1、PAGE PAGE 95板塊一詞形的變換第1講名詞和數詞前沿最新動態題型高考典題試做命題角度解讀語法填空1(2021新高考卷) The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans (human) are.2(2021全國甲卷) Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers (watchtower) to take pictu

2、res or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines. 3(2020浙江卷)Later, they learned to work with the seasons (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.4(2020浙江卷1月)For Japan，the numbers (number) are more strikin

3、g22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050.5(2018全國卷)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause)1給出名詞的單數形式，考查其復數形式；2給出數詞的基數詞，考查其序數詞。考點一名詞的數eq avs4al(題組

4、試做)單句語法填空1The paper was used for sealing up holes in walls and roofs (roof) in the cold and freezing winter. 2The pianos (piano) in the other shop will be cheaper，but they are not as good.3Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves (wolf) would kill their farm animals or pets.4I s

5、pent ten minutes walking up and down the high street, desperately avoiding eye contact with passersby (passerby)5An ant has two stomachs (stomach). One holds the food for itself and the other is for food to be given to other ants.eq avs4al(要點解讀)一、名詞單數變復數的規則變化變化規則例詞一般情況加smapmaps；girlgirls；househouses

6、；mouthmouths以th結尾的，加smonthmonths；truthtruths以s，x，sh，ch結尾的，加esclassclasses；boxboxes；brushbrushes；matchmatches但是stomach(胃)的復數是stomachs；ox(公牛)的復數是oxen“輔音字母y”結尾的，變y為i加escitycities；countrycountries；partyparties；factoryfactories注意：以元音字母y結尾的則直接加s，如boyboys；toytoys以“輔音字母o”結尾的，一般加estomatotomatoes；potatopotato

7、es；heroheroes；NegroNegroes；mangomangoes注意：1.少數名詞加s或es均可，如volcanovolcano(e)s；mosquitomosquito(e)s2少數名詞只加s，如pianopianos；photophotos以“元音字母o”結尾的，加sradioradios；zoozoos；bamboobamboos以f，fe結尾的，通常變f或fe為v，再加eshalfhalves；leafleaves；shelfshelves；thiefthieves；wolfwolves；wifewives；lifelives；knifeknives以f，fe結尾的，通常

8、變f或fe為v，再加es但是也有的直接加s，如roofroofs；chiefchiefs；還存在有兩種復數形式的，如handkerchiefhandkerchiefs/handkerchieves合成名詞變復數時，通常只將里面所含的主體名詞變成復數，如果沒有主體名詞，則將最后一部分變成復數soninlawsonsinlawpasserbypassersbystorytellerstorytellersgobetweengobetweensgrownupgrownups二、名詞單數變復數的不規則變化變化情況例詞特殊變化childchildren；footfeet；toothteeth；mouse

9、mice；manmen；womanwomen注意：由man或woman構成的合成詞，其復數形式也是men和women，如an Englishmantwo Englishmen；但German不是合成詞，故復數形式為Germans有些名詞的單復數有不同的拼寫方法細菌bacterium(單數)bacteria(復數)；資料、數據datum(單數)data(復數)；現象phenomenon(單數)phenomena(復數)考點二名詞的所有格eq avs4al(題組試做)單句語法填空1In addition, the hostess (hostess) cooking will guarantee y

10、ou a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.2The article concludes that parents (parents) education affects their childrens future.3“ Todays (today) story is about the success of a poor child，” the teacher said.4Wed better stay in a hotel that is just a stones (stone) throw from the rail

11、way station for the sake of convenience.5Studies show that a childs (child) character is greatly influenced by his/her home environment.eq avs4al(要點解讀)名詞的所有格1有生命的名詞，其所有格一般在名詞后加s。his fathers boss 他爸爸的老板2表示時間、城市、地域、團體、機構等無生命的事物后也可加s，表示其所有格。todays paper 今天的報紙Englands shore 英國的海岸the cars design 這輛車的設計3在

