1、高考閱讀真題高考閱讀真題高考閱讀真題2015年高考英語閱讀理解題及答案(9套)Ourbrainsworkincomplexandstrangearesomepeoplewhocancalculatethedayoftheweekforanygivendatein40,000years,butwhocannotaddtwopluscanperformcomplexclassicalpianopiecesafterhearingthemonce,buttheycannotreadorwrite.Downfirstdescribedthisconditionincalledthesepeopleid

2、iotidiotsavantisapersonwhohassignificantmentalimpairment(損害),suchasinautism(孤單癥，自閉癥)orthesametime,thepersonalsoexhibitssomeextraordinaryskills,whichareunusualformostskillsofthesavantmayvaryfrombeingexceptionallygiftedinmusicorinmathematics,orhavingaphotographicmemory.Oneofthefirstdescriptionsofahuma

3、nwhocouldcalculatequicklywaswrittenin1789byRush,anAmericanpatient,ThomasFuller,wasbroughttoVirginiaasaslavetookThomasonly90secondstoworkoutthatamanwhohaslived70years,17days,and12hourshaslived2,210,500,800thisability,hediedin1790withouteverlearningtoreadorwrite.Anotheridiotsavantslavebecamefamousasap

4、ianistintheTomhadavocabularyofonly100words,butheplayed5,000musicalpiecesbeautifully.IntheexcellentmovieRainMan,madein1988andavailableonvideocassette,DustinHoffmanplaysanidiotsavantwhoamazeshisbrotherplayedbyTomCruise,withhisabilitytoperformcomplexcalculationsveryrapidly.Todaywemoreclearlyrecognizeth

5、attheidiotsavantisspecialbecauseofbrainnotallbrainimpairmentleadstosavantstudieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohavepurposefulinterruptionoftheleftsideofthebraincandevelopidiotsavantfewpeoplewishtoparticipateinsucharemanyexcellentreasonsfornotundergoingunnecessaryexperimentationononestermidiotsavantisoutdated

6、andallsavantshaveahighdegreeofintelligenceandarethusnotidiots.doesthepassagemainlytalkaboutsavantshaveareasofoutstandingabilities.Beingshavecomplicatedthinkingprocess.brainsoftheidiotsavantsarepartlyimpaired.reasonswhypeoplehavewonderfulskillsvary.ofthefollowingcanbedonebyRainMancanplaywonderfulpiec

7、esofclassicalmusic.canguessoutexactlythelengthofamanslife.canmemorizethecontentsofthepicturesfast.cancountmatchesdroppedonthefloorquickly.canyouinferfromthepassagesavantshaverealtalentsforartandmath.isthefirstpersonwhofoundidiotsavants.peoplewishtoriskbecomingsavantsbybrainoperations.leftbrainimpair

8、mentswillsurelyleadtoidiotsavants.ofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage答案：7275ADCBLawsthatwouldhaveensuredpupilsfromfiveto16receivedafullfinancialeducationgotlostinthewashup.Anapplicationiscallingonthenextgovernmenttobringitback.Atschoolthechildrenaretaughttoaddupandsubtract(減法)but,extraordina

9、rily,arenotroutinelyshownhowtoopenabankaccountletalonehowtomanagetheirfinancesinanincreasinglycomplexanddemandingworld.TodaytheparentingwebsiteMumsnetandtheconsumercampaignerMartinLewishavejoinedforcestolaunchanonlineapplicationtomakefinancialeducationacompulsoryelementoftheschoolcurriculuminEngland

10、.Childrenfromfiveto16shouldbetaughtabouteverythingfrompocketmoneytopensions,theysay.AndthatwasexactlytheplanpreservedintheChildren,SchoolsandFamiliesbillthatwasshelvedbythegovernmentintheso-called“wash-up”earlierthismonththerushtolegislationbeforeparliamentwasdismissed.Consumerandparentgroupsbelieve

