2022考研英語一真題及答案解輔導機構TheethicaljudgmentsoftheSupremeCourtoftheruleoflaw_2_justicesbehavelikepoliticalevents.Thatkindofactivitymakesitasimpartialjudgments.Partoftheproblemisthecodeofconductthat_7_totherestofthefederaljudiciary.politics._10_havingauthorityapartfrompolitics.They2第頁共58頁輔導機構llawapartfromConstitutionallawispoliticalbecauseitresultswithsocialpolicydecisions,thelawit_16_isunjust.likelytobeseenasseparatefrompoliticsand,[A]emphasize[B]maintain[C]mo3第頁共58頁輔導機構4第頁共58頁輔導機構y[A]lineilarity[A]by[A]confirmuarded[B]barrier[D]conflicttowardshough[D]offerfollowed[D]tied5第頁共58頁sim[C]thou[C]pro[C]cultu輔導機構[A]concepts[B]theories[C]dis[D]controls[D]distorted[B]exploitgnore[C]rad20.[A]byallmesns[B]atallComeon–Everybody’sdoingit.Thatwhisperedmessage,halfinvitationandhalfforcing,iswhatmostofusthinkofwhenwe6第頁共58頁輔導機構nogood-drinking,drugsandcasualsex.ButinhernewbookJointheClub,TinaRosenbergcontendsthatpeerpressurecanalsobeapositiveforcethroughwhatshecallsthesocialpowerofgroupdynamicstohelpindividualsoffersahostofexampleofthesocialcureinantismokingprogramcalledRageAgainsttheSouthAfrica,anHIV-preventioninitiativetoperceptiveobserver.Hercritiqueofthespot-on:theyfailtomobilizepeerpressurefor7第頁共58頁輔導機構gtotakeapagefromadvertisers,soskilledatenoughexplorationofthesocialandbiologicalLoveLifeprogramproduceslastingchangesisandmixedThere’snodoubtthatourpeergroupsexertenormousinfluenceonourbehavior.Anemergingbodyofresearchshowsthatpositive8第頁共58頁輔導機構throughnetworksoffriendsviasocialcommunication.Thisisasubtleformofpeerrgroupsandsteertheiractivitiesinvirtuousthetroublemakersinthebackrowbypairingrealworld,asinschool,weinsistonchoosings21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,peer9第頁共58頁輔導機構24.Paragraph5showsthatourimitationof[A]isharmfultoournetworksoffriendss[C]occurswithoutourrealizingit輔導機構25.Theauthorsuggestsinthelastparagraph[A]harmful[B]desirable[C]profound[D]Adealisadealexceptapparently,whenEntergyisinvolved.Thecompany,amajorenergysupplierinNewEngland,provokedjustifiedoutrageinVermontlastweekwhenitannounceditwasrenegingonalongstandingcommitmenttoabidebythestrictnuclearlationshadlongpromiseditwouldnotchallengetheconstitutionalityofVermont’srulesinthefederalcourt,aspartofadesperateefforttokeepitsVermontYankeenuclearpowerplant輔導機構powerplant,anagingreactorinVernon.Asastateregulatorstooperatepast2022.In2022,extensionoftheplant’slicensebesubjecttoEitherEntergyneverreallyintendedtolivebyEnragedbyEntergy’sbehavior,theVermontSenatevoted26to4lastyearagainstallowing輔導機構2022agreementisinvalidbecauseofthe2022hasregulatorypowerovernuclearissues.TheSupremeCourthasruledthatstatesdohavesomeregulatoryauthorityovernuclearpower,precedent-settingtestofhowfarthosepowersthepatchworkregulationsthatcouldresultifeverystatesetsitsownrules.ButhadEntergykeptitsword,thatdebatewouldbebesidethepoint.reputationinVermontisalreadysodamagedthatithasnotinglefttolosebygoingtowarPermissiontorunanuclearplantisapoblictrust.Entergyruns11otherreactorsinthe輔導機構companyhasappliedforfederalpermissiontokeepitopenforanother20years.Butasthethecompany’sapplication,itshouldkeepit[A]condemning.[B]reaffirming.[C][A]obtainprotectionfromVermontregulators.輔導機構[A]managerialpractices.[B]technical[B]thematureofstates’patchwork[D]thelimitsofstates’powerovernuclear30.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat[C]EntergywillwithdrawitsPlymouthapplication.d輔導機構Intheidealizedversionofhowscienceisdone,factsabouttheworldarewaitingtobework.Butintheeverydaypracticeofscience,discoveryfrequentlyfollowsanambiguousandcomplicatedroute.Weaimtobeobjective,butexperience.Priorknowledgeandinterestnswetake.Opportunitiesformisinterpretation,transformadiscoveryclaimintoamaturediscovery.Thisisthecredibilityprocess,輔導機構controlofwhathappensnext.Withinthecomplexsocialstructureofthescientificcontrollingthepublicationprocess;otherscientistsusethenewfindingtosuittheirownpurposes;andfinally,thepublic(includingtheinteractionandconfrontationbetweenandthetechnologyinvolvedtransformsanindividual’sdiscoveryclaimintothe輔導機構Twoparadoxesexistthroughoutthiscredibilityprocess.First,scientificworktendstofocusoncationandconfirmationofnew-search,notre-search.Notsurprisingly,newlypublisheddiscoveryclaimsandcredibleandpotentialmodificationorrefutationbyfutureprovokesdisbelief.NobelLaureateandphysiologistAlbertAzent-Gyorgyioncehinkingwhatnobodyelsehasthoughtandtellingotherswhattheyhaveyearsarerequiredfortrulynoveldiscovery輔導機構31.