12、某些習慣用語中，也需要加s所有格。a stones throw 近在咫尺keep sb. at arms length 與某人保持距離；不親近某人be at ones wits end 黔驢技窮4如果一樣東西為兩個人共有，則只在后一個名詞后加s，如果不是共有的則兩個名詞后都要加s。Jane and Marys mother 簡和瑪麗的媽媽(共有，暗示簡和瑪麗是姐妹關系)Janes and Marys mothers 簡的媽媽和瑪麗的媽媽(不是共有，分別指兩位媽媽)5雙重所有格：“a/two/some.名詞of名詞s/名詞性物主代詞”構成雙重所有格，“of名詞所有格”中的名詞必須表示人，不能表示

13、事物。a friend of her mothers 她媽媽的一個朋友two photos of hers 她的兩張照片考點三數詞基數詞與序數詞eq avs4al(題組試做)單句語法填空1Its celebrations happened as early as the fifth (five) century.2The elevator broke down and we had to walk up to the tenth (ten) floor.3Saturn is the second (two) biggest planet in the solar system.4Each ye

14、ar, hundreds (hundred) of the animals are killed for their fur.5Im a frequent traveller and I eat out twice (two) a day.6It has been snowing, roughly every third (three) day, for as long as Ive had the flu.eq avs4al(要點解讀)一、基數詞和序數詞1表數量的數詞叫基數詞，如one, two, three.2表順序的數詞叫序數詞，如first, second, third, fourth

15、, fifth.二、基數詞變序數詞的規則1一二三要單獨記：onefirst, two second, three third2th要從四加起：four fourth, five fifth.3eight少個t：eight eighth4nine刪除e：nine ninth5ve用f來代替：five fifth, twelve twelfth6ty變成tie：twenty twentieth三、序數詞的使用1序數詞在句中主要作定語，一般情況下序數詞前要加定冠詞。Monday is the second day of a week. 星期一是一周的第二天。2序數詞前有時加不定冠詞，表示“又一、再一

16、”，相當于another。Would you like a second cup of tea? 你還想再來一杯茶嗎？I had a third apple.我(吃了兩個蘋果后)又吃了一個蘋果。3first, second等有時可表示一批人或物。The first milu deer came from China in the 1860s.最早的一批麋鹿是在十九世紀六十年代從中國引進的。四、分數：分子用基數詞，分母用序數詞；分子大于1，分母用復數1/3: one third；2/5: two fifths第2講形容詞、副詞的比較等級前沿最新動態題型高考典題試做命題角度解讀語法填空1.(202

17、1新高考卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets，the hotter (hot)the spring!2(2021全國甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better (good) than to ride on a piece of history!3(2020全

18、國卷) One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (畫像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.4(2018全國卷)He screams the loudest (loud) of all.5(2017全國卷)Even worse (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.給出形容詞、

19、副詞，考查其比較級或最高級形式。考點一形容詞的比較等級eq avs4al(題組試做)單句語法填空1He does not think that his beliefs make him any worse (bad) than any other man. 2Maybe it is because the first impression is the strongest (strong) that China Daily has become one part of my life.3The water was simply the container for an act of kindn

20、ess and love. Nothing could be sweeter (sweet)4The bigger (big) the activity inequality of a country is, the higher its rate of obesity will be.5Of the two lectures, the first was by far the better (good), partly because the speaker had an extraordinary style.6Mobile phones are making our life easie

21、r (easy), but have reduced the need for facetoface communication.7Hes the best teacher in this school, even though he has the least (little) experience.8MinKyu Choi, 29, had bought the worlds thinnest (thin) laptop, advertised as being slim enough to fit in an envelope.eq avs4al(要點解讀)一、形容詞比較等級的規則變化變

22、化規則例詞單音節的詞，一般在后面加er和esttalltallertallestquickquickerquickest以“輔音字母e”結尾的詞，在后面加r和stwidewiderwidestfinefinerfinest以“輔音字母y”結尾的詞，變y為i，再加er和esteasyeasiereasiestheavyheavierheaviest以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節詞，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er和estthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottest以ow結尾的雙音節詞，多半加er和estnarrownarrowernarrowest多音節詞在前面加more和m

