1、英語學習講義好好努力夢想終會實現 Section田 Grammar現在完成時的被動語態語境自主領悟先觀察原句后自主感悟I.Jans life has been greatly improved by the Internet.Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed by you?.The ink has not been removed from the clothes.例句1、2中的謂語是由has+ been+ done”構成的現在完

2、成時的被動語 態的肯定形式。.例句3中的謂語是由has+ been+done構成的現在元成時的被動語態 的疑問形式。.例句4中的謂語是由has+ not+been+ done 構成的現在完成時的被 動語態的否定形式。一、現在完成時的被動語態的構成have/ha葉 been +過去分詞二、現在完成時的被動語態的常用句式4八f主語 + have/has been done.否定式主語 + have/has not been done.一般疑問式Have/Has+主語 + been done.?特殊疑問式疑問詞 + have/has+主語 + been done.The city has been

3、swept through by heat wave recently.最近炎熱橫掃了這座城市。His work has not been finished.他的工作尚未完成。Have the new booking systems for ticketsbeen used?新的訂票制度已在使用中了嗎？How long has the battery not been changed?電池多久沒有更換了？即時訓練1根據要求變換句子The children have already been told the good news.將上面的句子變為否定句。The children havent b

4、een told the good news yet.將上面的句子變為一般疑問句。Have the children been told the good news yet?對上面的句子中的the children進行提問。Who has been told the good news yet?三、現在完成時的被動語態的用法.表示被動的動作在說話之前已經完成，強調過去的動作對現在造成的影 響或產生的結果。通常與 already, yet, never, recently 等副詞及時間狀語 so far, by now, up till now, before等連用。The work has a

5、lready been finished.工作已完成了。（結果是現在不用做這項工作了 ）The doctor hasnt been sent for yet.還沒有派人去請醫生。（現在應派人去請醫生）.表示一個被動的動作或狀態開始于過去，持續到現在，并有可能持續下 去。常與for或since引導的時間狀語連用，或用于 How long？句型中。The machinehas been repaired for two hours.這臺機器已經修了兩個小時了。（可能還會繼續被修）.用在時間或條件等狀語從句中，表示將來某時已完成的動作，即用現在 完成時的被動語態代替將來完成時的被動語態。You ca

6、n go home as soon as your taskas been finished.你的任務一完成就可以回家。即時訓練2單句語法填空In the last few years thousands of films have been produced（produce） all over the world.Though we dont know what was discussed yet we can feel the topic has been changed（change）四、使用現在完成時的被動語態要注意以下幾點.與一般過去時的被動語態的區別一般過去時的被動語態所表示的動作

7、或狀態與現在的情況沒有聯系，而現在完成時的被動語態則強調與現在的情況有聯系。The parkwas opened to the public last year.去年這家公園向公眾開放。（說明動作發生于過去）The parkhas been opened to the public.這家公園已向公眾開放。（說明動作發生于過去，但對現在有影響，即現在 公園已經開放了）.非延續性動詞如 borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join 等構成的現在完成 時的被動語態不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。 若要表達相應的意思，則要改換 動詞或時態。Th

8、e work was finished two weeks ago.這項工作在兩周前已經完成。The work has been finished.這項工作已經完成。.動詞短語動詞短語是一個不可分割的整體，在被動語態中要保持完整性，其中的介詞或副詞不可省略。It is said that the problemhas been looked into.據說已經調查了這個問題。.帶有復合賓語的動詞變為被動語態時，只能將賓語變為主語，原來的賓補改為主語補足語。注意: 原來作賓補的省略to的不定式在被動語態中要用帶to的不定式。I have told them to help you.fThey h

9、ave been told to help you.帶有雙賓語的動詞如 give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, promise等，變為被動語態時，一般將間接賓語變 為被動語態的主語，若將直接賓語變為被動語態的主語時，間接賓語前面要用相 應的介詞。The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently.f He has been given a chance to work abro

10、ad recently (by the company)7A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently (by the company).即時訓練3單句語法填空The bridge near the village was built(build) last year.No books have been bought(buy) since last week.An e- mail has been sent(send) to me by now.I .單句語法填空The dictionary is out of date： ma

11、ny words have been added (add) to the language since it was published.In recent years stress has been regarded (regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental 川ness.When I reached the station the tickets had been sold (sell) out.This book has been transla

12、ted (translate) into many languages so far.Our classroom has been cleaned (clean)you neednt clean it now.These flowers have been watered (water) you can go home.When you get the paper back pay special attention to what has been marked (mark).The house was washed (wash) away by the storm yesterday.Th

13、e computer has been repaired (repair) for two days.How many new words have been learned (learn) by the students up to now?H .用被動語態改寫句子The storm has caused millions of pounds worth of damage.fMillions of pounds worth of damage has been caused by the storm.They have asked him some difficult questions.fSome difficult questions have been asked by them.Tom has given me two tickets for the new play.Would you like to go with me?f I have been given tw