造是通過(guò)用機(jī)械手段對(duì)一些現(xiàn)象的圖像進(jìn)行整理,如可見(jiàn)光譜外光波的反射,無(wú)線電波的折射以及地球表面一些地區(qū)日常溫度的變化。確定B選項(xiàng)’地球表面許多地區(qū)溫度的日間變化‘正確。
2.根據(jù)第四段Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.由于詳盡的地質(zhì)繪圖一般在小的范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行,所以那些具有斷斷續(xù)續(xù)和多變量的區(qū)域特征的連續(xù)性就經(jīng)常不能被認(rèn)可,但是Landsat衛(wèi)星的全方位的觀察角度,能將這一連續(xù)性呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。確定B選項(xiàng)’指明特征的連續(xù)性并不能解釋為連續(xù)性‘正確。
3.根據(jù)第一段:Priortothemid-1960'stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth’sgeologicfeatures.在20世會(huì)己中葉之前,對(duì)膠片的解釋是對(duì)地球地質(zhì)特征進(jìn)行遙感的主要方法。所以A選項(xiàng)‘地質(zhì)遙感的主要方法在20世紀(jì)60年代之前就出現(xiàn)‘符合原文。再根據(jù)第一段Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.隨著光機(jī)械掃描儀的發(fā)展,科學(xué)家#始構(gòu)造數(shù)字化多譜線圖像,利用那些超出可見(jiàn)光影敏感范圍的數(shù)據(jù)。確定B選項(xiàng)’出現(xiàn)了在遙感中利用數(shù)字化多譜線圖像進(jìn)行測(cè)量的現(xiàn)象’符合原文。根據(jù)第三段:Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.:區(qū)域地圖向重構(gòu)地質(zhì)進(jìn)化過(guò)程,提供了成分、結(jié)構(gòu)及時(shí)間順序等信息。確定C選項(xiàng)‘一些地區(qū)地質(zhì)圖有實(shí)用性’符合原文。所以排除法D選項(xiàng)‘通過(guò)傳統(tǒng)的地質(zhì)繪圖方法很難解決問(wèn)題’文中未提及,符合題意。
4.根據(jù)第三段:Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.遙感更基本的應(yīng)用是增強(qiáng)傳統(tǒng)的大范圍的地質(zhì)繪圖的方法。Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.區(qū)域地圖向重構(gòu)地質(zhì)進(jìn)化過(guò)程,提供了成分、結(jié)構(gòu)及時(shí)間順序等信息。再根據(jù)第四段:Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements…地質(zhì)圖采集了數(shù)量繁多、形形色色的一整套具體的實(shí)地測(cè)量和實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)。推斷出A選項(xiàng)‘它們主要包括實(shí)地考察、實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)量’正確。B選項(xiàng)‘在重構(gòu)地質(zhì)進(jìn)化過(guò)程中,他們沒(méi)有能提供必要的信息’與原文不符。C選項(xiàng)‘自1972年之后,他們很少被地質(zhì)學(xué)家用到。‘1972年是這一技術(shù)發(fā)展的里程碑之年,與原文不符。D選項(xiàng)’它們主要被用來(lái)收集有關(guān)地質(zhì)特征的構(gòu)成信息‘與原文不符。
5.根據(jù)第二段Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner(MSS)aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.1972年,安裝在Landsat衛(wèi)星上的多譜線掃描儀傳送出來(lái)的首批多譜線的數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù),吸引了整個(gè)地學(xué)界的注意。確定D選項(xiàng)’1972年成為地質(zhì)制圖發(fā)展的里程碑‘正確。
6.單選題
Peopleinnately()forsuperiorityovertheirpeersalthoughitsometimestakestheformofanexaggeratedlustforpower.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.strive
B.ascertain
C.justify
D.adhere
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。A選項(xiàng)“為……奮斗,爭(zhēng)取……”;B選項(xiàng)“確定,探知”;C選項(xiàng)“證明……是正當(dāng)?shù)摹保籇選項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)持……”,句意為:人們天生()比同齡人優(yōu)越,盡管有時(shí)表現(xiàn)為夸張的權(quán)力欲。本句表示“人們天生就想爭(zhēng)取比同齡人優(yōu)越”,因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。
7.單選題
Chemicalbombscarrychemicalagentssuchasnervegas,orbiologicalweaponssuchasthecontagiousdiseaseanthrax.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.infectious
B.destructive
C.mysterious
D.incurable
【答案】A
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.infectious傳染性的,感染的(尤指通過(guò)呼吸)B.destructive引起破壞(或毀滅)的,破壞(或毀滅)性的
C.mysterious神秘的,不易解釋的D.incurable不能治愈的
【答案】A
【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。
【解題思路】contagious的意思為“(疾病)接觸傳染的”,修飾disease,指的是傳染病,infectious與之詞義相近,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。
【句意】化學(xué)炸彈含有神經(jīng)毒氣等化學(xué)物質(zhì),或炭疽熱傳染病等生物武器。
8.單選題
Thepolicebelievethatthethiefisstillonthe().
