書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-天津音樂(lè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Itisunfairto（

）fromthesetwoincidentsandsaythatallyoungmenarerecklessdrivers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deduce

B.generalize

C.minimize

D.transfer

【答案】A

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deduce“推論”；generalize“概括，推廣”；minimize“使減到最少；最小化”；transfer“轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)D(zhuǎn)接”。句意：從這兩件事來(lái)推斷是不公平的，說(shuō)所有的年輕人都是莽撞的司機(jī)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

Thatisa______pointofview.Idon’tagreewithyou.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.crystal

B.protein

C.union

D.conservative

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)crystal“水晶”；B選項(xiàng)protein“蛋白質(zhì)的”；C選項(xiàng)union“聯(lián)合”；D選項(xiàng)conservative“保守的”。句意：這觀點(diǎn)很______。我不同意你的看法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，D選項(xiàng)conservative“保守的”搭配pointofview比較合理，意思指這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)非常保守，符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitythatwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassicalandmedievalworlds,whileduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm“reading”undoubtedlymeantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewary,however,ofassumingthatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisadistractiontoothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothehistoricaldevelopmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedincharacter.

Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreaseinliteracy,andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreased,thenumberofpotentiallistenersdeclined,andthustherewassomereductionintheneedtoreadaloud.Readingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommon,socametheflourishingofreadingasaprivateactivityinsuchpublicplaceslikelibraries,railwaycarriagesandoffices,wherereadingaloudwouldcausedistractiontootherreaders.

Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstillconsiderableargumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreatedrespectfully,andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomewaymentallyweakening.Indeedthisargumentremainswithusstillineducation.However,whateveritsvirtueswere,theoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwasreplacedbytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsforaspecializedreadershipontheother.

Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate,ifnotimpossible,fortheoralreader.Thesocial,cultural,andtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatlyalteredwhattheterm“reading”implied.

1.Whywasreadingaloudcommonbeforethenineteenthcentury?

2.Thedevelopmentofsilentreadingduringthenineteenthcenturyindicated（）

3.Educationalistsarestillarguingabout（）

4.Theemergenceofthemassmediaandofspecializedperiodicalsshowedthat（）

5.Whatisthewriter'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Silentreadinghadnotbeendiscovered.

B.Therewerefewplacesavailableforprivatereading.

C.Fewpeoplecouldreadforthemselves.

D.Peoplereliedonreadingforentertainment.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.achangeinthestatusofliteratepeople

B.achangeinthenatureofreading

C.anincreaseinthenumberofbooks

D.anincreaseintheaverageageofreaders

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theimportanceofsilentreading

B.theamountofinformationyieldedbybooksandnewspapers

C.theeffectsofreadingonhealth

D.thevalueofdifferenttypesofreadingmaterial

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.standardsofliteracyhaddeclined

B.printingtechniqueshadimproved

C.readers'interestshaddiversified

D.educationalists'attitudeshadchanged

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Toexplainhowpresent-dayreadinghabitsdeveloped.

B.Tochangepeople'sattitudestowardreading.

C.Toshowhowreadingmethodshaveimproved.

D.Toencouragethegrowthofreading

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的一二句“Thelastcentury...toreadaloud.”隨著人們讀寫(xiě)能力的提升,讀者人數(shù)的増加以及聽(tīng)眾的數(shù)量減少,所以對(duì)大聲朗讀的需求有所減少。由此推斷19世紀(jì)以前是因?yàn)楹苌儆腥四軌蜃约洪喿x,所以大聲朗讀很普遍。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Examinationoffactors...becausethetasksthemselveschangedincharacter.”可知,19世紀(jì)無(wú)聲閱讀的發(fā)展說(shuō)明閱讀的本質(zhì)發(fā)生了改變,選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“therewasstillconsiderable...mentallyweakening.”關(guān)于書(shū)籍是否應(yīng)被用于提供信息或受到尊重,以及諸如報(bào)紙之類(lèi)的閱讀材料是否在某種程度上削弱了人們的精神,仍有相當(dāng)多的爭(zhēng)論。由此推斷,選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“theoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwasreplacedbytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsforaspecializedreadershipontheother.”舊的共享知識(shí)文化已經(jīng)消失,一方面取而代之的是印刷的大眾傳媒,另一方面是專(zhuān)門(mén)的書(shū)籍和期刊閱讀。由此推斷,讀者的興趣越來(lái)越多樣化,所以選C。

5.作者意圖題。全文主要講述reading（閱讀）的變化及發(fā)展,這一發(fā)展變化說(shuō)明讀書(shū)習(xí)慣的形成過(guò)程及原因,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Themarveloustelephoneandtelevisionnetworkthathasnowenmeshedthewholeworld,makingallmenneighbors,cannotbeextendedtospace.Itwillneverbepossibletoconversewithanyoneonanotherplanet.Evenwithtoday’sradioequipment,themessageswilltakeminutes―sometimeshours―ontheirjourney,becauseradioandlightwavestravelatthesamespeedof186,000milesasecond.