11、financialeducationhasalwaysbeenoneofthemostfrustratingomissionsofthecurriculum.AsthePersonalFinanceEducationGroup(Pfeg)pointsout,thegoodhabitsofyoungchildrendonotlastlong.Over75%ofseven-to11-year-oldsaresaversbutbythetimetheygetto17,overhalfofthemareindebttofamilyandfriends.Bythisage,26%seeacreditca

12、rdoroverdraft(透支)asawayofextendingtheirspendingpower.Pfegpredictsthattheseyoungpeoplewill“finditmuchhardertoavoidtheseriousunexpecteddangersthathavebefallenmanyoftheirparentsgenerationunlesstheyreceivegoodqualityfinancialeducationwhileatschool.”TheUKhasbeenintheworstfinancialrecession(衰敗)forgenerati

13、ons.Itdoesseemoddthatunlessparentsstepinyoungpeopleareleftinthedarkuntiltheyarecruellyintroducedtotheworldofdebtwhentheyturnupatuniversity.Inarecentpollofover8,000people,97%supportedfinancialeducationinschools,while3%saiditwasajobforparents.Thepassageismainlyabout_.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwopara

14、graphsthat_.A.theauthorcomplainsabouttheschooleducationThewebsiteandtheconsumercampaignerjoinedto_.A.instructthepupilstodonatetheirpocketmoneyB.promotetheconnectionofschoolsandfamiliesC.askthegovernmenttodismisstheparliamentAccordingtoPfeg,_.A.itiseasytokeepgoodhabitslongB.teenagersspendtheirmoneyas

15、plannedC.parentsarewillingtopaythedebtfortheirkidsD.itwillbeintroubleiftheteenagersareleftaloneApollismentionedto_.A.stressthenecessityofthecurriculumreformB.showtheseriousnessofthefinancialrecessionC.makethereadersawareofburdenoftheparentsD.illustratesomepeoplearestronglyagainsttheproposal答案：61-65C

16、ADDAuropeansshouldtrytostayindoorsifashfromIcelandsvolcanostartssettling,theWorldHealthOrganizationwarnedFridayassmallamountsfellinIceland,ScotlandandNorway.WHOspokesmanDanielEpsteinsaidthemicroscopic(微小的)ashispotentiallydangerousforpeoplewhenitstartstoreachtheEarthbecauseinhaled(吸入)particlescanente

17、rthelungsandcauserespiratoryproblems.AndhealsosaidEuropeanswhogooutsidemightwanttoconsiderwearingamask.Otherexperts,however,werentconvincedthevolcanicashwouldhaveamajoreffectonpeopleshealthandsaidWHOswarningswerehysterical.Theysaidvolcanicashwasmuchlessdangerousthancigarettesmokeorpollution.Volcanic

18、ashismadeoffineparticlesoffragmentedvolcanicrock.Itislightgraytoblackandcanbeasfineastalcumpowder.Duringavolcaniceruption,theashcanbebreatheddeepintothelungsandcauseirritationeveninhealthypeople.ButonceitfallsfromagreaterdistancelikefromthecloudcurrentlyhoveringaboveEuropeitshealtheffectsareoftenmin

19、imal,expertssay.Notallparticlesarecreatedequal,saidKenDonaldson,aprofessorofrespiratorytoxicologyattheUniversityofEdinburgh,Inthegreatschemeofthings,volcanicashisnotallthatharmful.AndhesaidmostEuropeansexposuretovolcanicashwouldbenegligibleandthatonlythoseintheneardistrictsoftheIcelandicvolcanowould

20、likelybeatrisk.Dr.StephenSpiro,aprofessorofrespiratorymedicineanddeputychairoftheBritishLungFoundation,saidthefurthertheparticlestravel,thelessdangeroustheywillbe.ThecloudhasalreadypassedovernorthernScotlandandwehaventheardofanyilleffectsthere,hesaid.Spirosaidtowearmasksorstayindoorstoavoidvolcanica