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.premises
B.diversity
C.emission
D.engagement
【答案】A
【解析】名詞詞義辨析。premises“處所”;diversity“多樣性”;emission“散發(fā)”;engagement“訂婚”。句意:警察相信,這個(gè)小偷仍在他的住所。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
9.單選題
____effortsareneededinordertofinishimportantbutunpleasanttasks.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Consecutive
B.Condensed
C.Perpetual
D.Persistent
【答案】D
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.Consecutive連續(xù)不斷的B.Condensed濃縮的
C.Perpetual長(zhǎng)久的;終身的D.Persistent執(zhí)著的;不屈不撓的;堅(jiān)持不懈的
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。
【解題思路】句意:為了完成重要但不愉快的任務(wù),需要……努力。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)不愉快但是重要的任務(wù),因此需要一種堅(jiān)持的努力。D選項(xiàng)指不顧困難執(zhí)意做某事,在這里符合語(yǔ)境。因此選D。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)Consecutive“連續(xù)不斷的”,指一個(gè)接一個(gè),連續(xù)不斷,沒(méi)有中斷。而句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是堅(jiān)持做不愉快但重要的事情,該選項(xiàng)不是最佳選項(xiàng);
B選項(xiàng)Condensed“濃縮的”,該選項(xiàng)不符合句意;
D選項(xiàng)Perpetual“長(zhǎng)久的;終身的”,該選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。
【句意】為了完成重要但不愉快的任務(wù),需要堅(jiān)持不懈的努力。
10.單選題
Theboyhasadmittedto(
)thewindowwhileplayingfootballyesterday.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.breaking
B.havingbeenbroken
C.break
D.bebreaking
【答案】A
【解析】句意:那個(gè)男孩承認(rèn)在昨天踢足球的時(shí)候打破了窗子。
語(yǔ)法題。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。admitto中的to是介詞,后接動(dòng)詞吋需用-ing形式,排除C,D;并且break是瞬間動(dòng)詞不能用完成時(shí)態(tài),故答案選項(xiàng)為A。
11.單選題
Tomanypeople,ahusbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily—theyneedchildrentoenrichthecircle,to_______familycharacterandtogathertheredemptiveinfluenceofoffspring.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.repress
B.intimidate
C.validate
D.confine
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“repress”意為“抑制;鎮(zhèn)壓(叛亂等);約束”;B選項(xiàng)“intimidate”意為“恐嚇,威脅;脅迫”;C選項(xiàng)“validate”意為“驗(yàn)證;確認(rèn);使生效”;D選項(xiàng)“confine”意為“限制;禁閉;(因疾病、殘疾)無(wú)法離開(kāi)(床、家、輪椅)”。句意:對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō),夫妻二人似乎并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)真正的家庭——他們需要孩子來(lái)充實(shí)他們的小圈子,使家庭特征生效,并從后代那里獲得某種救贖的影響。由題干可知,ahusbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily(夫妻二人似乎并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)真正的家庭)夫妻需要孩子才能構(gòu)成完整的家庭,所以家庭特征需要有孩子才能生效。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。
12.單選題
Theelectronicallydevelopedcountriesare______nothinglessthantheabandonmentofreadingandwritingofwrittenlanguageitself,andinitsplace,therecreationoforalculture.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.accessing
B.evolving
C.witnessing
D.misleading
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)access“接近,使用,訪問(wèn)”,B項(xiàng)evolve“發(fā)展,進(jìn)化,使逐步形成”,C項(xiàng)witness“目擊,見(jiàn)證,為……作證”,D項(xiàng)mislead“誤導(dǎo),帶錯(cuò)”。根據(jù)空格后的賓語(yǔ)nothinglessthantheabandonmentofreadingandwritingofwrittenlanguageitself“對(duì)書(shū)面語(yǔ)言本身的閱讀和書(shū)寫(xiě)的完全拋棄”可知,“目睹、見(jiàn)證”符合語(yǔ)境。句意:在電子發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家,人們目睹了對(duì)書(shū)面語(yǔ)言本身的閱讀和書(shū)寫(xiě)的拋棄,取而代之的是口頭文化的再造。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。
13.單選題
He()threehoursinthesnowtogetbackhome.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.trudged
B.grudged
C.judged
D.fudged
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)trudge“跋涉”;B選項(xiàng)grudge“(因不滿(mǎn)而)不愿意給(或允許)”;C選項(xiàng)judge“判斷;猜測(cè)(大小、數(shù)量等)”;D選項(xiàng)fudge“含糊其辭,模糊處理;回避。句意:他在雪中跋涉三個(gè)鐘頭才回到家。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。
14.單選題
Putondarkglassesorthesunwill(
)youandyouwon'tbeabletosee.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.discern
B.distort
C.dazzle
D.distract
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。discern意為“識(shí)別,覺(jué)察出,看出”;distort意為“歪曲,扭曲”;dazzle意為“使目眩”;distract意為“使分心”。
句意:戴上墨鏡,否則太陽(yáng)會(huì)讓你眼花,你會(huì)看不見(jiàn)。
15.單選題
Amotionpicturedirectorforovertwentyyears,JohnChampmanstampedhisfilmwith(
)tyleandpersonalconviction.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.himself
B.hisown
C.his
D.him
【答案】B
【解析】考查人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞的用法。句意:二十多年來(lái),電影導(dǎo)演John將他的電影深深烙上了個(gè)人風(fēng)格和個(gè)人信仰的記號(hào)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。hisown“他自己的”。
16.單選題
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.Todropherbusinessproposal.