TwentyyearsfromnowyouwillbeabletolistentoafriendonMars,butthewordsyouhearwillhavelefthismouthatleastthreeminutesearlier,andyourreplywilltakeacorrespondingtimetoreachhim.Insuchcircumstances,anexchangeofverbalmessageispossible—butnotaconversation.

Toaculturewhichhascometotakeinstantaneouscommunicationforgranted,aspartofverystructureofcivilizedlife,this“timebarrier”mayhaveaprofoundpsychologicalimpact.Itwillbeaperpetualreminderofuniversallawsandlimitationsagainstwhichnotallourtechnologycaneverprevail.Foritseemsascertainasanythingcanbethatnosignal—stilllessanymaterialobject―cannevertravelfasterthanlight.

Thevelocityoflightistheultimatespeedlimit,beingpartoftheverystructureofspaceandtime.Withinthenarrowconfinesofthesolarsystem,itwillnothandicapustooseverely.Attheworst,thesewillamounttotwentyhours―thetimeittakesaradiosignaltospantheorbitofPluto,theouter-mostplanet.

Itiswhenwemoveoutbeyondtheconfinesofthesolarsystemthatwecomefacetofacewithanaltogethernewgroupofcosmicreality.Eventoday,manyotherwiseeducatedmen―likethosesavageswhocancounttothreebutlumptogetherallnumbersbeyondfour—cannotgrasptheprofounddistinctionbetweensolarandstellarspace.Thefirstisthespaceenclosingourneighboringworlds,theplanets,thesecondisthatwhichembracesthosedistantsuns,thestars,anditisliterallymillionsoftimesgreater.Thereisnotsuchabruptchangeofscaleintheterrestrialaffairs.

Manyconservativescientists,shockedbythesecosmicgulfs,havedeniedthattheycaneverbecrossed.Somepeopleneverlearn;thosewhosixtyyearsagolaughedatthepossibilityofflight,andtenyearsagolaughedattheideaoftraveltotheplanets,arenowquitesurethatthestarswillalwaysbeyondourresearch.Andagaintheyarewrong,fortheyhavefailedtograspthegreatlessonofourage—thatifsomethingispossibleintheory,andnofundamentalscientificlawsopposeitsrealization,thensoonerorlateritwillbeachieved.

Onedayweshalldiscoverareallyefficientmeansofpropellingourspacevehicles.Everytechnicaldeviceisalwaysdevelopedtoitslimitandtheultimatespeedforspaceshipsisthevelocityoflight.Theywillneverreachthatgoal,buttheywillgetverynearit.Andtheneareststarwillbelessthanfiveyearsofvoyagingfromtheearth.

1.Forlighttotravelacrossthesolarsystem,itwilltake（）.

2.Thefactthatitwillneverbepossibletoconversewithsomeoneonanotherplanetshowsthat（）.

3.Confrontedwiththenewgroupofcosmicreality,manyeducatedmen（）.

4.Conservativescientistswhodenythatcosmicgulfscaneverbecrossedwill（）.

5.Theauthorofthepassage,readerscaninfer,intendstoshowthe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ayear

B.nearlyaday

C.twomonths

D.thirtyminutes

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.certainuniversallawscannotbeprevailedagainst

B.noobjectcanevertravelfasterthanlight

C.westernculturehasaspecialideaofcommunication

D.radiomessagedonottravelfastenough

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.becomeignorantsavagesagain

B.findthe“timebarrier”unbearable

C.willnotcombinesolarandstellarspace

D.cannotadapttotheabruptchangeofscale

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.laughattheveryideasofflight

