ModelTest1I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)( )Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalledlinguistics.A.particular B.generalC.ordinary D.generative( )canbesimplydefinedasthespeechsoundsweusewhenspeakingalanguage.A.Phones B.SoundsC.Phonemes D.Speechsounds( )Thetwoclausesinasentencearestructurallyequalpartsofthesentence.A.simple B.completeC.complex D.coordinate( )Whatisactuallyinternalizedinthemindofanativespeakerisasystemofgrammaticalknowledge.A.phrase B. sentenceC.rule D.symbol( )uIlikethisshirtverymuch."hasarguments.A.one B.twoC.three D.four( )Ifasentenceisregardedaswhatpeopleactuallyutterinthecourseofcommunication,itbecomes.A.asentence B. anactC.aunit D. anutterance( )involvesareversalinpositionoftwoadjoiningsoundsegments.A.Apocope B. EpenthesisC.Metathesis D. Assimilation( )Thegoalofistoexplorethenatureoflanguagevariationandlanguageuseamongavarietyofspeechcommunitiesandindifferentsocialsituations.A.psycholinguistics B.sociolinguisticsC.historicallinguistics D.generallinguistics( )For,thinkingwasasystemofmovementsthathadbeenreducedfromactualspeechtothepointwheretheywerenolongervisible.A.Watson B.PlatoC.Aristotle D.Bloomfield( )ThemeaningofawordorphrasedependslargelyonthecommunicativeA.content B.contextC.response D.answerDirections:Fillintheblanksineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)Languageisasystemconsistingoftwosofstructures,ortwolevels.Englishisanilanguage.Theaffixesoccurringatthebeginningofawordarecalledp.Wordsandphrasesareorganizedaccordingtothesyntacticc.Pstructurerulesallowustobetterunderstandhowwordsandphrasesformsentences,andsoon.Pcanbedefinedasthestudyofhowspeakersofalanguageusesentencestoeffectsuccessfulcommunication.Mostoftheviolationsofthefourmaximsgiverisetocimplicatures.Manylanguageshavesetsoflexicalitemssimilarinmeaningbutrankeddifferentlyaccordingtotheirdegreeoff.Thebrainisdividedintotworoughlysymmetricalhalves,calledh,oneontherightandoneontheleft.Whenwelisten,thewordisheardandcomprehendedviaWarea.III.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%X10=20%)()Inlinguistics,asinanyotherdiscipline,dataandtheorystandinadialecticalcomplementation.( ) Modernlinguisticsismostlydescriptive,butsometimesprescriptive.( ) Distinctivefeaturesarethesametoanylanguage.( ) Oneoftheclausesinacoordinatesentenceissubordinatetotheother.( ) InEnglishandmanyotherlanguages,thesubjectusuallyfollowstheverbandthedirectobjectusuallyprecedestheverb.( ) SpeechacttheorywasproposedbytheBritishphilosopherJohnAustininthelate1950s.( ) Themostvigorousandongoingchangeinthehistoricaldevelopmentofalanguageisthechangeinitsvocabulary.( )Acreolelanguageisoriginallyapidginthathasbecomeestablishedasanativelanguageinsomespeechcommunity.( )Aristotlesuggestedthatthoughtwasthesoul'sdiscoursewithitself..( )SLAstandsforsecondlanguageacquisition.IV.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.(3%X10=30%)designfeaturesfreemorphemesynonymyslangMoveasemanticshiftspeechcommunitycerebralcortexovertthoughtV.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%X2=20%)Whyisproductivityuniquetolanguage?HowisSaussure'sdistinctionbetweenlangueandparolesimilartoChomsky'sdistinstionbetweencompetenceandperformance?ModelTest2I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)( )Avowelisonethatisproducedwiththefrontpartofthetonguemaintainingthehighestposition.A.back B.centralC.front D.middle( ) Theopen,back andlong vowelis.A.[i:] B.[□:]C.[a：] D.