1、CONTENTSIntroduction 1 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250022 Driving Force of 5G Evolution 2Requirement and Objective of 5G Wireless Evolution 4Key Technologies of 5G Wireless Evolution 6 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250021 Smart and Effective System 6 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250020 AI 6 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250019 QoE Management 7 HYP

2、ERLINK l _TOC_250018 Energy Saving 8 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250017 Coverage Enhancement 8 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250016 MR-DC Enhancement 9 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250015 Enhancement of Existing Capabilities 9 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250014 Uplink Centric Evolution 9 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250013 Massive MIMO Evolution 10 HYPERLIN

3、K l _TOC_250012 URLLC Enhancement 10 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250011 Massive IoT Enhancement 11 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250010 Mobility Enhancement 11 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250009 Maximize Spectrum Value 12 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250008 Flexible Duplex 12 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250007 Higher Frequency 12 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250006 Fl

4、exible Spectrum Access 13 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250005 Dynamic Spectrum Sharing 14 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250004 New Application Enabler 14 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250003 Positioning and Sensing Evolution 14 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250002 NR Integration of NTN and TN 15 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250001 New Broadcasting Evolution 16H

5、igh-interactive Broadband Communication 17User-centric Multiple Devices Coordination 17 HYPERLINK l _TOC_250000 Network Slicing 18Summary 185G Wireless Evolution White Paper Towards a Sustainable 5G1.Introduction5G is being globally deployed and commercially lunched. With the worlds leading mobile n

6、etwork operators accelerating their commercial rollout of 5G networks, it is expected that more than 6.5 million 5G base stations will be deployed to bring 5G services to 58% of the worlds population, and the number of global 5G connections will exceed 100 billion beyond 2025.5G is not only deeply r

7、ooted in the traditional consumer electronics industry, but also receives extensive attention in the manufacturing industry. Operators are increasingly endeavoring to bring the expertise of managing a high quality air-interface, network operation, optimization, and service interoperability to connec

8、t people, homes, industrial equipment, and so on.In anticipation of significant 5G penetration and the 5G traffic volume by 2025, continuously improving 5G networks is inevitable. Especially, 5G evolution envisions commercializing todays attractive use cases, as well as bringing new value to all sta

9、keholders through strong technological improvement and maturity. At the same time, backward compatibility needs to be ensured to protect the industrys investments, and to have the 5G eco-system be healthy and sustainable.A well-defined 5G evolution framework with common industry understanding will h

10、elp to achieve these goals. Such a framework will encompass the targetedcommercial use cases beyond 2025, the requirements of 5G evolution, and its key technology directions.It is noted that in 2020 NGMN released NGMN white paper 2.0, which welcomes research starting on the future evolution of wirel

11、ess systems and accordingly suggests that future wireless systems help address the societal and environmental requirements, challenges and opportunities. In light of this recommendation, further 5G wireless evolution becomes increasingly important for all industrial partners, aiming to expand 5G use

12、 cases, to bring new values to the industry.Typically, three years are needed to develop the necessary standards and to build the eco-system. Now it is natural to initiate 5G wireless evolution technology study and industry incubation targeting commercialization around 2025. It could be a good start

13、 to publish a joint 5G technology white paper on wireless evolution to call for further study and help to reach consensus on key components of the evolution. Towards a sustainable 5G, this white paper outlines the key ingredients of 5G wireless technology to be further consolidated by all relevant i

14、ndustry sections and players.15G Wireless Evolution White Paper Towards a Sustainable 5G2.Driving Force of 5G Evolution5G has been rolling out globally since 2019. Global operators traffic of video, voice and data services continue to grow quickly. Consumers have been increasing expectations of thei

15、r device resolution, quality, as well as other emerging data intensive applications. 5G also helps the economic shift from building networks to exploitation of multi-purpose infrastructure.The current 5G technology has provided broadband services widely. As society advances, more and more enterprise

16、s require advanced digitalized technology to deliver their new services and business opportunities, e.g. smart cities, remote medical treatment, AR/VR, etc. Industries are growing fast in various areas, including intelligent factories, smart agriculture, intelligent transportation and more. 5G evolu

17、tion is aiming at providing enhanced capabilities and new technologies to adapt to, and enable, the way that citizens live, work, and play.COVID-19 also changes peoples lives. Providing resilience in the face of crises and emergencies, including health monitoring for unpredictable situations, a post

18、-COVIDeconomic recovery, and sustaining and re-establishing social connections can all be strengthened by 5G evolution.As such, 5G evolution needs to continue leveraging the capabilities and new technologies, and to more deeply integrate them into peoples daily lives.The progress is just beginning,

19、and there is no doubt that ongoing evolution will have more challenges. Therefore it is critical at this point of time when 5G networks have just been deployed for one more year. We should start to look at future technology trends for more than 5 years from now, plan our strategy for future network