B.learnalessonastheydidtenyearsago

C.findspacetravelbeyondtheirreach

D.opposethefundamentalscientificlaws

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.limitationsofourtechnology

B.vastnessofthecosmicreality

C.prospectofplanetarytravel

D.psychologicalimpactoftimeandspace

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第四段中“...thesewillamounttotwentyhours—thetimeittakesaradiosignaltospantheorbitofPluto,theouter-mostplanet.這相當(dāng)于20個(gè)小時(shí)——這是一個(gè)無(wú)線電信號(hào)跨越冥王星軌道所需的時(shí)間，冥王星是最外層的行星。”20小時(shí)幾乎一天，可知B項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“一年”，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“幾乎一天”；C項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)月”，與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“三十分鐘”，與原文不符，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“Itwillneverbepossibletoconversewithanyoneonanotherplanet.Evenwithtoday’sradioequipment,themessageswilltakeminutes—sometimeshours…和另一個(gè)星球上的人交談是不可能的。即使使用今天的無(wú)線電設(shè)備，發(fā)送信息也需要幾分鐘，有時(shí)甚至幾小時(shí)……”與第二段中“Insuchcircumstances,anexchangeofverbalmessageispossible—butnotaconversation.在這種情況下，口頭信息的交換是可能的——但不是對(duì)話(huà)。”可推知D項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“某些普遍的規(guī)律是不能被推翻的”，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有任何物體的速度能超過(guò)光速”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“西方文化有一種特殊的溝通觀念”，與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“無(wú)線電信息傳播不夠快”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第五段中“Eventoday,manyotherwiseeducatedmen—likethosesavageswhocancounttothreebutlumptogetherallnumbersbeyondfour—cannotgrasptheprofounddistinctionbetweensolarandstellarspace…itisliterallymillionsoftimesgreater.Thereisnotsuchabruptchangeofscaleintheterrestrialaffair.即使在今天，許多受過(guò)教育的人——就像那些能數(shù)到三，卻能把四以外的數(shù)字加在一起的野蠻人無(wú)法理解太陽(yáng)和恒星空間的深刻區(qū)別一樣……它實(shí)際上要大幾百萬(wàn)倍。陸地事務(wù)中沒(méi)有這樣突然的規(guī)模變化”，可推知D項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“再次成為無(wú)知的野蠻人”，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)‘時(shí)間障礙’難以忍受”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“將不會(huì)把太陽(yáng)和恒星的空間結(jié)合起來(lái)”，與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“不能適應(yīng)規(guī)模的突變”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第六段中“Somepeopleneverlearn;thosewhosixtyyearsagolaughedatthepossibilityofflight,andtenyearsagolaughedattheideaoftraveltotheplanets,arenowquitesurethatthestarswillalwaysbeyondourresearch.有些人永遠(yuǎn)學(xué)不會(huì)；那些六十年前嘲笑飛行的可能性，十年前嘲笑到行星上旅行的想法的人，現(xiàn)在相當(dāng)肯定地認(rèn)為恒星永遠(yuǎn)超出我們的研究范圍。”可知C項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“嘲笑飛行的想法”，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“像他們十年前那樣吸取教訓(xùn)”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)他們無(wú)法進(jìn)行太空旅行”；D項(xiàng)“反對(duì)基本的科學(xué)規(guī)律”，與原文不符，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章最后一段中“Theywillneverreachthatgoal,buttheywillgetverynearit.他們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo)，但他們會(huì)非常接近這個(gè)目標(biāo)。”這個(gè)表述說(shuō)明了作者對(duì)星際旅行充滿(mǎn)著期望，因此知C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“我們技術(shù)的局限性”，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“浩瀚的宇宙現(xiàn)實(shí)”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“星際旅行的前景”；D項(xiàng)“時(shí)間和空間的心理影響”，與原文不符，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Theterm"remotesensing"referstothetechniquesofmeasurementandinterpretationofphenomenafromadistance.Priortothemid-1960stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheearth'sgeologicfeatures.Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum:therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth'ssurface.Digitalmultispectralimaginghasnowbecomethebasictoolingeologicremotesensingfromsatellites.

Theadvantageofdigitaloverphotographicimagingisevident:theresultingnumericaldataarepreciselyknown,anddigitaldataarenotsubjecttothevagariesofdifficult-to-controlchemicalprocessingwithdigitalprocessing,itispossibletocombinealargenumberofspectralimages.Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfrom,themultispectralscanner(MSS)aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.LandsatMSSdataarenowbeingappliedtoavarietyofgeologicproblemsthataredifficulttosolvebyconventionalmethodsalone.Theseincludespecificproblemsinmineralandenergyresourceexplorationandthechartingofglaciersandshallowseas.

Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.Regionalmapspresentcompositionalstructuralandchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicrevolution.Suchreconstructionshaveimportantpracticalapplicationsbecausetheconditionsunderwhichrockunitsandotherstructuralfeaturesareformedinfluencetheoccurrenceoforeandpetroleumdepositsandaffectthethicknessandintegrityofthegeologicmediainwhichthedepositsarefound.

Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements,butthemapsmustbeinterpretativebecausefieldmeasurementsarealwayslimitedbyrockexposure,accessibilityandlaborresources.Withremote-sensingtechniques,itispossibletoobtainmuchgeologicinformationmoreefficientlythanitcanbeobtainedontheground.Thesetechniquesalsofacilitateoverallinterpretation.Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallareas,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathadintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.However,somecriticalinformationcannotbeobtainedthroughremotesensing,andseveralcharacteristicsoftheLandsatMSSimposelimitationsontheacquisitionofdiagnosticdata.Someoftheselimitationscanbeovercomebydesigningsatellitesystemsespeciallyforgeologicpurposes;buttobemosteffective,remotesensingdatamuststillbecombinedwithdatafromfieldsurveys,laboratorytests,andthetechniquesoftheearliertwentiethcentury.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbemeasuredbytheoptomechanicalscannerbutnotbyvisiblelightphotograph?

2.Landsimagesdifferfromconventionalgeologicmapsinthattheformer（

）.

3.Thepassageprovidesinformationaboutallofthefollowingtopicsexcept（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormentionabout“theconventionalmethods”？

5.Accordingtotheauthor（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theamountofvisiblelightreflectedfromoceans

B.DailytemperaturechangesofareasontheEarth’ssurface.

C.Thedegreeofradioactivityemittedbyexposedrocksontheearth'ssurface.

D.Atmosphericconditionsoverlargelandmasses.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.revealtheexactsizeofpetroleumdepositsandoredeposits

B.indicatethecontinuityoffeaturesthatmightnototherwisebeinterpretedascontinuous

C.predictthemovementsofglaciers

D.providehighlyaccuratedataabouttheoccurrenceofmineraldeposits

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theprinciplemethodofgeologicremotesensingpriortothemid-1960s

B.somephenomenameasuredbydigitalmultispectralimagesinremotesensing

C.someofthepracticalusesofregionalgeologicmaps.

D.problemsthataredifficulttosolvesolelythroughconventionalmethodsofgeologicmapping

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyconsistprimarilyoffieldsurveysandlaboratorymeasurements.

B.Theyarenotusefulinprovidinginformationnecessaryforreconstructinggeologicevolution.

C.Theyhaverarelybeenusedbygeologistssince1972.

D.Theyareusedprimarilytogathercompositionalinformationaboutgeologicfeatures.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.geologicmappingisbasicallyanartandnotascience

B.geologicmappinghasnotchangedsignificantlysincetheearly1960s

C.geologicmappingwillhavelimitedpracticalapplicationsuntilremote-sensingsystemsareperfected

D.adevelopmentalmilestoneingeologicmappingwasreachedin1972

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段：Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.Theseimagesareconstructedbymechanicallyaligningpictorialrepresentationsofsuchphenomenaasthereflectionoflightwavesoutsidethevisiblespectrum,therefractionofradiowaves,andthedailychangesintemperatureinareasontheEarth’ssurface.隨著光機(jī)械掃描儀的發(fā)展，科學(xué)家開(kāi)始利用那些超出可見(jiàn)光攝影術(shù)感知范圍的數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)造數(shù)字化多譜線圖像。這些圖像的建造是通過(guò)用機(jī)械手段對(duì)一些現(xiàn)象的圖像進(jìn)行整理，如可見(jiàn)光譜外光波的反射，無(wú)線電波的折射以及地球表面一些地區(qū)日常溫度的變化。確定B選項(xiàng)’地球表面許多地區(qū)溫度的日間變化‘正確。

2.根據(jù)第四段Sincedetailedgeologicmappingisgenerallyconductedinsmallarea,thecontinuityofregionalfeaturesthathaveintermittentandvariableexpressionsisoftennotrecognized,butinthecomprehensiveviewsofLandsatimagesthesecontinuitiesareapparent.由于詳盡的地質(zhì)繪圖一般在小的范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行，所以那些具有斷斷續(xù)續(xù)和多變量的區(qū)域特征的連續(xù)性就經(jīng)常不能被認(rèn)可，但是Landsat衛(wèi)星的全方位的觀察角度，能將這一連續(xù)性呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。確定B選項(xiàng)’指明特征的連續(xù)性并不能解釋為連續(xù)性‘正確。