[u：]( )Anembeddedclausefunctionsasaunitinitsmatrixclause.A.structural B. grammaticalC.lexical D.linear( ) Phrasestructurerules haveproperties.A.recursive B. grammaticalC.double D.many( )Dialectalsynonymsaresynonymsusedindifferentdialects.A.personal B.regionalC.social D. professional( )resultedmainlyfromtheexpansionofthestudyoflinguistics,especiallythatofsemantics.A.Pragmatics B.PragmatismC.Phonology D.Practicalism( )Languagechangeisuniversal,continuousand,toaconsiderableextent.A.regularbutnot systematic B.irregularand systematicC.regularandsystematic D.irregularbut systematic( )Todate,aboutlanguagefamilieshavebeendocumentedinhistoricallinguisticliterature.A.thirty B.fortyC.fifty D.sixty( )Languagedisorderresultingfromadamagetoareainthebrainrevealswordfindingdifficultiesandproblemswithsyntax.A.Wernicke's B.Broca*sC.Gage's D.Genie's( )Thedevelopmentoflinguisticskillsinvolvestheacquisitionofrulesratherthanthemerememorizationofwordsandsentences.A.morphological B.grammaticalC.linguistic D.syntacticDirections:Fillintheblanksineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)IPAstandsforInternationalPhoneticA.Thephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegmentsarecalledsfeatures.Semantically,themeaningofacisoftenidiomatic,notalwaysbeingthesumtotalofthemeaningsofitscomponents.Phrasestructurerules,withtheinsertionofthe1,generatesentencesatthelevelofDstructure.Insemanticanalysis,pistheabstractionofthemeaningofasentence.Linguisticformshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentrindifferentsituations.Cisaprocessofcombiningtwoormorewordsintoonelexicalunit.Pstudieslanguageinrelationtothemind.Researchhasshownthatdifferentaspectsoflanguageprocessingappeartobemorecharacteristicofthe1hemispherethantheother.Thedevelopmentofafirstornativelanguageiscalledfirstlanguagea.HI.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%X10=20%)( )Thewritingsystemofanylanguageisalwaysalaterinvention,usedtorecordthespeech.( )Bothphonologyandphoneticsarestudiesofspeechsounds.( )Therootofawordisthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.( )Somelanguageshavewaysofreferringtosomeentity,somelanguagesdon't.( )Referenceistheaspectofmeaningdictionarycompilersareinterestedin.( )Alocutionaryactistheactofconveyingliteralmeaningbymeansofsyntax,lexicon,andphonology.( )Historicallinguisticsstudieslanguagechange.( )SAEstandsforStandardAmericanEnglish.( )Thelanguagesystemprovidesallspecificsofone'sworldview.( )Alargeproportionofgrammaticalerrorsinsecondlanguageacquisitioncanbeexplainedbymothertongueinterference.IV.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.(3%X10=30%)narrowtranscriptionsimplesentencehyponymycompoundingmorphemereferencecontextcreolesubvocalspeechV.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%X2=20%)Whatarethemajorbranchesoflinguistics?Whatdoeseachofthemstudy?Whyissyntaxregardedasasystemofrules?ModelTest3I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)( )Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedontheinvestigationoflanguagedata.A.symbolic B.systemicC.systematic D.system( )aresometimescalled“semivowels”.A.vowels B. fricativeC.glides D. nasals( )isatypicaltonelanguage.A.English B. ChineseC.French D. AmericanEnglish( )Asentenceisconsideredwhenitconformstothegrammaticalknowledgeinthemindofnativespeakers.A.right B.wrongC.grammatical D.ungrammatical( )Thenumberofthelexicalitemsintheminorlexicalcategoriesisandnonewmembersareallowedfor.A.large B.smallC.limitless