23、ostattractivemore attractivemost attractive易錯提醒有少數幾個雙音節以及er，le結尾的詞，既可以加er和est，又可以加more和most構成比較級和最高級。如：common，clever，simple，stupid等。二、形容詞比較等級的不規則變化goodbetterbest；bad/illworseworst；many/much moremost；oldolder/elderoldest/eldest；littlelessleast考點二副詞的比較等級eq avs4al(題組試做)單句語法填空1Youll have to speak louder

24、 (loud)I cant hear you.2The new group of students is betterbehaved than the other group who stayed here earlier (early)3Li Hua did very well in the examination, and I did no worse (badly), gaining 98 marks.4The detective said，“We must catch the kidnapper. The sooner (soon) the better.”5At first sigh

25、t it looked less (little) like a capital city than a mining camp.6Stay farthest (far) from the door if you will be the last person to step out of the elevator. 7Salesmen and waiters are two of the most (much) common jobs that students try to find during the summer months.8I know my sister better (we

26、ll) than anyone else. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.eq avs4al(要點解讀)一、副詞比較等級的規則變化變化規則例詞單音節詞，一般在后面加er和estfastfasterfastesthardharderhardest以“輔音字母e”結尾的單音節詞，在后面加r和stlatelaterlatest以ly結尾的雙音節詞，變y為i，再加er和estearlyearlierearliest其他雙音節和多音節詞在前面加more和mostquicklymore quicklymost quicklyhap

27、pilymore happilymost happily二、副詞比較等級的不規則變化wellbetterbest; badlyworseworst; muchmoremost; littleless least; farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest第3講人稱代詞前沿最新動態題型高考典題試做命題角度解讀語法填空1(2021新高考卷)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitors memory

28、. It sure does in mine (I)2(2021全國乙卷)Ecotourism has its (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.3(2020新高考卷)As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations (模擬) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainfor

29、est.4(2018全國卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them (they) alive.給出人稱代詞的主格形式，考查其賓格、所有格形式或反身代詞；有時考查形容詞性物主代詞。考點一主格代詞、賓格代詞、反身代詞eq avs4al(題組試做)單句語法填空1Nervously facing challenges, I know I will whisper to myself (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”. 2Like universit

30、y students, US high school students have the freedom to choose the courses that most interest them (they)3On my desk is a photo that my father took of me (I) when I was a baby.4If our parents do everything for us (we) children, we wont learn to depend on ourselves.5Our neighbors gave us a baby bird

31、yesterday that hurt itself (it) when it fell off its nest.6That evening I went to hear him (he) speak and was very impressed by his passion.eq avs4al(要點解讀)分類單數復數第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞主格Iyouhe，she，itweyouthey賓格meyouhim，her，itusyouthem反身代詞myselfyourselfhimself，herself，itselfourselvesyourselvesth

32、emselves考點二形容詞性與名詞性物主代詞eq avs4al(題組試做)單句語法填空1Their (they) job is to find bamboos in the city and return them to the countryside.2On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by its (it) mother.3People in western countries have a lifestyle quite different from ours (w

33、e)4Nicky and I both have red hair but hers (she) is lighter than mine.5Apart from a few grammatical mistakes, this composition of yours (you) is well written.6The lawyer said, “This child is nobodys child until someone makes her theirs (their) officially.”7The President betrayed them when he went ba

34、ck on his (he) promise not to raise taxes.8You can get a new set of tools, or else you may use mine (I) for the time being.eq avs4al(要點解讀)分類單數復數第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱物主代詞形容詞性myyourhis，her，itsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshis，hers，itsoursyourstheirs板塊二詞性的轉換第1講名詞轉換為形容詞、名詞或動詞前沿最新動態題型高考典題試做命題角度解讀語法填空1(2020全