B.Togivemoredetailsaboutherproposal.
C.Toweighlossesandgainsofthebusiness.
D.Tosubmittheproposalbeforethedeadline.
【答案】B
【解析】4.W:Wouldyouliketohearaboutmynewbusinessproposal?I’vebeenthinkingaboutitforalongtime.AndIthinkitcouldbereallyprofitabletostartexportingmedicalthreeD-printerstoChina.
M:ExportingmedicalthreeD-printerstoChina.Ithinkyouneedtoelaborate.
Q:Whatisthewomanaskedtodo?
【試題答案】B
【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為:女士被要求做什么?由文中“ExportingmedicalthreeD-printerstoChina.Ithinkyouneedtoelaborate.(出口3D醫(yī)療打印技術(shù)到中國(guó),我想你還需要細(xì)化一下方案)”,可知B選項(xiàng)“Togivemoredetailsaboutherproposal.(要詳細(xì)闡述一下她的建議)”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“不考慮她的商業(yè)建議”;C選項(xiàng)“衡量企業(yè)的損益”;D選項(xiàng)“在截至日期之前提交提案”不符合原文。
17.單選題
Bladderwrack,atough,leatherybrownseaweed,clingstorockstenaciously.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.growsunder
B.hidesunder
C.sticksto
D.yieldsto
【答案】C
【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)growunder“在……下成長(zhǎng)”,B項(xiàng)hideunder“在……掩蓋之下”,C項(xiàng)stickto“堅(jiān)持,粘住”,D項(xiàng)yieldto“屈服,讓步”。句意:一種堅(jiān)韌的棕色海藻,頑強(qiáng)地附著在巖石上。clingsto在句中表示“附著”。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
18.單選題
Inthiscountryitisagainstthe()nottowearseatbeltsinacar.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.rule
B.regulation
C.law
D.order
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)rule“規(guī)則”;B選項(xiàng)regulation“管理,校準(zhǔn)”;C選項(xiàng)law“法律”;D選項(xiàng)order“指示,命令”。句意:在這個(gè)國(guó)家,在汽車(chē)?yán)锊幌蛋踩珟莀____的。這里考查固定搭配againstthelaw“違反法律”,句子表達(dá)的意思是,不系安全帶在這個(gè)國(guó)家是違法的,因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。
19.單選題
Somestudiesconfirmedthatthiskindofeyediseasewas()intropicalcountries.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.prospective
B.prevalent
C.provocative
D.perpetual
【答案】B
【解析】句意:一些研究證實(shí)這種眼病在熱帶國(guó)家是普遍的。
考查形容詞辨析。prospective未來(lái)的;預(yù)期的;prevalent流行的;普遍的;provocative刺激的,挑撥的;氣人的;perpetual永久的;不斷的。空格處形容詞的主語(yǔ)是eyedisease(眼病),因此B符合句意。
20.單選題
Itissaidthatthecustomofshakinghandsoriginatedwhenprimitivemenheldoutemptyhandstoindicatethattheyhadno()weaponsandwerethusamicablydisposed.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.lethal
B.murderous
C.concealed
D.secret
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。lethal“致命的”;murderous“殺人的;殘忍的”;concealed“隱蔽的”;secret“秘密的”。由heldoutemptyhands“伸出空手”可知是沒(méi)有“隱藏的武器”,選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
21.單選題
Onceaducklinghasidentifiedaparent,theinstinctivebondbecomesapowerful(
)foradditionallearningsince,by(
)theparent;theducklingcanacquirefurtherinformationthatisnotgeneticallytransmitted.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.impulsesurpassing
B.referent...recognizing
C.inspiration...emulating
D.channel...mimicking
【答案】D