3.根據(jù)第一段：Priortothemid-1960'stheinterpretationoffilmimageswastheprimarymeansforremotesensingoftheEarth’sgeologicfeatures.在20世會(huì)己中葉之前，對(duì)膠片的解釋是對(duì)地球地質(zhì)特征進(jìn)行遙感的主要方法。所以A選項(xiàng)‘地質(zhì)遙感的主要方法在20世紀(jì)60年代之前就出現(xiàn)‘符合原文。再根據(jù)第一段Withthedevelopmentoftheoptomechanicalscanner,scientistsbegantoconstructdigitalmultispectralimagesusingdatabeyondthesensitivityrangeofvisiblelightphotography.隨著光機(jī)械掃描儀的發(fā)展，科學(xué)家#始構(gòu)造數(shù)字化多譜線圖像，利用那些超出可見(jiàn)光影敏感范圍的數(shù)據(jù)。確定B選項(xiàng)’出現(xiàn)了在遙感中利用數(shù)字化多譜線圖像進(jìn)行測(cè)量的現(xiàn)象’符合原文。根據(jù)第三段：Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.：區(qū)域地圖向重構(gòu)地質(zhì)進(jìn)化過(guò)程，提供了成分、結(jié)構(gòu)及時(shí)間順序等信息。確定C選項(xiàng)‘一些地區(qū)地質(zhì)圖有實(shí)用性’符合原文。所以排除法D選項(xiàng)‘通過(guò)傳統(tǒng)的地質(zhì)繪圖方法很難解決問(wèn)題’文中未提及，符合題意。

4.根據(jù)第三段：Amorefundamentalapplicationofremotesensingistoaugmentconventionalmethodsforgeologicmappingoflargeareas.遙感更基本的應(yīng)用是增強(qiáng)傳統(tǒng)的大范圍的地質(zhì)繪圖的方法。Regionalmapspresentcompositional,structural,andchronologicalinformationforreconstructinggeologicevolution.區(qū)域地圖向重構(gòu)地質(zhì)進(jìn)化過(guò)程，提供了成分、結(jié)構(gòu)及時(shí)間順序等信息。再根據(jù)第四段：Geologicmapsincorporatealarge,variedbodyofspecificfieldandlaboratorymeasurements…地質(zhì)圖采集了數(shù)量繁多、形形色色的一整套具體的實(shí)地測(cè)量和實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)。推斷出A選項(xiàng)‘它們主要包括實(shí)地考察、實(shí)驗(yàn)室測(cè)量’正確。B選項(xiàng)‘在重構(gòu)地質(zhì)進(jìn)化過(guò)程中，他們沒(méi)有能提供必要的信息’與原文不符。C選項(xiàng)‘自1972年之后，他們很少被地質(zhì)學(xué)家用到。‘1972年是這一技術(shù)發(fā)展的里程碑之年，與原文不符。D選項(xiàng)’它們主要被用來(lái)收集有關(guān)地質(zhì)特征的構(gòu)成信息‘與原文不符。

5.根據(jù)第二段Theacquisitionofthefirstmultispectraldigitaldatasetfromthemultispectralscanner（MSS）aboardthesatelliteLandsatin1972consequentlyattractedtheattentionoftheentiregeologiccommunity.1972年，安裝在Landsat衛(wèi)星上的多譜線掃描儀傳送出來(lái)的首批多譜線的數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)，吸引了整個(gè)地學(xué)界的注意。確定D選項(xiàng)’1972年成為地質(zhì)制圖發(fā)展的里程碑‘正確。

6.單選題

Peopleinnately（）forsuperiorityovertheirpeersalthoughitsometimestakestheformofanexaggeratedlustforpower.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.strive

B.ascertain

C.justify

D.adhere

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。A選項(xiàng)“為……奮斗，爭(zhēng)取……”；B選項(xiàng)“確定，探知”；C選項(xiàng)“證明……是正當(dāng)?shù)摹保籇選項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)持……”，句意為：人們天生（）比同齡人優(yōu)越，盡管有時(shí)表現(xiàn)為夸張的權(quán)力欲。本句表示“人們天生就想爭(zhēng)取比同齡人優(yōu)越”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Chemicalbombscarrychemicalagentssuchasnervegas,orbiologicalweaponssuchasthecontagiousdiseaseanthrax.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.infectious

B.destructive

C.mysterious

D.incurable

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.infectious傳染性的，感染的（尤指通過(guò)呼吸）B.destructive引起破壞（或毀滅）的，破壞（或毀滅）性的