35、國卷)The beautiful (beauty) long branches covered with pinkcolored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.2(2020新高考卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries, wealthy (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.3But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We ar

36、e so proud of her.Its wonderful(wonder)4(2019全國卷)They also shared with us many traditional (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were.5(2018全國卷)Im a scientist (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.6(2018全國卷) To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercises to strengthen

37、(strength) your leg muscles(肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes.1給出名詞，考查其派生出的形容詞形式；2給出名詞，考查其派生出的另一名詞形式；3給出名詞，考查其派生出的動詞形式。考點一名詞轉換為形容詞eq avs4al(題組試做)單句語法填空1According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global (globe) fertilizer consumption. 2Its never too early to ma

38、ke necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful (meaning) college experience.3British Prime Minister paid an official (office) visit to China from Jan.31 to Feb.2.4He put his ear to the floor and heard angry (anger) shouts, but no words were distinguishable. 5The policy was rejected in favour

39、 of a more cautious (caution) approach.6She feels guilty (guilt) about spending less time lately with her two kids.7There can be no doubt that you will succeed in your scientific (science) research.8The US. is sending additional (addition) troops to the region where violence occurs frequently.9It is

40、 fashionable (fashion) to have short hair nowadays.10Unless you respect other peoples religions, horrible (horror) mistakes and conflicts will occur.eq avs4al(要點解讀)名詞轉換為形容詞后綴例詞alcentrecentral在中心的；中央的originoriginal原來的；起初的crimecriminal 刑事的；犯罪的practicepractical 實際的edgiftgifted有智慧的talenttalented有才能的；天才的

41、ialofficeofficial 官方的；正式的facefacial 面部的raceracial 種族的financefinancial 金融的industryindustrial 工業的influenceinfluential 有影響的fulpeacepeaceful和平的；安靜的；和睦的meaningmeaningful有意義的；意味深長的wonderwonderful精彩的；令人高興的；令人驚奇的lesshopehopeless 沒有希望的useuseless 沒用的helphelpless無助的endendless無盡的ablefashionfashionable流行的；時髦的rea

42、sonreasonable公平的；合理的valuevaluable有價值的；寶貴的ibleaccessaccessible可到達的；可進入的；可使用的；易懂的horrorhorrible極壞的；恐怖的creditcredible可信的；可靠的ousdangerdangerous有危險的；不安全的couragecourageous勇敢的；無畏的ambitionambitious有雄心的；有抱負的；有野心的yguiltguilty感到內疚的；有過失的；有罪責的tastetasty美味的；可口的hungerhungry饑餓的；挨餓的icsciencescientific科學的energyenerge

43、tic精力充沛的；充滿活力的economyeconomic經濟的；經濟上的ishselfselfish自私的childchildish孩子氣的；稚嫩的foolfoolish愚蠢的；傻的atefortunefortunate幸運的；吉利的affectionaffectionate表示關愛的icalgrammargrammatical語法的historyhistorical(有關)歷史的；有關歷史研究的tconfidenceconfident有信心的silencesilent沉默的absenceabsent缺席的；茫然的lycostcostly昂貴的friendfriendly友好的orderor

44、derly有秩序的daydaily日常的考點二名詞轉換為名詞、動詞eq avs4al(題組試做)單句語法填空1The villager(village) autonomy is great innovation in the rural political system.2She was once in deep despair in her childhood (child) because of her physical illness.3The President set the targets for the future to promote friendship (friend)

45、with European countries.4Ms. Green has asked me to deputize (deputy) for her at the meeting.5In addition, planting trees helps improve and beautify (beauty) the environment.6She had to choose (choice) between giving up her job or hiring a babysitter.7She knew that Soli was trying to frighten (fright

46、) her, so she smiled to hide her fear.8These human activities will endanger (danger) wildlife and affect the balance of ecosystem.eq avs4al(要點解讀)一、名詞轉換為名詞后綴例詞erastronomyastronomer天文學家villagevillager村民engineengineer工程師istartartist藝術家physicsphysicist物理學家novelnovelist小說家ianmusicmusician音樂家；作曲家libraryli