D.fixed( )Intheclassicsemantictriangle,thesymbolorformreferstothelinguisticelements,ie,A.thingsandreferent B.thoughtandreferenceC.viewsandideas D.words,phrases( )Alltheutterancesthatcanbemadetoservethesamepurposemayvaryintheir form.A.syntactic B.semanticC.grammatical D.pragmatic( )Thereisagradationofrangingalongacontinuumbetweentwoextremesofveryformalandveryinformal.A.dialect B.registerC.variation D.slang( )Humanbeingsaretheonlyspeciesthatlearnsandacquireslanguageexplicitinstruction.A.with B.withoutC.within D.through( )Intheirfirstlanguageacquisition,childrendevelopedintothestageafterthetwowordstage.A.third B.fourthC.fifth D.multiwordDirections:Fillintheblanksineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)Humancapacityforlanguagehasagbasis,butthedetailsoflanguagehavetobetaughtandlearned.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobed.Pisinterestedinthesystemofsoundsofaparticularlanguage.Fmorphemesareindependentunitsofmeaningandcanbeusedfreelyallbythemselves.Inatreediagram,thepointsatwhichthetreebranchesatvariouslevelsarecalledbnodes.Accordingtothentheoryofmeaning,thewordsinalanguagearetakentobelabelsoftheobjectstheystandfor.Bisaprocessofforminganewwordbycombiningpartsofotherwords.Thedeletionofaword-finalvowelsegmentiscalleda.AtragedyoccurredtoPhineasGaboutonehundredandfiftyyearsago.Children'slanguagedevelopmentstartsfromthepcooingandbabblingstage.III.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%X10=20%)( )Languageisasocialactivitycarriedoutinacertainsocialenvironmentbyhumanbeings.( )Asynchronicstudyoflanguageisahistoricalstudy.( )Thestructureofwordsisnotgovernedbyrules.( )Itisbelievedthatphrasestructurerules,withtheinsertionofthelexicon,generatesentencesatthelevelofS-structure.( )Completesynonymsarerareinlanguage.( )TherearefourmaximsundertheCooperativePrinciple.( )Epenthesisisachangethatinvolvestheinsertionofaconsonantoravowelsoundtothemiddleofaword.( )Whenpeopleofacommunityspeaktwodifferentregionalornationaldialectsfordifferentpurposes,diglossiaandbilingualismemerge.( )Wernicke'sworkstrengthenedBroca'sclaimthatlefthemisphericstructuresareessentialforspeech.( )Languageacquisitionisconcernedwithlanguagedevelopmentinhumans.IV.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.(3%X10=30%)broadtranscriptionboundmorphemeperlocutionaryactfossilizationdualitysenseback-formationlanguageplanningacquisitionV.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%X2=20%)Whatmakesmodernlinguisticsdifferentfromtraditionalgrammer?Whatisafreemorpheme?Whatisaboundmorpheme?Andhowaretheydifferentfromeachother?ModelTest4I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)( )AccordingtoF.deSaussure,referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.A.parole B.performanceC.langue D.language( )Acousticphoneticianstrytodescribethepropertiesofthestreamofsoundswhichaspeakerissues.A.oral B.mentalC.physical D.recorded( )NaturallanguagesareviewedtovaryaccordingtosetonUGprinciplestoparticularvalues.A.principles B.rulesC.parameters D.theories.