20、evolution, and keep in mind the key drivers for our business development.Future networks will be a fundamental component for virtually all parts of life, society, and industries, fulfilling the communication needs of humans as well as intelligent machines.Driving force 15G evolution is desired to ac

21、hieve higher efficiency by enabling tailorable complexity, controllable power consumption and manageable cost while improving the capabilities and functionalities.With five years commercial development foreseen, 5G evolution needs more capacities and functionalities to meet new requirements from eMB

22、B and vertical traffic. But in the early stage of 5G development operators have inevitably confronted various challenges of network deployment and operations. This is always accompanied by increasing complexity, power consumption and cost from varioustechnical and business issues. For example: opera

23、tors are facing different coexistence of 4G and 5G in their 5G deployment, e.g. multiple frequency bands with different RATs.It is quite realistic for us to consider how to avoid more power consumption and maximize the efficiency, as well as reduce the complexity of network optimization and configur

24、ation for different services, network O&M and balancing business operation for eMBB and verticals. It should be no doubt that higher efficiency is regarded as the first driving force factor of 5G evolution.25G Wireless Evolution White Paper Towards a Sustainable 5GDriving force 25G evolution is need

25、ed to satisfy higher-definition and higher-interactivity customer entertainments, which will be populated rapidly.There is a strong increase in highly-interactive applications, where very low latencies and very high data rates are required to enable applications such as virtual reality, augmented re

26、ality, and mixed reality. These applications serve high-definition multimedia and high user density by the cellular network, which are increased in many indoor and outdoor open areas, such as stadia, large events for entertainment, sport and so on. Video quality is changing for the better from 4K 30

27、 fps to 16K 120 fps, further enhancing the immersive experience. These growing resolution and frame rates demand much higher data rates, lower latencies,and higher capacity. Therefore, 5G evolution to support enhancement services including NR multicast/broadcast, highly-interactive broadband communi

28、cation, etc. is needed.Furthermore, it can be deduced that 5G evolution is needed to fundamentally change peoples daily life, including remote medical, autonomous driving, etc.With the great expansion of the scope of human activities, the future communication network requires not only larger bandwid

29、th and higher speed, but also considers the communication in specialist areas, such as land, sea and air scenes, to provide a ubiquitous and “always on line” user experience.Driving force 35G evolution is needed to integrate itself into various industrial applications.New use cases for industry will

30、 continue to be greatly developed by 2025 and beyond. Various services of different requirements need to support the different industrial areas such as motor control, mobile control, motorized robots, resulting in the need for a high adaptability and scalability of the system. Based on the current d

31、evelopment of the vertical traffics, it is predicted that:Industrial sensors will be widely used with zero cost and zero energy in factories, health centers, farms etc. Wide use of sensors can also help environmental protection, e.g. IoT applications for monitoring the status of forests, farms, ocea

32、ns, and tracking goods in the supply chain.Some services of industrial-grade quality have stringent requirements in terms of end-to-end latency, communicationservice availability，and jitter. Most of machines are information providers instead of information consumers with special industrial character

33、istics, which create a huge amount of uplink traffic, raising further challenges to 5G uplink bandwidth. For example, machine vision will upload the massive data to 5G network.In addition, indoor positioning has become a common requirement. For example, electronic fences for personnel security manag

34、ement, and asset management and tracking, require positioning precision at centimeter level. A wide range of IoT devices have no power supply and the positioning tags attached to them should have long battery life. This means that low power consumption is another key requirement for positioning.All

35、the above use cases demand 5G evolution to integrate itself into various industrial applications.35G Wireless Evolution White Paper Towards a Sustainable 5GDriving force 45G evolution is needed to accommodate new technology such as AI.To resolve the requirement of vertical applications, operators ne

36、ed to consider integrating 5G and new technologies, such as AI, IoT etc. Among these new technologies we are monitoring, the most important factor to consider is AIs infrastructure and development.Artificial intelligence (AI) will be integrated into almost everything learning, adapting, and intellig

37、ently automating as we move towards intelligent society and industry. The real value of AI, however, is not limited to applications which connect to the network, but also ultimately be realized in thenetworks themselves, being instrumental in the evolution of the network and an enabler of autonomous

38、 network management. Collaborative industrial AI partners could perform many challenging tasks involving manual labor more safely and efficiently, as well as acting autonomously and adaptively. Machine vision is already widely used today in product quality inspection and safety inspection. The integ

39、ration of AI into networks promises to turn complexity into efficiency.In summary, AI is a new trend to build a smart 5G networkfor efficient operation and sustainable development.3.Requirements and5G Wireless EvolutionObjectives ofAs illustrated above, 5G evolution is needed for peoples daily life,

40、 for better inter-connecting various industry applications and for accommodating new technologies like AI. This section elaborates on the key requirements and objectives expected to support the multiple driving forces of 5G wireless evolution.5G wireless evolution needs to enable a flexible, adaptiv