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,the[A]uncertaintyandcomplexity.[C]logicalityandobjectivity.32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that[A]strictinspection.efforts.[C]individualwisdom.innovation.33.Paragraph3showsthatadiscoveryclaim輔導機構[A]munity.[C]hasreceivedrecognitionfromeditorsand34.AlbertSzent-Gy?rgyiwouldmostlikelyd[D]scientificworkcallsforacriticalmind.35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebest[A]NoveltyasanEngineofScientific[D]ChallengetoCredibilityattheGateto輔導機構IfthetradeunionistJimmyHoffawerealiveworkersbelongedtoaunion;now36%do.InenumberofunionistsinAmericaspublicsectorpassedthatoftheirfellowthanhalfofpublic-sectorworkersbutonlyTherearethreereasonsforthepublic-sectorunions’thriving.First,theycanshutthingsdownwithoutsufferingmuchinthewayofandwell-educated.AquarterofAmerica’ss輔導機構associatedwithtradeunionism.Itscurrentleader,EdMiliband,oweshispositiontovotessAtthestateleveltheirinfluencecanbeevenmorefearsome.MarkBaldassareofthePublicPolicyInstituteofCaliforniapointsoutthatmuchofthestate’sbudgetispatrolledbyInmanyrichcountriesaveragewagesinthestatesectorarehigherthanintheprivateone.Buttherealgainscomeinbenefitsandworkpractices.PoliticianshaverepeatedlyReformhasbeenvigorouslyopposed,perhapsiesandmeritpayallfaced輔導機構drawn-outbattles.Eventhoughthereisplentyfoughtagainstgettingridofbadonesandpoliticianshavebeguntoclampdown.InalliedthousandsofsupportersagainstScottWalker,thehardlineRepublicangovernor.Butmanywithinthepublicsectorsufferunderthecurrentsystem,JohnDonahueatHarvard’sKennedySchoolisbadforhighachievers.TheonlyAmericanpublic-sectorworkerswhoearnwellabove$250,000ayearareuniversitysportscoachesfatpaypacketshaveattractedmuchcriticism,輔導機構highachieversmaybeamuchbiggerproblemforAmerica.36.Itcanbelearnedfromthefirstparagraphthat[C]unionshaveenlargedtheirpublic-sectorwithunionists.[A]Public-sectorunionsareprudentintaking[B]Educationisrequiredforpublic-sector[C]LaborPartyhaslongbeenfightingagainste輔導機構fortheiractions.[A]illegallysecured.[B]indirectly[C]excessivelyincreased.[D]fairly[A]oftenrunagainstthecurrentpolitical40.JohnDonahue’sattitudetowardsthe[A]disapproval.[B]appreciation.[C]tolerance.[D]輔導機構areflying,higherthanabird.Nowthinkofyourlfofthethcenturysawacollectionofgeniuses,warriors,entrepreneursandvisionarieslabourtocreateafabulousprintingpress,studioandtheatre,paintbrushrierofproduction,meansofdistribution,siteofcallitasecretwarfortworeasons.First,most輔導機構peopledonotrealisethattherearestrongcommercialagendasatworktokeeptheminofpeoplewhousenetworkedcomputerstoAllanimalsdownload,butonlyafewupload.Beaversbuilddamsandbirdsmakenests.Yetforthemostpart,theanimalkingdommovesthroughtheworlddownloading.Humansareuniqueintheircapacitytonotonlymaketoolsbutthenturnaroundandusethemtocreatesuperfluousmaterialgoods-paintings,experiences-music,literature,religionandForallthepossibilitiesofournewculturemachines,mostpeoplearestillstuckindownloadmode.Evenaftertheadventofproductionremains,withasmallnumberof輔導機構peopleuploadingmaterial,aslightlylargerTelevisionisaone-waytapflowingintoourtaskthattelevisionasksofanyoneistoturnthepoweroffafterhehasturnediton.Whatcountsasmeaningfuluploading?Mydefinitionrevolvesaroundtheconceptof"stickiness"-creationsandexperiencesto[A]Ofcourse,itispreciselythesesuperfluouswhatitistobehuman.Downloadingandconsumingculturerequiresgreatskills,butfailingtomovebeyonddownloadingistostrip[B]A,whichallow輔導機構userstocombinepictures,wordsandothermediaincreativewaysandthensharethem,bytheturnofthemillenniumtheyhadalsouploading-betweenpassiveconsumptionandactivecreation-whoseoutcomewillshapeourcollectivefutureinwayswecanonlybeginto[E]Thechallengethecomputermountstotelevisionthusbearslittlesimilaritytoone[F]Onereasonforthepersistenceofthispyramidofproductionisthatforthepast輔導機構[G]Thenetworkedcomputeroffersthefirstchancein50yearstoreversetheflow,tomoreimportantlymeaningfuluploading.PartCSincethedaysofAristotle,asearchforuniversalprincipleshascharacterizedthemotionandDarwinianevolutioneachbindahostofdifferentphenomenaintoasingleexplicatoryframework.輔導機構ThistendencyinthenaturalscienceshaslongDarwinismseemstoofferjustificationforitallhumanssharecommonoriginsitseemsbeginnings.Justasthebewilderingvarietyofvenhistoryaregovernedbyuniversalfeatures.