21、shwasoverthetopandabithysterical.60.Thetextismainlyabout.A.theeffectofvolcanicashB.thehealthriskofvolcanicashC.thedisadvantagesofvolcanicashD.theopinionsonhealthriskofvolcanicash61.WhichoneistrueaccordingtoParagraph3A.ThevolcanicashseffectsonEuropeanswerelittle.B.Theashcausedirritationeveninhealthyp

22、eople.C.OtherexpertsthoughtWTOSwarningswereuseful.D.Thevolcanicashwasmoredangerousthancigarettesmokeorpollution.62.Theunderlinedword“hysterical”inParagraph4mostprobablymeans.A.amazingB.practicalC.valuableD.overstated63.WhatcanwelearnfromthepassageA.Thevolcanicashwouldntbeharmfultopeople.B.Allexperts

23、thoughtthevolcanicashdidgreatharmtoourhealth.C.Peopleclosetothevolcanowouldlikelybeatriskaccordingtosomeexperts.D.EuropeansshouldstayindoorsbecauseIcelandsvolcanostartssettling.答案：.要旨粗心題。本文主要就火山灰對人的健康的危害問題世衛組織和其余專家給出不一樣樣看法。A太抽象;B不可以表現不一樣樣的看法;C與文章內容沒關;D符合題意。61.A.細節理解題。第三段最后一句可知A是正確的;由第三段中Duringavolca

24、niceruptioninhealthypeople.可知B;由第三段中Otherexperts,however,werentconvincedcigarettesmokeorpollution可除去CD。62.D.猜。由上文中volcanicashisnotallthatharmful和下文中onlythoseinthenearvicinityoftheIcelandicvolcanowouldlikelybeatrisk可知D正確,夸張的，言其的。.由第三段Butonceitfallsfromagreaterdistance.effectsareoftenminimal和第四段中onlyt

25、hoseinthenearvicinityoftheIcelandicvolcanowouldlikelybeatrisk以及第五段中thefurthertheparticlestravel,themoredilutedandlessdangeroustheywillbe可知C正確。ABD點表達。Fearanditscompanionpainaretwoofthemostusefulthingsthatmanandanimalspossessiftheyareused.Iffiredidnthurtwhenitburned,childrenwouldplaywithituntiltheirha

26、ndswereburnedaway.Similarly,ifpainexistedbutfeardidnt,achildcouldburnitselfagainandagainbecausefearwouldnotwarnittokeepawayfromthefirethathadburntitbefore.Areallyfearlesssoldierandsomedoexistisnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy.Fearandpainarethereforetwoguardswith

27、outwhichmanandanimalsmightsoondieout.Inourfirstsentencewesuggestedthatfearoughttobeproperlyused.If,forexample,younevergooutofyourhousebecauseofthedangerofbeingknockeddownandkilledinthestreetbyacar,youarelettingfearruleyoutoomuch.Theimportantthingisnottoletfearruleyou,butinstead,tousefearasyourservan

28、tandguide.Fearwillwarnyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake.Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactiontoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youseeacarcomingstraighttowardsyou;fearwarnsyou,youjumpoutoftheway,andalliswell.Insomecases,however,youdecidethatthereisnothingthatyoucandotoavoidthedanger

29、.Forexample,youcannotpreventanairplanecrashingintoyourhouse,andyoumaynotwanttogoandliveinadesertwheretherearenoairplanes.Inthiscase,fearhasgivenyouitswarning,youhaveexamineditanddecidedonyourcourseofaction,sofearoftheparticulardangerisnolongerofanyusetoyou,andyouhavetotrytoovercomeit.60.Childrenwoul

30、dplaywithfireuntiltheirhandsareburntawayif_.A.theywerenotwelleducatedatschoolB.theyhadneverplayedwithfirebeforeC.theyhadnosenseofpainD.theywerefearfulofpain61.Peoplesometimessucceedintimelyavoidingdangerbecause_.A.theyhavegainedexperienceB.theyarewarnedofthedangerandtakequickactionC.theyjumpoutofthe