47、brarian圖書館館長；圖書管理員politicspolitician從政者；政治家hoodchildchildhood童年；孩童時期neighborneighborhood街坊；街區mothermotherhood母親身份；母性shipfriendfriendship友誼；友情scholarscholarship獎學金；學問championchampionship冠軍稱號；錦標賽二、名詞轉換為動詞前綴例詞endangerendanger使遭危險；危及；危害courageencourage鼓勵；激勵后綴例詞enfrightfrighten使驚嚇；使驚恐strengthstrengthen加強

48、；強化lengthlengthen使變長ebreathbreathe呼吸bathbathe洗澡；沐浴ifybeautybeautify美化；裝飾identityidentify識別；確認classclassify分類；歸類izememorymemorize 記憶summarysummarize 總結apologyapologize道歉第2講動詞轉換為名詞或形容詞前沿最新動態題型高考典題試做命題角度解讀語法填空1(2021新高考卷) But thats how nature isalways leaving us astonished (astonish)2(2021全國乙卷)It is dif

49、ferent from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated (educate)about the areasboth in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development (develop) of the local areas.3(2020全國卷)Chinese New Y

50、ear is a celebration (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.4(2019全國卷)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief (believe) that populations are increasing. 5(2019全國卷)When t

51、hey were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting competition (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.1給出動詞，考查其派生出的名詞形式；2給出動詞，考查其派生出的形容詞形式。考點一動詞轉換為名詞eq avs4al(題組試做)單句語法填空1There is no requirement (require) for you to start except a pair of comfor

52、table walking shoes，and love for fresh outdoor air.2The school said “the course is aimed at improving the students awareness of Chinese characters and their appreciation (appreciate) of Chinese culture.”3If cancers are spotted early，there is a high chance of survival(survive)4She failed to gain admi

53、ssion (admit) to the university of her choice, which made her very disappointed.5Public worries about accidents are threatening the very existence (exist) of the nuclear power industry.6One possible explanation (explain) declared by one doctor was that John lost his sight as a result of a hard blow

54、in a terrible accident.7Police have stressed that this is the most accurate description (describe) of the killer to date.8Eating animal brains regularly helps you get motivated, improve your memory and lessen pressure (press) from studies.9It was a very tough decision (decide) but we feel we made th

55、e right one.10My father has made a full recovery (recover) from the operation.eq avs4al(要點解讀)動詞轉換為名詞 后綴例詞alapproveapproval贊成；批準arrivearrival到來；到達survivesurvival幸存proposeproposal提議；建議anceenceappearappearance出現；外貌guideguidance指引；指導performperformance表演；節目existexistence存在；生存preferpreference偏愛referrefere

56、nce參考；查閱differdifference 不同；差異ionitionationattractattraction吸引competecompetition比賽；競爭inviteinvitation邀請；請柬graduategraduation畢業expectexpectation期待；期望explainexplanation解釋(s)sionconcludeconclusion結論discussdiscussion討論；辯論decidedecision決定admitadmission接納；準許入學permitpermission允許inghearhearing聽力；聽覺beginbegi

57、nning開始 mentachieveachievement功績；成就argueargument辯論；論據treattreatment對待；治療judgejudg(e)ment判斷ureturefailfailure失敗；故障departdeparture離開；出發presspressure壓力mixmixture混合；混合物exposeexposure暴露；曝光closeclosure關閉signsignature簽名yrecoverrecovery恢復；痊愈discoverdiscovery發現deliverdelivery傳遞；分娩injureinjury傷害agemarrymarria

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60、) to wheelchair users.2Therefore, you need to find a reliable (rely) online bookstore that will be able to provide fast deliveries.3What is acceptable (accept) in one country can be considered extremely rude in another.4Since she was born, Hello Kitty has gained impressive (impress) popularity among