C.mysterious神秘的，不易解釋的D.incurable不能治愈的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】contagious的意思為“（疾病）接觸傳染的”，修飾disease，指的是傳染病，infectious與之詞義相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】化學(xué)炸彈含有神經(jīng)毒氣等化學(xué)物質(zhì)，或炭疽熱傳染病等生物武器。

8.單選題

Thepolicebelievethatthethiefisstillonthe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.premises

B.diversity

C.emission

D.engagement

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。premises“處所”；diversity“多樣性”；emission“散發(fā)”；engagement“訂婚”。句意：警察相信，這個(gè)小偷仍在他的住所。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

____effortsareneededinordertofinishimportantbutunpleasanttasks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Consecutive

B.Condensed

C.Perpetual

D.Persistent

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Consecutive連續(xù)不斷的B.Condensed濃縮的

C.Perpetual長(zhǎng)久的；終身的D.Persistent執(zhí)著的；不屈不撓的；堅(jiān)持不懈的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：為了完成重要但不愉快的任務(wù)，需要……努力。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)不愉快但是重要的任務(wù)，因此需要一種堅(jiān)持的努力。D選項(xiàng)指不顧困難執(zhí)意做某事，在這里符合語(yǔ)境。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)Consecutive“連續(xù)不斷的”，指一個(gè)接一個(gè)，連續(xù)不斷，沒(méi)有中斷。而句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是堅(jiān)持做不愉快但重要的事情，該選項(xiàng)不是最佳選項(xiàng)；

B選項(xiàng)Condensed“濃縮的”，該選項(xiàng)不符合句意；

D選項(xiàng)Perpetual“長(zhǎng)久的；終身的”，該選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】為了完成重要但不愉快的任務(wù)，需要堅(jiān)持不懈的努力。

10.單選題

Theboyhasadmittedto（

）thewindowwhileplayingfootballyesterday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breaking

B.havingbeenbroken

C.break

D.bebreaking

【答案】A

【解析】句意:那個(gè)男孩承認(rèn)在昨天踢足球的時(shí)候打破了窗子。

語(yǔ)法題。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。admitto中的to是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞吋需用-ing形式,排除C，D；并且break是瞬間動(dòng)詞不能用完成時(shí)態(tài)，故答案選項(xiàng)為A。

11.單選題

Tomanypeople,ahusbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily—theyneedchildrentoenrichthecircle,to_______familycharacterandtogathertheredemptiveinfluenceofoffspring.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.repress

B.intimidate

C.validate

D.confine

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“repress”意為“抑制；鎮(zhèn)壓（叛亂等）；約束”；B選項(xiàng)“intimidate”意為“恐嚇，威脅；脅迫”；C選項(xiàng)“validate”意為“驗(yàn)證；確認(rèn)；使生效”；D選項(xiàng)“confine”意為“限制；禁閉；（因疾病、殘疾）無(wú)法離開(kāi)（床、家、輪椅）”。句意：對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，夫妻二人似乎并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)真正的家庭——他們需要孩子來(lái)充實(shí)他們的小圈子，使家庭特征生效，并從后代那里獲得某種救贖的影響。由題干可知，ahusbandandwifealonedonotseemaproperfamily（夫妻二人似乎并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)真正的家庭）夫妻需要孩子才能構(gòu)成完整的家庭，所以家庭特征需要有孩子才能生效。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Theelectronicallydevelopedcountriesare______nothinglessthantheabandonmentofreadingandwritingofwrittenlanguageitself,andinitsplace,therecreationoforalculture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accessing

B.evolving

C.witnessing

D.misleading

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)access“接近，使用，訪問(wèn)”，B項(xiàng)evolve“發(fā)展，進(jìn)化，使逐步形成”，C項(xiàng)witness“目擊，見(jiàn)證，為……作證”，D項(xiàng)mislead“誤導(dǎo)，帶錯(cuò)”。根據(jù)空格后的賓語(yǔ)nothinglessthantheabandonmentofreadingandwritingofwrittenlanguageitself“對(duì)書(shū)面語(yǔ)言本身的閱讀和書(shū)寫(xiě)的完全拋棄”可知，“目睹、見(jiàn)證”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：在電子發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家，人們目睹了對(duì)書(shū)面語(yǔ)言本身的閱讀和書(shū)寫(xiě)的拋棄，取而代之的是口頭文化的再造。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

He（）threehoursinthesnowtogetbackhome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trudged