31、wayintimeD.theyarecalminfaceofdanger62.WhatisimpliedbutnotstatedinthepassageA.ToomuchfearisharmfulB.FearisalwayssomethinghelpfulC.FearissomethingthatcanbeavoidedD.FearoughttobeusedasourguideinourlifeThebesttitleforthispassageshouldbe_.A.NoPains,NoGainsB.PainandActionsC.TheValueofFearD.TheReasonWhyPe

32、opleFear答案：6063CBACImagineamassoffloatingwasteistwotimesthesizeofthestateofTexas.Texashasalandareaofmorethan678000squarekilometers.Soitmightbedifficulttoimagineanythingtwiceasbig.Alltogether,thismassofwasteflowingintheNorthPacificOceanisknownastheGreatPacificOceanGarbagePatch.Itweighsabout3500000ton

33、s.Thewasteincludesbags，bottlesandcontainersplasticproductsofallkinds.TheeasternpartoftheGreatPacificOceanGarbagePatchisaboutl600kilometerswestofCalifornia.ThewesternpartiswestoftheHawaiianIslandsandeastofJapan.Theareahasbeendescribedasakindofoceanicdesert，withlightwindsandslowmovingwatercurrents.The

34、watermovessoslowthatgarbagefromallovertheworldcollectsthere.Inrecentyears，therehavebeengrowingconcernsaboutthefloatinggarbageanditseffectonseacreaturesandhumanhealth.Scientistssaythousandsofanimalsgettrappedinthefloatingwaste，resultingindeathorinjury.Evenmorediefromalackoffoodorwaterafterswallowingp

35、iecesofplastic.Thetrashcanalsomakeanimalsfeelfull，lesseningtheirdesiretoeatordrink.Thefloatinggarbagealsocanhaveharmfuleffectsonpeople.Thereisanincreasedthreatofinfectionofdiseasefrompollutedwaste，andfromeatingfishthatswallowedwaste.Diverscanalsogettrappedintheplastic.Itsexistencefirstgainedpublicat

36、tentioninl997.ThatwaswhenracingboatcaptainandoceanographerCharlesMooreandhiscrewsailedintothegarbagewhilereturningfromaracingevent.Fiveyearsearlier，anotheroceanographerlearnedofthetrashafterashipmentofrubberduckiesgotlostatsea.ManyofthosetoysarenowpartoftheGreatPacificOceanGarbagePatch.InAugust，2009

37、，ateamfromtheUniversityofCalifornia，SanDiegobecamethelatestgrouptotraveltoit.Theywereshockedbytheamountofwastetheysaw.Theygatheredhundredsofseacreaturesandwatersamplestomeasurethegarbagepatchseffectonoceanenvironment.didthewriterintroducethetopicofthepassageA.Bygivinganexample.B.Bylistingthefacts.C.

38、Bytellingastory.D.Bygivingacomparison.doweknowabouttheGreatPacificOceanGarbagePatchA.Itismadeupofvariouskindsofplasticproducts.B.Itisasolidmassoffloatingwastematerials.C.Itliesl60000kilometerseastofCalifornia.D.Itisdescribedasakindofoceanicdesert.dopeoplepayattentiontotheGreatPacificOceanGarbagePatc

39、hA.Becauseitmaypreventtheflowofoceanwater.B.Becausethepollutedplasticarticleswillmoveupthefoodchain.C.Becauseitmaybefromanislandinthepacific.D.Becauseshipsmaybetrappedinthefloatingwaste.columncanyoufindthepassageonanewspaperA.Sportsandentertainment.B.Mediaandculture.C.Environmentandsociety.D.Science

40、andtechnology.purposeofwritingthispassageisto_.A.warnpeopleofthedangertotravelinthepacificB.analyzewhatcausedthewastepatchinthepacificC.giveadviceonhowtorecyclewasteintheoceanD.introducetheGreatPacificOceanGarbagePatch答案：。推理判斷題。依據第一段”Imagineamassoffloatingwasteistwotimesthestateofhasalandareaofmoret