( )Inthefollowingfourchoices,isapairofhomophone.A.sightandsite B. lead(n.)andlead(v.)C.wind(n.)andwind(v.) D. blueandblown( )Senseandreferencearetworelateddifferentaspectsofmeaning.A.but B. andC.or D. aswellas( )Thesuperordinatetermofthegroupofwords“love,anger,happiness,sadness,fear,emotion"is.A.fear B.angerC.love D.emotion( )“IbegyounottosayanythinglikethattoMary."isa.A.representative B.directiveC.commissive D.declaration( )Semanticisaprocessinwhichawordlosesitsformermeaningandrequiresanew,sometimesrelated,meaning.A.broadening B.shiftC.narrowing D.change( )Aisavarietyoflanguagethatservesasamediumofcommunicationamonggroupsofpeoplefordiverselinguisticbackgrounds.A.linguafranca B.pidginC.creole D.nationallanguage( )Linguisticisthebrain*sneurologicalspecializationforlanguage.A.determinism B.relativismC.competence D.lateralizationDirections:Fillintheblanksineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)AnEnglishspeakerandChinesespeakerarebothabletousealanguage,buttheyarenotmutuallyintelligible.Thisisacaseofctransmission.Cdistributionmeansthattheallophonesofthesamephonemealwaysoccurindifferentphoneticenvironments.Affixeslike“im-"，"il-"，"un-","-tion“，“-or”，"-hood”,arecalleddaffixes.Thetwoclausesinacomplexsentenceholdunequalstatus,onestheother.Componentialanalysisisbasedonthebeliefthatthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponentscalledsfeatures.Thevariousmeaningsofapwordarerelatedtosomedegree.MEnglishbeganwiththearrivaloftheNormanFrenchinvadersinEnglandin1066.Cmaytakeplaceinaconversationwhenonespeakerusesonelanguageandtheotherspeakeranswersinadifferentlanguage.Forthevastmajorityofchildren,languagedevelopmentoccursspontaneouslyandrequireslittleconsciousionthepartofadults.Thepreschoolyearsareacperiodforfirstlanguageacquisition.ID.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%X10=20%)( )Languageisvocalbecausetheprimarymediumissoundforalllanguages.( )Phonologyisdefinedasthestudyofthephonicmediumoflanguage;itisconcernedwithallthesoundsthatoccurintheworld'slanguages.( )Dependingonthecontextinwhichstressisconsidered,therearetwokindsofstress:wordstressandsentencestress.( )WHmovementisobligatoryinEnglishwhichchangesasentencefromaffirmativetointerrogative.( )Thesuperordinatetermismoregeneralinmeaningthanitshyponyms.( )Semanticshiftisthesameassemanticchange.( )Fromasociolinguisticperspective,aspeechvarietyisnomorethanadialectalvarietyofalanguage.( )Psycholinguisticsisviewedastheintersectionofpsychologyandlinguistics.( )AccordingtotheBehavioristlearningtheory,achild'sverbalbehaviorwasconditionedthroughassociationbetweenastimulusandthefollowingresponse.( )Languageacquisitionandlanguagelearningarebelievedtorefertothesameprocess.IV.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.(3%X10=30%)phonemeantonymyblendingtaboophonologytonespeechvarietydiglossianegativetransferV.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%X2=20%)Whatdolangueandparolemeanrespectively?WhyisthewordorderinModernEnglishmorerigidthanthatinOldEnglish?ModelTest5I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)( )isconcernedwithallthesoundsthatoccurintheworld'slanguages.A.Phonology B.PhoneticsC.Morphology D.Phonemics( )transcriptionisreallythetranscriptionrequiredandusedbythephoneticiansintheirstudyofspeechsounds.A.Broad B.DetailedC.Wide D.Narrow( )Atheoryofgrammarmustprovideacompletecharacterizationoflinguisticthatspeakersimplicitlyconsiderwell-formed,orgrammaticalsequences.A.speeches B.utterancesC.events D.sentences( )Semanticscanbedefinedasthestudyof.A.naming B. meaningC.communication D.context( )acttheoryisanimportanttheoryinthepragmaticstudyoflanguage.A.Speaking B.SpeechC.Sound D.Spoken( )Theword“motel“isformedviawordformationruleof.A.clipping B. blendingC.acronym D. coinage( )involvesareversalinpositionoftwoadjoiningsoundsegments.A.Apocope B. EpenthesisC.Metathesis D. Assimilation( )Thereisagradationofrangingalongacontinuumbetweentwoextremesofveryformalandveryinformal.A.dialect B.registerC.variation D.slang( )Ingeneral,thetwo-wordstagebeginsroughlyinthehalfofthechild'ssecondyear.A.early B.lateC.first D.second10.