B.grudged

C.judged

D.fudged

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)trudge“跋涉”；B選項(xiàng)grudge“（因不滿(mǎn)而）不愿意給（或允許）”；C選項(xiàng)judge“判斷；猜測(cè)（大小、數(shù)量等）”；D選項(xiàng)fudge“含糊其辭，模糊處理；回避。句意：他在雪中跋涉三個(gè)鐘頭才回到家。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

14.單選題

Putondarkglassesorthesunwill（

）youandyouwon'tbeabletosee.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discern

B.distort

C.dazzle

D.distract

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。discern意為“識(shí)別，覺(jué)察出，看出”；distort意為“歪曲，扭曲”；dazzle意為“使目眩”；distract意為“使分心”。

句意：戴上墨鏡，否則太陽(yáng)會(huì)讓你眼花，你會(huì)看不見(jiàn)。

15.單選題

Amotionpicturedirectorforovertwentyyears,JohnChampmanstampedhisfilmwith（

）tyleandpersonalconviction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.himself

B.hisown

C.his

D.him

【答案】B

【解析】考查人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞的用法。句意：二十多年來(lái)，電影導(dǎo)演John將他的電影深深烙上了個(gè)人風(fēng)格和個(gè)人信仰的記號(hào)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。hisown“他自己的”。

16.單選題

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Todropherbusinessproposal.

B.Togivemoredetailsaboutherproposal.

C.Toweighlossesandgainsofthebusiness.

D.Tosubmittheproposalbeforethedeadline.

【答案】B

【解析】4.W:Wouldyouliketohearaboutmynewbusinessproposal?I’vebeenthinkingaboutitforalongtime.AndIthinkitcouldbereallyprofitabletostartexportingmedicalthreeD-printerstoChina.

M:ExportingmedicalthreeD-printerstoChina.Ithinkyouneedtoelaborate.

Q:Whatisthewomanaskedtodo?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：女士被要求做什么？由文中“ExportingmedicalthreeD-printerstoChina.Ithinkyouneedtoelaborate.（出口3D醫(yī)療打印技術(shù)到中國(guó)，我想你還需要細(xì)化一下方案）”，可知B選項(xiàng)“Togivemoredetailsaboutherproposal.（要詳細(xì)闡述一下她的建議）”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“不考慮她的商業(yè)建議”；C選項(xiàng)“衡量企業(yè)的損益”；D選項(xiàng)“在截至日期之前提交提案”不符合原文。

17.單選題

Bladderwrack,atough,leatherybrownseaweed,clingstorockstenaciously.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.growsunder

B.hidesunder

C.sticksto

D.yieldsto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)growunder“在……下成長(zhǎng)”，B項(xiàng)hideunder“在……掩蓋之下”，C項(xiàng)stickto“堅(jiān)持，粘住”，D項(xiàng)yieldto“屈服，讓步”。句意：一種堅(jiān)韌的棕色海藻，頑強(qiáng)地附著在巖石上。clingsto在句中表示“附著”。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

18.單選題

Inthiscountryitisagainstthe（）nottowearseatbeltsinacar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rule

B.regulation

C.law

D.order

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)rule“規(guī)則”；B選項(xiàng)regulation“管理，校準(zhǔn)”；C選項(xiàng)law“法律”；D選項(xiàng)order“指示，命令”。句意：在這個(gè)國(guó)家，在汽車(chē)?yán)锊幌蛋踩珟莀____的。這里考查固定搭配againstthelaw“違反法律”，句子表達(dá)的意思是，不系安全帶在這個(gè)國(guó)家是違法的，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Somestudiesconfirmedthatthiskindofeyediseasewas（）intropicalcountries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospective

B.prevalent

C.provocative

D.perpetual

【答案】B

【解析】句意:一些研究證實(shí)這種眼病在熱帶國(guó)家是普遍的。

考查形容詞辨析。prospective未來(lái)的;預(yù)期的;prevalent流行的；普遍的；provocative刺激的，挑撥的；氣人的；perpetual永久的；不斷的。空格處形容詞的主語(yǔ)是eyedisease(眼病)，因此B符合句意。

20.單選題

Itissaidthatthecustomofshakinghandsoriginatedwhenprimitivemenheldoutemptyhandstoindicatethattheyhadno（）weaponsandwerethusamicablydisposed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lethal

B.murderous

C.concealed

D.secret

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。lethal“致命的”；murderous“殺人的；殘忍的”；concealed“隱蔽的”；secret“秘密的”。由heldoutemptyhands“伸出空手”可知是沒(méi)有“隱藏的武器”，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