41、han678000squareitmightbedifficulttoimagineanythingtwiceasbig.”可知，作者拿得克薩斯州與大批的垃圾飛揚物進行比較，因此選D項。細節判斷題。依據第二段中的”Thewasteincludesbags，bottlesandcontainersplasticproductsofallkinds.”可知，這些垃圾漂流物是塑料制品。細節理解題。依據第五段中的”Thereisanincreasedthreatofinfectionofdiseasefrompollutedwaste，andfromeatingfishthatswallowedwas

42、te.”可知受污染的塑料制品會經過食品鏈來影響人類。推理判斷題。依據本文內容可知，這篇文章最有可能出此刻報紙上”環境與社會”這個欄目里。作者企圖題。本文經過介紹太平洋上飛揚的大批的塑料垃圾廢物的狀況，指出了它們對大海中的生物以及人類的影響，因此D項正確。Withallthewars,fightingandsadnessintheworldtoday,itsnotonlynecessary,butalsoessentialtohaveagoodsenseofhumorjusttohelpusgetthrougheachandeverydayofourasmileonsomeonesfacewhe

43、nyouknowtheyarefeelingdowninthedumps(處于喪氣中),asthesayinggoes,makesmefeelgoodandwarmsmyheart.Howwouldyoufeelifyoucouldnotjokearoundwithyourwife,husband,child,co-workerneighbor,closefriend,orevenjustsomeonethatyouarestandinginlinewithatyourcomerstoreIamalwayssayingthingsthatmakeotherssmileorlaugh,eveni

44、fIdontknowthepersonImjokingaroundGrandmaalwaysfoundhumorineverythingshedid,evenifitwasthehardestjobanyonecouldnotonlyrelievesstressinanysituation,butalsoiscommoncourtesy(禮貌)tospeaktoothersthatarearoundyou.Iknowofafewpeoplethatdonthaveafunnyboneintheirbodies,astheyaroundthemcouldberollingontheflooraf

45、terhearingagreatjokeandtheywouldsittherewithouttheslightestsmileontheirdontgetthejokethatmakesothersambustingagutwhiletheyjustsitthere,lookingatmeasifIwerefromoutercanpeoplenotgetareallyfunnyjokeLaughingisessentialtokeepyourstresslevelsunderhumorwewouldfindourselveswithalotofpsychologicalproblems,or

46、onalotofmedicationstokeepusfromgoingistoomuchsadnessinthispresentdrivespeopleallneedtofindawaytobypassthesadnessandbringalittlelightintoour,Ibelieveourbestmedicineistogettogetherandtellsomejokesandhavesomefunlaughingtogether.totheauthor,humorisusefulintheaspectthat_.makespeoplemoreconfidentcanpickup

47、peoplesspiritscanhelpgetridofthecrueltyintheworldcanhelppeoplegetonwellwithothersauthoranswersthequestioninthesecondparagraphwith_.anddescriptionsandargumentandconclusionandpersuasionphrase“bustingagutinthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby_.carefullyloudsilenthardwritingthepassage,theauthormainlyintends

48、to_.abouthisownunderstandingofhumorpeopletobehumorousindailylifeapracticalwaytogetthroughdailylifepeopleofthepowerofbeingoptimisticaboutlifeistheauthorsattitudetowardsthepresentworld.答案：5155BCDBBSometimesyoullhearpeoplesaythatyoucantloveothersuntilyouloveyoullhearpeoplesaythatyoucantexpectsomeoneels

49、etoloveyouuntilyouloveway,youvegottoloveyourselffirstandthiscanbeweallknowthatweretheappleofourparentseyes,andthatourGrandmasthinkweregreattalentsandourUncleRobertsthinkthatwewillgotothesometimesitsalothardertothinksuchnicethoughtsaboutyoufindthatbelievinginyourselfisaistimeyoubuildapositiveself-ima

50、geandlearntoloveyourself.Self-imageisyourownmindspictureofimageincludesthewayyoulook,thewayyouact,thewayyoutalkandthewayyou,ourself-imagesareoftenquitedifferentfromtheimagesothersholdabout,mostoftheseimagesaremorenegativethantheyshouldchangingthewayyouthinkaboutyourselfisthekeytochangingyourself-ima