()Atthestagenegationissimplyexpressedbysinglewordswithnegativemeaning.A.prelinguistic B.multiwordC.twoword D.onewordII.Directions:Fillintheblanksineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)Modernlinguisticsgivesprioritytothesformoflanguage.Thephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegmentsarecalledsfeatures.Arcanneverstandbyitselfalthoughitbearsclear,definitemeaning.Pstructurerulesallowustobetterunderstandhowwordsandphrasesformsentences,andsoon.Canalysisisbaseduponthebeliefthatthemeaningofawordcanbedividedintomeaningcomponents.Themeaningofanuisconcreteandcontextdependent.TheILanguagefamilyisthefirstandmostwidelyinvestigatedlanguagefamilyoftheworld.Aeisamild,indirectorlessoffensivewordorexpressionsubstitutedwhenthespeakerorwriterfearsmoredirect,oroffensivewordingmightbeharsh,unpleasantlydirect,oroffensive.Sisacasualuseoflanguagethatconsistsofexpressivebutnonstandardvocabulary,typicallyofarbitrary,flashyandoftenephemeralcoinagesandfiguresofspeechcharacterizedbyspontaneityandsometimesbyraciness.Thereareoccasionswhenonecanthinkwithout1,justasonemayspeakwithoutthinking.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%X10=20%)( )Morphologyandsyntaxstudythesameaspectoflanguage.( )Stressisarelativenotion;onlywordswithtwoormoresyllablescanbesaidtohavewordstress,andmonosyllabicwordscannotbesaidtohavewordstress.( )Freemorphemesarethesameasboundmorphemes.( )InEnglishandmanyotherlanguages,thesubjectusuallyfollowstheverbandthedirectobjectusuallyprecedestheverb.( )Thecontextualviewisoftenconsideredastheinitialefforttostudymeaninginapragmaticsense.( )Languagechangeisdifferentfromthechangeinthegrammar.( )Anacronymisashortenedformofawordorphrasewhichrepresentsthecompleteform.( )BritishEnglishandAmericanEnglisharethetwogeographicalvarietiesoftheEnglishlanguage.( )Researchfindingshaveshownthatlanguageprocessingcentersaresituatedinasingleareaofthelefthemisphere.( )Somelanguagesaremorechallengingtoacquireasanativelanguage.IV.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.(3%X10=30%)allophonecoordinatesentencederivationinterferencearbitrarinessapocopehapologybrainlateralizationinstrumentalmotivationV.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%X2=20%)Whatcharacteristicsoflanguagedoyouthinkshouldbeincludedinagood,comprehensivedefinitionoflanguage?Whataresuprasegmentalfeatures?HowdothemajorsuprasegmentalfeaturesofEnglishfunctioninconveyingmeaning?ModelTest6I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)( )Ifalinguisticstudyaimstolaydownrulesfor“correct"behavior,i.e.,totellpeoplewhattheyshouldsayandwhattheyshouldnotsay,itissaidtobe.A.productive B.arbitraryC.prescriptive D.creative( ),thestressofacompoundalwaysfallsonthefirstelement,whilethesecondelementreceivessecondarystress.A.Orthographically B.PhoneticallyC.Semantically D.Syntactically( )isasubfieldoflinguisticsthatstudiesthesentencestructureoflanguage.A.Morphology B.SyntaxC.Lexicology D.Coordination( )InAustin*sspeechacttheory,a(n)actistheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething,inotherwords,theconsequenceof,orthechangebroughtaboutbytheutterance.A.speech B.illocutionaryC.perlocutionary D.locutionary( )isakindofabbreviationofotherwiselongerwordsorphrases.A.Abbreviation B.AcronymC.Clipping D.Blending( )Languagedisorderresultingfromadamagetointhebrainrevealswordfindingdifficultiesandproblemswithsyntax.A.Benton'sarea B.Wernicke'sareaC.theangulargyrus D.Broca'sarea( )Incontrastwithlearning,referstothegradualandsubconsciousdevelopmentofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyindailycommunicativesituations.A.interference B.instructionC.acquisition D.correction( )ThosethataffectthesyntacticcategoryandthemeaningoftherootaswellareA.stems B.affixesC.suffixes D.prefixes.