21.單選題

Onceaducklinghasidentifiedaparent,theinstinctivebondbecomesapowerful（

）foradditionallearningsince,by（

）theparent;theducklingcanacquirefurtherinformationthatisnotgeneticallytransmitted.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impulsesurpassing

B.referent...recognizing

C.inspiration...emulating

D.channel...mimicking

【答案】D

【解析】名詞和動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)的impulse“推動(dòng)，沖動(dòng)，刺激”；surpass“優(yōu)于或超過(guò)某人、某物”；B選項(xiàng)的referent“指示物”；recognize“認(rèn)出，識(shí)別，承認(rèn)”；C選項(xiàng)的inspiration“靈感，鼓舞或激勵(lì)人的人或事物，好主意”；emulate“與…競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，模仿，仿效”；D選項(xiàng)的channel“通道，頻道，海峽”；mimicking“模仿，仿效”根據(jù)句意‘一旦某只小鴨辨認(rèn)出其父母，這種帶有本能性質(zhì)的紐帶便變成一條極有用的進(jìn)行額外學(xué)習(xí)的渠道，因?yàn)橥ㄟ^(guò)模仿其父母，小鴨能進(jìn)一步獲取那些單靠基因遺傳所無(wú)法傳輸給它的信息’可知應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。

22.單選題

Thenutritionofacommon-wealth（）theplenty,anddistributionofmaterialsconducingtolife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistsof

B.consistsin

C.isconsistentwith

D.iscomposedof

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。consistsof“由組成”；consistsin“存在于”；isconsistentwith“與一致”；iscomposedof“由組成”。句意：共同財(cái)富的好處在于有益于生活的物質(zhì)的豐富性和物質(zhì)分配。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

23.單選題

Sheisavery________womantoshoutlikethatatthetopofhervoice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vague

B.vogue

C.versatile

D.vulgar

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.vague模糊的，含糊的B.vogue流行，時(shí)尚n.

C.versatile多才多藝的，多功能的D.vulgar庸俗的，粗俗的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處作定語(yǔ)修飾下文的“woman（女人）”，表示她是一個(gè)什么樣的女人。由“shoutlikethatatthetopofhervoice（高聲喊叫）”可知，這是對(duì)該女人的描述，大喊大叫的人通常是粗俗、不雅的。vulgar指沒(méi)有好的品味或不禮貌的，因此D選項(xiàng)vulgar“庸俗的，粗俗的”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)vague“模糊的，含糊的”指沒(méi)有關(guān)于某事物足夠的信息或細(xì)節(jié)，一般不用來(lái)形容人，不能和“woman（女人）”進(jìn)行搭配；

B選項(xiàng)vogue“流行，時(shí)尚”是一個(gè)名詞，指在特定的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)流行的東西，不能用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)修飾“woman（女人）”；

C選項(xiàng)versatile“多才多藝的，多功能的”指某人能做很多不同的事情或某物有許多不同的用途，不能和“shoutlikethatatthetopofhervoice（高聲喊叫）”相對(duì)應(yīng)。

【句意】她是一個(gè)非常粗俗的女人，竟那樣高聲喊叫。

24.單選題

The（）younghopefulswerepushedasideinthescrambleforjobs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.respected

B.inexperienced

C.premature

D.distinguished

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在求職競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中,沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)但年輕有志者都被擠掉了。

考查形容詞辨析。Respected受尊敬的;inexperienced無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的,不熟練的;premature早產(chǎn)的,不成熟的;distinguished著名的,高貴的。因此B符合句意。

25.單選題

Davos2013isshapinguptobetheyearwhentheforum'sbankparticipantstrytofadeintothebackgroundandfinallyputthefinancialcrisisbehindthem.Publicpanelsincludeonlytwoorthreedevotedtofinancialservices.Atthemoreproductiveprivatemeetingsatthefringes,bankerssaydiscussionismoreupbeatthanithas-beensincethecrisisbeganhalfadecadeago.Improvingeurozonesentimentandaslowlybrighteningmoodamongbanks'corporateclientsishearteningforbankers.Allthesamenoonecanletgoofthetopicthathasmostvexedthemforyears:ever-increasingregulation.

Onthecoreeurozonediscussion,thetoneisofcautiousoptimism.“Thesystemisslowlycomingbacktolife,”saidoneinvestmentbankboss,pointingtosteadysignsofeurozonerecovery,mostrecentlyevidentinthisweek’sSpanishsovereigndebtauction.“There’sdefinitelyachangeoftone,”addedtheboardmemberofaUSbank.“Ourclientsaredefinitelymoreupbeat.”Aroundthata