51、geandyourwholeworld.Thebestwaytodefeatapassiveself-imageistostepbackanddecidetostressyouris,makealistifyouneedto,butwritedownallofthegreatthingsyoudoeverytallowdoubtstooccurinit.Itverywellmightbethatyouareexperiencinganegativeself-imagebecauseyoucantmovepastoneflaworweaknessthatyouseeabout,rollupyou

52、rsleevesandmakeachangeofitasyourprimaryyouthinkyouresillybecauseyouarentgoodatmath,findayouthinkyoureweakbecauseyoucantrunamile,gettothetrackandyouthinkyouredullbecauseyoudontwearthelatesttrends,buyafewnewremember,justbecauseyouthinkitdoesntmeanitstrue.Thebestwaytogetridofanegativeserf-imageistoreal

53、izethatyourimageisfarfromobjective,andtoactivelyconvinceyourselfofyourpositivethewayyouthinkandworkingonthoseyouneedtoimprovewillgoalongwaytowardspromotingapositiveyoucanpat(拍)yourselfontheback,youllknowyourewellonyourluck!needtobuildapositiveself-imagewhenyou_.tochallengeyourselfithardtochangeyours

54、elfunconfidentaboutyourselfahighopinionofyourselftothepassage,ourserf-images_.positiveeffectsprobablyuntrueoftenchangeabledifferentfunctionsshouldyouchangeyourserf-imageaccordingtothepassagekeepadifferentimageofothers.makeyourlifesuccessful.understandyourownworld.changethewayyouthink.isthepassagemai

55、nlyabouttoprepareforyoursuccess.tofacechallengesinyourlife.tobuildapositiveself-image.todevelopyourgoodqualities.aretheintendedreadersofthepassage.ingeneral.答案：4145CBDCBWhatshouldyouthinkaboutwhentryingtofindyourcareerYouareprobablybetteratsomeschoolsubjectsthanothers.Thesemayshowstrengthsthatyoucan

56、useinyourwork.Aboywhoisgoodatmathematicscanusethatinanengineeringcareer.AgirlwhospellswellandlikesEnglishmaybegoodatofficework.Soitisimportanttoknowthesubjectsyoudowellinatschool.Ontheotherhand,youmaynothaveanyspeciallystrongsubjectsbutyourrecordsshowageneralsatisfactorystandard.Althoughnotallsubjec

57、tscanbeuseddirectlyinajob,theymayhaveindirectvalue.Aknowledgeofhistoryisnotrequiredformostjobsbutifhistoryisoneofyourgoodsubjectsyouwillhavelearnedtorememberfactsanddetails.Thisisanabilitythatcanbeusefulinmanyjobs.Yourschoolmayhavetaughtyouskills,suchastypingortechnicaldrawing,whichyoucanuseinyourwo

58、rk.Youmaybegoodatmetalworkorcookeryandlookforajobwhereyoucanimprovetheseskills.Ifyouhavehadapart-timejobonSaturdaysorinthesummer,thinkwhatyougainedfromit.Ifnothingelse,youmayhavelearnedhowtogettoworkontime,tofollowinstructionsandtogetonwitholderworkers.Youmayhavelearnedtogivecorrectchangeinashop,for

59、example.Justasimportant,youmaybecomeinterestedinaparticularindustryorcareeryouseefromtheinsideinapart-timejob.Facingyourweakpointsisalsopartofknowingyourself.Youmaybeallthumbswhenyouhandletools;perhapsyouareapoorspellerorcannotaddupacolumnoffigures.Itisbettertofaceanyweaknessthantopretendtheydonotex

60、ist.Yourschoolrecord,forinstance,maynotbetoogood,yetitisanimportantpartofyourbackground.Youshouldnotbeapologeticaboutitbutinsteadrecognizethatyouwillhaveachanceofafreshstartatwork.Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat_.learningbetteratschoolshowspowerinyourjobthebetteryouareatschoolsubjects,themorehel