( )IfthemeaningofsentenceXisincludedinthatofsentenceY,wesaysentenceX sentenceY.A.issynonymouswith B.isinconsistentwithC.entails D.presupposes( )Wherethetargetlanguagefunctionsasaforeignlanguageaslearnedinsuchalimitedenvironmentasinschool,thelearnerislikelytobenefitfromanmotivation.A.instrumental B.functionalC.social D.integrativeDirections:Fillintheblanksineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)Languageispinthatitmakespossibletheconstructionandinterpretationofnewsignalsbyitsusers.Poccuratthebeginningofawordandsuffixesattheend.Sisaphenomenoninsemantics,referringtothesamenessorclosesimilarityofmeaning.Historicallinguistsareconcernedwiththehistoricaldoflanguagesandtheprocessesinvolvedinlanguagechange.Pisthestudyoflanguageinrelationtothemind.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthesstudyoflanguage.Onewayoutofthecommunicationdilemmaislanguagesknownaslanguageplanning.Dmeansthatlanguagecanbeusedtorefertothingswhichpresentornotpresent,realorimaginedmattersinthepast,present,orfuture,orinfarawayplaces.ThesequentialorderofwordsinasentencesuggeststhatthestructureofasentenceisThemruleofadjectiveagreementhasbeenlostfromEnglish.HI.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%X10=20%)( )Theultimateobjectiveoflanguageistocreategrammaticallywellformedsentences.( )Suffixes,incontrastwithprefixes,areaddedtotheendofstems.( )Thesemantictriangletheoryavoidsalloftheproblemsthenamingtheoryhasencountered,andthereforeisthebestapproachtothestudyofmeaning.( )Soundassimilationreferstothephysiologicaleffectofonesoundonanother.( )Therightearadvantageshowsthattherightearismoresensitivetosignals,bothlinguisticandnon-linguistic,thantheleftear.( )Itisthepropertyofarbitrarinessthatprovidesspeakerswithanopportunitytotalkaboutawiderangeofthings,freefrombarrierscausedbyseparationintimeandplace.( )Themaximofrelationrequiresthatwhatthespeakersaysshouldberelevantwiththecurrenttopicoftheexchange.( )Whenlanguageusersuseittoconveyinformation,thoughtsandfeelingsfromonepersontoanotherorasanattempttocontroleachother'sbehavior,wethinkthatlanguageisnowfunctioningasameansofintrapersonalcommunication.( )Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguistthinks.( )Phrasestructurerulesarerewriterules.IV.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.(3%X10=30%).competencephoneticsmorphologycomplexsentencerelationaloppositesphoneepenthesislinguafrancaethnicdialectcriticalperiodhypothesisV.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%X2=20%)WhatisBroca'sareaandwhatwouldhappenifanydamagewereinflicteduponit?Statebrieflyyourunderstandingofthedifferencesbetweenthetermacquisitionandthetermlearninginlanguageacquisitionstudy?ModelTest7I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)( )Thestudyofapplicationsoflinguisticdiscoverytosolvesomepracticalproblemssuchastherecoveryofspeechabilityisgenerallyknownas.A.appliedlinguistics B.pragmaticsC.generallinguistics D.synchroniclinguistics( )Anotherphonologicalruleistherule,ittellsuswhenasoundistobedeletedalthoughitisorthographicallyrepresented.A.