【解析】名詞和動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)的impulse“推動(dòng),沖動(dòng),刺激”;surpass“優(yōu)于或超過(guò)某人、某物”;B選項(xiàng)的referent“指示物”;recognize“認(rèn)出,識(shí)別,承認(rèn)”;C選項(xiàng)的inspiration“靈感,鼓舞或激勵(lì)人的人或事物,好主意”;emulate“與…競(jìng)爭(zhēng),模仿,仿效”;D選項(xiàng)的channel“通道,頻道,海峽”;mimicking“模仿,仿效”根據(jù)句意‘一旦某只小鴨辨認(rèn)出其父母,這種帶有本能性質(zhì)的紐帶便變成一條極有用的進(jìn)行額外學(xué)習(xí)的渠道,因?yàn)橥ㄟ^(guò)模仿其父母,小鴨能進(jìn)一步獲取那些單靠基因遺傳所無(wú)法傳輸給它的信息’可知應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。
22.單選題
Thenutritionofacommon-wealth()theplenty,anddistributionofmaterialsconducingtolife.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.consistsof
B.consistsin
C.isconsistentwith
D.iscomposedof
【答案】B
【解析】固定搭配。consistsof“由組成”;consistsin“存在于”;isconsistentwith“與一致”;iscomposedof“由組成”。句意:共同財(cái)富的好處在于有益于生活的物質(zhì)的豐富性和物質(zhì)分配。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
23.單選題
Sheisavery________womantoshoutlikethatatthetopofhervoice.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.vague
B.vogue
C.versatile
D.vulgar
【答案】D
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.vague模糊的,含糊的B.vogue流行,時(shí)尚n.
C.versatile多才多藝的,多功能的D.vulgar庸俗的,粗俗的
【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。
【解題思路】空格處作定語(yǔ)修飾下文的“woman(女人)”,表示她是一個(gè)什么樣的女人。由“shoutlikethatatthetopofhervoice(高聲喊叫)”可知,這是對(duì)該女人的描述,大喊大叫的人通常是粗俗、不雅的。vulgar指沒(méi)有好的品味或不禮貌的,因此D選項(xiàng)vulgar“庸俗的,粗俗的”最符合題意。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)vague“模糊的,含糊的”指沒(méi)有關(guān)于某事物足夠的信息或細(xì)節(jié),一般不用來(lái)形容人,不能和“woman(女人)”進(jìn)行搭配;
B選項(xiàng)vogue“流行,時(shí)尚”是一個(gè)名詞,指在特定的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)流行的東西,不能用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)修飾“woman(女人)”;
C選項(xiàng)versatile“多才多藝的,多功能的”指某人能做很多不同的事情或某物有許多不同的用途,不能和“shoutlikethatatthetopofhervoice(高聲喊叫)”相對(duì)應(yīng)。
【句意】她是一個(gè)非常粗俗的女人,竟那樣高聲喊叫。
24.單選題
The()younghopefulswerepushedasideinthescrambleforjobs.
問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)
A.respected
B.inexperienced
C.premature
D.distinguished
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在求職競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中,沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)但年輕有志者都被擠掉了。
考查形容詞辨析。Respected受尊敬的;inexperienced無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的,不熟練的;premature早產(chǎn)的,不成熟的;distinguished著名的,高貴的。因此B符合句意。
25.單選題
Davos2013isshapinguptobetheyearwhentheforum'sbankparticipantstrytofadeintothebackgroundandfinallyputthefinancialcrisisbehindthem.Publicpanelsincludeonlytwoorthreedevotedtofinancialservices.Atthemoreproductiveprivatemeetingsatthefringes,bankerssaydiscussionismoreupbeatthanithas-beensincethecrisisbeganhalfadecadeago.Improvingeurozonesentimentandaslowlybrighteningmoodamongbanks'corporateclientsishearteningforbankers.Allthesamenoonecanletgoofthetopicthathasmostvexedthemforyears:ever-increasingregulation.
Onthecoreeurozonediscussion,thetoneisofcautiousoptimism.“Thesystemisslowlycomingbacktolife,”saidoneinvestmentbankboss,pointingtosteadysignsofeurozonerecovery,mostrecentlyevidentinthisweek’sSpanishsovereigndebtauction.“There’sdefinitelyachangeoftone,”addedtheboardmemberofaUSbank.“Ourclientsaredefinitelymoreupbeat.”Aroundthata
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