41、e, and intelligent wireless system and keep cost-effective.5G system is designed with full functionalities to accommodate various deployment scenarios and use cases,e.g. eMBB, mMTC and URLLC, while in different cases, different batch of features are needed. 5G wireless systemshould be flexible and a

42、doptable that functions could be implemented or reduced, activated or de-activated flexibly in an on-demand manner according to the various deployment scenarios or use cases to keep solution cost-effective. Besides, OPEX should be considered in order to reduce the total cost of 5G. Therefore, techno

43、logy to help energy saving is required.45G Wireless Evolution White Paper Towards a Sustainable 5G5G wireless evolution needs to address the tremendous 5G traffic growth and protect operators earlier investments.It is already seen that more and more applications with different characteristics are de

44、veloped widely since 5G has been deployed. The 5G user penetration is expected to increase significantly, and 5G traffic is predicted to grow massively and quickly. 5G wireless evolution has to be backward compatible with all 5G devices, and be a smoothly continuous enhancement of capability. Massiv

45、e MIMO is one important and iconic technical innovation for 5G, enabling service practicality in much higher frequency bands, andbringing significant gains, capacity, and user experience. To further enhance the performance of massive MIMO can help operators to maximize the network value and address

46、the increasing 5G capacity, as well as to protect previous investment by customers. NR multicast and broadcast services could improve the wireless network resource efficiency as well, as more and more traffic is generated by concurrent high-bitrates of live video streaming like VR/AR services. Multi

47、-RAT deployment enhancement is also beneficial to enable more flexible, effective, and uniform network control and radio resource management for operators, and to exploit the utilization of existing deployments and investments.5G wireless evolution shall truly support use cases requiring high data r

48、ate and low latency simultaneously.For those applications changing daily life, AR, VR, remote medical etc., the performance requirements become more and more stringent. For instance, the VR applications with high resolution and high frame rate call for higher capabilities,e.g. the downlink rate coul

49、d be increased from 50100 Mbit/ s up to 0.51 Gbit/s and the latency could be lowered from100 ms to 510 ms. At the same time, the network capability needs also to be increased, to support the large number of 5G users simultaneously enjoying the experience of such applications. In addition, the servic

50、e performance guarantee is also crucial, for example, supporting both high reliability and 0 ms interruption mobility performance. All these features lay a good network foundation for the popularization of these applications.5G wireless evolution shall provide uplink centric enhancement for its wide

51、 adoption in various vertical applications.Both interactive XR applications and industry applications will benefit from continuous enhancement in the uplink. Especially for verticals, such as machine vision, data collection, highly-interactive HD video transmission services, and video- assisted remo

52、te operation, the traffic will be uplink centric, creating a huge amount of uplink traffic. For instance, inan HD video surveillance application, uplink data rate per 1 HD camera with 2K video streaming could be about 7 Mbit/s. Moreover, this kind of service may be 24-hours online and tens of HD cam

53、eras may be deployed in one cell. Thus improvement in the uplink capability by an order of magnitude is one direction to truly enable the quality detection and remote control, and accelerate intelligent upgrades in various verticals.5G wireless evolution shall provide all necessary functional compon

54、ents to accelerate large-scale commercialization in verticals.The network capacity and cost-effective terminal types need to be further improved for wide development of industrial IoT. Industrial automation, such as remote control and motioncontrol, needs end-to-end data packet transmission latency

55、of 5ms or less, and the reliability should be 99.9999%, or even better. Indoor positioning with centimeter-level accuracy and low-power consumption is necessary for personnel management and asset tracking in smart manufacturing scenarios.55G Wireless Evolution White Paper Towards a Sustainable 5G5G

56、wireless evolution shall also introduce incorporation of fundamentally new technologies to increase more business opportunities.For scenarios such as V2X, high accuracy for positioning and sensing is also required. 5G wireless evolution could utilize natural advantages in large bandwidth and massive

57、 numbers of antennas, to provide harmonized communication and high-resolution sensing with one network.In addition to the enhancement of existing technologies, new technologies like AI should also be considered. The 5G system can utilize AI technology to automatically maintain the network, as well a

58、s to enhance the system performance.Satellites are another example to complement the traditional communication. These new technologies are worth considering and be well integrated in 5G wireless evolution.In summary, capabilities of 5G need to be continuously enhanced in traditional dimensions, such

59、 as uplink/downlink capacity, user experience improvement of highly interactive- broadband communication, flexible spectrum utilization and high spectrum efficiency. Furthermore, new capabilities, such as high-precision positioning, high-resolution sensing, AI etc., are worth considering as well to

60、accelerate the large-scale development for various industries.4.Key Technologies of 5G Wireless EvolutionThe preceding major scenarios and service requirements bring new demands for the development of the 5G evolution networksystem towards a sustainable future. The following describes potential wire